A waste heat utilization mechanism of a salt-containing waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler
By combining multi-stage heat exchange equipment and designing a reasonable flue, the problems of waste heat and ash accumulation blockage in existing technologies have been solved, achieving efficient waste heat recovery and heat transfer, extending equipment life and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521159812.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-06-09
AI Technical Summary
In existing facilities for utilizing waste heat from the incineration of saline waste liquid, the heat exchange equipment is limited, leading to waste heat and ash accumulation that clogs the flue, affecting heat transfer efficiency and reducing production efficiency.
The system employs a multi-stage heat exchange equipment combination, including a front membrane water-cooled wall, a middle membrane wall, a rear membrane wall, an evaporator, a superheater, and an external modular thermal oil heater. Combined with a reasonable flue design and reverse heat exchange, it enhances the heat transfer effect and reduces the risk of ash accumulation.
It improves waste heat recovery efficiency, reduces the risk of equipment blockage, extends equipment life, enhances heat transfer capacity and heat recovery effect, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224316190U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat utilization technology, and more specifically, to a waste heat utilization mechanism for a waste heat boiler that incinerates saline waste liquid. Background Technology
[0002] In modern industrial production, the treatment of saline waste liquid and the utilization of waste heat are important issues. Many industrial processes generate a large amount of saline waste liquid. Direct discharge not only pollutes the environment but also wastes the energy contained therein. Incineration of saline waste liquid has become a common treatment method, which can achieve harmless treatment and at the same time generate high-temperature flue gas, which contains a large amount of recoverable waste heat.
[0003] In the past, waste heat utilization mechanisms using high-temperature flue gas as the heat source from the incineration of saline waste liquid had relatively simple combinations of heat exchange equipment. For example, they only used simple single-stage heat exchange equipment and failed to utilize multiple heat exchange equipment for multi-stage recovery as in this invention. This resulted in a large amount of waste heat being directly emitted with the flue gas, causing a great waste of energy. The soot in the dusty flue gas easily accumulates in the flue, which can block the flue, hinder the normal flow of flue gas, increase system resistance, and reduce production efficiency. The soot will also form a heat insulation layer on the heated surface, which will seriously affect the heat transfer effect and cause a significant decrease in heat transfer efficiency, further reducing the waste heat utilization efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to overcome the problems and defects in the prior art, this utility model provides a waste heat utilization mechanism for a waste heat boiler for incinerating saline waste liquid, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a waste heat utilization mechanism for a waste heat boiler for incinerating saline waste liquid, including an insulated furnace wall, wherein a waste heat utilization component is provided inside the insulated furnace wall;
[0006] The waste heat utilization component includes a front membrane water-cooled wall, which is located at the top of the inner wall of the insulated furnace wall. A middle membrane wall is located inside the insulated furnace wall, and a rear membrane wall is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the insulated furnace wall. An upper boiler drum is located on one side of the insulated furnace wall. A header is installed between the front and rear membrane walls. A first evaporator, a superheater, and a second evaporator are installed sequentially from right to left between the middle and rear membrane walls. A conversion flue is fixedly connected to the bottom of the insulated furnace wall. An external modular thermal oil heater is fixedly installed inside the conversion flue. A flue outlet is opened on the bottom surface of the conversion flue.
[0007] Preferably, a left membrane wall and a right membrane wall are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace, respectively.
[0008] Preferably, one end of the left membrane wall and the right membrane wall are both fixedly connected to an upper header of the right membrane wall, and the other end of the left membrane wall and the right membrane wall are both fixedly connected to a lower header of the left membrane wall. The front membrane water-cooled wall, the middle membrane wall, the upper header of the right membrane wall and the lower header of the left membrane wall form a first flue, and the rear ends of the middle membrane wall, the rear membrane wall, the upper header of the right membrane wall and the lower header of the left membrane wall form a second flue.
[0009] Preferably, an upper header is installed on one side of the membrane wall, and a lower header is installed on the other side of the membrane wall.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of steam pipes are fixedly connected between the insulated furnace wall and the upper boiler drum, a centralized downcomer is fixedly connected to one side of the upper boiler drum, and a flue gas inlet is provided on the top surface of the insulated furnace wall.
[0011] Preferably, the external modular thermal oil heater adopts a straight fin structure, and all heat exchange surfaces are limited by both lateral and longitudinal directions.
[0012] Preferably, the first flue is a fully hollow membrane water-cooled wall flue.
[0013] Preferably, the flue gas in the second flue flows downward along the direction of gravity of the smoke and dust.
[0014] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. Dust-laden flue gas sequentially exchanges heat with the front wall membrane water-cooled wall, evaporator, superheater, and external modular thermal oil heater in the first flue, second flue, and conversion flue, respectively. Through the combination of various heat exchange devices and reasonable flue design, multi-stage recovery of waste heat from the flue gas is achieved, greatly improving heat recovery efficiency. In the first flue, the flue gas exchanges heat with the all-hollow membrane water-cooled wall in a counter-current manner, increasing the heat transfer temperature difference and improving heat exchange efficiency. In the second flue, the flue gas laterally washes over the evaporator and superheater, enhancing the convective heat transfer effect, allowing the flue gas heat to be more fully transferred to the heated surfaces, improving the overall heat transfer capacity, and further enhancing the heat recovery effect.
[0016] 2. The first flue adopts a fully hollow membrane water-cooled wall structure with flue gas flowing from bottom to top. During the reverse heat exchange process, the soot falls and settles under gravity, making it less likely to accumulate in the flue. This not only reduces the risk of flue blockage and ensures smooth flue gas flow, but also reduces the problem of decreased heat transfer efficiency caused by ash accumulation, reduces equipment maintenance costs, and extends equipment life. The external modular thermal oil heater in the conversion flue adopts a straight-fin structure, which increases the heat exchange area. At the same time, all heat exchange surfaces are limited laterally and longitudinally to ensure the stability and reliability of heat exchange, enabling the flue gas to transfer heat to the thermal oil more effectively, improving the heating efficiency of the thermal oil, and expanding the ways of waste heat utilization. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat-insulating furnace wall of this utility model.
[0020] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Insulated furnace wall; 2. Front membrane water-cooled wall; 3. Middle membrane wall; 4. Rear membrane wall; 5. Upper boiler drum; 6. Upper headers of front and rear membrane walls; 7. First evaporator; 8. Superheater; 9. Second evaporator; 10. Transfer flue; 11. External modular thermal oil heater; 12. Flue outlet; 13. Left membrane wall; 14. Right membrane wall; 15. Upper header of middle membrane wall; 16. Lower header of membrane wall; 17. Upper header of right membrane wall; 18. Lower header of left membrane wall; 19. Steam guide pipe; 20. Centralized downcomer; 21. Flue inlet; 22. First flue; 23. Second flue. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] As attached Figure 1-3 The waste heat utilization mechanism of a waste heat boiler for incinerating saline waste liquid shown includes an insulated furnace wall 1, and a waste heat utilization component is installed inside the insulated furnace wall 1.
[0023] The waste heat utilization component includes a front wall membrane water-cooled wall 2, which is located at the top of the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace wall 1. A middle membrane wall 3 is installed inside the heat preservation furnace wall 1, and a rear membrane wall 4 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace wall 1. An upper boiler drum 5 is installed on one side of the heat preservation furnace wall 1. A header 6 for the front and rear membrane walls is installed between the front wall membrane water-cooled wall 2 and the rear membrane wall 4. A first evaporator 7, a superheater 8, and a second evaporator 9 are installed sequentially from right to left between the middle membrane wall 3 and the rear membrane wall 4. A conversion flue 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat preservation furnace wall 1. An external modular thermal oil heater 11 is fixedly installed inside the conversion flue 10. A flue outlet 12 is opened on the bottom surface of the conversion flue 10.
[0024] As attached Figure 3As shown, the left membrane wall 13 and the right membrane wall 14 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the heat preservation furnace 1, respectively, which effectively prevents flue gas leakage, improves the sealing of the waste heat utilization mechanism, and reduces heat loss.
[0025] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the left membrane wall 13 and the right membrane wall 14 are both fixedly connected to the upper header 17 of the right membrane wall at one end, and the left membrane wall 13 and the right membrane wall 14 are both fixedly connected to the lower header 18 of the left membrane wall at the other end. The front membrane water-cooled wall 2, the middle membrane wall 3, the upper header 17 of the right membrane wall and the lower header 18 of the left membrane wall form the first flue 22. The rear ends of the middle membrane wall 3, the rear membrane wall 4, the upper header 17 of the right membrane wall and the lower header 18 of the left membrane wall form the second flue 23. The clear division of the flue structure allows the flue gas to be efficiently heat-exchanged in different areas in an orderly manner, which improves the efficiency and stability of waste heat recovery.
[0026] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an upper header 15 is installed on one side of the membrane wall 3, and a lower header 16 is installed on the other side of the membrane wall 3. This facilitates the uniform distribution and circulation of the medium within the membrane wall 3, enhances the heat exchange effect in this area, and improves the overall heat transfer efficiency.
[0027] As attached Figure 1 As shown, multiple steam pipes 19 are fixedly connected between the heat-insulating furnace wall 1 and the upper boiler drum 5. A centralized downcomer 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper boiler drum 5. A flue gas inlet 21 is provided on the top surface of the heat-insulating furnace wall 1 to ensure continuous circulation of the medium and stably transfer the absorbed heat to the upper boiler drum 5. The reasonable opening of the flue gas inlet 21 ensures that the dust-laden flue gas can smoothly enter the waste heat utilization mechanism for heat exchange.
[0028] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the external modular thermal oil heater 11 adopts a straight fin structure, and all heat exchange surfaces are limited by both horizontal and vertical directions. The straight fin structure increases the heat exchange area, and the horizontal and vertical directions ensure the stability of the heat exchange surface. The combination of the two enables the external modular thermal oil heater 11 to absorb the waste heat of flue gas more efficiently and improve the heating effect of the thermal oil.
[0029] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the first flue 22 is a fully hollow membrane water-cooled wall flue, which allows the flue gas to fully exchange heat with the water-cooled wall in the reverse direction as it flows from bottom to top. At the same time, the flue ash is easy to settle under the action of gravity, reducing the risk of ash accumulation.
[0030] As attached Figure 1As shown, the flue gas in the second flue 23 flows downward along the direction of gravity of the flue dust. The flue gas in the second flue 23 flows downward along the direction of gravity of the flue dust. Combined with the layout of the internal evaporator and superheater, the flue gas can better laterally scour the heat exchange tube bundle, enhance convective heat transfer, and further improve the waste heat recovery efficiency.
[0031] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Dust-laden flue gas enters the first flue through the inlet, where it undergoes counter-current heat exchange with components such as the front wall membrane water-cooled wall, causing the ash to settle. It then enters the second flue, where it horizontally washes against the evaporator and superheater, improving heat transfer capacity. Subsequently, the flue gas enters the conversion flue, where it undergoes further heat exchange via an external modular thermal oil heater, and finally exits through the outlet. Simultaneously, heat transfer is achieved through various headers, steam pipes, and a centralized downcomer, ensuring media circulation. Dust-laden flue gas generated from the incineration of saline waste liquid enters through the inlet 21 on the top surface of the insulated furnace wall 1. After entering, the flue gas enters the first flue 22, which is formed by the front membrane water-cooled wall 2, the middle membrane wall 3, the upper header 17 of the right membrane wall, and the lower header 18 of the left membrane wall. In the first flue 22, the flue gas flows from bottom to top and exchanges heat in the opposite direction with the front membrane water-cooled wall 2 of the all-hollow membrane water-cooled wall structure of the first flue 22. Due to this reverse heat exchange method and the all-hollow membrane water-cooled wall structure, the soot will fall and settle under the action of gravity, and it is not easy to accumulate soot in the flue. This initially reduces the flue gas temperature and realizes the initial heat exchange, laying the foundation for subsequent waste heat utilization.
[0032] After heat exchange in the first flue 22, the flue gas turns and enters the second flue 23, which is formed by the rear end of the middle membrane wall 3, the rear membrane wall 4, the upper header 17 of the right membrane wall, and the lower header 18 of the left membrane wall. In the second flue 23, the flue gas flows downward along the direction of gravity of the flue dust and laterally washes the first evaporator 7, the superheater 8, and the second evaporator 9, which are installed from right to left between the middle membrane wall 3 and the rear membrane wall 4. This lateral washing method improves the heat transfer capacity of the convection tube bundle, so that the flue gas can fully exchange heat with the first evaporator 7, the superheater 8, and the second evaporator 9, and further recover the heat in the flue gas. The saturated steam separated from the boiler drum 5 is led to the inlet header of the superheater 8 through the saturated steam connecting pipe. In the superheater 8, it exchanges heat with the flue gas and is heated. Then, after the final stage water spray de-heating and temperature adjustment, it is supplied to the user through the main steam valve.
[0033] The flue gas exiting from the second flue 23 enters the conversion flue 10 fixedly connected to the bottom of the insulation furnace wall 1. Inside the conversion flue 10, an external modular thermal oil heater 11 with a straight fin structure and all heat exchange surfaces are limited by both horizontal and vertical directions is installed. The flue gas exchanges heat with the external modular thermal oil heater 11 in the conversion flue 10, further releasing heat. The waste heat flue gas after being fully utilized is discharged from the boiler body through the flue outlet 12 opened on the bottom surface of the conversion flue 10.
[0034] Throughout the waste heat utilization process, the insulated furnace wall 1 and the upper boiler drum 5 are fixedly connected by multiple steam pipes 19. A centralized downcomer 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper boiler drum 5, which constitutes a medium circulation channel. The heated medium enters the upper boiler drum 5 through the steam pipes 19, and after being processed, it returns to the system through the centralized downcomer 20 to participate in the circulation, continuously transferring the absorbed heat and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire waste heat utilization mechanism.
[0035] In conclusion, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A waste heat utilization mechanism for a saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler, comprising an insulated furnace wall (1), characterized in that: The heat preservation furnace wall (1) is equipped with a waste heat utilization component; The waste heat utilization component includes a front wall membrane water-cooled wall (2), which is located at the top of the inner wall of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1). A middle membrane wall (3) is provided inside the heat-insulating furnace wall (1), and a rear membrane wall (4) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1). An upper drum (5) is provided on one side of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1). A front and rear membrane wall upper header (6) is installed between the front wall membrane water-cooled wall (2) and the rear membrane wall (4). A first evaporator (7), a superheater (8), and a second evaporator (9) are installed between the middle membrane wall (3) and the rear membrane wall (4) from right to left. A conversion flue (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1). An external modular thermal oil heater (11) is fixedly installed inside the conversion flue (10). A flue outlet (12) is opened on the bottom surface of the conversion flue (10).
2. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the left membrane wall (13) and the right membrane wall (14), respectively.
3. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left membrane wall (13) and the right membrane wall (14) are each fixedly connected to a right membrane wall upper header (17) at one end, and the left membrane wall (13) and the right membrane wall (14) are each fixedly connected to a left membrane wall lower header (18) at the other end. The front wall membrane water-cooled wall (2), the middle membrane wall (3), the right membrane wall upper header (17) and the left membrane wall lower header (18) form a first flue (22). The rear ends of the middle membrane wall (3), the rear membrane wall (4), the right membrane wall upper header (17) and the left membrane wall lower header (18) form a second flue (23).
4. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle membrane wall upper header (15) is installed on one side of the middle membrane wall (3), and a membrane wall lower header (16) is installed on the other side of the middle membrane wall (3).
5. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple steam pipes (19) are fixedly connected between the heat-insulating furnace wall (1) and the upper boiler drum (5). A centralized downcomer (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper boiler drum (5). A flue gas inlet (21) is opened on the top surface of the heat-insulating furnace wall (1).
6. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the waste heat boiler for incinerating saline waste liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external modular thermal oil heater (11) adopts a straight fin structure, and all heat exchange surfaces are limited by both horizontal and vertical directions.
7. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the waste heat boiler for incinerating saline waste liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first flue (22) is a fully hollow membrane water-cooled wall flue.
8. The waste heat utilization mechanism of the saline waste liquid incineration waste heat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second flue (23) allows the flue gas to flow downwards along the direction of gravity of the dust.