Skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil fine treatment dehydration device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil fine treatment dehydration device, which relates to the technical field of crude oil and shale oil dehydration, and comprises a skid-mounted seat and a tank body arranged on the skid-mounted seat, a partition plate is arranged in the tank body, and the tank body is divided into a heating bin and a storage bin by the partition plate. The end, close to the heating bin, of the tank body is connected with a feeding pipe, a heating assembly and an automatic drainage assembly used for preventing crude oil from being drained, and the end, close to the storage bin, of the tank body is connected with an oil drainage pipeline. The automatic drainage assembly capable of preventing crude oil from being drained is used for draining water, the situation that oil and water are drained together in the drainage process is avoided, and the technical problems that in an existing dehydration device, water is directly drained through a water outlet, part of oil is likely to be drained out of a tank body together, crude oil resources are wasted, and potential safety hazards exist are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of crude oil and shale oil dehydration, and in particular to a modular crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device. Background Technology

[0002] The water content in crude oil not only increases the load on equipment during storage, transportation, and refining, but also increases fuel consumption during combustion and heating. Furthermore, the presence of salt in the water can cause scaling or corrosion on equipment and pipelines. Therefore, crude oil dehydration has become an indispensable part of oilfield development.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application CN103937532A discloses a crude oil heating and dehydration device and method, belonging to the field of water-containing crude oil dehydration treatment equipment and methods, designed to solve the problem of low separation efficiency in existing devices. The crude oil heating and dehydration device in the aforementioned publication includes a tank and, sequentially connected within the tank, a heating unit, a rectification and demulsification unit, a separation unit, and an oil collection unit. The heating unit is used for preliminary gas-liquid separation and heating of the crude oil; the rectification and demulsification unit demulsifies the crude oil, which is in an oil-water emulsion state after being heated by an electric field; the separation unit separates the crude oil and water in the demulsified liquid; and the oil collection unit removes the dehydrated crude oil.

[0004] The aforementioned public document describes an improved oil-water separation efficiency achieved through a heating dehydration device and method, with water separated from crude oil being discharged directly from the water outlet. However, in actual use, it was found that direct drainage from the water outlet could easily result in some oil being discharged from the tank along with the oil. The water outlet could not prevent crude oil and water from being discharged together, which could easily lead to a waste of crude oil resources. Furthermore, the presence of oil in the water could easily cause a fire in the downstream water tank, posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, which solves the technical problem that existing dehydration devices use water outlets to directly drain water, which easily discharges some oil into the tank, resulting in waste of crude oil resources and safety hazards.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device includes a skid base and a tank body mounted on the skid base. The tank body is equipped with a partition, which divides the tank body into a heating chamber and a storage chamber. An inlet pipe, a heating component, and an automatic drainage component to prevent crude oil discharge are connected to the end of the tank body near the heating chamber. An oil drain line is connected to the end of the tank body near the storage chamber. This application utilizes an automatic drainage component to prevent crude oil discharge, avoiding the situation where oil and water are discharged together during the drainage process. This solves the technical problem in existing dehydration devices where direct drainage from the water outlet easily results in some oil being discharged from the tank, causing waste of crude oil resources.

[0007] Preferably, the heating chamber contains produced water containing demulsifier. This produced water is mixed with pre-treated crude oil entering from the feed pipe for heating. The demulsifier in the pre-treated crude oil reduces its viscosity, increases the density difference between oil and water, and enhances the molecular activity of the demulsifier, thus promoting water droplet coalescence. The heating assembly includes a fire tube mainly housed within the tank and a burner located at the end of the fire tube. The burner is located outside the tank and has a chimney. The fire tube inside the tank forms a heat exchange tube, which is situated within the produced water containing demulsifier. During combustion, the burner transfers high temperatures to the fire tube, while flue gas is discharged along the chimney. The heat exchange tube formed by the fire tube directly heats the material flowing into the feed pipe, raising the temperature to between 45-55°C, achieving oil-water separation. After dehydration by heating in the fire tube, the crude oil and shale oil have a water content of approximately 5%, significantly improving the dehydration effect and greatly reducing the load on the conveying equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the produced water containing the demulsifier is at least 100 mm higher at interface A of the heating chamber than at interface B of the fire tube. This arrangement is to prevent the fire tube from dry burning or for crude oil or shale oil to come into direct contact with the fire tube.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic drainage assembly includes a mechanical automatic drainage valve and a water outlet pipe. The mechanical automatic drainage valve is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the tank body. The mechanical automatic drainage valve, also known as a self-regulating control valve, is a regulating valve that relies on the density, pressure, and temperature of the medium flowing through it as energy to drive the valve to work automatically, without requiring an external power supply or secondary instruments. When crude oil or shale oil is heated, the free water inside is removed, increasing the water level in the heating chamber. This water level enters the mechanical automatic drainage valve, causing the water and oil levels inside to rise continuously. The buoyancy of the valve core inside the mechanical automatic drainage valve is set to allow it to float at the density of water. When the water level reaches a position where the valve core can float, the valve core drives the sealing device to open the mechanical automatic drainage valve, automatically draining the free water. Due to the density difference, the oil always floats on top and returns to the tank along the water outlet pipe connected to the tank body and the mechanical automatic drainage valve, completing the deep dehydration, separation, and external transportation functions of crude oil and shale oil.

[0010] Preferably, a water outlet is provided on the tank corresponding to interface A, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet. This arrangement ensures that water below interface A will not be discharged from the water outlet pipe, guaranteeing that the water in the heating chamber surrounds the fire tube, preventing the fire tube from burning dry or crude oil or shale oil from coming into direct contact with the fire tube.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical distance between the water outlet pipe and the inner wall of the tank bottom is less than the vertical distance between the baffle and the inner wall of the tank bottom. This ensures that the heating chamber formed by the baffle and the tank can sufficiently accommodate the produced water containing demulsifier and the water from the crude oil and shale oil separation process, which is beneficial for initially achieving oil-water separation.

[0012] Preferably, the tank body is equipped with a gas collection assembly, which is connected to the burner. The gas collection assembly is designed to filter and collect the gas separated from the material, ensuring the purity of the natural gas in the gas after filtration.

[0013] Preferably, the gas collection assembly includes a gas collection hood disposed within the tank body, a gas outlet located at the top of the tank body, the gas collection hood positioned at the gas outlet, a mist eliminator disposed within the gas collection hood, and an internal gas supply pipe connected to the gas collection hood, which communicates with the burner. The mist eliminator within the gas collection hood removes particulate matter and water droplets from the gas, thereby improving the purity of the natural gas and promoting the separation of natural gas and water. Furthermore, the internal gas supply pipe directly connects the gas collection hood to the burner, directly utilizing the natural gas separated and processed within the tank to provide fuel for the burner, simplifying the gas supply path for burner combustion and streamlining the overall structure of the dehydration device.

[0014] Preferably, the tank body is equipped with a level display component; the level display component includes a level gauge port on the tank body, and a level gauge is connected to the level gauge port; both the heating chamber and the storage chamber are equipped with level gauge ports. Preferably, the level gauge has a remote transmission function, facilitating the monitoring of level changes in the heating chamber and the storage chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the oil discharge pipeline is equipped with an oil valve and a crude oil flow meter. The oil valve and flow meter facilitate the measurement of the amount of crude oil discharged from the pipeline, thus completing the crude oil measurement work. Furthermore, the oil discharge pipeline is located inside the storage tank, and the vertical distance between the oil discharge port on the pipeline and the inner wall of the bottom of the tank is 50-60 mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This application utilizes an automatic drainage component that prevents crude oil from being discharged, thus avoiding the situation where oil and water are discharged together during the drainage process. This solves the technical problem in existing dehydration devices where direct drainage from the water outlet easily results in some oil being discharged from the tank, causing waste of crude oil resources and posing safety hazards.

[0018] 2. A heating element is connected to the feed pipe to directly heat the material flowing into the feed pipe to a temperature between 45-55°C. The activity of the demulsifier at this temperature is used to achieve oil-water separation. After being heated and dehydrated by the heating element, the crude oil and shale oil have a water content of about 5%, which greatly improves the dehydration effect and significantly reduces the load on the conveying equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tank body of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram, 1 is the tank body, 2 is the baffle, 3 is the feed pipe, 4 is the oil drain line, 5 is the mechanical automatic drain valve, 6 is the fire tube, 7 is the burner, 8 is the gas collection hood, 9 is the internal gas supply pipe, 10 is the water outlet pipe, 11 is the level gauge, 12 is the mist eliminator, and 13 is the chimney. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1: A skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a skid mount and a tank 1 mounted on the skid mount. The tank 1 has a partition 2 inside, dividing it into a heating chamber and a storage chamber. The end of the tank 1 near the heating chamber is connected to a feed pipe 3, a heating assembly, and an automatic drainage assembly to prevent crude oil discharge. The end of the tank 1 near the storage chamber is connected to an oil drain line 4. This application utilizes an automatic drainage assembly to prevent crude oil discharge, avoiding the situation where oil and water are discharged together during the drainage process. This solves the technical problem in existing dehydration devices where direct drainage from the water outlet easily results in some oil being discharged from the tank, leading to a waste of crude oil resources.

[0025] Example 2, based on Example 1, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heating chamber contains produced water containing demulsifier. This produced water, containing demulsifier, is mixed and heated with pre-treated crude oil entering from the feed pipe 3. The demulsifier in the pre-treated crude oil reduces its viscosity, increases the density difference between oil and water, and enhances the molecular activity of the demulsifier, thus promoting water droplet coalescence. The heating assembly includes a fire tube 6 mainly housed within the tank body 1 and a burner 7 located at the end of the fire tube 6. The burner 7 is located outside the tank body 1 and has a chimney 13. The fire tube 6, located within the tank body 1, forms a heat exchange tube and is situated within the produced water containing demulsifier. When the burner 7 is burning, it transfers the high temperature to the fire tube 6, while the flue gas is discharged along the chimney 13. The heat exchange tube formed by the fire tube 6 directly heats the material flowing into the feed pipe 3, heating the incoming material to between 45-55℃, thus achieving oil-water separation. After being heated and dehydrated by the fire tube 6, the crude oil and shale oil have a water content of about 5%, which greatly improves the dehydration effect and greatly reduces the load on the conveying equipment.

[0026] Example 3, based on Example 2, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the produced water containing demulsifier is at least 100 mm higher at interface A of the heating chamber than at interface B of the fire tube 6. This arrangement is to prevent the fire tube 6 from dry burning or from crude oil or shale oil coming into direct contact with the fire tube 6.

[0027] Example 4, based on Example 3, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the automatic drainage assembly includes a mechanical automatic drain valve 5 and a water outlet pipe 10. The mechanical automatic drain valve 5 is connected to the water outlet pipe 10, and the water outlet pipe 10 is connected to the tank body 1. The mechanical automatic drain valve 5 is a drainage device commonly used in pipeline systems for steam, air, and liquids. Its working principle is to achieve automatic drainage of liquids or gases in the pipeline system through mechanisms such as floats, pistons, or diaphragms inside the valve body. When the liquid level or pressure inside the pipeline reaches a certain value, the mechanical automatic drain valve will automatically open to discharge the liquid or gas inside the pipeline, ensuring unobstructed flow in the pipeline system. When crude oil and shale oil are heated, the free water inside is removed, increasing the water level in the heating chamber. This water enters the mechanical automatic drain valve 5, causing the water and oil levels inside the valve to rise continuously. The buoyancy of the valve core inside the mechanical automatic drain valve 5 is set to allow it to float at the density of water. When the water level reaches a position where the valve core can float, the valve core drives the sealing device to open the mechanical automatic drain valve 5, automatically draining the free water. Due to the density difference, the oil always floats on top and returns to the tank through the outlet pipe 10 connected to the self-regulating valve 5, completing the deep dehydration, separation, and external transportation functions of crude oil and shale oil. The mechanical automatic drain valve 5 uses a CTS-YII-16 DN50 model valve.

[0028] Example 5, based on Example 4, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a water outlet is provided on the tank 1 corresponding to interface A, and the water outlet pipe 10 is connected to the water outlet. This arrangement ensures that water below interface A will not be discharged from the water outlet pipe 10, guaranteeing that the water in the heating chamber will surround the fire tube 6, thus preventing the fire tube 6 from burning dry or the crude oil or shale oil from coming into direct contact with the fire tube 6.

[0029] Example 6, based on Example 5, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the vertical distance between the water outlet pipe 10 and the bottom inner wall of the tank 1 is less than the vertical distance between the partition 2 and the bottom inner wall of the tank 1. This ensures that the heating chamber formed by the partition 2 and the tank 1 can sufficiently accommodate the produced water containing demulsifier and the water from the crude oil and shale oil separation process, which is beneficial for the initial realization of oil-water separation.

[0030] Example 7, based on Example 6, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the tank 1 is equipped with a gas collection assembly, which is connected to the burner 7. The gas collection assembly is designed to filter and collect the gas separated from the material, ensuring the purity of the natural gas in the gas after filtration.

[0031] Example 8, based on Example 7, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the gas collection assembly includes a gas collection hood 8 disposed within a tank 1, a gas outlet at the top of the tank 1, and the gas collection hood 8 positioned at the gas outlet. A mist eliminator 12 is installed inside the gas collection hood 8, and an internal gas supply pipe 9 is connected to the gas collection hood 8, which is connected to a burner 7. The mist eliminator 12 inside the gas collection hood 8 removes particulate matter and water droplets from the gas, thereby improving the purity of the natural gas and promoting the separation of natural gas and water. Furthermore, the internal gas supply pipe 9 directly connects the gas collection hood 8 to the burner 7, directly utilizing the natural gas separated and processed within the tank 1 to provide fuel for the burner 7. This simplifies the gas supply path for the burner 7 and streamlines the overall structure of the dehydration device.

[0032] Example 9, based on any one of Examples 1 to 8, a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the tank 1 is equipped with a level display component; the level display component includes a level gauge port on the tank 1, and a level gauge 11 is connected to the level gauge port; both the heating chamber and the storage chamber are equipped with level gauge ports. Preferably, the level gauge has a remote transmission function, which facilitates monitoring the changes in the liquid level in the heating chamber and the storage chamber.

[0033] Example 10, based on Example 9, provides a skid-mounted crude oil and shale oil refining and dehydration device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the oil drain line 4 is equipped with an oil valve and a crude oil flow meter. The oil valve and flow meter facilitate the measurement of the amount of crude oil discharged from the oil drain line 4, thus completing the measurement of the crude oil. Furthermore, the oil drain line 4 is located inside the storage tank, and the vertical distance between the oil drain port on the oil drain line 4 and the bottom inner wall of the tank body 1 is 50-60 mm.

[0034] In Example 10, the heating chamber contains produced water containing demulsifier. This produced water is mixed with pre-treated crude oil entering from the feed pipe 3. The pre-treated crude oil contains demulsifier, and a portion of the gas separated from the pre-treated crude oil enters the gas collection hood 8. The mist eliminator 12 inside the gas collection hood 8 removes particulate matter and water droplets from the gas to improve the purity of the natural gas. The gas collection hood 8 is directly connected to the burner 7 via the internal gas pipe 9. The natural gas separated from the gas in the tank 1 directly fuels the burner 7. The burner 7 is started, and it transfers high temperature to the fire tube 6. Simultaneously, the flue gas is discharged along the chimney 13. The heat exchange tubes formed by the fire tube 6 directly heat the material flowing into the feed pipe 3, heating it to between 45-55°C, achieving oil-water separation. After being heated and dehydrated, the crude oil and shale oil in the fire tube 6 pass through the partition 2 and enter the storage chamber. The water, which has been heated and separated by the fire tube 6, carries some oil along the water outlet pipe 10 into the mechanical automatic drain valve 5. The water and oil levels in the mechanical automatic drain valve 5 rise continuously. The buoyancy of the valve core inside the mechanical automatic drain valve 5 is set so that it can float at the density of water. When the water level reaches the position where the valve core can float, the valve core drives the sealing device to open the mechanical automatic drain valve 5, and the free water is automatically discharged. Due to the density difference, the oil always floats on top and returns to the tank along the water outlet pipe 10 connected to the tank body 1 and the mechanical automatic drain valve 5, completing the dehydration and drainage process of this application. After the crude oil and shale oil are dehydrated and enter the storage chamber, they can be collected by opening the oil discharge pipeline 4.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil refining treatment dehydration device comprising a skid base and a tank body (1) arranged on the skid base, characterized in that, The tank body (1) is provided with a partition plate (2), and the tank body (1) is divided into a heating bin and a storage bin by the partition plate (2), one end of the tank body (1) near the heating bin is connected with a feeding pipe (3), a heating assembly and an automatic drainage assembly for preventing crude oil from being discharged, and one end of the tank body (1) near the storage bin is connected with a crude oil discharge pipeline (4).

2. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil treatment and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating bin is provided with produced water containing a demulsifier, the heating assembly comprises a fire barrel (6) arranged in the tank body (1) and a burner (7) arranged at an end of the fire barrel (6), the burner (7) is located outside the tank body (1), the burner (7) is provided with a chimney (13), the fire barrel (6) located in the tank body (1) forms a heat exchange pipe, and the fire barrel (6) is located in the produced water containing the demulsifier.

3. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil treatment and dehydration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The produced water containing the demulsifier is higher than an interface B where the fire barrel (6) is located by at least 100 mm at an interface A of the heating bin.

4. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil treatment and dehydration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic drainage assembly comprises a mechanical automatic drainage valve (5) and a water outlet pipe (10), the mechanical automatic drainage valve (5) is connected with the water outlet pipe (10), and the water outlet pipe (10) is connected with the tank body (1).

5. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water dehydration unit of claim 4, wherein: A water outlet is arranged on the tank body (1) corresponding to the interface A, and the water outlet pipe (10) is connected with the water outlet.

6. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water dehydration unit of claim 5, wherein: A vertical distance between the water outlet pipe (10) and an inner wall of a bottom of the tank body (1) is smaller than a vertical distance between the partition plate (2) and the inner wall of the bottom of the tank body (1).

7. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water dehydration unit of claim 6, wherein: The tank body (1) is provided with a gas collecting assembly, and the gas collecting assembly is communicated with the burner (7).

8. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water dehydration unit of claim 7, wherein: The gas collecting assembly comprises a gas collecting cover (8) arranged in the tank body (1), an air outlet arranged at a top of the tank body (1), the gas collecting cover (8) is arranged at the air outlet, a mist catcher (12) is arranged in the gas collecting cover (8), an internal gas conveying pipe (9) is connected with the gas collecting cover (8), and the internal gas conveying pipe (9) is communicated with the burner (7).

9. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The tank body (1) is provided with a material level display assembly, the material level display assembly comprises a liquid level gauge port arranged on the tank body (1), and a liquid level gauge (11) is connected with the liquid level gauge port; the heating bin and the storage bin are respectively provided with the liquid level gauge port.

10. The skid-mounted crude oil, shale oil, refined oil, and water dehydration unit of claim 9, wherein: The crude oil discharge pipeline (4) is provided with an oil valve and a crude oil flowmeter.

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