A gasket structure, an electric core, a battery pack and an electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to battery technical field, propose a gasket structure, electric core, battery package and electric car, wherein, gasket structure includes X type connecting structure and strip board, four end portions of X type connecting structure all are connected with strip board, two strip boards in the same side are parallel to each other, and are provided with exhaust passage between two parallel strip boards, the inner side of X type connecting structure is provided with two flow guide surfaces close to strip board, the included angle of two flow guide surfaces is a, four end portions of X type connecting structure all are connected with strip board, two strip boards in the same end are parallel to each other, and are provided with exhaust passage between two parallel strip boards, X type connecting structure and strip board can be realized in the heat runaway condition and keep structural integrity, guide high temperature gas to the direction of explosion -proof valve movement through exhaust passage, after exceeding the threshold of explosion -proof valve, discharge, prevent the blockage of exhaust passage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery technology, and specifically relates to a gasket structure, a battery cell, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The safety of battery cells in automobiles has always been a major concern for the public, making technological improvements in lithium battery thermal safety imperative.

[0003] In existing battery technologies, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell is a crucial component for ensuring battery safety. However, during thermal runaway of the battery cell, blockage of the venting channels (existing gasket structures are mostly made of plastic or rubber, which are prone to melting at high temperatures, losing their supporting and venting functions, thus causing blockage of the venting channels) may lead to battery cell explosion or further thermal runaway.

[0004] Therefore, a gasket structure is needed to ensure that the exhaust passage remains unobstructed. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a gasket structure, comprising an X-shaped connecting structure and strip plates. Each of the four ends of the X-shaped connecting structure is connected to a strip plate. Two strip plates located on the same side are parallel to each other, and an exhaust channel is provided between the two parallel strip plates.

[0006] Furthermore, the X-shaped connection structure has two guide surfaces on the inner side near the strip plate, and the included angle between the two guide surfaces is α.

[0007] Furthermore, both the X-shaped connection structure and the strip plate are made of high-temperature resistant materials.

[0008] Furthermore, both the X-shaped connecting structure and the strip plate are coated with a corrosion-resistant ceramic coating.

[0009] A battery cell includes a battery casing, inside which a battery core and the aforementioned gasket structure are installed; an explosion-proof valve is installed on the end face of the battery casing; there are two gasket structures, one gasket structure is located on the side of the battery casing closer to the explosion-proof valve, and the other gasket structure is located on the side of the battery casing away from the explosion-proof valve; and the venting channel of the gasket structure is connected to the venting pipe of the explosion-proof valve.

[0010] Furthermore, an end plate is provided on the end face of the battery casing, and battery terminals are provided on the end plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the strip plate away from the X-shaped connection structure is engaged with the limiting slot of the end plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a cavity is provided between the battery casing and the battery core, and the cavity is connected to the exhaust channel.

[0013] A battery pack includes the aforementioned battery cells and a housing, wherein the battery cells are mounted in the housing.

[0014] An electric vehicle includes the aforementioned battery pack and body, wherein the battery pack is installed in the body.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. A gasket structure of the present invention includes an X-shaped connecting structure and strip plates. Each of the four ends of the X-shaped connecting structure is connected to a strip plate. Two strip plates located at the same end are parallel to each other, and an exhaust channel is provided between the two parallel strip plates. The X-shaped connecting structure and the strip plates can maintain structural integrity under thermal runaway conditions. The exhaust channel guides high-temperature gas to move towards the explosion-proof valve and discharges it after exceeding the threshold of the explosion-proof valve, thus preventing blockage of the exhaust channel.

[0017] 2. The gasket structure of this utility model is made of high-temperature resistant rubber or metal (such as aluminum), which has excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength, and can meet the safety requirements under the thermal runaway state of the battery cell. It can ensure the support and venting function in the early stage of thermal runaway. Compared with the existing plastic gaskets, the gasket structure of this utility model will not melt at high temperature and can maintain the support function on both sides.

[0018] 3. The battery cell of this utility model includes a battery casing, inside which a battery core and a gasket structure are installed; an explosion-proof valve is installed on the end face of the battery casing, and the gasket structure is located on the side of the battery casing near the explosion-proof valve; and the venting channel of the gasket structure is connected to the venting pipe of the explosion-proof valve. This design can prevent the battery cell from exploding or further thermal runaway due to blockage of the venting channel during thermal runaway.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the gasket structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the battery cell structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shows the pressure of the battery cell using a common gasket under thermal runaway conditions in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shows the pressure under thermal runaway conditions of the battery cell using the gasket structure of this invention in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

[0025] In the diagram, 1 is the gasket structure; 11 is the exhaust channel; 12 is the X-type connection structure; 13 is the flow guide surface; 14 is the strip plate; 2 is the explosion-proof valve; 3 is the battery core; 4 is the battery casing; 5 is the cavity; 61 is the end plate; and 62 is the battery terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0027] Example 1,

[0028] refer to Figure 1 A gasket structure includes an X-shaped connecting structure 12 and strip plates 14. Each of the four ends of the X-shaped connecting structure 12 is connected to a strip plate 14. Two strip plates 14 located on the same side are parallel to each other, and an exhaust channel 11 is provided between the two parallel strip plates 14. The exhaust channel 11 is perforated (i.e., the exhaust channel 11 penetrates the gasket structure 1); the area of ​​the exhaust channel 11 accounts for 40%-70% of the total area of ​​the gasket structure 1; the thickness of the gasket structure 1 is typically 0.5-3mm, preferably 2mm, which allows it to maintain structural integrity and guide high-temperature gas towards the explosion-proof valve 2 under thermal runaway conditions.

[0029] In another optional embodiment, the X-shaped connection structure 12 includes 4-8 intersecting reinforcing ribs, the rib width is 0.5-2mm, and the intersection angle is 60°-120°, forming an X-shaped or honeycomb support network.

[0030] Furthermore, the gasket structure 1 is flat, with an X-shaped connecting structure 12 in the middle that matches the explosion-proof valve 2, and an exhaust channel 11 on the gasket structure 1. The slot design on the upper and lower sides of the X-shaped connecting structure 12 ensures that the gasket structure 1 is firmly fixed to both sides of the explosion-proof valve 2 and can support the internal battery core 3.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 The X-shaped connection structure 12 has two flow guiding surfaces 13 on the inner side near the strip plate 14, and the included angle between the two flow guiding surfaces 13 is α. Specifically, the value of α is 15°-60°. The strip plate 14 is manufactured to fit the size and shape of the battery cell. For wider battery cells, the value of α is larger, and for narrower battery cells, the value of α is smaller.

[0032] Specifically, both the X-shaped connecting structure 12 and the strip plate 14 are made of high-temperature resistant materials. Specifically, the high-temperature resistant material is selected from at least one of silicone rubber, fluororubber, or aluminum alloy, and its temperature resistance is ≥400℃.

[0033] The gasket structure 1 of this invention is made of high-temperature resistant rubber or metal (such as aluminum), possessing excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength. It meets the safety requirements under thermal runaway conditions of the battery cell, ensuring support and venting in the early stages of thermal runaway. Compared to existing plastic gaskets, the gasket structure 1 of this invention does not melt at high temperatures, maintaining its supporting function on both sides.

[0034] In the above embodiments, another optional implementation is that the X-shaped connecting structure 12 is provided with two guide surfaces 13 near the inner side of the strip plate 14, and the included angle between the two guide surfaces 13 is 45°. Both the X-shaped connecting structure 12 and the strip plate 14 are made of silicone rubber, which has a temperature resistance ≥400℃.

[0035] The gasket structure 1 of this invention is made of high-temperature resistant rubber, possessing excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength, meeting the safety requirements under thermal runaway conditions of the battery cell, and ensuring support and venting functions in the early stages of thermal runaway. Compared with existing plastic gaskets, the gasket structure 1 of this invention will not melt at high temperatures, maintaining its supporting function on both sides.

[0036] In the above embodiments, another optional implementation is that the X-shaped connecting structure 12 is provided with two guide surfaces 13 on the inner side near the strip plate 14, and the included angle between the two guide surfaces 13 is 35°. Both the X-shaped connecting structure 12 and the strip plate 14 are made of aluminum, and their temperature resistance is ≥400℃.

[0037] The gasket structure 1 of this invention is made of aluminum, which has excellent high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength, meeting the safety requirements under thermal runaway conditions of the battery cell and ensuring support and venting functions in the early stages of thermal runaway. Compared with existing plastic gaskets, the gasket structure 1 of this invention will not melt at high temperatures, maintaining its supporting function on both sides.

[0038] Furthermore, both the X-shaped connection structure 12 and the strip plate 14 are coated with a corrosion-resistant ceramic coating. This ensures that the gasket structure 1 is protected from corrosion and improves its corrosion resistance.

[0039] Example 2,

[0040] refer to Figure 2 A battery cell includes a battery casing 4, inside which a battery core 3 and a gasket structure 1 as described in Embodiment 1 are installed. An explosion-proof valve 2 is installed on the end face of the battery casing 4. There are two gasket structures 1: one located on the side of the battery casing 4 closer to the explosion-proof valve 2, and the other located on the side of the battery casing 4 away from the explosion-proof valve 2. The venting channel 11 of the gasket structure 1 is connected to the venting pipe of the explosion-proof valve 2. Specifically, the ratio of the venting path length of the venting channel 11 to the opening diameter of the explosion-proof valve 2 is typically greater than 2:1. The explosion-proof valve 2 is located on both sides or one side of the battery cell in the length or width direction, and the installation direction of the gasket structure 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the explosion-proof valve 2. The gasket structure 1 has a venting channel 11 in the middle, which can isolate the battery core 3 and maintain unobstructed venting in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell. Simultaneously, the venting channel 11 guides gas to accumulate at the explosion-proof valve 2, allowing the gas to be smoothly discharged after reaching the threshold of the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0041] Furthermore, the gasket structure 1 has a certain thickness and is hollow in the middle. The gasket structure 1 is placed on one side of the explosion-proof valve 2 and on the opposite side of the explosion-proof valve 2. This design can prevent the battery cell from exploding or further thermal runaway due to the blockage of the exhaust channel 11 during the thermal runaway process.

[0042] In the above embodiments, another optional implementation is a battery cell comprising a battery casing 4, wherein a battery core 3 and a gasket structure 1 of embodiment 1 are installed inside the battery casing 4; an explosion-proof valve 2 is installed on the end face of the battery casing 4, and the gasket structure 1 is located on the side of the battery casing 4 near the explosion-proof valve 2; and the exhaust channel 11 of the gasket structure 1 is connected to the exhaust pipe of the explosion-proof valve 2. Specifically, the ratio of the exhaust path length of the exhaust channel 11 to the opening diameter length of the explosion-proof valve 2 is 3:1; the explosion-proof valve 2 is disposed on both sides in the length or width direction of the battery cell, and the installation direction of the gasket structure 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the explosion-proof valve 2. The gasket structure 1 has an exhaust channel 11 in the middle, which can isolate the battery core 3 and maintain unobstructed exhaust in the case of thermal runaway of the battery cell; at the same time, the exhaust channel 11 guides the gas to accumulate at the explosion-proof valve 2, and the gas can be discharged smoothly after reaching the threshold of the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0043] Furthermore, the gasket structure 1 has a certain thickness and is hollow in the middle. The gasket structure 1 is placed on one side of the explosion-proof valve 2 and on the opposite side of the explosion-proof valve 2. This design can prevent the battery cell from exploding or further thermal runaway due to the blockage of the exhaust channel 11 during the thermal runaway process.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 The battery casing 4 has an end plate 61 on its end face, and a battery terminal 62 is provided on the end plate 61. There is a cavity 5 between the end plate 61 and the battery core 3, and the cavity 5 is connected to the exhaust channel 11.

[0045] Furthermore, the end of the strip plate 14 away from the X-shaped connecting structure 12 is engaged with the limiting slot of the end plate 61. Specifically, the end plate 61 has a limiting slot on its inner side that mates with the gasket structure 1. The width of the limiting slot is typically 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the gasket structure 1. The gasket structure 1 can be directly fixed by inserting it into the limiting slot (i.e., by using an interference fit).

[0046] In the above embodiments, another optional implementation is that the end of the strip plate 14 away from the X-shaped connecting structure 12 is engaged with the limiting groove of the end plate 61. Specifically, the end plate 61 has a limiting groove on its inner side that mates with the gasket structure 1. The width of the limiting groove is usually half the thickness of the gasket structure 1. The gasket structure 1 can be directly fixed by inserting it into the limiting groove (using an interference fit).

[0047] Furthermore, a cavity 5 is provided between the battery casing 4 and the battery core 3, and the cavity 5 is connected to the exhaust channels 11 in the two gasket structures 1 located on both sides of the battery core 3.

[0048] Installation method: Fix the gasket structure 1 to both sides of the explosion-proof valve 2, ensuring that the exhaust channel 11 is connected to the cavity 5 inside the battery cell. During installation, pay attention to maintaining the flatness of the gasket structure 1 and the accuracy of the fixing groove.

[0049] Working Principle: During the thermal runaway of the battery cell, gas enters the exhaust channel 11 of the gasket structure 1 through the cavity 5 inside the battery cell. Due to the excellent high-temperature resistance and supporting function of the gasket structure 1, the exhaust channel 11 remains unobstructed. Simultaneously, the gas is guided to accumulate at the explosion-proof valve 2. When the explosion-proof valve 2 opens, the gas can be smoothly discharged outside the battery cell, thereby preventing the battery cell from exploding or further thermal runaway. Simulation results from specific implementation cases are available. Figure 3 Compared to the venting capacity of conventional gaskets (reference) Figure 4 (Increased by 52.5%).

[0050] Example 3,

[0051] A battery pack includes the battery cell and housing as described in Example 2, wherein the battery cell is mounted in the housing.

[0052] Example 4,

[0053] An electric vehicle includes a battery pack and a vehicle body as described in Embodiment 3, wherein the battery pack is installed in the vehicle body.

[0054] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this utility model, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this utility model without contradiction.

[0056] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasket structure, characterized by, It includes an X-shaped connecting structure (12) and strip plates (14). The four ends of the X-shaped connecting structure (12) are connected to strip plates (14). Two strip plates (14) located on the same side are parallel to each other, and an exhaust channel (11) is provided between the two parallel strip plates (14).

2. The gasket structure of claim 1 wherein, The X-shaped connection structure (12) has two guide surfaces (13) on the inner side near the strip plate (14), and the included angle between the two guide surfaces (13) is α.

3. A gasket structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The X-shaped connection structure (12) and the strip plate (14) are both made of high-temperature resistant materials.

4. A gasket structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Both the X-shaped connection structure (12) and the strip plate (14) are coated with a corrosion-resistant ceramic coating.

5. An electric cell, characterized in that The battery housing (4) includes a battery core (3) and a gasket structure (1) as described in any one of claims 1-4. An explosion-proof valve (2) is installed on the end face of the battery housing (4). There are two gasket structures (1), one of which is located on the side of the battery housing (4) near the explosion-proof valve (2), and the other is located on the side of the battery housing (4) away from the explosion-proof valve (2). The exhaust channel (11) of the gasket structure (1) is connected to the exhaust pipe of the explosion-proof valve (2).

6. An electric cell according to claim 5, wherein The end face of the battery casing (4) is provided with an end plate (61), and the end plate (61) is provided with a battery terminal (62).

7. An electric cell according to claim 6, wherein The end of the strip plate (14) away from the X-shaped connection structure (12) is engaged with the limiting slot of the end plate (61).

8. The cell of claim 5, wherein, A cavity (5) is provided between the battery casing (4) and the battery core (3), and the cavity (5) is connected to the exhaust channel (11).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes the battery cell and housing as described in any one of claims 5-8, wherein the battery cell is installed in the housing.

10. A tram, characterized in that, It includes the battery pack and vehicle body as described in claim 9, wherein the battery pack is installed in the vehicle body.

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