Energy conversion plant

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy conversion system. The energy conversion system is characterized in particular by its ease of integration into a structure with a predominantly vertical interior. For this purpose, a rotatable shaft with at least one rotor blade and / or with several vanes arranged in horizontal planes around the circumference of the rotatable shaft is vertically arranged in or on a tubular tower or shaft with a predominantly vertical interior, either within or attached to a building. The rotatable shaft is connected to at least one device for converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy. The tubular tower or shaft has at least one opening in its lower region.Furthermore, the tubular tower or shaft is open at the top for air circulation and / or has at least one second opening in the upper end area and / or has an injector and / or a diffuser on the tubular tower or shaft.

Description

The invention relates to an energy conversion plant.Unused chimneys can be equipped with energy conversion systems, with vane wheels connected to a generator being used for energy conversion. Such a chimney-shaft generator is known from the publication DE 20 2015 006 246 U1. For this purpose, a mounting plate is placed on or in the chimney, on which a power generator runs on a drive shaft. An impeller or a plurality of impellers are mounted on the drive shaft.The document DE 463 711 A includes a turbine operating with chimney train. Furthermore, it is provided with wind fins arranged around the foot of the chimney and extending in an arc shape to the chimney, behind which a front space is arranged below the wind turbine. By means of a guiding device, the incident wind is forced to rise into the chimney shaft.The invention specified in patent claim 1 is based on the object of easily integrating an energy conversion system into a structure having a predominantly vertically extending interior.This object is achieved with the features set out in claim 1.The energy conversion system is distinguished in particular in that it can be easily integrated into a structure having a predominantly perpendicular interior.For this purpose, a rotatable shaft with at least one moving blade and / or with a plurality of blades distributed in horizontal planes around the circumference of the rotatable shaft is arranged vertically in a tubular tower or in a shaft with a predominantly vertically running interior in or on a building. The rotatable shaft is connected to at least one device for converting kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy. The tubular tower or shaft has at least one first opening in the lower region. Furthermore, the tubular tower or the shaft is open at the top for air circulation and / or has at least one second opening in the upper end region and / or has an injector and / or a diffuser on the tubular tower or the shaft.The shaft with the blade and / or the moving blade, which is arranged rotatably vertically in a tubular tower or in a shaft with a predominantly vertically running interior space in or on a building, in each case as a structure, is used as an energy conversion system in conjunction with the device which converts the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy, wherein the tubular tower or the shaft has at least one first opening in the lower region, which is located below the blade and / or the moving blade, and the tubular tower or the shaft has a diffuser or is open at the top for air circulation, and / or has at least one second opening in the upper end region.The energy conversion system is characterized in particular in that existing structures having a vertically extending interior can be used for converting kinetic energy by the air circulation into electrical energy. The air circulation is ensured by the two openings to the outside. In this way, in particular buildings with vertical interior spaces that are present can be equipped with energy conversion systems. In particular, the tubular towers of wind turbines which cannot be used further and can thus be used further. After removal of the nacelle, the shaft with vanes and / or blades may be placed in the tubular tower. For this purpose, the shaft can consist of several parts to be connected to one another and thus connected in the tubular tower. The device converting the kinetic energy of the shaft into electrical energy, for example an electrical generator, can likewise be placed in the tubular tower. Particularly advantageous in the case of such further use of the tubular tower is the fact that the electrical components of the wind turbine, in particular the feeding of the electrical energy into a power supply network, are already present. Advantageously, the door opening of the tubular tower can also be used simultaneously as a lower opening. When the nacelle is removed, the tubular tower is automatically open at the top. For protection, a cover may be arranged over the end and spaced apart from it. Moreover, an injector and / or a diffuser may be arranged on the tubular tower. The injector draws in the air in addition to the chimney effect already present. The power of the energy conversion plant is thus increased by increasing the air speed. For this purpose, the latter has a continuous or discontinuous reduction in the flow cross section. The diffuser slows the flow of air so that kinetic energy is converted to pressure energy. For this purpose, the latter has a continuous or discontinuous widening of the flow cross section.The outer wall of the tower can furthermore have a color which absorbs the electromagnetic radiation of the sun, so that the temperature and thus the thermals in the interior of the tower are increased.The energy conversion system is especially characterized in that it delivers electrical energy without interruption and thus 365 days per year, since this is independent of sunlight, wind and other weather influences and the thermal system is permanently present.In new buildings, ventilation ducts can be provided which can be used simultaneously as load-bearing elements. For this purpose, these channels can be designed as a shaft with a predominantly perpendicular interior space in or on the building as a new construction in prefabricated construction, wherein individual elements are simply placed one above the other. These channels can be easily equipped with energy conversion equipment. These can also be shafts of chimneys of existing buildings, in particular of residential houses, which can thus be equipped with energy conversion plants in the course of the return of combustion plants of fossil fuels.Further pipe networks, such as, for example, existing waste water pipe networks, mining shafts, mining shafts or other channels, can be used to reinforce the thermal system.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in the following developments and embodiments. These may further develop the energy conversion system and the use of a rotatable shaft having at least one blade and / or at least one moving blade in conjunction with at least one kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into an electrical energy converting device individually or in a combination.In one embodiment, the moving blade is at least partially helical. For this purpose, it is also possible to arrange a plurality of blades or moving blades with a curved profile, which blades or moving blades are arranged distributed in horizontal planes around the circumference of the rotatable shaft. In addition, a plurality of blades or a plurality of rotor blades can also be arranged spaced apart one above the other on the rotatable shaft. For this purpose, the shaft can also consist of several parts with blades and / or rotor blades, so that a simple transport and a simple assembly of the shaft in the interior of the structure running predominantly vertically are provided. For this purpose, the rotor blades can advantageously be helical.In one embodiment, a plurality of blades or a plurality of blades are spaced apart one above the other on the rotatable shaft. Furthermore, the diameter of the blades and / or the rotor blades increases from bottom to top.An electric generator as the device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electric energy is arranged in the tubular tower or in the shaft in one embodiment. For this purpose, the rotatable shaft can also be connected to the electric generator via a transmission.The rotatable shaft is positioned in the tubular tower or in the shaft in an embodiment with at least two holding devices. The device converting the electrical energy can also be a holding device.At or spaced apart from the tubular tower or at or spaced apart from the shaft, in one embodiment a photovoltaic system with outwardly facing solar cells is arranged. The outer surface of the tower or shaft can thus be used for further energy generation. The embodiment with a photovoltaic system arranged on the tubular tower or on the shaft leads to heating of the tower or the shaft, so that the thermals in the tower or in the shaft are enhanced and thus lead to an increased energy conversion by means of the blades or the moving blades in conjunction with the device which converts the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy.In one embodiment, the photovoltaic installation surrounds the tubular tower or shaft at least in regions. Furthermore, the intermediate space between the photovoltaic installation and the tubular tower or shaft has at least one inlet air opening in the lower region of the tower or shaft and at least one outlet air opening in the upper region of the tower or shaft. The air flow in the intermediate space can thus be used for cooling the solar cells of the photovoltaic system.The space of the tubular tower or shaft and the intermediate space between the photovoltaic installation and the tubular tower or shaft are connected to one another via the injector and / or the diffuser in one embodiment. The air flowing in the interspace is heated by the solar cells and rises as a result of its physical properties. The ascending air is conducted via an opening into the injector and / or the diffuser.The space of the tubular tower or shaft and the intermediate space between the photovoltaic installation and the tubular tower or shaft are connected to the diffuser via the injector in one embodiment. This results in a further increase in the performance of the energy conversion system compared to the embodiment with the injector.In one embodiment, the diffuser and / or the injector is or are at least partially frustoconical and / or frustopyramidal.The device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy or the device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy and the photovoltaic system is or are connected in one embodiment or in embodiments to a line network and / or an electrical energy store and / or an electrolyser for water electrolysis in conjunction with a container and / or a line network.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is in each case illustrated in principle in the drawings and is described in more detail below.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows an energy conversion plant in a tubular tower, FIG. 2 shows a rotatable shaft with rotor blades with diameters increasing from bottom to top in a tubular tower, and FIG. 3 shows energy conversion installations in and on a tubular tower.An energy conversion system essentially consists of a rotatable shaft 1 with at least one moving blade 2 and / or with a plurality of blades arranged distributed in horizontal planes around the circumference of the rotatable shaft 1, in conjunction with a device in a structure that converts the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft 1 into electrical energy.FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of an energy conversion plant in a tubular tower 3.The structure has a predominantly vertically extending interior space 4. The tubular tower 3 can be, in particular, a tubular tower 3 of a wind turbine which cannot be used further. In the interior 4 of the tubular tower 3 there is located the rotatable shaft 1 with blades and / or rotor blades 2 arranged vertically. For this purpose, these parts can have the blades, the rotor blades 2 and / or parts of rotor blades 2. For this purpose, a plurality of blades and / or rotor blades 2 can be arranged distributed around the circumference of the rotatable shaft 1 in one and / or a plurality of planes. The at least one moving blade 2 can also be helical at least in regions. In a further embodiment, a plurality of moving blades 2 running in the vertical direction and arranged at a distance from one another can also be fastened to the rotatable shaft 1. The rotatable shaft 1 can be positioned in the structure 3 by at least one holding device 7.The rotatable shaft 1 is connected via a device 5 having at least one bearing and a gear mechanism to a device in the form of an electric generator 6 which converts the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft 1 into electrical energy and is connected to an electrical grid and / or an electrical energy store and / or an electrolyser for water electrolysis in conjunction with a container and / or a pipeline grid.The structure has at least one first opening 8 in the lower region, which is located under the blades, moving blades 2 and / or the moving blade 2. In the case of a tubular tower 3 of a wind turbine, a first opening 8 can advantageously be the door of the tubular tower 3. The structure is furthermore open at the top for air circulation and / or has at least one second opening 9 in the upper end region.Thus, the shaft 1 with blades, moving blades 2 and / or a moving blade 2 arranged vertically in a structure in the form of a tubular tower 3, a chimney or a shaft with a predominantly vertically extending interior 4 in or on a building is used as an energy conversion system in conjunction with the device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft 1 into electrical energy, wherein the tubular tower 3 or the shaft has in the lower region at least one first opening 8, which is located under the blades and / or the at least one moving blade 2, and the tubular tower 3 or the shaft is open at the top for air circulation and / or has in the upper end region at least one second opening 9.FIG. 2 shows a basic illustration of a rotatable shaft 1 with rotor blades 2 with diameters increasing from bottom to top in a tubular tower 3.In one embodiment, a plurality of rotor blades 2 can be arranged spaced apart one above the other on the rotatable shaft 1 in such a way that their diameters become larger from bottom to top. The rotor blades 2 can furthermore be curved profiled.FIG. 3 shows energy conversion systems in and on a tubular tower 3 in a basic illustration.In a further embodiment, a photovoltaic system 10 with outwardly facing solar cells is arranged at a distance from the tubular tower 3, which photovoltaic system surrounds the tubular tower 3 at least in regions. The intermediate space 11 formed by the distance of the photovoltaic installation 10 from the tubular tower 3 has at least one inlet air opening 12 in the lower region of the tubular tower 3 and at least one outlet air opening 13 on the upper region of the tubular tower 3. The interior 4 of the tubular tower 3 and the intermediate space 11 between the photovoltaic installation 10 and the tubular tower 3 are connected to one another via the injector 14 and / or the diffuser 15. In this way, in particular the interior 4 of the tubular tower 3 and the intermediate space 11 between the photovoltaic system 10 and the tubular tower 3 can be connected to the diffuser 15 via the injector 14. The structural unit can thus consist of the diffuser 15 on the injector 14. The diffuser 15 and / or the injector 14 is or are in particular at least partially frustoconical and / or frustopyramidal, so that the injector 14 has a continuous or discontinuous reduction in the flow cross section and the diffuser 15 has a continuous or discontinuous widening of the flow cross section. The diffuser 15 may further have a cover.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 20 2015 006 246 U1

[0002] DE 463 711 A

[0003]

Claims

Energy conversion plant, characterized in that a rotatable shaft (1) with at least one moving blade (2) and / or with a plurality of blades arranged distributed in horizontal planes around the circumference of the rotatable shaft (1) is arranged vertically in a tubular tower (3) or in a shaft with an interior space (4) running predominantly vertically in or on a building, in that the rotatable shaft (1) is connected to at least one device converting kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft into electrical energy, in that the tubular tower (3) or the shaft has at least one first opening (8) in the lower region, and in that the tubular tower (3) or the shaft is open at the top for air circulation and / or has at least one second opening (9) in the upper end region and / or has an injector (14) and / or a diffuser (15) on the tubular tower (3) or the shaft.Energy conversion system according to Patent Claim 1, characterized in that the moving blade (2) is profiled at least in regions in a helical or curved manner.Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a plurality of blades and / or a plurality of rotor blades (2) are arranged at a distance one above the other on the rotatable shaft (1), and in that the diameter of the blades and / or of the rotor blades (2) increases from bottom to top.Energy conversion installation according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the device which converts the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft (1) into electrical energy is an electrical generator (6) which is arranged in the tubular tower (3) or in the shaft.Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotatable shaft (1) is positioned in the tubular tower (3) or in the shaft by means of at least two holding devices (7).Energy conversion installation according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a photovoltaic installation (10) with outwardly pointing solar cells is arranged on or at a distance from the tubular tower (3) or on or at a distance from the shaft.Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the photovoltaic plant (10) surrounds the tubular tower (3) or shaft at least in regions, and in that the intermediate space (11) between the photovoltaic plant (10) and the tubular tower (3) or shaft has at least one inlet air opening (12) in the lower region of the tubular tower (3) or shaft and at least one outlet air opening (13) on the upper region of the tubular tower (3) or shaft.Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the interior (4) of the tubular tower (3) or shaft and the intermediate space (11) between the photovoltaic plant (10) and the tubular tower (3) or shaft are connected to one another via the injector (14) and / or the diffuser (15).Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the interior (4) of the tubular tower (3) or shaft and the intermediate space (11) between the photovoltaic plant (10) and the tubular tower (3) or shaft are connected to the diffuser (15) via the injector (14).Energy conversion system according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the injector (14) and / or the diffuser (15) is or are designed at least in regions in the form of a truncated cone and / or in the form of a truncated pyramid.Energy conversion plant according to at least one of Patent Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft (1) into electrical energy or the device converting the kinetic energy of the rotatable shaft (1) into electrical energy and the photovoltaic plant (10) is or are connected to a line network and / or an electrical energy store and / or an electrolyser for water electrolysis in conjunction with a container and / or a line network.

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