Table tennis bat

Abstract

The utility model provides a table tennis bat relates to the technical field of intelligent sports equipment, the table tennis bat includes: including handle and bottom plate, bottom plate is by base material layer, eight layer panel layer and the superlight carbon felt piece of being clamped between each layer constitutes, superlight carbon felt piece mixes into piezoelectric ceramic piece. Bottom plate integration pressure response chip and micro acceleration sensor, handle built -in energy collection device and bluetooth module. Pressure response chip and acceleration sensor are connected bluetooth module and energy collection device respectively, can gather the ball pressure and motion acceleration data in real time to the external device through bluetooth module wireless transmission. The structure not only has promoted the rigidity, stability and damping performance of bottom plate, has also realized the intelligent perception and wireless transmission of the ball data, is helpful to the scientific training and technical analysis of athlete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent sports equipment technology, and in particular to a base plate and a table tennis racket. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in competitive sports, the performance of a table tennis racket directly affects an athlete's shot quality, control accuracy, and physical load during long-term training. Traditional table tennis racket blades mostly use pure wood or simple composite materials, relying on the natural properties of wood (such as elasticity and hardness) to provide basic shot feedback. However, with the improvement of competitive levels and the development of sports science, existing technology has gradually revealed the following problems:

[0003] Insufficient vibration and shock absorption: Traditional wood or single carbon fiber laminate structures are prone to high-frequency vibrations during high-speed ball strikes, which can easily lead to muscle fatigue and even chronic injuries in athletes' arms with long-term use. Especially during powerful smashes or frequent defensive plays, the lack of an effective energy dissipation mechanism causes the impact shock to be directly transmitted to the wrist and elbow, exacerbating the risk of sports injuries.

[0004] Limitations in structural stability and resilience: Existing blades mostly rely on static material combinations (such as a simple superposition of wood and carbon fiber), making it difficult to quickly return to their original state after severe deformation, resulting in decreased consistency in hitting the ball. In addition, changes in temperature and humidity can easily cause uneven stress between layers, affecting the blade's lifespan and performance stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to propose a new type of table tennis racket blade that improves the overall performance of the blade, reduces muscle damage to athletes, reduces fatigue, and improves user comfort.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A table tennis racket blade includes: a base layer and eight face layers;

[0008] Four panel layers are superimposed on each side of the substrate layer;

[0009] An ultralight carbon felt is disposed between two adjacent panel layers and between the panel layer and the substrate layer.

[0010] Optionally, a honeycomb aerogel buffer structure is provided in at least one of the substrate layer and the eight panel layers.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include a shape memory alloy wire layer;

[0012] The shape memory alloy wire layer is disposed between the ultralight carbon felt, the panel layer, and the substrate layer.

[0013] Optionally, the carbon fibers in the ultralight carbon felt are in an orthogonal woven structure.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the panel layer is 0.5~0.6mm.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5 to 1.8 mm.

[0016] Optionally, piezoelectric ceramic sheets are mixed into the ultralight carbon felt.

[0017] A table tennis racket, comprising a handle and a base plate as described in the above technical solution;

[0018] The base of the table tennis racket includes a striking part and a handle part that are connected to each other;

[0019] The handles are located on both sides of the handle section.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a pressure sensing chip and a miniature accelerometer disposed within the panel layer, as well as an energy harvesting device and a Bluetooth module disposed within the handle;

[0021] The pressure sensing chip and the miniature accelerometer are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module and the energy harvesting device.

[0022] The pressure sensing chip and the miniature accelerometer are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module, and the Bluetooth module is used to transmit the data detected by the pressure sensing chip and the miniature accelerometer to an external device.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0024] The multi-layered structural design, with ultra-lightweight carbon felt sheets placed between adjacent panel layers and between the panel and substrate layers, significantly enhances the overall rigidity and stability of the blade. This ensures the blade is less prone to deformation during high-speed shots, thereby improving accuracy and consistency. Furthermore, the carbon fiber in the ultra-lightweight carbon felt provides excellent tensile strength and rigidity, further enhancing the overall structural stability and preventing material failure or damage caused by localized stress concentration. Due to the significantly improved stability and shock absorption performance of the blade, athletes experience less muscle strain, reduced fatigue, and improved grip comfort during use. Therefore, this multi-layered structural design not only optimizes the blade's force transmission path but also effectively enhances the overall user experience for athletes. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and other features and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of a ping-pong paddle provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view of a ping-pong paddle provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The first structure in the enlarged view of part A in the image;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The second structure in the enlarged view of part A in the image;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a ping-pong paddle with an aerogel buffer structure in the substrate layer and / or panel layer, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Base plate, 2. Handle, 3. Substrate layer, 4. Panel layer, 5. Ultralight carbon felt, 6. Aerogel cushioning structure, 7. Pressure sensing chip, 8. Miniature accelerometer, 9. Bluetooth module, 10. Energy harvesting device, 11. Memory alloy wire layer.

[0033] 01. Striking part; 02. Handle part. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0035] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” and “the” are used to indicate the existence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended meaning of inclusion and that other elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of a ping-pong paddle provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a side view of a ping-pong paddle provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The first structure in the enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The second structure in the enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a table tennis racket with an aerogel cushioning structure in the substrate layer and / or panel layer, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model. The above schematic diagram is only for illustrating the structural relationships related to the utility model and is not intended to represent the actual scale of a real product. Example

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the base plate of a table tennis racket in this embodiment includes: a base material layer 3 and eight panel layers 4; four panel layers 4 are superimposed on each side of the base material layer 3; and an ultra-light carbon felt sheet 5 is provided between two adjacent panel layers 4 and between the panel layer 4 and the base material layer 3.

[0038] The base layer 3 is the core part of the table tennis racket blade 1, and is usually made of multiple layers of pressed wood. Common wood types include Ayous, Koto, and Limba. These woods are selected because of their unique physical properties.

[0039] Ayous: Lightweight and elastic, providing good ball control.

[0040] Hinoki: It has high hardness and is suitable for fast-attacking players, providing greater hitting power.

[0041] Limba: Possesses excellent flexibility and control, making him suitable for players who pursue a balanced playing style.

[0042] The choice of substrate layer 3 directly affects the hardness, elasticity and overall feel of the substrate 1.

[0043] The panel layer 4 is located on both sides of the substrate layer 3, and its main function is to further adjust the performance characteristics of the base plate 1. The panel layer 4 can be made of the same wood as the substrate layer 3. The design of stacking four panel layers 4 on each side may be to enhance the stability and durability of the base plate 1, while adjusting the elasticity and feel of the base plate 1 through the combination of different materials.

[0044] Ultralight carbon felt 5 is a special composite material commonly used in sports equipment, aerospace, and other fields to enhance structural performance. Its application in the table tennis racket blade 1 is primarily to optimize vibration absorption, increase stability, and improve feel. The following are the main characteristics and advantages of ultralight carbon felt 5:

[0045] Lightweight and high-strength: Despite its extremely light weight, carbon felt has high strength and rigidity, which allows it to significantly improve the stability of the structure without significantly increasing the overall weight.

[0046] Excellent shock absorption performance: Carbon felt can effectively absorb and disperse vibration energy, reducing the vibration transmitted to the athlete's arm when hitting the ball, thus providing a more comfortable feel and helping to protect the athlete from long-term vibration injuries.

[0047] Good flexibility and adaptability: Although the ultralight carbon felt itself is rigid, it retains a certain degree of flexibility after being made into thin sheets, which can fit well into different surface shapes and is suitable for various complex structural designs.

[0048] Excellent chemical stability: Ultralight carbon felt material has good resistance to most chemicals and is not easily corroded or degraded, which ensures its reliability and durability for long-term use.

[0049] Thermal stability: It has excellent high-temperature resistance and can maintain its physical properties even under extreme temperatures, which is very important for the use of sports equipment in different environments.

[0050] By placing ultralight carbon felt sheets 5 between adjacent panel layers 4 and between panel layer 4 and substrate layer 3, vibration can be effectively reduced, improving the consistency and stability of the blade 1. In addition, the ultralight carbon felt sheets 5 also provide a certain degree of cushioning, making the feel of hitting the ball softer.

[0051] Use specialized adhesives or resins to firmly bond the layers together. Apply the adhesive evenly and meticulously, ensuring each layer makes full contact and bonds. During the bonding process, jigs or presses are typically used to apply uniform pressure to the laminated structure, helping the adhesive penetrate and cure better.

[0052] In one embodiment, a honeycomb aerogel buffer structure 6 is provided in at least one of the substrate layer 3 and the eight panel layers 4.

[0053] Aerogel is a solid material with extremely low density and high porosity, typically made of silica or other materials. Its main characteristics include excellent thermal insulation, lightweight, and good mechanical cushioning. Integrating aerogel into the table tennis racket blade 1 allows for optimization of the blade's performance through its unique physical properties.

[0054] Multiple blind holes (not penetrating the entire thickness) or through holes (penetrating the entire thickness) are pre-drilled in the substrate layer 3 and / or panel layer 4. These holes are distributed in a certain arrangement to form a honeycomb-like structure.

[0055] The location, size, and shape of the holes can be adjusted according to specific needs to achieve optimal mechanical properties and weight balance.

[0056] Aerogel material is filled into these blind or through holes. The aerogel can be a pre-formed block or a liquid that is injected and then cured.

[0057] During the filling process, it is necessary to ensure that the aerogel is tightly bonded to the surrounding materials to avoid gaps or loosening.

[0058] After filling, the surface of the aerogel-filled part is smoothed to ensure that the surface of the substrate layer 3 and / or panel layer 4 is smooth and without protrusions, so as not to affect subsequent processing and use.

[0059] The high porosity of aerogel gives it excellent energy absorption properties, which can effectively absorb and disperse the vibration energy generated during the shot, providing a more comfortable feel.

[0060] In one embodiment, a shape memory alloy wire layer 11 is also included; the shape memory alloy wire layer 11 is disposed between the ultralight carbon felt 5 and the panel layer 4 and the substrate layer 3.

[0061] Shape memory alloys are special alloys that possess shape memory effect or superelasticity. They can recover their original shape after being deformed by external force, making them very useful in applications requiring high elastic recovery.

[0062] One or more layers of shape memory alloy wire mesh or wire layers are embedded between the ultralight carbon felt 5, the panel layer 4, and the substrate layer 3. These shape memory alloy wires can be arranged in specific patterns, such as grids or spirals, to enhance their mechanical properties.

[0063] The thickness and density of the shape memory alloy wire layer 11 can be adjusted according to specific needs to balance the relationship between flexibility and rigidity.

[0064] First, lay an ultralight carbon felt 5 on the substrate layer 3 or the panel layer 4, and then place a pre-prepared shape memory alloy wire layer 11 on it.

[0065] Ensure that the shape memory alloy wire layer 11 is flat and tightly adhered, and avoid wrinkles or gaps.

[0066] Next, continue to add the upper panel layer 4 or other structural layers, and use appropriate adhesives to fix the layers together.

[0067] After the stacking assembly is completed, the entire structure is placed in a press or fixture to apply uniform pressure and then cured to ensure that each layer is tightly bonded.

[0068] After curing, the base plate 1 is finely processed, including cutting to the final size and grinding the edges.

[0069] The shape memory alloy wire layer 11 provides additional elastic recovery force, allowing the blade 1 to return to its original shape more quickly upon impact, thereby improving the speed and accuracy of the shot. Combined with the shock absorption properties of the ultralight carbon felt 5, the shape memory alloy wire layer 11 further enhances the overall shock absorption capability of the blade 1, reducing unnecessary vibrations transmitted to the athlete's arm.

[0070] Because shape memory alloys are temperature sensitive, the shape memory alloy wire layer 11 can automatically adjust its shape and elasticity as the temperature of the base plate 1 changes during the game, providing more stable performance.

[0071] In one embodiment, the carbon fibers in the ultralight carbon felt 5 are in an orthogonal woven structure.

[0072] Orthogonal weaving is a structure in which fibers interweave at 90-degree angles. Specifically, warp fibers (longitudinal) and weft fibers (transverse) are arranged perpendicularly and interwoven to form a stable grid structure.

[0073] Because the fibers are perpendicular and tightly interwoven, orthogonal braiding provides excellent tensile strength and rigidity, contributing to enhanced overall structural stability. The orthogonal arrangement of fibers allows stress to be evenly distributed in multiple directions, preventing material failure or damage caused by localized stress concentration. Orthogonal braiding is relatively easy to mold, suitable for various complex geometries, and less prone to wrinkling or delamination during the molding process.

[0074] The thickness of the panel layer 4 is 0.5~0.6mm. It can be 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, or 0.6 mm.

[0075] The thickness of the substrate layer 3 is 1.5~1.8 mm. It can be 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, or 1.8 mm.

[0076] In one embodiment, piezoelectric ceramic sheets are incorporated into the ultralight carbon felt 5.

[0077] Piezoelectric ceramics are functional materials that can convert mechanical stress into electrical signals (and vice versa). Common piezoelectric ceramic materials include barium titanate (BaTiO3) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT). When mechanical force is applied, piezoelectric ceramics undergo charge separation, generating a voltage signal; conversely, when a voltage is applied, piezoelectric ceramics deform. This allows for the detection of minute mechanical vibrations or deformations and their conversion into measurable electrical signals.

[0078] Select a piezoelectric ceramic sheet of appropriate size and shape, typically in sheet form, for embedding into the ultralight carbon felt 5. Ensure the piezoelectric ceramic sheet has sufficient flexibility and strength to maintain its functional properties without damage under stress.

[0079] The piezoelectric ceramic sheets are evenly distributed and embedded into the ultralight carbon felt sheet 5. Different arrangements, such as a grid or random distribution, can be used depending on specific needs. Ensure a tight bond between the piezoelectric ceramic sheets and the carbon fiber felt sheet, avoiding loosening or delamination. This can be achieved by using appropriate adhesives or prepregs.

[0080] Microwires are embedded inside the ultralight carbon felt 5 to connect the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and lead it to an external circuit. These wires should be as thin and flexible as possible to avoid affecting the overall structural flexibility. Example

[0081] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a ping-pong paddle in this embodiment includes a handle 2 and a base plate 1 as described in the above embodiment; the base plate 1 of the ping-pong paddle includes a hitting part 01 and a handle part 02 connected to each other; the handle 2 is disposed on both sides of the handle part 02.

[0082] The base plate 1, including the hitting part 01 and the handle part 02, is the core part of the table tennis racket and directly affects the feel and performance of hitting the ball.

[0083] The striking part 01 is the part that comes into direct contact with the ping-pong ball, and its materials and structural design have a decisive influence on the speed, spin, and control of the shot.

[0084] The handle 02 connects the striking part 01 and the handle 2, serving to transmit power and provide a comfortable grip. The handle 02 is typically flat or oval in shape to better fit the palm, increasing grip comfort and stability.

[0085] Handle 2 is the part for athletes to grip, and is usually located on both sides of the handle part 02 of the base plate 1.

[0086] In one embodiment, the device further includes a pressure-sensing chip 7 and a miniature accelerometer 8 disposed within the panel layer 4, and an energy harvesting device 10 and a Bluetooth module 9 disposed within the handle 2; the pressure-sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module 9 and the energy harvesting device 10. The pressure-sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module 9, and the Bluetooth module 9 is used to transmit the data detected by the pressure-sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 to an external device.

[0087] The pressure sensing chip 7 can detect minute pressure changes. Its small size makes it suitable for embedding into panel layer 4 without affecting the overall structure.

[0088] The pressure sensing chip 7 is installed inside the panel layer 4, close to the hitting surface, so as to directly sense the pressure distribution when hitting the ball.

[0089] When manufacturing panel layer 4, appropriate space is reserved to embed the pressure sensing chip 7, which is then connected to other electronic components via wires. Appropriate glue or adhesive is used to ensure a tight bond between the pressure sensing chip 7 and panel layer 4, preventing loosening or displacement.

[0090] When a ping-pong ball strikes the base plate 1, the panel layer 4 undergoes minute deformation. The pressure-sensing chip 7 detects these deformations and the resulting pressure changes, generating corresponding electrical signals. These signals are transmitted via Bluetooth module 9 to an external device (such as a smartphone or computer) for analysis. This helps athletes understand the force of each shot and optimize their hitting techniques. Through multi-point pressure sensing, the exact location of the hit can be determined, providing more detailed feedback.

[0091] The miniature accelerometer 8 can accurately measure acceleration changes in three dimensions. It features low power consumption, making it suitable for long-term use and reducing the need for the energy harvesting device 10.

[0092] The miniature accelerometer 8 is installed inside the panel layer 4 and close to the striking surface to accurately sense the vibration and acceleration changes during impact.

[0093] When manufacturing panel layer 4, appropriate space is reserved to embed the miniature accelerometer 8, which is then connected to other electronic components via wires. Appropriate glue or adhesive is used to ensure a tight bond between the miniature accelerometer 8 and panel layer 4, preventing loosening or displacement.

[0094] When a ping-pong ball strikes the base plate 1, the base plate 1 vibrates and experiences changes in acceleration. The miniature accelerometer 8 detects these changes and generates corresponding electrical signals. These electrical signals can be transmitted to an external device for analysis via the Bluetooth module 9.

[0095] The miniature accelerometer 8 helps athletes understand their hitting frequency and optimize their hitting rhythm. By analyzing vibration patterns, it provides feedback on hitting stability and control.

[0096] The energy harvesting device 10 can harvest energy from various sources, such as mechanical vibration and piezoelectric effect. The electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can be stored in the energy harvesting device 10, such as in a supercapacitor or a small battery. This allows sufficient electrical energy to be accumulated for the sensor to use when needed.

[0097] An energy management circuit can also be added to regulate and optimize the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and efficiently transfer it to the energy harvesting device 10. This circuit also ensures that the pressure sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 can acquire the required electrical energy at the appropriate time.

[0098] The energy harvesting device 10 is small in size and can be embedded in the handle 2 without affecting the grip. It is generally located in the center or near the bottom of the handle 2 so as to collect energy from the entire base plate 1.

[0099] When manufacturing the handle 2, appropriate space is reserved to embed the energy harvesting device 10 and connect it to other electronic components via wires.

[0100] The mechanical vibrations generated during ball impact are converted into electrical energy using piezoelectric ceramic sheets. The collected electrical energy is stored in a supercapacitor or small battery to power the pressure sensing chip 7, the miniature accelerometer 8, and the Bluetooth module 9.

[0101] This reduces the reliance on external power sources for table tennis rackets, extending the device's lifespan. It utilizes the energy generated during movement, reducing the need for traditional batteries.

[0102] The Bluetooth module 9 minimizes power consumption while maintaining communication quality. It supports wireless data transmission with external devices such as smartphones and tablets.

[0103] The Bluetooth module 9 is installed inside the handle 2, near the top or middle, to enable effective electrical connection with the pressure sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8.

[0104] When manufacturing the handle 2, adequate space is provided to embed the Bluetooth module 9 and connect it to other electronic components via wires. Screws or other fasteners are used to ensure that the Bluetooth module 9 is securely installed inside the handle 2.

[0105] The data collected by the pressure sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 are transmitted to external devices via a wireless communication protocol.

[0106] Real-time transmission of shot data to external devices allows athletes and coaches to analyze and improve the data. It also enables remote monitoring and recording of various data points during training, enhancing training efficiency.

[0107] The overall system workflow is as follows:

[0108] The pressure sensing chip 7 and the miniature accelerometer 8 collect pressure and acceleration data during the ball's impact, respectively.

[0109] The energy harvesting device 10 harvests energy from the mechanical vibrations generated when the ball is hit and stores it in a supercapacitor or a small battery.

[0110] The collected data is transmitted to Bluetooth module 9 via a wire. Bluetooth module 9 packages the data and sends it to an external device (such as a smartphone or computer) via a wireless communication protocol.

[0111] After receiving the data, the external device analyzes it through a dedicated application to generate visual reports or real-time feedback, helping athletes optimize their technical movements.

[0112] The base plate 1 and the ping-pong paddle described in the above embodiments can reduce muscle damage and fatigue in athletes, and provide high comfort.

[0113] To verify the properties of the table tennis racket proposed in this invention in reducing muscle damage, reducing fatigue, and improving comfort for athletes, the following experiment was conducted.

[0114] I. Experimental Objective

[0115] This study investigates the specific effects of a novel nine-layer board (one substrate layer 3 and eight panel layers 4) plus eight layers of ultra-light carbon felt 5 on reducing muscle damage, fatigue, and improving comfort in table tennis racket blades compared to traditional blades.

[0116] II. Experimental Subjects

[0117] Thirty table tennis players aged 18 to 35 years with more than three years of table tennis training experience and similar physical qualities were selected as experimental subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (using the novel base plate 1 disclosed in this invention) of 15 people and a control group (using the traditional base plate 1 table tennis racket) of 15 people.

[0118] III. Experimental Equipment

[0119] 1. The table tennis racket base plate and table tennis racket disclosed in this utility model, wherein the base plate 1 of the table tennis racket is composed of nine layers of board, eight layers of ultra-light carbon felt 5 and eight layers of shape memory alloy wire 11, and an aerogel buffer structure 6 is provided in the outermost two panel layers 4.

[0120] 2. Traditional table tennis rackets use a common five-layer Ayous structure as a reference.

[0121] 3. Surface electromyography (EMG): Used to measure the electrophysiological signals during muscle activity and analyze the degree of muscle fatigue.

[0122] 4. Pressure sensor: Installed on the grip of the ping-pong paddle to measure the pressure distribution on the hand when hitting the ball.

[0123] 5. Subjective Comfort Questionnaire: Includes evaluation questions on racket feel, impact feedback, grip comfort, etc., using a 5-point Likert scale for scoring.

[0124] IV. Experimental Procedure

[0125] 1. Adaptation training: Before the experiment, both groups of athletes underwent a week of adaptation training, using their respective table tennis rackets for daily training to familiarize themselves with the racket's performance.

[0126] 2. Experimental Testing: Formal experimental testing will be conducted after one week of adaptive training.

[0127] Muscle injury-related index testing: Two groups of athletes performed 100 consecutive forehand attack and backhand push movements respectively. Before and after the test, a biomechanical analysis system was used to measure muscle strain risk indicators of the athletes' main upper limb muscles (biceps, triceps, deltoids, etc.), such as changes in muscle stretch length and peak muscle force.

[0128] Muscle fatigue test: During the above-mentioned hitting action, the electrophysiological signals of the athlete's muscles were continuously monitored using a surface electromyography (EMG) device. The degree of muscle fatigue was assessed by analyzing the changes in the mean power frequency (MPF) and median frequency (MF) of the EMG signals. The faster the MPF and MF values ​​decreased, the higher the degree of muscle fatigue.

[0129] Comfort Test: After the hitting test, athletes filled out a subjective comfort questionnaire, evaluating the feel, vibration feedback, and grip comfort of the table tennis racket used. Simultaneously, data collected from the pressure sensors on the grip was analyzed to determine the uniformity of hand pressure distribution during the hit; a more uniform pressure distribution indicated higher comfort.

[0130] V. Experimental Data

[0131]

[0132] VI. Data Analysis

[0133] 1. Regarding muscle injury: Through independent sample testing, the mean changes in muscle stretch length and the mean peak value of muscle force in the experimental group during forehand attack and backhand push were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). This indicates that the table tennis racket blade and table tennis racket disclosed in this utility model can effectively reduce the stretch and force on the muscles of athletes when hitting the ball, thereby reducing the risk of muscle injury.

[0134] 2. Regarding muscle fatigue: Using the independent samples test, the experimental group showed a significantly lower rate of decrease in MPF ​​and MF during forehand attack and backhand push than the control group (P<0.05). This indicates that when using the table tennis racket blade and racket disclosed in this invention, the rate of muscle fatigue development in athletes is slower, and they can maintain a better muscle function during a longer period of hitting the ball, thus reducing fatigue.

[0135] 3. Comfort: For subjective rating data, a non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) was conducted. The results showed that the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for feel, impact vibration feedback, and grip comfort than the control group (P<0.05). At the same time, the coefficient of variation of hand pressure distribution uniformity was significantly smaller in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). This indicates that the table tennis racket blade and racket disclosed in this utility model not only make the athlete feel more comfortable subjectively, but also make the hand force more even during actual hitting, further improving comfort.

[0136] VII. Conclusion

[0137] The experimental data clearly demonstrates that the table tennis racket blade and racket disclosed in this invention have significant effects in reducing muscle injury, fatigue, and comfort for athletes. The blade 1 structure optimizes the transmission of force during impact, reducing muscle stress and stretching, slowing muscle fatigue development, and simultaneously improving the racket's feel, vibration feedback, and grip comfort, providing athletes with a superior user experience and possessing high promotional value.

[0138] In this embodiment of the invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0139] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0140] In this specification, the terms "an embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0141] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A table tennis racket, characterized in that, Includes a handle (2) and a base plate (1); The base plate (1) includes a striking part (01) and a handle part (02) connected to each other; The handle (2) is provided on both sides of the handle part (02); The base plate (1) includes a substrate layer (3) and eight panel layers (4); four panel layers (4) are superimposed on each side of the substrate layer (3); An ultralight carbon felt (5) is provided between two adjacent panel layers (4) and between the panel layer (4) and the substrate layer (3); piezoelectric ceramic sheets are mixed into the ultralight carbon felt (5); It also includes a pressure sensing chip (7) and a miniature accelerometer (8) disposed in the panel layer (4), as well as an energy harvesting device (10) and a Bluetooth module (9) disposed in the handle (2); The pressure sensing chip (7) and the miniature accelerometer (8) are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module (9) and the energy harvesting device (10); The pressure sensing chip (7) and the miniature accelerometer (8) are respectively connected to the Bluetooth module (9), and the Bluetooth module (9) is used to transmit the data detected by the pressure sensing chip (7) and the miniature accelerometer (8) to an external device.

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