An interior panel and a rail vehicle
By designing distributed vibration absorbers on the interior panels and utilizing a combination of elastic and mass layers, the problem of low-frequency noise control in rail vehicles was solved, achieving effective absorption of low-frequency noise and improved comfort.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC QINGDAO SIFANG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing interior panels have poor sound insulation performance against low and medium frequency noise in rail vehicles, and are heavy, making it difficult to meet the noise reduction requirements of high-speed trains.
Design an interior panel comprising spaced vibration absorbers, each consisting of an elastic layer and a mass layer. A limiting component covers the side of the mass layer away from the interior panel and is fixed to the surface of the interior panel via the limiting component. The vibration absorbers form a distributed structure on the surface of the interior panel, utilizing the combination of the elastic layer and the mass layer to absorb low-frequency noise.
It effectively absorbs low-frequency noise, improves the low-frequency sound insulation of rail vehicles, reduces in-vehicle noise, and enhances comfort. At the same time, it does not take up too much space, has flexible installation positions, and can adapt to different design frequency requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN224427401U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to vibration absorption technology for rail vehicles, and in particular to an interior panel and a rail vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing operating speed of rail vehicles, the low-to-mid-frequency noise inside the train has increased significantly, especially for high-speed trains operating at speeds of 400 km / h. Under the premise of lightweight design and low axle load requirements, noise reduction structures need a higher performance-to-weight ratio, placing higher demands on the development of noise reduction solutions for the train body. Analysis of line test data shows that the noise inside high-speed trains is predominantly low-to-mid-frequency (100-315Hz), with a peak noise level of 160Hz at 350 km / h and around 176Hz at 400 km / h. However, low-to-mid-frequency noise, due to its low frequency and long wavelength, has always been a challenge for noise control. Existing noise reduction structures often have poor low-frequency sound insulation performance and are heavy, making them unsuitable for use in high-speed trains.
[0003] Therefore, how to improve the noise reduction effect of interior trim panels is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an interior panel and a rail vehicle that can reduce interior noise and improve comfort.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] An interior panel includes an interior panel body, a plurality of vibration absorbers disposed on the surface of the interior panel body, and a limiting component. The vibration absorbers are spaced apart, and each vibration absorber includes an elastic layer component and a mass layer component. The elastic layer component is located between the interior panel body and the mass layer component. The limiting component covers the side of the mass layer component away from the interior panel body, and the limiting component is fixed to the surface of the interior panel body.
[0007] On the other hand, the limiting component is a flexible component. The limiting component extends from the outer surface of the mass layer component away from the interior panel body to the side surface of the elastic layer component, and is then bonded and fixed to the surface of the interior panel body.
[0008] On the other hand, there are multiple vibration absorbers, and the vibration absorbers are spaced apart on the surface of the interior panel body.
[0009] On the other hand, the number of the limiting components is the same as the number of the vibration absorbers, and they are set in a one-to-one correspondence.
[0010] On the other hand, the vibration absorber is provided with several rows and several columns along the surface of the interior panel body, and the vibration absorber is disposed on the inner side of the interior panel body.
[0011] On the other hand, the elastic layer component is cubic or cuboid in shape, the mass layer component is plate-shaped, and the shape and size of the mass layer component are the same as the shape and size of the surface of the elastic layer component facing away from the interior panel body.
[0012] On the other hand, the vibration absorber includes a first vibration absorber and a second vibration absorber, wherein the elastic layer components of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different thicknesses; and / or, the mass layer components of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different weights.
[0013] On the other hand, the number of vibration absorbers is at least three, and the thickness of the elastic layer component in each vibration absorber is different, and / or the weight of the mass layer component in each vibration absorber is different.
[0014] On the other hand, the elastic layer component is a silicone foam component; the mass layer component is a stainless steel plate component; and / or, the limiting component is a non-woven fabric component.
[0015] This utility model also provides a rail vehicle, including the interior panel described in any one of the above.
[0016] The interior panel provided by this utility model includes an interior panel body, a plurality of vibration absorbers disposed on the surface of the interior panel body, and a limiting component. The vibration absorbers are spaced apart, and each vibration absorber includes an elastic layer component and a mass layer component. The elastic layer component is located between the interior panel body and the mass layer component. The limiting component covers the side of the mass layer component facing away from the interior panel body and is fixed to the surface of the interior panel body. The interior panel provided by this utility model, by spaced apart, arranges multiple vibration absorbers on the surface of the interior panel body. When the interior panel body vibrates, the vibration absorbers vibrate. Through the arrangement of the elastic layer component, the mass layer component, and the limiting component, the size of the elastic layer component and the mass layer component can be flexibly selected according to different noise reduction requirements. This effectively absorbs low-frequency noise, fully utilizes the structural characteristics of the interior panel body, does not occupy too much space, and the vibration absorbers are easy to arrange and can be flexibly installed. This interior panel can improve the low-frequency sound insulation of the rail vehicle body, reduce interior noise, and improve comfort. Thanks to the structure of the interior panel body, it is easy to operate, saves space, and allows for flexible arrangement.
[0017] The rail vehicle provided by this utility model is equipped with the aforementioned interior panel. Since the interior panel has the aforementioned technical effects, the rail vehicle equipped with the interior panel should also have the corresponding technical effects. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the interior panel provided by this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of vibration absorbers in the interior panel provided by this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the position of the interior panel provided by this utility model in the side wall of the rail vehicle body;
[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the simulation results of the sound insulation of the interior panel provided by this utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 The sound insulation test results of the interior panel provided by this utility model.
[0024] Figure label:
[0025] 1-Interior panel body; 2-Vibration absorber; 21-Elastic layer component; 22-Mass layer component; 3-Limiting component; 4-Side wall. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The core of this utility model is to provide an interior panel and a rail vehicle that can reduce interior noise, and the vibration absorber can be conveniently arranged and flexibly installed.
[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the interior panel provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of vibration absorbers in the interior panel provided by this utility model; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the position of the interior panel provided by this utility model in the side wall of the rail vehicle body; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the simulation results of the sound insulation of the interior panel provided by this utility model; Figure 5 The sound insulation test results of the interior panel provided by this utility model.
[0030] In this embodiment, the interior panel includes an interior panel body 1, a plurality of vibration absorbers 2 disposed on the surface of the interior panel body 1, and a limiting component 3. The limiting component 3 is used to fix the vibration absorbers 2 to the interior panel body 1, and the vibration absorbers 2 are spaced apart; for example Figure 1 As shown, the vibration absorber 2 includes an elastic layer component 21, a mass layer component 22, and a limiting component 3. The elastic layer component 21 is located between the interior panel body 1 and the mass layer component 22. The limiting component 3 covers the side of the mass layer component 22 away from the interior panel body 1 and is fixed to the surface of the interior panel body 1.
[0031] Specifically, the interior panel body 1, as part of the vehicle body, is connected and fixed to the side wall 4 of the vehicle body. The interior panel body 1 is generally a thin plate and generally has an appropriate curvature to match the shape of the side wall 4. The elastic layer component 21 in the shock absorber 2 is set close to the interior panel body 1, and the elastic layer component 21 can be pasted and fixed on the interior panel body 1. After the limiting component 3 covers the mass layer component 22, it is fixed to the interior panel body 1. The size of the limiting component 3 should be larger than the size of the mass layer component 22 and the side wall size of the elastic layer component 21, so that after the limiting component 3 covers both the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22, it can also be pasted and fixed on the surface of the interior panel body 1.
[0032] Specifically, the interior panel body 1 vibrates, which in turn causes the vibration absorber 2 to vibrate. When the vibration frequency of the interior panel body 1 is equal to the natural frequency of the system composed of the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22, the vibration displacement of the interior panel body 1 and the vibration absorber 2 are opposite. At this time, the instantaneous equivalent mass of the entire system is negative, and the vibration of the interior panel body 1 is suppressed, which achieves the purpose of vibration reduction. The natural frequency of the system is controlled by the thickness of the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22.
[0033] This interior panel, by spaced-aparting multiple vibration absorbers 2 on the surface of the panel body 1, causes the vibration absorbers 2 to vibrate when the panel body 1 vibrates. Through the arrangement of the elastic layer component 21, the mass layer component 22, and the limiting component 3, the dimensions of the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22 can be flexibly selected according to different noise reduction requirements. This effectively absorbs low-frequency noise, fully utilizes the structural characteristics of the interior panel body 1, does not occupy too much space, and allows for convenient arrangement and flexible installation of the vibration absorbers 2. This interior panel can improve the low-frequency sound insulation of the rail vehicle body, reduce interior noise, and improve comfort.
[0034] In some embodiments, the limiting component 3 is a flexible component. The limiting component 3 extends from the outer surface of the mass layer component 22 away from the interior panel body 1 to the side surface of the elastic layer component 21, and is then adhered and fixed to the surface of the interior panel body 1. Specifically, the limiting component 3 serves two purposes: firstly, it fixes the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22; secondly, it should also attenuate noise. For example, the limiting component 3 can be made of non-woven fabric. The interwoven fibers of the non-woven fabric form a porous network, and the vibration energy is converted into heat energy through the friction and viscosity effect of sound waves in the pores, thereby attenuating noise. Furthermore, the limiting component 3 and the surface of the interior panel body 1 can be glued together, which is convenient to operate and adds little weight, making it a preferred solution. Of course, other fixing methods can also be chosen, such as fasteners.
[0035] In some embodiments, there are multiple vibration absorbers 2, and the vibration absorbers 2 are spaced apart on the surface of the interior panel body 1; specifically, the spaced arrangement of the vibration absorbers 2 forms a distributed vibration absorption structure, which significantly improves the sound insulation of 100-315Hz; at the same time, since the strength performance of the side wall 4 profile of the vehicle body needs to be considered and cannot be changed, such as Figure 3 As shown, installing a distributed vibration-absorbing structure in the space of the four sections of the side wall is an effective measure to reduce low-frequency noise, and it has the advantages of being lightweight, having obvious effects, and being flexible in installation.
[0036] In some embodiments, the number of limiting components 3 is the same as the number of vibration absorbers 2, and they are set one-to-one. Specifically, by setting one limiting component 3 for each vibration absorber 2, the size of the fiber component should not be too large, just enough to fix the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22 to the interior panel body 1, which can further reduce the increase in weight caused by the increase in the size of the limiting component 3. Of course, under certain operating conditions, each vibration absorber 2 can also use the same limiting component 3, that is, the same non-woven fabric can cover all the elastic layer component 21 and the mass layer component 22.
[0037] In some embodiments, the vibration absorbers 2 are arranged in several rows and columns along the surface of the interior panel body 1. Specifically, the vibration absorbers 2 in each row and column can be evenly arranged to facilitate the arrangement of the vibration absorbers 2. The vibration absorbers 2 are located on the inner side of the interior panel body 1, which refers to the side of the interior panel body 1 that is away from the side wall 4, which can better reduce the noise in the interior space of the vehicle body.
[0038] In some embodiments, the elastic layer component 21 is cubic or cuboid, the mass layer component 22 is plate-shaped, and the shape and size of the mass layer component 22 are the same as the shape and size of the surface of the elastic layer component 21 facing away from the interior panel body 1, making the structure of the vibration absorber 2 more regular and facilitating the setting of the limiting component 3.
[0039] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber 2 includes a first vibration absorber and a second vibration absorber. The elastic layer components 21 of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different thicknesses. That is, different vibration absorbers 2 are formed by the different thicknesses of the elastic layer components 21, so as to be suitable for different design frequencies.
[0040] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber 2 includes a first vibration absorber and a second vibration absorber. The mass layer components 22 of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different weights. That is, different vibration absorbers 2 are formed by the different weights of the mass layer components 22, so as to be suitable for different design frequencies.
[0041] In some embodiments, the number of vibration absorbers 2 is at least three, and the thickness of the elastic layer component 21 in each vibration absorber 2 is different, and / or the weight of the mass layer component 22 in each vibration absorber 2 is different. This configuration means that, as needed, various vibration absorbers 2 can be designed for different design frequencies by adjusting the thickness of the elastic layer component 21 and / or the weight of the mass layer component 22. Increasing the thickness of the elastic layer component 21 will decrease the effective damping frequency, and increasing the weight of the mass layer component 22 will decrease the effective damping frequency, and vice versa. Because each distributed vibration absorber 2 has a limited bandwidth, taking 125Hz, 160Hz, 200Hz, 250Hz, 315Hz, etc., as design frequencies, for example, six different design frequencies can be selected, and different type numbers 1-7 can be assigned, such as... Figure 2 As shown, various vibration absorbers 2 are combined and composited on the interior panel body 1 in a certain number, and then their sound insulation performance is simulated to verify the effect. Figure 4 As shown.
[0042] In some embodiments, the elastic layer component 21 is a silicone foam component; specifically, the function of the elastic layer component 21 is to absorb and buffer energy. The elastic layer component 21 is selected as a silicone foam component because silicone foam components have good elasticity and are lightweight; of course, the elastic layer component 21 can also be selected as a component made of rubber, polyurethane, etc. The elastic layer component 21 absorbs external impact force through elastic deformation and reduces vibration transmission.
[0043] In some embodiments, the mass layer component 22 is a steel plate, which can be a stainless steel plate component. Stainless steel plate components are low in cost. The mass layer component 22 moves in the opposite direction to the elastic layer component 21 through inertial force, thus offsetting the vibration energy.
[0044] In some embodiments, the limiting component 3 is a non-woven fabric component. The fibers of the non-woven fabric component are interwoven to form a porous network. Through the friction and viscosity effect of sound waves in the pores, the vibration energy is converted into heat energy, thereby attenuating noise.
[0045] Specifically, in one embodiment, the interior panel includes an elastic layer component 21, a mass layer component 22, and a substrate. The substrate is the interior panel body 1, the elastic layer component 21 is silicone foam, and the mass layer component 22 is a steel plate. After determining the noise reduction target, the material of the distributed vibration absorber 2 is selected. After the material properties are determined, the geometric dimensions are used as design parameters. The effective modal frequency is made to the required noise reduction frequency by changing the thickness of the elastic layer and the mass layer. The interior panel body 1 is used as the mounting substrate, and the elastic layer component 21 of the distributed vibration absorber 2 is directly connected to the interior panel body 1. This combination is installed on the inner side of the interior panel body 1 on the cross section of the side wall 4. The combination is tested and verified in the laboratory to find a more reasonable combination. The test results are as follows. Figure 5 , Figure 5 In the design, the interior panel body 1 is a 1.2mm thick aluminum plate with a 1.2mm thick damping filler layer. For engineered installation, to ensure a secure connection, 3M adhesive is used to connect the interior panel body 1 and the vibration absorber 2. Then, non-woven fabric is used to cover the vibration absorber 2 and the interior panel body 1. The installation diagram is shown below. Figure 4 As shown. Then install the interior trim panels onto the original side wall section 4. One installation arrangement is as follows: Figure 3 Depending on the actual structure of the train, different numbers and types of distributed vibration absorbers need to be arranged in different combinations.
[0046] This interior panel was developed specifically for vibration and noise reduction in high-speed trains with a speed of 400 km / h. It aims to improve the low-frequency sound insulation of the side walls of the train body, reduce interior noise, and enhance comfort. Designed with a target frequency of 100-315Hz, the panel improves overall sound insulation by more than 2dB. It is also lightweight, increasing the surface density by ≤3kg / m³ compared to existing interior panels without altering the train body structure dimensions. 2It does not change the size of the interior panel body; it is flexible to install, highly reliable, and has a long service life. It can adapt to different vehicle sizes and has good applicability. It is easy to process and has a simple structure, consisting only of elastic layer component 21, mass layer component 22 and non-woven fabric. It uses the interior panel body 1 as a base and is assembled with glue.
[0047] This interior panel ensures the reliability of the distributed vibration absorber 2, and the limiting component 3 can be made of fireproof cloth to improve its sturdiness. Different models can be flexibly selected according to different usage environments and different noise reduction requirements, and it is not limited to 100Hz-315Hz. Other application scenarios can also be customized. With the help of the structure of the EMU distributed interior panel body 1, it occupies less space and is easy to arrange.
[0048] In addition to the aforementioned interior panel, this utility model also provides a rail vehicle including the aforementioned interior panel. For the structure of other parts of the rail vehicle, please refer to relevant technologies, which will not be repeated here.
[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0050] The interior trim panel provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An interior trim panel, characterized in that, The device includes an interior panel body (1), a plurality of vibration absorbers (2) disposed on the surface of the interior panel body (1), and a limiting component (3). The vibration absorbers (2) are spaced apart, and each vibration absorber (2) includes an elastic layer component (21) and a mass layer component (22). The elastic layer component (21) is located between the interior panel body (1) and the mass layer component (22). The limiting component (3) covers the side of the mass layer component (22) away from the interior panel body (1), and the limiting component (3) is fixed to the surface of the interior panel body (1).
2. The interior trim panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (3) is a flexible component. The limiting component (3) extends from the outer surface of the mass layer component (22) away from the interior panel body (1) to the side surface of the elastic layer component (21) and is then bonded and fixed to the surface of the interior panel body (1).
3. The interior trim panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of vibration absorbers (2) is multiple, and the vibration absorbers (2) are spaced apart on the surface of the interior panel body (1).
4. The interior trim panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the limiting components (3) is the same as the number of the vibration absorbers (2), and they are set in a one-to-one correspondence.
5. The interior trim panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration absorber (2) is provided with several rows and several columns along the surface of the interior panel body (1), and the vibration absorber (2) is disposed on the inner side of the interior panel body (1).
6. The interior trim panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic layer component (21) is cubic or cuboid in shape, the mass layer component (22) is plate-shaped, and the shape and size of the mass layer component (22) are the same as the shape and size of the elastic layer component (21) on the side facing away from the interior panel body (1).
7. The interior panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration absorber (2) includes a first vibration absorber and a second vibration absorber, wherein the elastic layer components (21) of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different thicknesses; and / or, the mass layer components (22) of the first vibration absorber and the second vibration absorber have different weights.
8. The interior panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of vibration absorbers (2) is at least three, and the thickness of the elastic layer component (21) in each vibration absorber (2) is different, and / or the weight of the mass layer component (22) in each vibration absorber (2) is different.
9. The interior trim panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The elastic layer component (21) is a silicone foam component; the mass layer component (22) is a stainless steel plate component; and / or, the limiting component (3) is a non-woven fabric component.
10. A rail vehicle, comprising an interior panel, characterized in that, The interior panel is the interior panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.