Broadband wide-beam horn antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to a broadband wide-beam horn antenna, which comprises an antenna main body, a feed port, a feed probe, a polarizer, a waveguide and a beam widening structure, the antenna body is in a cuboid shape with an opening in the upper middle end inside, through holes are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the antenna body, feed ports are connected to the through holes, feed probes are arranged in the feed ports, a polarizer is vertically connected to the bottom face inside the antenna body, and the polarizer is located between the two feed probes. The open end of the antenna main body is connected with a waveguide, and the inner diameter of the waveguide is gradually increased along the direction close to the antenna main body to form a horn shape with a big-end-down opening; the side surface of the waveguide is provided with a wave beam widening structure which extends outwards. The antenna with the structure has the advantages that the antenna with the structure can achieve the wide-beam antenna gain of 1.5 dB within + / -60 degrees and the wide-beam antenna gain of-0.5 dB within + / -70 degrees; and the working bandwidth can reach 10%. And the diameter is only 1.27 times of the wavelength of the lowest working frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of satellite communications, in particular to a wide bandwidth beam horn antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are crucial components in wireless communication systems, responsible for converting electromagnetic waves in free space into those in radio frequency circuits. With the rapid development of information technology, the demand for high-frequency antennas, wide-beam antennas, and broadband antennas is increasing. Common high-frequency antennas are horn antennas, but their large physical aperture makes wide beams difficult to achieve.

[0003] Chinese patent document: CN112421238B, announcement date: 2022.10.04, discloses a satellite-borne wide-beam corrugated horn antenna, which solves the problem that existing horn antennas cannot simultaneously meet the various requirements of high power, high efficiency, wide bandwidth, and wide beam, and are not suitable for certain low-orbit satellite communications. The utility model includes a 90° corrugated horn antenna, a diaphragm circular polarizer, and a circular waveguide coaxial converter. One end of the 90° angle corrugated horn antenna is connected to one end of the diaphragm circular polarizer, and the other end of the diaphragm circular polarizer is connected to the circular waveguide coaxial converter. The 90° corrugated horn antenna includes a first circular waveguide section, and the mouth end plane of the first circular waveguide section is provided with three corrugated grooves with a 90° angle. The surface profile of the 90° corrugated horn antenna is circular.

[0004] This technical solution has the advantages of wide beam, beamforming that meets earth matching, wide operating frequency band, right-hand circular polarization, and can be well applied in engineering applications such as satellite communications;

[0005] However, this solution of adding longitudinal corrugations will greatly increase the physical size of the antenna, which is not conducive to the realization of miniaturized antennas. Moreover, the corrugated structure is sensitive to frequency, making it inconvenient to design broadband. Moreover, high-frequency antennas will result in a reduction in the overall structure, and structures such as longitudinal corrugations are inconvenient to process.

[0006] The preceding description is intended to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a wide bandwidth beam horn antenna, which is miniaturized, has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0008] The utility model provides a wide bandwidth horn antenna, comprising an antenna body, a feeding port, a feeding probe, a polarizer, a waveguide and a beam widening structure; the antenna body is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening at the upper middle end, through holes are provided on the left and right sides of the antenna body, the feeding port is connected to the through holes, the feeding probe is provided in the feeding port, the polarizer is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the antenna body, and the polarizer is located between the two feeding probes; the waveguide is connected to the open end of the antenna body, the inner diameter of the waveguide gradually increases along the direction approaching the antenna body, forming a horn shape with a small opening at the top and a large opening at the bottom; the side of the waveguide is provided with a beam widening structure extending outward.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surface of the beam widening structure is arranged tilted.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the waveguide gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body.

[0011] Furthermore, a first flange is provided at the lower edge of the waveguide, and a second flange matching the first flange is provided at the upper edge of the antenna body; the first flange is pressed onto the second flange and connected by screws.

[0012] Furthermore, the feeding port is in a circular tube shape, and a connecting plate is provided at the lower edge of the feeding port. The connecting plate covers the through hole and is connected to the antenna body by screws.

[0013] The utility model discloses a wide-bandwidth horn antenna with a waveguide whose inner diameter gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body, forming a horn-shaped opening with a smaller top and a larger bottom. This achieves a wide beam effect, is compact, and adapts to a wide frequency range. The waveguide is provided with an outwardly extending beam-broadening structure on its side to achieve the beam-broadening task. The waveguide opening is approximately 0.6 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and the maximum inner diameter at the bottom is approximately 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. The waveguide height is approximately 0.18 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. Using this structure, an antenna can achieve a wide-beam antenna gain of 1.5dB within ±60° and a wide-beam antenna gain of -0.5dB within ±70°. The operating bandwidth can reach 10%. The diameter is only 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wide bandwidth beam horn antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna body of the medium-wide bandwidth wide beam horn antenna.

[0016] Figure 3for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the waveguide and beam broadening structure of the medium-width wide-beam horn antenna.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of a medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna.

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the feed port of the medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna.

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic plan view of the feed port of a medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna.

[0021] The reference numerals and components in the drawings are as follows:

[0022] 1. Antenna body 11, through hole 12, second flange

[0023] 2. Feeding port 21, connecting plate 3, feeding probe

[0024] 4. Polarizer 5, waveguide 51, first flange

[0025] 6. Beam widening structure DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. in the description and claims of the present utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide bandwidth beam horn antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna body of the medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the waveguide and beam broadening structure of the medium-width wide-beam horn antenna. Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna. Figure 5 for Figure 1 Partial cross-sectional view of the medium-wideband broadband horn antenna. Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the feed port structure of the medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna. Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the feed port of the medium-wide bandwidth horn antenna. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The wide bandwidth beam horn antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna body 1, a feeding port 2, a feeding probe 3, a polarizer 4, a waveguide 5 and a beam widening structure 6; the antenna body 1 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening at the middle and upper end, and a through hole 11 is provided on the left and right sides of the antenna body 1, the feeding port 2 is connected to the through hole 11, the feeding port 2 is provided with the feeding probe 3, the polarizer 4 is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the antenna body 1, and the polarizer 4 is located between the two feeding probes 3; the waveguide 5 is connected to the open end of the antenna body 1, and the inner diameter of the waveguide 5 gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body 1, forming a horn shape with a small opening at the top and a large opening at the bottom; the side of the waveguide 5 is provided with a beam widening structure 6 extending outward.

[0030] The wide-bandwidth horn antenna of the present invention has a waveguide 5 whose inner diameter gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body 1, forming a horn-shaped opening with a small top and a large bottom. This achieves a wide beam effect, and its size is small and adaptable to a wide frequency range. The side of the waveguide 5 is provided with an outwardly extending beam widening structure 6 for achieving the beam widening task. The waveguide opening size of the waveguide 5 is approximately 0.6 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and the maximum inner diameter at the bottom is approximately 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. The height of the waveguide 5 is approximately 0.18 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. An antenna using this structure can achieve a wide-beam antenna gain of 1.5dB within ±60° and a wide-beam antenna gain of -0.5dB within ±70°. The operating bandwidth can reach 10%. The diameter is only 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.

[0031] Further references Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The beam widening structure 6 of the present invention is arranged on an inclined surface; the outer diameter of the waveguide 5 gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body 1.

[0032] It should be noted that the structural design of the outer surface of the beam widening structure 6 of the present invention is the core of the present invention, and the internal structure of the antenna body 1 and the feeding port 2 can be modified according to actual antenna requirements. A circular waveguide can be used instead of a square waveguide, and other forms of polarizers 4 and orthogonal mode converters can also be used.

[0033] For example, taking a circularly polarized antenna from 12.7GHz to 14GHz as an example, its waveguide mouth diameter is 14mm. Waveguide 5 has a height of 4.2mm, a top diameter of 15mm, and a bottom diameter of 30mm. Polarizer 4 adopts the common baffle phase shifter form, and feed port 2 adopts the common probe form. The narrow-mouth waveguide transformation is used to transform the square waveguide of the phase shifter into a circular waveguide with a diameter of 14mm. The waveguide 5 and the beam widening structure 6 are integrally formed and connected, and the other parts of the antenna are processed into another metal part. The above two metal parts are screwed together or bonded with conductive glue, and a commonly used SMA-K connector with a probe is installed at the feed port 2 and debugged to a suitable standing wave; the antenna can be completed.

[0034] Further references Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The utility model provides a first flange 51 at the lower edge of the waveguide 5, and a second flange 12 that cooperates with the first flange 51 at the upper edge of the antenna body 1; the first flange 51 is pressed onto the second flange 12 and connected by screws.

[0035] Further references Figure 1 The feeding port 2 of the present invention is in the shape of a circular tube, and a connecting plate 21 is provided at the lower edge of the feeding port 2. The connecting plate 21 covers the through hole 11 and is connected to the antenna body 1 by screws.

[0036] Based on the above description, it can be seen that the advantages of the present invention are:

[0037] The wide-bandwidth horn antenna of the present invention has a waveguide 5 whose inner diameter gradually increases as it approaches the antenna body 1, forming a horn-shaped opening with a smaller top and a larger bottom. This achieves a wide beam effect, is compact, and adapts to a wide frequency range. A beam-broadening structure 6 extending outward from the side of the waveguide 5 is provided to achieve the beam-broadening task. The waveguide opening size of the waveguide 5 is approximately 0.6 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and the maximum inner diameter at the bottom is approximately 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. The height of the waveguide 5 is approximately 0.18 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. Using this structure, the antenna can achieve a wide-beam antenna gain of 1.5dB within ±60° and a wide-beam antenna gain of -0.5dB within ±70°. The operating bandwidth can reach 10%. The diameter is only 1.27 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.

[0038] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wide bandwidth horn antenna, characterized by: It comprises an antenna body (1), a feeding port (2), a feeding probe (3), a polarizer (4), a waveguide (5) and a beam widening structure (6); The antenna body (1) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with an open upper middle end. A through hole (11) is provided on both the left and right sides of the antenna body (1). The through hole (11) is connected to the feeding port (2). The feeding probe (3) is provided in the feeding port (2). The polarizer (4) is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the antenna body (1). The polarizer (4) is located between the two feeding probes (3). The waveguide (5) is connected to the open end of the antenna body (1), and the inner diameter of the waveguide (5) gradually increases in a direction approaching the antenna body (1), forming a trumpet shape with a smaller opening at the top and a larger opening at the bottom; a beam widening structure (6) extending outward is provided on the side of the waveguide (5).

2. The wide bandwidth horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The upper surface of the beam widening structure (6) is arranged tilted.

3. The wide bandwidth horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The outer diameter of the waveguide (5) gradually increases in a direction approaching the antenna body (1).

4. The wide bandwidth horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A first flange (51) is provided at the lower edge of the waveguide (5), and a second flange (12) matching the first flange (51) is provided at the upper edge of the antenna body (1); the first flange (51) is pressed onto the second flange (12) and connected by screws.

5. The wide bandwidth horn antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding port (2) is in the shape of a circular tube. A connecting plate (21) is provided at the lower edge of the feeding port (2). The connecting plate (21) covers the through hole (11) and is connected to the antenna body (1) via screws.

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