Vapor utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship and arrangement structure of vapor utilization device system

Abstract

The utility model provides a boil-off gas utilization device system for a liquid hydrogen transport ship and an arrangement structure of the boil-off gas utilization device system. The boil-off gas utilization device system for the liquid hydrogen transport ship comprises a liquid hydrogen storage device, a methanol preparation device and a methanol storage device which are connected in sequence, the vapor utilization device system for the liquid hydrogen transport ship further comprises a decarburization device, a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device, wherein the methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device are arranged in parallel. The boil-off gas utilization device for the liquid hydrogen transport ship is good in system economy, high in safety, green, low in carbon and suitable for large-scale application and popularization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to liquid hydrogen transport ship technical field especially relates to a kind of evaporative gas utilization device system and its arrangement structure for liquid hydrogen transport ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a kind of secondary energy, which is abundant in source, green and low-carbon, and widely used. Due to the characteristics of hydrogen, such as small density, low ignition point, wide explosion interval and large diffusion coefficient, it brings great challenges to the storage and transportation of hydrogen. Since the volume energy density of liquid hydrogen is more than 800 times that of gaseous hydrogen at standard state, the liquid hydrogen transport ship is the first choice for long-distance transportation of hydrogen.

[0003] In the scenario of liquid hydrogen transport ship, liquid hydrogen is stored in the storage tank at-253℃. Due to the large temperature difference with the outside environment, as the heat leakage increases, a part of the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank will vaporize into hydrogen gas. If these hydrogen gases cannot be effectively controlled in the closed environment of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, it will cause the system pressure to rise, thereby causing leakage or rupture of the storage tank. Hydrogen gas is a highly flammable gas, and when mixed with oxygen in the air, it can form a combustible gas cloud when exposed to an open flame, which can easily cause fires and explosions. Therefore, the evaporation gas treatment of liquid hydrogen transport ship needs to be highly professional, to ensure the safe and effective transportation of liquid hydrogen.

[0004] Generally, the evaporation gas treatment technology includes pressure storage, reliquefaction, combustion device, hydrogen-doped engine and hydrogen fuel cell supply technology. Among them, pressure storage is not suitable for long-distance ocean voyage, and at the same time, due to the increase of storage tank design pressure, the weight increases due to the increase of storage tank wall thickness; reliquefaction device needs to liquefy the evaporation gas in the storage tank and store it in the storage tank at-253℃ again, and the reliquefaction system usually includes hydrogen expander, hydrogen compressor, liquid hydrogen booster pump, primary and secondary hydrogen converter and other equipment, which will greatly increase the construction cost; hydrogen combustion device reduces the pressure of the storage tank by burning off the evaporation gas, which causes a large amount of waste of liquid cargo; hydrogen evaporation gas is used for hydrogen-doped engine to realize the use of evaporation gas for ship power system, but hydrogen-doped engine faces research and development problems such as supercharging matching, early combustion control, explosion pressure improvement, injection strategy and nozzle leakage, and needs to be equipped with a set of hydrogen fuel supply system, which increases the cost of ship fuel system; hydrogen evaporation gas is used for hydrogen fuel cell, which is more suitable for the case of full-ship power supply by hydrogen fuel cell, which needs to be comprehensively evaluated according to the design of liquid hydrogen ship liquid cargo system and power load to ensure that the configuration of fuel cell is reasonable, in addition, a fuel supply system is also needed to ensure the pressure matching of hydrogen evaporation gas and fuel cell inlet. Therefore, the design of liquid cargo system of liquid hydrogen transport ship should avoid the pressure rise of liquid hydrogen storage tank on the ship to ensure the safety of long-distance transportation of liquid hydrogen, and the treatment and utilization of evaporation gas should also consider economy, green and low carbon and feasibility.

[0005] CN112628593A discloses a liquid hydrogen vapor processing system and its control method. The system compresses the liquid hydrogen vapor from a liquid hydrogen storage tank using a multi-stage hydrogen compressor, then stores it in a daily-use hydrogen tank to supply hydrogen internal combustion engines, hydrogen fuel cells, and hydrogen gas turbines. Alternatively, it can store it in a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The main drawback of this method is that the technology for hydrogen internal combustion engines and hydrogen gas turbines is still immature. Issues such as pressurization matching, pre-ignition control, explosion pressure enhancement, injection strategies, and nozzle leakage remain unresolved. Furthermore, using hydrogen fuel as the primary power source for ships would significantly reduce the carrying capacity, transportation efficiency, and economy of liquid hydrogen transport vessels. Additionally, if hydrogen storage cylinders are used to collect and store the vapor, the large volume of vapor generated on liquid hydrogen transport vessels would require large storage cylinder volumes, significantly occupying cargo hold space and thus reducing transportation efficiency.

[0006] CN217382515U discloses a liquid hydrogen ship hydrogen supply system with vapor recovery. The main line includes a liquid hydrogen flow regulating valve, a liquid hydrogen pump pool, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and a main line hydrogen buffer tank. The auxiliary line includes a hydrogen heater, a hydrogen buffer cylinder group, an auxiliary line hydrogen compressor, and another hydrogen heater. Ultimately, the hydrogen is delivered to the hydrogen fuel cell system for use, avoiding the waste of hydrogen vapor. Hydrogen fuel cells have a relatively low volumetric energy density, making them more suitable as the main power source for liquid hydrogen transport ships for inland waterways or coastal routes, but unsuitable for large ocean-going liquid hydrogen transport ships. If hydrogen fuel cells were to power the entire ship, a comprehensive evaluation based on the design of the liquid cargo system and the electrical load is required to ensure the fuel cell configuration is reasonable. Furthermore, a control system is needed to match the pressure of the hydrogen vapor and the fuel cell inlet.

[0007] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporation gas utilization device system that, while ensuring the safety of liquid hydrogen storage tanks on liquid hydrogen transport ships, is also economical, green and low-carbon, and feasible. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporation gas utilization device system and its layout structure. By reasonably setting up a methanol preparation device, a methanol storage device, a decarbonization device, a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device, it not only realizes the reuse of hydrogen evaporation gas generated by the liquid hydrogen storage device, but also improves the safety and economy of the liquid hydrogen transport ship, realizes carbon cycle, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0009] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] The utility model provides a kind of evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship, and the evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship includes liquid hydrogen storage device, methanol preparation device and methanol storage device connected in turn;

[0011] The evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship further includes a decarburization device; the decarburization device is connected with the methanol preparation device.

[0012] The evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship further includes a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device connected in parallel; the methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device are connected with the decarburization device through an exhaust gas delivery pipeline; the methanol dual-fuel boiler is connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation device through a steam delivery pipeline respectively; the methanol dual-fuel power generation device is connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation device through a power supply line respectively.

[0013] The evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship is designed for a liquid hydrogen transport ship, which realizes carbon emission reduction and avoids waste of hydrogen evaporated gas.

[0014] The hydrogen evaporated gas generated by the liquid hydrogen storage device and carbon dioxide are reacted by the methanol preparation device to prepare methanol, so that the hydrogen evaporated gas is utilized without affecting the original power system and without causing waste of liquid cargo. The prepared methanol is used as fuel for the methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device, and the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas generated by the two devices is absorbed and treated by the decarburization device. The above process forms a carbon cycle, which realizes green and low-carbon of the liquid hydrogen transport ship with low energy consumption and cost.

[0015] The evaporated gas utilization device system for liquid hydrogen transport ship includes a methanol storage device, which can transfer the remaining methanol to the shore after the methanol prepared by the methanol preparation device is used for the methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device, so that the system has high flexibility and adaptability.

[0016] The decarburization method used by the decarburization device can be absorption, adsorption, membrane separation, electrochemistry and low-temperature distillation.

[0017] The carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas in the methanol preparation device react as follows:

[0018] CO2+3H2=CH3OH+H2O

[0019] The catalyst used can be a copper-based catalyst, a noble metal catalyst or an oxide catalyst, without being limited herein. In the process for preparing methanol, the reaction temperature is 200-300 DEG C, and the reaction pressure is 5-10 MPa.

[0020] The power and steam consumption of the equipment including the compressor, the methanol reactor and the delivery pump in the methanol preparation device are provided by the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the methanol dual-fuel boiler. The power and steam consumption required for separating the carbon dioxide captured from the exhaust gas by the decarbonization device are provided by the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the methanol dual-fuel boiler respectively. Therefore, the additional energy consumption of the whole system can be supplied by the methanol fuel prepared by the methanol preparation device, and the exhaust gas decarbonization of the liquid hydrogen transport ship using carbon-containing fuel is realized.

[0021] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises an engine.

[0022] Preferably, the engine is connected with the decarbonization device through a bypass exhaust gas delivery pipeline. On the one hand, the main engine of the ship can normally operate without being affected in the case of failure of the decarbonization device, and on the other hand, the percentage of the exhaust gas decarbonization of the ship can be adjusted by controlling the flow ratio of the bypass exhaust gas.

[0023] Preferably, the decarbonization device is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipeline after decarbonization. The decarbonization device can capture the carbon dioxide in the combustion products of heavy oil, light diesel oil, LNG or methanol. The captured carbon dioxide does not need to be compressed and refrigerated and is stored in a storage tank, so that the space occupation of decarbonization is avoided, and the cargo capacity and transportation efficiency of the liquid hydrogen transport ship are not affected.

[0024] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises a methanol rectification device.

[0025] Preferably, the methanol rectification device is arranged between the methanol preparation device and the methanol storage device.

[0026] Preferably, the methanol preparation device is connected with the black water tank through a wastewater discharge pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage device comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0028] Preferably, the methanol storage device comprises a methanol storage tank.

[0029] The operation process of the liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system provided by the utility model comprises the following steps, and a flowchart thereof is shown in Figure 1

[0030] ​The hydrogen evaporation gas generated by the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the carbon dioxide generated by the decarburization device enter a methanol preparation device to generate refined methanol, and then enter a methanol storage cabin; wherein, the wastewater generated by the methanol preparation device is discharged to a black water cabin;

[0031] A part of the methanol in the methanol storage cabin is supplied to a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device, the auxiliary machine exhaust gas generated is combined with the main machine exhaust gas generated by the engine, enters the decarburization device for treatment, and the exhaust gas after decarburization is discharged; the remaining methanol in the methanol storage cabin is transshipped to the shore.

[0032] The methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device supply heat and power for the decarburization device and the methanol preparation device.

[0033] In the second aspect, the utility model provides a kind of arrangement structure of the evaporation gas utilization device system of liquid hydrogen transport ship as described in the first aspect, the liquid hydrogen storage device is arranged in the engine room of liquid hydrogen transport ship;

[0034] The methanol preparation device is arranged on the main deck, and is located between the methanol storage device and the smokestack in the length direction of the ship;

[0035] The methanol storage device is arranged below the main deck, and is located between the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the liquid hydrogen storage device;

[0036] The decarburization device is arranged on the main deck;

[0037] The methanol dual-fuel boiler is arranged in the engine room shed and is away from the liquid hydrogen storage device;

[0038] The methanol dual-fuel power generation device is arranged in the engine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0039] The arrangement structure of the evaporation gas utilization device system of liquid hydrogen transport ship is rationally designed, the methanol preparation device is arranged on the main deck, and is located between the methanol storage device and the smokestack in the length direction of the ship, so that the carbon dioxide inlet pipeline, the hydrogen inlet pipeline and the methanol output pipeline are relatively short;The methanol storage device is arranged below the main deck, and is located between the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the liquid hydrogen storage device, fully considering that methanol is in liquid state at normal temperature and pressure, and does not need to be stored at low temperature or high pressure, so that the design and construction of the methanol storage device are simpler and have cost advantages. Methanol can be transshipped to the shore after the liquid hydrogen transport ship docks, and can also be transported to the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the methanol dual-fuel boiler for use.

[0040] Preferably, the engine is arranged in the engine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0041] Preferably, the untreated exhaust gas in the exhaust pipeline of the methanol dual-fuel power generation device is sequentially discharged through the engine room shed and the smokestack of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0042] Preferably, the decarburized exhaust gas generated by the decarburization device is discharged through a decarburized exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system directly burns off the evaporating gas of the liquid hydrogen storage device to reduce the pressure of the storage tank, is more economical, and realizes reuse of the evaporating gas.

[0045] (2) The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system and the decarburization device are effectively combined, carbon recycling is realized on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, the emission of carbon dioxide in the ship exhaust is greatly reduced, and the greenization of the liquid hydrogen transport ship is realized under the condition of low energy consumption and cost.

[0046] (3) The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system generates methanol fuel by reacting liquid hydrogen evaporating gas and carbon dioxide, the methanol fuel can be stored at normal temperature and pressure, and the methanol storage device is simpler and safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a running process schematic diagram of the liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system provided by the utility model.

[0048] Figure 2 is a ship arrangement side view of the liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system in the specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0049] Figure 3 is a ship arrangement top view of the liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporating gas utilization device system in the specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0050] In the figure: 1 - untreated exhaust gas; 2 - decarburized exhaust gas; 3 - decarburization device; 4 - engine; 5 - methanol preparation device; 6 - methanol dual-fuel power generation device; 7 - methanol storage device; 8 - liquid hydrogen storage device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical scheme of the utility model is further illustrated below in combination with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0052] The utility model is further illustrated in detail below. However, the examples described below are merely simple examples of the utility model and do not represent or limit the protection scope of the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is subject to the claims.

[0053] As one specific embodiment of the utility model, a liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporated gas utilization device system is provided, which comprises liquid hydrogen storage devices, methanol preparation devices and methanol storage devices connected in sequence.

[0054] The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporated gas utilization device system further comprises a decarburization device; the decarburization device is connected with the methanol preparation devices.

[0055] The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporated gas utilization device system further comprises methanol dual-fuel boilers and methanol dual-fuel power generation devices arranged in parallel; the methanol dual-fuel boilers and the methanol dual-fuel power generation devices are connected with the decarburization device through exhaust gas delivery pipelines; the methanol dual-fuel boilers are connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation devices respectively through steam delivery pipelines; the methanol dual-fuel power generation devices are connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation devices respectively through power supply lines.

[0056] The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporated gas utilization device system further comprises an engine.

[0057] The engine is connected with the decarburization device through a bypass exhaust gas delivery pipeline.

[0058] The decarburization device is connected with a decarburized exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

[0059] The liquid hydrogen transport ship evaporated gas utilization device system further comprises a methanol rectification device.

[0060] The methanol rectification device is arranged between the methanol preparation devices and the methanol storage devices.

[0061] The methanol preparation devices are connected with the black water tank through a wastewater discharge pipeline.

[0062] The liquid hydrogen storage devices comprise liquid hydrogen storage tanks.

[0063] The methanol storage devices comprise methanol storage tanks.

[0064] The methanol in the methanol storage device has three destinations, namely, port transfer, a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device.

[0065] As one of the specific embodiments of the utility model, the arrangement structure of the evaporation gas utilization device system for the liquid hydrogen transport ship is also provided, and a ship arrangement side view is as shown in Figure 2 A ship arrangement top view is as shown in Figure 3

[0066] The liquid hydrogen storage device 8 is arranged in a machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship;

[0067] The methanol preparation device 5 is arranged on a main deck, and is located between the methanol storage device 7 and a smokestack in the length direction of the ship;

[0068] The methanol storage device 7 is arranged below the main deck and between the methanol dual-fuel power generation device 6 and the liquid hydrogen storage device 8;

[0069] The decarbonization device 3 is arranged on the main deck;

[0070] The methanol dual-fuel boiler is arranged in a machine room shed and away from the liquid hydrogen storage device 8;

[0071] The methanol dual-fuel power generation device 6 is arranged in the machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0072] The engine 4 is arranged in the machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0073] The untreated exhaust gas 1 in the exhaust pipe of the methanol dual-fuel power generation device 6 is sequentially discharged through the machine room shed of the liquid hydrogen transport ship and the smokestack.

[0074] The decarbonized exhaust gas 2 generated by the decarbonization device 3 is discharged through a decarbonized exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

[0075] In summary, the evaporation gas utilization device system for the liquid hydrogen transport ship has good economy, high safety and green low carbon, and has a wide range of application prospects.

[0076] ​The applicant declares that the utility model is explained by the above-mentioned embodiments to illustrate the detailed structural features of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed structural features, namely, it does not mean that the utility model must rely on the above-mentioned detailed structural features to be implemented. The skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the utility model, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the utility model and increase of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes and the like all fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the utility model.

[0077] The preferred embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above, but the utility model is not limited to the specific details in the above-mentioned embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical scheme of the utility model within the technical concept scope of the utility model, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A boil-off gas utilization device system for a liquid hydrogen carrier, characterized by, The liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system comprises, in sequence, a liquid hydrogen storage device, a methanol preparation device and a methanol storage device. The liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises a decarburization device; the decarburization device is connected with the methanol preparation device. The liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises a methanol dual-fuel boiler and a methanol dual-fuel power generation device arranged in parallel; the methanol dual-fuel boiler and the methanol dual-fuel power generation device are connected with the decarburization device through an exhaust gas delivery pipeline; the methanol dual-fuel boiler is connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation device through a steam delivery pipeline respectively; the methanol dual-fuel power generation device is connected with the decarburization device and the methanol preparation device through a power supply line respectively.

2. The boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier according to claim 1, characterized by, The liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises an engine. The engine is connected with the decarburization device through a bypass exhaust gas delivery pipeline.

3. The boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier vessel of claim 1, wherein, The decarburization device is connected with a decarburized exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

4. The boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier vessel of claim 1, wherein, The liquid hydrogen transport ship vapor gas utilization device system further comprises a methanol rectification device. The methanol rectification device is arranged between the methanol preparation device and the methanol storage device. The methanol preparation device is connected with a black water tank through a waste water discharge pipeline.

5. The boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier vessel of claim 1 wherein, The liquid hydrogen storage device comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank.

6. The boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier ship according to claim 1, characterized by The methanol storage device comprises a methanol storage tank.

7. An arrangement of a boil-off gas utilization system for a liquid hydrogen carrier as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The liquid hydrogen storage device is arranged in a machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship. The methanol preparation device is arranged on a main deck, and located between the methanol storage device and a funnel in the length direction of the ship. The methanol storage device is arranged below the main deck, and located between the methanol dual-fuel power generation device and the liquid hydrogen storage device. The decarburization device is arranged on the main deck. The methanol dual-fuel boiler is arranged in a machine room shed and away from the liquid hydrogen storage device. The methanol dual-fuel power generation device is arranged in the machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship. The engine is arranged in the machine room of the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

8. The arrangement of boil-off gas utilization systems for a liquid hydrogen carrier vessel according to claim 7, characterized in that, Untreated exhaust gas in an exhaust pipe of the methanol dual-fuel power generation device is discharged through the machine room shed and the funnel of the liquid hydrogen transport ship in sequence.

9. The arrangement of boil-off gas utilization systems for a liquid hydrogen carrier vessel according to claim 7, wherein, The exhaust gas generated by the decarburization device is discharged through the decarburized exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

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