Ultrasonic vibration assisted dehydrogenation reactor
The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor accelerates catalyst activation through preheating and high-frequency vibration waves, solving the problems of catalyst damage and low efficiency in traditional dehydrogenation reactions, and achieving high catalytic efficiency and reduced energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520111121.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional dehydrogenation reactions require high-temperature preheating of the catalyst, which leads to damage to the catalyst's physical structure and changes in its chemical properties, resulting in low reaction efficiency and high energy consumption. Without preheating the catalyst, the reaction rate is low.
An ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor is used. The catalyst is preheated by a preheating coil, and high-frequency vibration waves are generated by an ultrasonic vibration motor to form cavitation effect and micro-jet, which accelerates the mixing of reactants and the breaking of chemical bonds. Combined with a stirring mechanism, uniform distribution is ensured.
It improves the activation level of the catalyst's active center, enhances the contact area and collision frequency of reactant molecules, promotes the formation of new bonds, improves reaction efficiency and rate, and reduces energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN223697728U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dehydrogenation reaction, especially to an ultrasonic vibration assisted dehydrogenation reactor. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the field of chemical engineering and materials science, dehydrogenation reaction is an important chemical process that involves the removal of hydrogen atoms from compounds to form new bonds or change molecular structures. This type of reaction is widely used in petroleum chemical industry, fine chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, and synthesis of new materials, etc. Traditionally, dehydrogenation reaction relies on thermal energy, which requires high temperature to overcome the bond energy between reactants. This not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also has low reaction efficiency and catalyst deactivation.
[0003] In dehydrogenation reaction, preheating of catalyst is an important operation step, which has a direct impact on reaction efficiency and selectivity. Traditional dehydrogenation reaction usually needs to be carried out at high temperature to ensure that the active centers of catalyst are fully activated and effectively contact with reactant molecules. However, the sudden exposure of catalyst from low temperature environment to high temperature condition may experience severe temperature change, which not only damages its physical structure, but also changes its chemical properties, reducing catalytic performance. Unpreheated catalyst needs additional time to reach working temperature, during which the reaction rate is low, reducing overall production efficiency. SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an ultrasonic vibration assisted dehydrogenation reactor which can enhance catalytic effect and improve reaction efficiency.
[0005] The ultrasonic vibration assisted dehydrogenation reactor of the utility model comprises:
[0006] The outer cylinder is internally provided with a cavity;
[0007] The inner cylinder is arranged inside the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is internally provided with a reaction cavity;
[0008] The ultrasonic vibration motor is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the ultrasonic vibration motor is arranged in the interlayer of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder;
[0009] The catalyst storage cylinder is arranged outside the outer cylinder and fixedly connected with the outer cylinder, and is used for conveying catalyst into the inner cylinder;
[0010] The catalyst storage cylinder comprises:
[0011] The storage cylinder body is fixedly connected with the outer end face of the outer cylinder, and the storage cylinder body is internally provided with a chamber, and the top of the storage cylinder body is provided with a filling port;
[0012] A preheating coil is arranged in the storage cylinder, and the preheating coil is provided with an input port and an output port.
[0013] An outlet joint is arranged at the bottom of the storage cylinder and is communicated with the output port of the preheating coil.
[0014] An inlet joint is arranged at the bottom end of the storage cylinder and is communicated with the input port of the preheating coil.
[0015] A stirring mechanism is arranged in the inner cylinder and is used for stirring the reactants in the inner cylinder to accelerate the reaction.
[0016] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor is provided with a thermometer on the storage cylinder, which is used for detecting the temperature in the storage cylinder.
[0017] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor further comprises a catalyst storage cylinder.
[0018] An electronic liquid level guide column is vertically arranged in the storage cylinder.
[0019] A liquid level float block is vertically and slidably arranged in the storage cylinder and is sleeved on the electronic liquid level guide column.
[0020] A liquid level gauge is arranged at the top of the storage cylinder and is fixedly connected with the electronic liquid level guide column.
[0021] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor further comprises a stirring mechanism.
[0022] A motor is arranged at the top of the outer cylinder.
[0023] A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the inner cylinder and is driven to rotate by the motor.
[0024] Two stirring wheels are rotatably arranged in the inner cylinder and are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft.
[0025] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor further comprises a stirring mechanism.
[0026] Two scraper rods are arranged in the inner cylinder to move circumferentially, and the two scraper rods are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft.
[0027] A plurality of scraper plates are arranged on the two scraper rods, and the scraper plates are attached to the inner side wall of the inner cylinder.
[0028] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor is provided with a conical bottom end at the bottom end of the inner cylinder, and the conical bottom end is provided with a slag discharge port.
[0029] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor is provided with an anti-blocking scraper plate at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the anti-blocking scraper plate is attached to the top end of the slag discharge port.
[0030] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor of the utility model, a plurality of heating electric joints are arranged on the outer cylinder, a heating rod is arranged on each heating electric joint, and the heating rod is arranged in the interlayer between the outer cylinder and the bottom of the inner cylinder.
[0031] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
[0032] The catalyst is preheated by the preheating coil pipe to reach a suitable reaction temperature; the preheating process helps to fully activate the active center of the catalyst, increases the effective contact area of the catalyst with the reactant molecules, and thus enhances the catalytic effect; the high-frequency vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic vibration motor forms cavitation effect and microjet flow in the reaction cavity; the cavitation effect refers to the process that micro bubbles are generated in the liquid under the action of the ultrasonic wave and rapidly expand and break; the breaking of the bubbles can generate strong shock wave and microjet flow to strongly stir and disperse the reactants; the cavitation effect and the microjet flow action can break the chemical bonds between the reactant molecules, promote the formation of new bonds, and thus accelerate the dehydrogenation reaction; at the same time, the physical action can also enhance the mass transfer process of the reactants and improve the reaction efficiency; the stirring mechanism stirs the mixture of the reactants and the catalyst by mechanical stirring to ensure that they are fully mixed and uniformly distributed; the stirring action can increase the collision frequency and intensity between the reactant molecules, and thus increase the reaction rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0033] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings.
[0034] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0035] Figure 2 It is the stirring mechanism installation structure schematic diagram;
[0036] Figure 3 It is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0037] Figure 4 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the catalyst storage cylinder;
[0038] Figure 5 It is the stirring mechanism enlarged structure schematic diagram;
[0039] Figure 6 It is Figure 2 A part enlarged structure schematic diagram in the
[0040] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Inner cylinder; 13. Ultrasonic vibration motor; 14. Motor; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Stirring wheel; 17. Scraper; 18. Scraper; 1a. Slag discharge port; 1b. Anti-clogging scraper; 1c. Heating connector; 1d. Heating rod; 2. Catalyst storage cylinder; 21. Storage cylinder body; 22. Preheating coil; 23. Liquid outlet connector; 24. Liquid inlet connector; 25. Thermometer; 26. Electronic liquid level guide column; 27. Liquid level float; 28. Liquid level gauge. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.
[0042] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor of this invention includes:
[0043] The outer cylinder 11 has an internal cavity;
[0044] The inner cylinder 12 is located inside the outer cylinder 11, and a reaction chamber is provided inside the inner cylinder 12.
[0045] An ultrasonic vibration motor 13 is disposed at the bottom of the inner cylinder 12, and the ultrasonic vibration motor 13 is disposed in the interlayer between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12.
[0046] Catalyst storage cylinder 2 is located outside the outer cylinder 11 and is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 11. It is used to transport catalyst into the inner cylinder 12.
[0047] The catalyst storage cylinder 2 includes:
[0048] The storage cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer cylinder 11. The storage cylinder 21 has a chamber inside and a filling port is provided at the top of the storage cylinder 21.
[0049] The preheating coil 22 is coiled inside the storage cylinder 21, and the preheating coil 22 is provided with an inlet and an outlet.
[0050] The liquid outlet connector 23 is connected to the bottom of the storage cylinder 21 and is connected to the output port of the preheating coil 22.
[0051] The liquid inlet connector 24 is connected to the bottom end of the storage cylinder 21 and is connected to the inlet of the preheating coil 22.
[0052] A stirring mechanism is installed inside the inner cylinder 12 to stir the reactants inside the inner cylinder 12 and accelerate the reaction.
[0053] The working process and principle of the device are as follows: before the dehydrogenation reaction starts, the catalyst in the catalyst storage cylinder 2 is preheated by the preheating coil 22; the preheating coil 22 is coiled inside the storage cylinder body 21 and connected to the heat source through the input and output ports, so that the catalyst gradually warms up to the appropriate reaction temperature; when the catalyst is preheated to the specified temperature, the catalyst is smoothly transported to the reaction cavity of the inner cylinder 12; the reactants are introduced into the reaction cavity of the inner cylinder 12 and mixed with the preheated catalyst; the stirring mechanism starts to work to stir the mixture of reactants and catalyst to ensure that they are fully mixed and evenly distributed; the ultrasonic vibration motor 13 is started to generate high-frequency vibration waves, which are transmitted to the mixture in the reaction cavity through the inner cylinder 12; the cavitation effect and micro-jet action of ultrasonic waves can enhance the mixing and mass transfer process of reactants, while promoting the breaking of chemical bonds and the formation of new bonds, thereby accelerating the dehydrogenation reaction; the catalyst is preheated by the preheating coil 22 to reach the appropriate reaction temperature; the preheating process helps to fully activate the active centers of the catalyst, increases its effective contact area with the reactant molecules, and thus enhances the catalytic effect; the high-frequency vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic vibration motor 13 form cavitation effect and micro-jet in the reaction cavity; cavitation effect refers to the process of generating micro-bubbles in the liquid and rapidly expanding and breaking under the action of ultrasonic waves; the breaking of these bubbles can produce strong shock waves and micro-jet to strongly stir and disperse the reactants; cavitation effect and micro-jet action can break the chemical bonds between reactant molecules, promote the formation of new bonds, and thus accelerate the dehydrogenation reaction; at the same time, these physical actions can also enhance the mass transfer process of reactants and improve reaction efficiency; the stirring mechanism stirs the mixture of reactants and catalyst by mechanical stirring to ensure that they are fully mixed and evenly distributed; the stirring action can increase the collision frequency and intensity between reactant molecules, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
[0054] A thermometer 25 is installed on the storage cylinder 21 to detect the internal temperature of the storage cylinder 21. When a dehydrogenation reaction is required, the catalyst inside the storage cylinder 21 is first preheated through a preheating coil 22. The preheating coil is wound inside the storage cylinder and connected to a heat source through an inlet and an outlet, allowing the catalyst to gradually heat up. During the preheating process, the thermometer 25 monitors the temperature changes inside the storage cylinder 21 in real time and displays the temperature data. By observing the data displayed on the thermometer 25, the operator can determine the preheating status of the catalyst. When the temperature reaches the preset value, it indicates that the catalyst has been preheated and can be transported to the inner cylinder 12 for the dehydrogenation reaction. If the temperature displayed by the thermometer is too high or too low, the operator can adjust the heating power of the preheating coil or the cooling measures in time to ensure that the catalyst is in the optimal preheating state. The thermometer 25 installed on the storage cylinder 21 provides important temperature information to the operator by monitoring the temperature changes inside the storage cylinder in real time, which helps to ensure the preheating effect of the catalyst and the smooth progress of the dehydrogenation reaction.
[0055] Catalyst storage container 2 also includes:
[0056] The electronic liquid level guide column 26 is vertically installed inside the storage cylinder 21;
[0057] The liquid level float 27 is vertically slidably disposed in the storage cylinder 21, and the liquid level float 27 is sleeved on the electronic liquid level guide column 26;
[0058] The liquid level gauge 28 is installed on the top of the storage cylinder 21 and is fixedly connected to the electronic liquid level guide column 26;
[0059] In the catalyst storage cylinder 2, the electronic liquid level guide column 26 is vertically arranged inside the storage cylinder body 21, which plays a guiding and supporting role; the liquid level float 27 is vertically slidably arranged in the storage cylinder body 21 and is sleeved on the electronic liquid level guide column 26; the material of the float is usually light and corrosion-resistant, which can float up and down with the change of the liquid level; the liquid level meter 28 is arranged at the top of the storage cylinder body 21 and is fixedly connected with the electronic liquid level guide column 26; the liquid level meter contains a sensor and a display device inside, which is used to receive the signal transmitted by the electronic liquid level guide column and display the liquid level; when the catalyst is added into the storage cylinder body 21 through the filling port, the liquid level will gradually rise; the liquid level float 27 rises with the rise of the liquid level, and slides along the electronic liquid level guide column 26; the rise of the liquid level float 27 will cause the change of the conductive contact on the electronic liquid level guide column 26, which will be captured by the sensor in the liquid level meter 28; the sensor converts the captured change into an electric signal and transmits it to the display device of the liquid level meter through the circuit; the display device calculates the liquid level according to the received electric signal and displays it on the screen; the operator can read the liquid level information in the storage cylinder body 21 by observing the display device on the liquid level meter 28; according to the change of the liquid level, the operator can judge the remaining amount of the catalyst, so as to timely supplement the catalyst or adjust the production plan, which can reflect the liquid level change information in the storage cylinder body 21 in real time and accurately, providing important production reference data for the operator.
[0060] The stirring mechanism comprises:
[0061] The motor 14 is arranged at the top of the outer cylinder 11.
[0062] The rotating shaft 15 is rotatably arranged inside the inner cylinder 12, and the rotating shaft 15 is driven to rotate by the motor 14.
[0063] The two stirring wheels 16 are rotatably arranged inside the inner cylinder 12, and the two stirring wheels 16 are both driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 15.
[0064] When the dehydrogenation reaction is needed, first start the motor 14 arranged at the top of the outer cylinder 11; after the motor 14 is started, its output shaft starts to rotate and transmits the rotating power to the rotating shaft 15; the rotating shaft 15 is fixed with two stirring wheels 16, and the two stirring wheels are rotated by the rotating shaft; the stirring wheels can effectively stir the reactants in the inner cylinder 12, so that they are uniformly mixed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency; with the rotation of the stirring wheels, the reactants in the inner cylinder 12 are continuously stirred and mixed, which helps to speed up the reaction rate and improve the selectivity and conversion rate of the reaction; at the same time, stirring can also help the reactants to better contact with the catalyst, thereby improving the utilization rate of the catalyst; the stirring action helps to improve the efficiency, selectivity and conversion rate of the dehydrogenation reaction.
[0065] The stirring mechanism further comprises:
[0066] Two scraper rods 17 are arranged symmetrically on the rotating shaft 15 and move circumferentially inside the inner cylinder 12.
[0067] A plurality of scraper plates 18 are arranged on each of the two scraper rods 17 and are in close contact with the inner side wall of the inner cylinder 12.
[0068] The rotating shaft 15 rotates inside the inner cylinder 12, driving the scraper rods to move circumferentially inside the inner cylinder 12. The scraper rods 17 are respectively provided with a plurality of scraper plates 18, which are in close contact with the inner side wall of the inner cylinder 12. When the scraper rods move circumferentially, the scraper plates will scrape along the inner side wall of the inner cylinder, thereby playing a role in cleaning and stirring. The scraping action of the scraper plates not only helps to scrape off the reactants or catalysts attached to the inner wall of the inner cylinder, allowing them to participate in the reaction again, but also promotes the mixing and uniform distribution of the reactants. At the same time, due to the close contact between the scraper plates and the inner wall of the inner cylinder, it can effectively prevent the accumulation and coking of the reactants on the inner wall, maintaining the cleanliness and efficient operation of the reaction chamber.
[0069] The bottom end of the inner cylinder 12 is designed as a conical shape, and the conical bottom end is provided with a slag discharge port 1a. Due to the conical design of the bottom end of the inner cylinder 12, the solid residues will gradually deposit and accumulate at the bottom of the conical shape. The conical design helps to guide the residues to the slag discharge port 1a, preventing the formation of difficult-to-clean accumulations at the bottom of the inner cylinder. When the reaction is completed or the inner cylinder needs to be cleaned, the solid residues deposited at the bottom of the conical shape can be discharged by opening the slag discharge port 1a. After the slag discharge is completed, the inner cylinder is further cleaned and inspected to ensure that it is in good working condition.
[0070] The bottom end of the rotating shaft 15 is provided with an anti-blocking scraper plate 1b, and the bottom end of the anti-blocking scraper plate 1b is in close contact with the top end of the slag discharge port 1a. Residues will deposit at the bottom of the inner cylinder 12, especially near the slag discharge port 1a. In order to prevent these residues from blocking the slag discharge port 1a, an anti-blocking scraper plate 1b is designed. The anti-blocking scraper plate 1b is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 15 and rotates with the rotating shaft. During rotation, the bottom end of the anti-blocking scraper plate 1b is always in close contact with the top end of the slag discharge port 1a. When the stirring mechanism is started and the motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, the anti-blocking scraper plate 1b also rotates. The rotating anti-blocking scraper plate 1b can continuously scrape the residues at the top end of the slag discharge port 1a, removing them from the area, thereby preventing the accumulation and blocking of the residues in the slag discharge port.
[0071] A plurality of heating electrical connectors 1c are arranged on the outer cylinder 11, and each heating electrical connector 1c is provided with a heating rod 1d arranged in the interlayer between the outer cylinder 11 and the bottom of the inner cylinder 12; when the dehydrogenation reaction starts, the control system supplies power to each heating electrical connector 1c; the heating electrical connector 1c serves as an interface for power transmission and transmits power to the heating rod 1d; after being powered, the heating rod 1d generates heat through the resistance wire inside; the heat generated by the heating rod 1d is transmitted to the inner cylinder 12 and the reactants and catalysts inside through the interlayer space; in this way, not only the reactants can be directly heated, but also the overall temperature inside the inner cylinder 12 can be improved through heat radiation and convection; during the dehydrogenation reaction, the heating rod 1d continuously works to maintain the temperature conditions required by the reaction; through the plurality of heating electrical connectors 1c arranged on the outer cylinder 11 and the corresponding heating rods 1d, the dehydrogenation reactor can realize accurate heating and control of the interlayer space and provide stable temperature conditions for the dehydrogenation reaction.
[0072] The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary dehydrogenation reactor of the present application has a common mechanical installation mode, connection mode or arrangement mode, and can be implemented as long as the beneficial effects can be achieved.
[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor, characterized in that, include: The outer cylinder has an internal cavity. An inner cylinder is disposed inside the outer cylinder, and a reaction chamber is provided inside the inner cylinder; An ultrasonic vibration motor is disposed at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the ultrasonic vibration motor is disposed in the interlayer between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; A catalyst storage cylinder is disposed outside the outer cylinder and fixedly connected to the outer cylinder, and is used to transport the catalyst into the inner cylinder; The catalyst storage container includes: A storage cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the outer cylinder. The storage cylinder has a chamber inside and a filling port is provided at the top of the storage cylinder. A preheating coil is coiled inside the storage cylinder, and the preheating coil is provided with an inlet and an outlet. A liquid outlet connector is connected to the bottom of the storage cylinder and is connected to the output port of the preheating coil. A liquid inlet connector is connected to the bottom end of the storage cylinder and is connected to the inlet of the preheating coil. A stirring mechanism is installed inside the inner cylinder to stir the reactants inside the inner cylinder and accelerate the reaction.
2. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A thermometer is installed on the storage cylinder to detect the internal temperature of the storage cylinder.
3. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The catalyst storage container also includes: An electronic liquid level guide column is vertically installed inside the storage cylinder; A liquid level float is vertically and slidably disposed in the storage cylinder, and the liquid level float is sleeved on the electronic liquid level guide column; A liquid level gauge is installed on the top of the storage cylinder and is fixedly connected to the electronic liquid level guide column.
4. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring mechanism includes: The motor is located at the top of the outer cylinder; A rotating shaft is rotatably disposed inside the inner cylinder, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the motor; Two stirring wheels are rotatably disposed inside the inner cylinder, and both stirring wheels are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft.
5. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The stirring mechanism also includes: Two scraper rods move in a circular motion inside the inner cylinder, and the two scraper rods are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft; Multiple scrapers are respectively mounted on two scraper rods, and the scrapers are in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder.
6. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner cylinder is set in a conical shape, and a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cone.
7. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An anti-clogging scraper is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the anti-clogging scraper is in contact with the top of the slag discharge port.
8. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted dehydrogenation reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder is provided with multiple heating electrical connectors, and each heating electrical connector is provided with a heating rod, which is disposed in the interlayer between the bottom of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.