Underwater archaeological multi-layer screening box
By using the multi-layer screening and collection design of the underwater archaeology screening box, the problem of loss of minute samples was solved, and efficient screening and complete collection of samples were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ARCHAEOLOGICAL RES CENT OF THE STATE ADMINISTRATION OF CULTURAL RELICS
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing underwater archaeological screening equipment is unable to effectively screen out tiny archaeological samples, such as animal bones and plant seeds, causing these samples to be lost with sediment.
Layered filtration was employed using 5-mesh, 10-mesh, 40-mesh, and 80-mesh filters. The sediment was sieved through filters with different pore sizes. Combined with a slope design and flushing channels, the integrity of the sample collection was ensured.
It improves the efficiency of screening small archaeological samples, reduces the risk of sample loss, and reduces the workload of archaeologists.
Smart Images
Figure CN224541143U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater archaeology equipment technology, specifically to a multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology. Background Technology
[0002] Underwater archaeology is a discipline that studies human underwater cultural heritage. It combines techniques and methods from multiple disciplines such as archaeology, diving science, marine engineering, oceanography, and geology, with the aim of discovering, recording, protecting, and interpreting traces of human activity submerged in bodies of water (oceans, lakes, rivers, reservoirs, etc.).
[0003] During underwater archaeology, a large number of cultural relics are found in the mud and sand. However, it is very time-consuming and labor-intensive for archaeologists to manually sift through the mud and sand underwater. To address this issue, the existing No. 2 heavy-duty stainless steel screen with a mesh size of 12.7mm is used in conjunction with underwater mud pumping equipment. By combining the underwater mud pumping equipment and the screen, cultural relics can be sifted out without requiring archaeologists to manually sift through the mud underwater for extended periods.
[0004] In actual use, although underwater dredging equipment and screens can be used to screen cultural relics, the size of the screen mesh is 12.7mm. Small cultural relics such as copper coins and porcelain shards can be removed during the dredging process, but tiny cultural relics samples such as animal bones, plant seeds and phytoliths cannot be screened out. These tiny archaeological samples will be lost with the mud and sand.
[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an underwater archaeological multi-layer screening box that uses 5-mesh, 10-mesh, 40-mesh, and 80-mesh filters to separate small artifacts and tiny samples from archaeological sites, thereby reducing the loss of archaeological samples with sediment.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology includes a box body, at least one water inlet on the top of the box body, a screening cavity corresponding to the water inlet inside the box body, a collection cavity located directly below the screening cavity inside the box body, a collection component for collecting filter residue inside the collection cavity, several pull-out drawers that can be slidably arranged along the height direction inside the screening layer, each drawer being equipped with a filter screen, and the mesh count of the filter screen in the upper drawer being smaller than that in the lower drawer, and several support rings fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of each drawer along its circumference.
[0008] The technical principle of the above scheme is as follows: the silt enters the screening chamber through the inlet, and then is screened in layers through filters with different mesh sizes. After the silt is screened, it enters the collection chamber for collection.
[0009] The above-mentioned approach has the following advantages: Compared with the existing technology, this approach uses filters with different mesh sizes to screen the sediment in layers, so that archaeological samples of different sizes can be screened out, thereby reducing the risk of small archaeological samples being lost with the sediment.
[0010] Furthermore, the collection component includes a collection channel that connects to the bottom of the side wall of the collection chamber. A flushing channel is connected to the side of the side wall of the collection chamber away from the collection channel. A ramp is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the collection chamber, with the side of the ramp near the flushing channel being higher than the side near the collection channel.
[0011] Beneficial effects: The slope design allows sediment to slide into the collection channel after entering the collection chamber. When some sediment adheres to the slope surface, water is injected into the collection chamber through the flushing channel to wash away the sediment on the slope, ensuring that all sediment enters the collection pipe. This prevents sediment from accumulating in the collection chamber and clogging the filter.
[0012] Furthermore, a cover plate is hinged to the side of the collection channel away from the collection chamber, and several locking buckles are fixedly connected to the side of the collection channel away from the cover plate. A silicone ring is fixedly connected to the side of the collection channel near the cover plate.
[0013] Beneficial effects: The design of the cover and locking buckle can control the opening and closing of the collection channel. The design of the silicone ring ensures that when the cover is closed, the silicone ring is squeezed by the cover, keeping the collection channel opening sealed and preventing mud and sand from leaking out and causing the loss of archaeological samples.
[0014] Furthermore, a dust cover is detachably attached to the top of the flushing channel.
[0015] Beneficial effects: The dust cover design prevents debris from entering the collection chamber and mixing with the mud and sand when the flushing channel is not in use, thus reducing the workload of archaeological work.
[0016] Furthermore, the inlet is equipped with corresponding clamps, and the inner walls of the clamps are all fixedly connected with rubber layers.
[0017] Beneficial effects: The rubber layer design provides a buffer between the pipe connected to the inlet and the clamp. At the same time, the clamp squeezes the rubber layer to seal the joint between the pipe and the inlet, preventing water leakage at the inlet and thus avoiding the loss of archaeological samples.
[0018] Furthermore, each drawer has a handle fixedly attached to the side away from the rinsing channel.
[0019] Beneficial effect: The handle design makes it easier to pull the drawer.
[0020] Furthermore, magnets that attract each other are provided on the two side walls where the box body and drawer come into contact.
[0021] Beneficial effect: The design of magnets on the box and drawers allows the drawer to be fixed in the box by the magnetic attraction of the magnets when it is pushed in and pressed against the inner wall of the box.
[0022] Furthermore, the side where the drawer and handle are fixedly connected is made of a transparent panel.
[0023] Beneficial effects: The transparent design allows for direct observation of the amount of archaeological samples inside the drawer, enabling timely collection of samples and preventing sample accumulation that could clog the filter.
[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall isometric view of an embodiment of the underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the drawer structure of an embodiment of the underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a horizontal sectional view of the inlet of an embodiment of the underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box of this utility model.
[0026] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Box body; 2. Drawer; 3. Divider; 4. Handle; 5. Water inlet; 6. Screening chamber; 7. Collection chamber; 8. 5-mesh filter; 9. 10-mesh filter; 10. 40-mesh filter; 11. 80-mesh filter; 12. Support ring; 13. Slide groove; 14. Slider; 15. Ramp; 16. Collection channel; 17. Flushing channel; 18. Dust cover; 19. Cover plate; 20. Locking buckle; 21. Rubber layer; 22. Snap ring; 23. Clamping piece; 24. Bolt; 25. Nut; 26. Through hole. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown: An underwater archaeological multi-layer screening box includes a box body 1, preferably a square shape of 1×2×1.6 meters. The box body 1 is used in conjunction with an underwater dredging device, preferably an airlift device. At least one water inlet 5 is connected to the top of the box body 1, preferably two symmetrically arranged inlets 5. To prevent the loss of sediment and archaeological samples due to insecure connections between the water inlets 5 and the underwater dredging device, as shown in the attached diagram... Figure 2 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the five inlets are secured to the water pipes of the underwater dredging equipment using clamps; specifically as follows... Figure 5As shown, the clamp mainly includes clamping rings 22, all of which have a diameter larger than that of the inlet 5. All clamping rings 22 are arc-shaped structures. Clamping plates 23 are welded to both ends of each clamping ring 22, and each clamping plate 23 has a through hole 26 in its center. A bolt 24 is provided on one side of each clamping ring 22, with threads connecting the bolt 24 to the through hole 26. A nut 25 is also threaded onto one side of the bolt 24. The threaded engagement of the bolt 24 and nut 25 controls the distance of the clamping plates 23, bringing the inner wall of the clamping ring 22 closer to the outer wall of the inlet 5, thereby fixing the water pipe of the underwater extraction equipment at the inlet 5. To prevent excessive compression of the water pipe during clamping of the clamping ring 22, which could damage the water pipe, see attached... Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the retaining ring 22 is fixedly connected with a rubber layer 21 by adhesive.
[0031] When archaeological samples accumulate inside box 1, they need to be removed and collected. At this point, screening work cannot continue inside the screening box. To allow for rotation of the screening box, facilitate timely cleaning, and improve the efficiency of the screening box, as shown in the attached document... Figure 2 As shown, several partitions 3 are welded to the middle of the top wall inside the housing 1. Preferably, only one partition 3 is provided, and the bottom of the partition 3 does not contact the bottom wall inside the housing 1. The partitions 3 divide the housing 1 into several screening chambers 6 corresponding to the water inlet 5. Preferably, two screening chambers 6 are provided. Each screening chamber 6 has several screening layers arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Preferably, four screening layers are provided. Each screening layer has a pull-out drawer 2. A handle 4 is welded to the side wall of the drawer 2 away from the housing 1 to improve the ease of pushing and pulling the drawer. Different mesh sizes of filter screens are arranged sequentially in the drawers 2 inside the screening chamber 6 from top to bottom. Furthermore, the mesh count of the filter screen in the upper drawer 2 is smaller than that in the lower drawer 2; the filter screens in the four screening layers are preferably set as 5-mesh filter screen 8, 10-mesh filter screen 9, 40-mesh filter screen 10 and 80-mesh filter screen 11 from top to bottom, and several support rings 12 for supporting the filter screen are welded to the bottom of each drawer 2; after the drawer 2 slides into the box 1, mud and sand enter at the water inlet 5. In order to prevent the impact of mud and sand on the drawer 2 from causing the drawer 2 to slide out and the mud screening to fail, the drawer 2 needs to be fixed. Magnets that attract each other are provided on the two side walls of the box 1 that contact the drawer 2. Even after sieving through screening chamber 6, a small number of archaeological samples still remained. To prevent the direct discharge of the sediment and subsequent loss of the archaeological samples, as shown in the attached document... Figure 2 and attached Figure 3As shown, the bottom of the box 1 is provided with a collection chamber 7, and the collection chamber 7 is provided with a collection assembly for collecting filter residues. The collection assembly includes a collection channel 16, which is connected to the bottom of the collection chamber 7. The side wall of the collection chamber 7 away from the collection channel 16 is connected to a rinsing channel 17. A dust cover 18 is detachably connected to the top of the rinsing channel 17 to prevent impurities from entering and reduce the amount of archaeological work. A slope 15 is welded to the bottom wall of the collection chamber 7. The side of the slope 15 near the rinsing channel 17 is higher than the side near the collection channel 16. If the sediment continues to be discharged, it may lead to untimely sediment collection, resulting in the loss of sediment containing archaeological samples. Therefore, it is necessary to control the outflow of sediment in the collection chamber 7, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, a cover plate 19 is hinged to the side of the collection channel 16 away from the collection chamber 7. Several locking buckles 20 are welded to the side of the collection channel 16 away from the cover plate 19. A silicone ring is fixedly connected to the side of the collection channel 16 near the cover plate 19 by adhesive.
[0032] The specific implementation process is as follows: When archaeologists need to extract archaeological samples from underwater mud and sand, they need to use underwater mud pumping equipment to pump the underwater mud and sand. The water pipe of the underwater mud pumping equipment is placed at one of the inlets 5, so that the inlet 5 is located inside the water pipe. At this time, the bolt 24 is rotated so that the clamping plate 23 moves closer and closer until the rubber layer 21, the water pipe wall and the outer wall of the inlet 5 are tightly attached, thereby fixing the water pipe. Each screening chamber 6 is equipped with four screening layers. Each screening layer is equipped with a drawer 2. Each screening chamber 6 has a 5-mesh filter 8, a 10-mesh filter 9, a 40-mesh filter 10 and an 80-mesh filter 11 placed in the drawer 2 from top to bottom. The filters are supported by the support ring 12 at the bottom of the drawer 2. After the filters are installed, the drawer 2 is pushed into the box 1. The drawer 2 is fixed in the box 1 by magnetic attraction. At this point, the underwater dredging equipment is activated to begin dredging. The silt enters the screening chamber 6 through the inlet 5 and is filtered sequentially through a 5-mesh filter 8, a 10-mesh filter 9, a 40-mesh filter 10, and an 80-mesh filter 11. Archaeological samples of varying sizes are piled up in their corresponding drawers 2. The silt filtered by the screening chamber 6 enters the collection chamber 7. The silt in the collection chamber 7 slides down the ramp 15 to the collection channel 16. The collection container is then placed at the opening of the collection channel 16, the locking buckle 20 is unlocked, and the cover 19 is opened to discharge and collect the silt. This facilitates further screening of the archaeological samples using flotation solution, thereby reducing the loss rate of the archaeological samples. When some silt adheres to the ramp 15, the dust cover 18 is opened, and water is injected into the rinsing channel 17 to rinse the silt on the ramp 15, ensuring that all silt can be collected. When the rinsing channel 17 is not in use, the dust cover 18 is closed to prevent external impurities from entering the collection chamber 7 and increasing the workload of the archaeologists.
[0033] When too many archaeological samples accumulate in drawer 2 of screening chamber 6, screening chamber 6 can be replaced. At this time, the underwater mud pumping equipment should be turned off, and then the water pipe should be connected to another water inlet 5 and fixed. The mud and sand should be screened through another screening chamber 6 to facilitate the removal and collection of accumulated archaeological samples.
[0034] In addition, as attached Figure 1 As shown, because pulling out drawer 2 to observe the quantity of archaeological samples inside would cause some mud and sand to leak through the sieve, a transparent plate is designed on the side of drawer 2 that is fixedly connected to handle 4 to facilitate observation of the quantity of archaeological samples inside drawer 2. The transparent plate design allows direct observation of the accumulation of archaeological samples inside drawer 2, thus enabling a direct determination of whether rotational sieving is necessary.
[0035] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A multi-layer screening box for underwater archaeology, comprising a box body (1), wherein at least one water inlet (5) is connected to the top of the box body (1), characterized in that: The box (1) is provided with a screening chamber (6) corresponding to the water inlet. A collection chamber (7) is opened in the box (1) directly below the screening chamber. A collection component for collecting filter residue is provided in the collection chamber (7). The collection component includes a collection channel (16). The collection channel (16) can connect to the bottom of the side wall of the collection chamber (7). The side wall of the collection chamber (7) away from the collection channel (16) is connected to a rinsing channel (17). A ramp (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the collection chamber (7). The side of the ramp (15) near the rinsing channel (17) is higher than the side near the collection channel (16). Several drawers (2) that can be pulled out are slidably arranged in the screening chamber (6) along the height direction. The bottom of each drawer (2) is set with a filter screen. The mesh number of the filter screen in the upper drawer (2) is smaller than that in the lower drawer (2). Several support rings (12) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of each drawer (2) along its circumference.
2. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate (19) is hinged to the side of the collection channel (16) away from the collection chamber (7). Several locking buckles (20) are fixedly connected to the side of the collection channel (16) away from the cover plate (19). A silicone ring is fixedly connected to the side of the collection channel (16) near the cover plate (19).
3. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the flushing channel (17) is detachably connected to a dust cover (18).
4. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet (5) is equipped with a corresponding clamp, and the inner wall of the clamp is fixedly connected with a rubber layer (21).
5. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (4) is fixedly connected to the side of the drawer (2) away from the flushing channel (17).
6. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Magnets that attract each other are provided on the two side walls of the box (1) and the drawer (2) that are in contact with each other.
7. The underwater archaeology multi-layer screening box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side where the drawer (2) and handle (4) are fixedly connected is made of transparent plate.