Motor positive and negative rotation control circuit and system and clothes airing machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520198472.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-08
AI Technical Summary
In existing motor control systems, the switching speed of single-pole double-throw relays is limited, resulting in poor motor control accuracy and stability. Furthermore, the circuit expandability is limited, it occupies a large PCB board space, and the cost is high.
An H-bridge circuit composed of MOSFETs is used to replace the single-pole double-throw relay. Combined with parallel bypass capacitors and resistors, an energy release circuit is formed to realize the forward and reverse rotation control of the motor.
It improves the accuracy and stability of motor control, enhances the scalability of the circuit, reduces the space occupied by the PCB board, and lowers the cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN224021636U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electronic circuit, in particular, the present disclosure relates to a motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit, system and clothes drying machine. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the existing motor control, in order to realize the function of forward and reverse rotation, two single pole double throw relays are used to form a circuit. However, the switching speed of single pole double throw relay is limited, and the relay contact may produce jitter or delay in the switching process, which affects the accuracy and stability of motor control; and due to the limitation of relay, the expansibility of the circuit is limited, which occupies a larger space on the PCB board and has a higher cost. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0003] The present disclosure provides a motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit, system and clothes drying machine to solve at least one of the above technical problems. The technical solution is as follows:
[0004] In the first aspect, the present disclosure provides a motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit, comprising:
[0005] The first module comprises an H-bridge circuit composed of MOS tubes, and the H-bridge circuit is connected with two ports of the motor respectively;
[0006] The second module comprises a bypass capacitor and a first resistor in parallel;
[0007] The first module is connected with a control chip, a power supply, a ground and a port providing working voltage respectively; the positive terminal of the second module is connected on the branch of the first module, the power supply and the port providing working voltage, and the other end is grounded.
[0008] In a feasible embodiment, the first module comprises:
[0009] The first driving unit connected with the first port of the motor, and the first PMOS tube and the first NMOS tube connected with the first port of the motor through the drain;
[0010] The second driving unit connected with the second port of the motor, and the second PMOS tube and the second NMOS tube connected with the second port of the motor through the drain;
[0011] The first driving unit is connected with the control chip, the power supply, the gate of the first PMOS tube and the gate of the first NMOS tube respectively; the second driving unit is connected with the control chip, the power supply, the gate of the second PMOS tube and the gate of the second NMOS tube respectively; the source of the first PMOS tube and the source of the second PMOS tube are connected with the power supply; and the source of the first NMOS tube and the source of the second NMOS tube are grounded.
[0012] In an available embodiment, a diode is connected between the drain and the source of each MOS tube in the H-bridge circuit.
[0013] In an available embodiment, the source and the gate of the first PMOS tube and the source and the gate of the second PMOS tube are connected with the power supply respectively; the gate of the first PMOS tube is further connected with the first control port of the control chip; the gate of the first NMOS tube is connected with the first PWM port of the control chip; the gate of the second PMOS tube is connected with the second control port of the control chip; and the gate of the second NMOS tube is connected with the second PWM port of the control chip.
[0014] In an available embodiment, the first driving unit comprises a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first triode and a second triode.
[0015] The base of the first triode is connected with the first control port of the control chip, the collector is connected with the first end of the second resistor and the base of the second triode, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the second triode is connected with the first end of the fourth resistor, and the emitter is grounded; the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor are connected with the source of the first PMOS tube; and the first end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor are connected with the gate of the first PMOS tube.
[0016] In an available embodiment, the second driving unit comprises a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third triode and a fourth triode.
[0017] The base of the third triode is connected with the second control port of the control chip, the collector is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor and the base of the fourth triode, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the fourth triode is connected with the first end of the seventh resistor, and the emitter is grounded; the second end of the sixth resistor and the second end of the fifth resistor are connected with the source of the second PMOS tube; and the first end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the seventh resistor are connected with the gate of the second PMOS tube.
[0018] In one feasible embodiment, the first driving unit includes an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor;
[0019] Wherein, the first end of the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor are connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first PWM port of the control chip;
[0020] And / or, the second driving unit includes a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor; wherein, the first end of the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor, the second end of the tenth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the second PWM port of the control chip.
[0021] In one feasible embodiment, a diode is further included, with the positive terminal connected to the port providing the operating voltage and the negative terminal connected to the positive terminal of the second module and the first module.
[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a motor forward and reverse rotation control system, including:
[0023] Electric motor;
[0024] Control chip;
[0025] A motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit provided by a first aspect and any embodiment thereof, which are respectively connected to the motor and the control chip.
[0026] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a clothes drying rack, including a main unit and a drying rod assembly connected to the main unit; the main unit is equipped with a motor forward and reverse rotation control system provided in the second aspect.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are:
[0028] In one aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit, the circuit comprising a first module and a second module, the first module comprising an H-bridge circuit composed of MOS tubes, the H-bridge circuit being connected with two ports of the motor respectively; the second module comprising a bypass capacitor and a first resistor in parallel; wherein the first module is connected with a control chip, a power supply, a ground and a port providing working voltage respectively; the positive terminal of the second module is connected on a branch where the first module is connected with the power supply and the port providing working voltage, and the other end is grounded. The circuit provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure uses the H-bridge circuit composed of MOS tubes to replace two single-pole double-throw relays in the prior art to realize the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, which eliminates the limitation of the relays, is conducive to improving the precision and stability of motor control, and improving the scalability of the circuit; in addition, through the arrangement of the second module, an energy release loop is formed, which can effectively simplify the circuit, reduce the occupied space in the PCB, and reduce the cost.
[0029] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a clothes airing machine, comprising a host and an airing rod assembly connected with the host. Wherein the motor forward and reverse rotation control system arranged in the host comprises a motor, a control chip and the motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit provided by the above embodiment. The hardware basis provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the scalability of circuit control in the clothes airing machine, reduce the production cost of the clothes airing machine, and better meet the high requirements of the clothes airing machine on motor control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced.
[0031] Figure 1 A module block diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present disclosure. It should be understood that the embodiments described below in conjunction with the drawings are exemplary descriptions for explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0034] Those skilled in the art can understand that the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein also include the plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "include" and "contain" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure mean that the corresponding features can be implemented as the features, elements and / or components shown, but do not exclude other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof supported by the present technology. It should be understood that when we say that an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, the element can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or it can mean that the element and the other element establish a connection relationship through an intermediate element. In addition, "connected" or "coupled" used herein can include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" used herein indicates that at least one of the items defined by the term, for example, "A and / or B" can be implemented as "A", or as "B", or as "A and B".
[0035] For the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure to be clearer, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and the technical effects produced by the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described below through the description of several exemplary embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below can be mutually referenced, borrowed or combined. For the same terms, similar features and similar implementation steps in different embodiments, they will not be described repeatedly.
[0037] The following will be described in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The motor forward and reverse control circuit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.
[0038] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the motor forward and reverse control circuit includes a first module and a second module.
[0039] The first module includes an H-bridge circuit composed of MOS tubes, and the H-bridge circuit can be connected with two ports (such as M1 and M2) of the motor respectively.
[0040] As shown in Figure 2 , the second module includes a bypass capacitor CE1 and a resistor R13 connected in parallel. From the overall module, the positive terminal of the second module is connected on the branch of the first module and the power supply V+ and the port (such as 24V port) providing working voltage, and the other end is grounded. In an example, the positive terminal of the bypass capacitor CE1 is connected with the circuit line of the power supply V+, and the other end is grounded; the positive terminal of the second module is determined by the positive terminal of the bypass capacitor CE1.
[0041] The H-bridge circuit composed of MOS tubes is adopted in the embodiments of the present disclosure to replace two single-pole double-throw relays in the prior art to realize the forward and reverse rotation control of the motor, so that the circuit can be free from the limitation of the relays, the accuracy and stability of the motor control can be improved, the scalability of the circuit can be improved, the space occupied by the circuit in the PCB board can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
[0042] In an available embodiment, the first module includes a first driving unit, a first PMOS tube and a first NMOS tube connected with a first port M1 of the motor, and a second driving unit, a second PMOS tube and a second NMOS tube connected with a second port M2 of the motor. The H-bridge circuit of the embodiments of the present disclosure includes two N+PMOS tubes.
[0043] Optionally, the drain of the first PMOS tube and the first NMOS tube is connected with the first port M1 of the motor. The first driving unit is connected with a control chip MCU, a power supply V+, a gate of the first PMOS tube and a gate of the first NMOS tube, respectively.
[0044] Optionally, the drain of the second PMOS tube and the second NMOS tube is connected with the second port M2 of the motor. The second driving unit is connected with the control chip MCU, the power supply V+, a gate of the second PMOS tube and a gate of the second NMOS tube, respectively.
[0045] In the above, the source of the first PMOS tube and the second PMOS tube is connected with the power supply V+, and the source of the first NMOS tube and the second NMOS tube is grounded. The first module is also connected with a port providing working voltage (such as 24V input). For example, the first driving unit in the first module and the source of the first PMOS tube are connected with the port providing working voltage, respectively.
[0046] Optionally, in the circuit laid out in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a diode is connected between the drain and the source of each MOS tube in the H-bridge circuit. That is, a diode is connected between the drain and the source of the first PMOS tube, the first NMOS tube, the second PMOS tube and the second NMOS tube.
[0047] In an example, the drain of the first PMOS tube Q2 is connected with the anode of the diode, and the source is connected with the cathode of the diode. The drain of the first NMOS tube Q8 is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the source is connected with the anode of the diode. The drain of the second PMOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the diode, and the source is connected with the cathode of the diode. The drain of the second NMOS tube Q7 is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the source is connected with the anode of the diode.
[0048] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the back electromotive force energy release loop is formed by the second module and the diode inside the H-bridge MOS tube, which can effectively ensure the normal operation of the motor, assist in releasing the energy stored in the circuit, and avoid damage to the circuit.
[0049] In a feasible embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 The source and the gate of the first PMOS tube and the second PMOS tube are connected with the power supply, respectively. The gate of the first PMOS tube is also connected with the first control port M_UP of the control chip MCU. The gate of the first NMOS tube is connected with the first PWM port M_UP_PWM of the control chip MCU. The gate of the second PMOS tube is also connected with the second control port M_DWN of the control chip MCU. The gate of the second NMOS tube is connected with the second PWM port M_DMN_PWM of the control chip MCU.
[0050] In a feasible embodiment, the first driving unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R5, a transistor Q3 and a transistor Q4; the second driving unit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a transistor Q5 and a transistor Q6. The first driving unit and the second driving unit constitute a transistor control circuit to control the two PMOS tubes.
[0051] Optionally, in the first driving unit, the base of the transistor Q4 is connected with the first control port M_UP of the control chip MCU, the collector is connected with the first end of the resistor R1 and the base of the transistor Q3, and the emitter is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q3 is connected with the first end of the resistor R5, and the emitter is grounded. The second end of the resistor R1 and the second end of the resistor R2 are connected with the source of the first PMOS tube. The first end of the resistor R2 and the second end of the resistor R5 are connected with the gate of the first PMOS tube.
[0052] Optionally, in the second driving unit, the base of the transistor Q5 is connected with the second control port M_DWN of the control chip MCU, the collector is connected with the first end of the resistor R3 and the base of the transistor Q6, and the emitter is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q6 is connected with the first end of the resistor R6, and the emitter is grounded. The second end of the resistor R3 and the second end of the resistor R4 are connected with the source of the second PMOS tube. The first end of the resistor R4 and the second end of the resistor R6 are connected with the gate of the second PMOS tube.
[0053] In an example, the first driving unit further includes a resistor R7 and a resistor R11. Wherein, the first ends of the resistor R7 and the resistor R11 are connected with the gate of the first NMOS tube, the second end of the resistor R7 is grounded, and the second end of the resistor R11 is connected with the first PWM port M_UP_PWM of the control chip MCU.
[0054] In an example, the second driving unit further comprises a resistor R8 and a resistor R12. The first ends of the resistor R8 and the resistor R12 are connected with the gate of the second NMOS tube, the second end of the resistor R8 is grounded, and the second end of the resistor R12 is connected with the second PWM port M_DWN_PWM of the control chip MCU.
[0055] In an example, the first driving unit further comprises a resistor R9 connected between the first control port M_UP of the control chip MCU and the base of the triode Q4. The second driving unit further comprises a resistor R10 connected between the second control port M_DWN of the control chip MCU and the base of the triode Q5.
[0056] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the configuration of the resistor R9 and the resistor R10 can play the roles of current limiting protection, stable working point, and improved anti-interference capability. For example, when the triode works abnormally, the base current can increase sharply, and the configuration of the resistor can play the role of current limiting to protect the control chip MCU from damage.
[0057] In a feasible embodiment, the motor forward and reverse control circuit provided further comprises a diode D1 with the positive electrode connected with the port providing working voltage and the negative electrode connected with the positive electrode of the second module and the first module (for example, connected with the source of the first PMOS tube and the source of the second PMOS tube). The configuration of the diode D1 can prevent the back electromotive force peak voltage from returning to the 24V port, which affects the normal operation of the MCU.
[0058] The working principle of the motor forward and reverse control circuit described above is described below.
[0059] In the static state, the four signals M_UP, M_UP_PWM, M_DWN, and M_DWN_PWM output by the port of the control chip MCU are all low levels, at this time, the triode Q3 and the triode Q6 are turned on, the second PMOS tube Q1 and the first PMOS tube Q2 are also turned on, the triode Q4 and the triode Q5 are turned off, and the second NMOS tube Q7 and the first NMOS tube Q8 are turned off.
[0060] When the motor needs to be forward rotated, a high level is first output through the M UP signal, at this time the triode Q4 is turned on to make the triode Q3 turned off and the GS pole of the first PMOS tube Q2 has no negative voltage to be turned off, and then a PWM from 0-100% is output through the M UP PWM signal to make the motor realize slow start, at this time the second PMOS tube Q1 and the first NMOS tube Q8 of the H bridge are turned on, the first PMOS tube Q2 and the second NMOS tube Q7 are turned off, the second port M2 of the motor is positive, the first port M1 of the motor is negative, and the motor realizes forward rotation; when the motor needs to be stopped, a PWM from 100-0% is first output through the M UP PWM signal to make the motor realize slow stop, and then a low level is output through the M UP signal to make the first PMOS tube Q2 turned on.
[0061] The working principle of the motor back electromotive force energy release circuit is as follows: when the motor is completely stopped in forward rotation, the first NMOS tube Q8 is turned off, the motor back electromotive force current flows from M1 to the internal diode of the first PMOS tube Q2 to return to V+, then flows through the bypass capacitor CE1 and the resistor R13 to return to the ground, and then flows from the ground to the internal diode of the second NMOS tube Q7 to return to M2, forming a back electromotive force energy release loop; after the first NMOS tube Q8 is turned off and the first PMOS tube Q2 is turned on, the second PMOS tube Q1 is also turned on, and the remaining motor back electromotive force forms a loop through the first PMOS tube Q2 and the second PMOS tube Q1 to completely release the energy. The diode D1 functions to isolate the motor and prevent the back electromotive force peak voltage from returning to the 24V terminal to affect the control chip MCU.
[0062] The reverse rotation principle of the motor is the same as the above-mentioned forward rotation principle of the motor, and the embodiments of the present disclosure will not be described here.
[0063] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a motor forward and reverse rotation control system, which comprises a motor, a control chip and the motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.
[0064] As shown in Figure 2 , the four ports of the control chip MCU output four signals M UP, M UP_PWM, M DWN and M DWN_PWM, which respectively realize the forward and reverse rotation control of the motor.
[0065] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a clothes drying machine, which comprises a host and a two-rod assembly connected with the host. The host is provided with the motor forward and reverse rotation control system provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, which comprises a motor, a control chip and the motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.
[0066] In an example, the forward and reverse rotation control of the motor can realize the lifting control of the drying rod assembly.
[0067] The hardware basis provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the scalability of circuit control in the clothes airing machine, reduce the production cost of the clothes airing machine, and better meet the high requirements of the clothes airing machine on motor control.
[0068] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "1", "2", and the like (if any) in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described.
[0069] The above only describes some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present disclosure, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit, characterized in that, include: The first module includes an H-bridge circuit composed of MOS transistors, which is connected to two ports of the motor respectively. The second module includes a parallel bypass capacitor and a first resistor; The first module is connected to the control chip, the power supply, ground, and the port that provides the operating voltage, respectively; the positive terminal of the second module is connected to the branch where the first module is connected to the power supply and the port that provides the operating voltage, and the other end is grounded.
2. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first module includes: A first drive unit connected to the first port of the motor, and a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor connected to the first port of the motor through their drains; and, a second drive unit connected to the second port of the motor, and a second PMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected to the second port of the motor through their drains; The first driving unit is connected to the control chip, the power supply, the gate of the first PMOS transistor, and the gate of the first NMOS transistor, respectively; the second driving unit is connected to the control chip, the power supply, the gate of the second PMOS transistor, and the gate of the second NMOS transistor, respectively; the sources of the first PMOS transistor and the second PMOS transistor are connected to the power supply; and the sources of the first NMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor are grounded.
3. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A diode is connected between the drain and source of each MOS transistor in the H-bridge circuit.
4. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The source and gate of the first PMOS transistor and the second PMOS transistor are respectively connected to the power supply; the gate of the first PMOS transistor is also connected to the first control port of the control chip; the gate of the first NMOS transistor is connected to the first PWM port of the control chip; the gate of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the second control port of the control chip; and the gate of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the second PWM port of the control chip.
5. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving unit includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first transistor, and a second transistor; In this configuration, the base of the first transistor is connected to the first control port of the control chip, the collector is connected to the first end of the second resistor and the base of the second transistor, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and the emitter is grounded; the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor are connected to the source of the first PMOS transistor; and the first end of the third resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor are connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor.
6. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second driving unit includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third transistor, and a fourth transistor; The base of the third transistor is connected to the second control port of the control chip, the collector is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor and the base of the fourth transistor, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the fourth transistor is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor, and the emitter is grounded; the second ends of the sixth resistor and the second ends of the fifth resistor are connected to the source of the second PMOS transistor; the first ends of the fifth resistor and the second ends of the seventh resistor are connected to the gate of the second PMOS transistor.
7. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving unit includes an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor; wherein, the first end of the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor are connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first PWM port of the control chip; And / or, the second driving unit includes a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor; wherein, the first end of the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor, the second end of the tenth resistor is grounded, and the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the second PWM port of the control chip.
8. The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a diode whose positive terminal is connected to the port that provides the operating voltage, and whose negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second module and the first module.
9. A motor forward and reverse rotation control system, characterized in that, include: Electric motor; Control chip; The motor forward and reverse rotation control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is connected to the motor and the control chip respectively.
10. A clothes drying rack, characterized in that, It includes a main unit and a drying rod assembly connected to the main unit; the main unit is equipped with the motor forward and reverse rotation control system as described in claim 9.