Measuring device for measuring electrical quantities

Abstract

Measuring instrument (1) for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring instrument (1) comprises a measuring unit (3) having measuring electronics (2) and an insert (4, 4', 4'') which is configured to supply a measuring current from a measuring location (5) to the measuring unit (3), wherein the measuring unit (3) has a receiving section (6) for receiving the insert (4, 4', 4'') and in the assembled state of the insert (4, 4', 4'') in the receiving section (6) one or more contacts (7, 7', 7'') of the insert (4, 4', 4'') are electrically connected to at least one corresponding counter-contact (8, 8', 8'') of the measuring unit (3).are, wherein a fuse receptacle (16) for receiving an electrical fuse (17) is arranged or formed on the measuring unit (3), wherein the fuse receptacle (16) is accessible via the receiving section (6) in the unassembled state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3) and the fuse receptacle (16) is not accessible in the assembled state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a measuring instrument for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a measuring unit with measuring electronics and an insert. Such measuring instruments are known in principle from the prior art. For example, measuring instruments for measuring electrical quantities, such as multimeters, are known which have plug sockets for connecting a probe, wherein a probe plug is attached directly to the measuring instrument without the need for an intermediate insert.

[0002] Typically, the functionality of the measuring device is factory-set and cannot be changed or expanded. Furthermore, the typical method of attaching a probe to the measuring device creates a fragile and flexible connection.

[0003] WO 2008 / 028 434 A1 describes an electrical add-on module for mounting on an installation device, wherein the installation device has at least two module positions, each with an electrical contact means for receiving an electrical counter-contact means, and wherein the add-on module has a housing in or on which the counter-contact means are arranged.

[0004] DE 100 61 854 A1 describes a module for measuring purposes with an electrical or electronic circuit arrangement, which has at least one power supply connection and at least one data line connection for connecting to at least one other module of the same type for measuring purposes in the manner of a bus. The electronic circuit arrangement is arranged in a housing, wherein the housing has a first contact surface and a second contact surface, wherein the first contact surface is mechanically detachable to the second contact surface of the other module.

[0005] DE 10 2020 108 528 A1 describes a measuring arrangement comprising a measuring device for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring device comprises a measuring unit having measuring electronics and an output unit having at least one output means, wherein information generated from and / or relating to the measuring unit can be output via the output unit, wherein the output unit can be detachably connected to or connected with the measuring unit.

[0006] The invention is based on the objective of providing a measuring device which is designed to be particularly easy and reliable to operate and whose range of functions can be expanded as required.

[0007] The problem is solved by a measuring device for measuring electrical quantities according to claim 1. Furthermore, the problem is solved by an arrangement according to claim 11 and a method according to claim 13. The dependent claims relate to possible embodiments of the measuring device and the arrangement, respectively.

[0008] The invention relates to a measuring instrument for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a measuring unit with measuring electronics and an insert which is configured for supplying a measuring current from a measuring point to the measuring unit at least partially, in particular completely, wherein the measuring unit has a receiving section for receiving the insert and, in the assembled state of the insert, one or more contacts of the insert are electrically conductively connected in the receiving section to at least one corresponding counter-contact of the measuring unit, wherein a fuse receptacle for receiving an electrical fuse is arranged or formed on the measuring unit, wherein, in the unassembled state of the insert and measuring unit, the fuse receptacle is accessible via the receiving section.The tamper receptacle is accessible via an opening formed by the receiving section (access opening), and is inaccessible when the insert and measuring unit are assembled. The insert can thus serve as a cover for an access opening for handling a tamper receptacle, so that when the insert and measuring unit are assembled, the access opening to the tamper receptacle is closed, and when the insert and measuring unit are not in place, or when the insert is detached from the measuring unit, an access opening to the measuring unit is exposed via the receiving section. This opening allows for the insertion of a tampering element into the tamper receptacle and / or its removal from the tamper receptacle. Because the insert serves as the housing closure for the tampering element, a separate housing cover for closing the tamper receptacle is unnecessary.Furthermore, by closing the fuse-receiving compartment of the measuring unit housing, a large opening area can be released, which allows for convenient handling, i.e., insertion and / or removal of the fuse.

[0009] It is possible for the measuring unit and the insert to form a rigid assembly when assembled. The receiving section can have a receiving space within the measuring unit, i.e., in a housing surrounding the measuring unit, so that the insert can be inserted into or onto the receiving section. Within the receiving space are mating contacts on the measuring unit side, which, when the measuring unit and insert are assembled, establish a conductive connection with contacts on the insert side. For this purpose, the mating contacts and the contacts can form a connection similar to a plug-and-socket connection. An assembled state can optionally also include an attached state, i.e., that the insert is inserted into or attached to a receiving section, so that an assembled state is also formed by an inserted state of the insert. The receiving section on the measuring unit side, or...The receiving space of the housing of the measuring unit can, for example, be designed as a cavity in which the insert is received or can be received at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely.

[0010] Because the measuring unit and the insert form a rigid connection, a rigid assembly consisting of the insert and the assembly can preferably be achieved by joining them. For this purpose, the insert and the assembly can each form at least predominantly, preferably completely, a rigid unit, so that in the assembled state of the measuring unit and insert, a rigid assembly consisting of the measuring unit and the insert is formed.

[0011] It is possible that, in the assembled state of the measuring unit and insert, at least three, preferably four, particularly preferably five, and most preferably six, contacts of the insert each form an electrically conductive connection with mating contacts of the measuring unit. The insert can be designed as a rigid unit, at least partially, preferably predominantly, and preferably completely, which has at least three contacts. Preferably, the at least three contacts of the insert are rigidly connected relative to each other. That is, during intended use of the insert and measuring unit, and especially during assembly of the insert and measuring unit, there is no relative movement of the contacts on the insert side and / or the mating contacts on the measuring unit side relative to each other.It is possible that the contacts and / or mating contacts are pre-tensioned by means of a spring element, and that during the assembly of the insert and measuring unit, a pre-tensioning force from the spring element acts to bring the contacts and mating contacts together or press them together. However, this spring-induced pre-tension should not be considered a movement that impairs the fundamental stiffness of the contacts relative to each other and / or the mating contacts relative to each other. Rather, the stiffness in question relates to the immutability of the alignment of the contacts relative to each other and / or the mating contacts relative to each other.

[0012] Preferably, each contact of the insert is assigned a corresponding contact of the measuring unit, particularly a single contact, such that in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, several contacts and corresponding contacts are each assigned to each other as a contact-corresponding contact pair. For example, a first contact with a first corresponding contact, a second contact with a second corresponding contact, and at least one third contact with at least one third corresponding contact can each be connected to each other as a contact-corresponding contact pair and separately from the other contact-corresponding contact pairs.

[0013] It is possible that at least one contact of the insert, preferably the majority of the contacts of the insert, and most preferably all contacts of the insert, is arranged or formed in at least one contact-receiving recess of the insert, into which at least one counter-contact of the measuring unit, designed as a highlight, can be received. In other words, the insert has at least one recess in which at least one contact on the insert side is received or arranged. For example, the insert has at least two, preferably at least three, contact-receiving recesses, wherein at least one contact, preferably exactly one contact, of the insert is arranged or formed in each contact-receiving recess.For example, each contact of the insert intended to establish an electrical connection with a mating contact on the measuring unit side can be arranged or formed in a contact receiving recess, wherein the contact receiving recesses are each formed separately from further contact receiving recesses on the insert side. By arranging at least one contact, in particular a single contact, in a contact receiving recess of the insert, spatial separation and / or a defined long connection path between adjacent contacts can be achieved, thus reducing the risk of short-circuiting between the adjacent contacts.

[0014] A contact recess is generally understood to be a recess in which at least one insert-side contact is arranged or formed, wherein, in a combined state of the insert and measuring unit, a mating contact of the measuring unit projects into the contact recess and touches the at least one contact. The contact recess can also be considered a pocket recess, which—with appropriate dimensions—serves as contact protection, e.g., against contact by a human finger, and / or as minimum distances for spatial separation to prevent contacts from interfering with each other, and / or as a mechanical stability measure (stiffening measure).

[0015] For example, the insert has at least two contact recesses, each containing either a single contact, two contacts, or three contacts, and each of these recesses accommodates at least one counter-contact of the measuring unit, designed as a raised element. Preferably, the number of contacts in a contact recess is identical to the number of counter-contacts designed as raised elements. In the assembled state, the raised elements on the measuring unit engage with the contact recesses of the insert in such a way that contact is established between the contacts on the insert and the counter-contacts on the measuring unit.

[0016] The insert can, for example, have a first contact recess with at least two contacts and at least a second contact recess with at least one further contact, wherein, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, at least one measuring unit-side mating contact, preferably two measuring unit-side mating contacts, can be received in each of the at least two contact recesses for contacting the contacts. This allows for a grouping of contacts in at least two contact recesses, such that a first and a second contact can be arranged or formed in a first contact recess and a third contact in a second contact recess separate from the first. This allows for the use of mutually non-critical current lines or...whose contacts are arranged or formed in a common contact recess, whereas a further power line, or at least one of its contacts, is arranged or formed in a contact recess separate from the first contact recess. For example, a first contact recess has one contact for a sensor line and another contact for a PE line, and a further contact recess has at least one contact for a low-voltage line. This provides spatial separation between the sensor line and the PE line from the at least one low-voltage line.

[0017] For example, the insert has a first group of at least two contact recesses, each with a first geometric shape, and a second group of contact recesses, each with a geometric shape different from the first. The different geometric shapes of the contact recesses enable a plug-in connection similar to, for example, Poka-Yoke; that is, the geometric shape allows for a defined orientation for connecting the insert and the measuring unit.

[0018] The insert can, for example, have at least three different contact recesses, each differing in the number of contacts accommodated within the respective recess and / or in the geometric shape of the recesses. This allows for an arrangement of the contacts and the contact recesses optimized to meet the requirements of the contacts with regard to their minimum distance from one another, in particular without having to provide a separate contact recess for each contact.

[0019] At least one contact recess, preferably the majority of the contact recesses, and particularly preferably all contact recesses, of the insert can have an elongated shape perpendicular to a feed axis for a mating contact to be received in the contact recess. In other words, at least one contact recess, and in particular the majority of the contact recesses, and particularly preferably all contact recesses, of the insert can have an elongated or slotted shape, wherein the longitudinal axis of the elongated slot runs perpendicular to the feed axis for bringing the insert and measuring unit together.The elongated hole shape perpendicular to the feed movement axis makes it possible to visually inspect the contact located in the contact recess and / or to clean the contact with an object, especially a rod-shaped one, while simultaneously preventing the contact from being touched by a human finger, since the narrow spacing of the elongated hole shape can be chosen such that a human finger cannot penetrate deep enough into the contact recess to touch the contact located in the contact recess.

[0020] It is possible that a first contact recess and a second contact recess each have an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis perpendicular to a feed axis for a mating contact to be received in the contact recess, wherein the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact recesses enclose an angle α of 45° to 135°, preferably 65° to 115°, particularly preferably 75° to 105°, most preferably 85° to 95°, and most preferably 90°, perpendicular to the feed axis of the at least two contact recesses, or are aligned parallel to each other. With the specified angular ranges of the angle α of the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact recesses perpendicular to the feed axis, a centering and / or guiding function can be enabled during the joining of the insert and measuring unit.The majority of the contact recesses, preferably all contact recesses, of the insert can, for example, have an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the feed movement axis for a counter-contact to be received in the contact recess.

[0021] The insert can, for example, have a plurality of contact recesses, arranged or configured in at least two rows of at least two contact recesses each. Preferably, the insert has contact recesses arranged in at least three rows of at least two contact recesses each. Arranging the contact recesses or the contacts within them in rows allows for advantageous orientation when identifying the individual contacts. Furthermore, arranging contact recesses in rows, particularly those with an elongated shape perpendicular to the feed axis, allows for a compact arrangement of the contact recesses. In a preferred embodiment, the insert can have at least two rows and at least two columns of contact recesses.

[0022] For example, the access opening, which is revealed by removing the insert, is dimensioned such that an electrical fuse can be manually inserted into the fuse holder. In particular, a human hand and / or at least one human finger can be brought through the access opening to the electrical fuse held in the fuse holder and preferably apply a tensile force to the fuse. For example, the fuse is held in the fuse holder by a clamping connection, whereby a force, in particular a tensile force, can be applied to the fuse, in particular directly, by the human finger brought through the access opening to the fuse, releasing or overcoming the clamping connection. The access opening can have an opening area of ​​at least 3500 cm². 2 up to 15000 cm 2, preferably 5250 cm 2 up to 10000 cm 2 , especially preferred 6100 cm 2 up to 8500 cm 2 , most preferably 6750 cm 2 up to 7700 cm 2 The access opening is preferably polygonal, and particularly preferably rectangular. In an exemplary embodiment, the access opening is rectangular and has a length-to-width ratio in the range of 1.0 to 2.0, preferably 1.02 to 1.75, particularly preferably 1.05 to 1.50, most preferably 1.07 to 1.25, and more preferably 1.10 to 1.15.

[0023] The measuring unit can, for example, have a cuboid shape with a length to width to height ratio of 2.5 to 5 to 1.5 to 2.4 to 1.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring device is configured so that, in its operating state (i.e., with the energy storage device installed), it has a total weight in the range of 0.75 kg to 20.0 kg, preferably 1.0 kg to 10.0 kg, particularly preferably 1.2 kg to 5.0 kg, most preferably 1.5 kg to 4.0 kg, and more preferably 1.75 kg to 3.0 kg. This makes the measuring device comfortably portable by a person.

[0025] It is possible that the insert has a receiving space which, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, receives or surrounds at least partially, preferably predominantly, preferably entirely, at least one fuse receptacle and / or a locking device received in a fuse receptacle. Thus, an insert housing forming the outer boundary of the insert can have a recess or a recess which, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, encompasses the receiving space for receiving the fuse receptacle and / or a locking device located in a fuse receptacle. This ensures that the fuse receptacle or the locking device intended to be received in a fuse receptacle is located in a generally exposed or...The fuse holder is located or designed at a protruding point of the measuring unit and is thus readily accessible, particularly manually, when the fuse is removed from the measuring unit. For example, the fuse holder has two clamping arms that can engage with two end sections of a fuse. The fuse is designed, for example, as a so-called device protection fuse, also known as a miniature fuse. The fuse can be designed, for example, as a cylindrical body that can be secured or is secured in a fuse holder on the measuring unit by means of a force-fit and / or form-fit connection. The cylindrical body of the miniature fuse can have conductive, particularly metallic, caps at its end sections, with clamping arms of the fuse holder holding the fuse at these end sections in an electrically conductive manner.

[0026] For example, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, at least one, preferably at least two, electrically operated fuse elements held on the measuring unit side are at least predominantly, preferably completely, accommodated or receivable within a receiving volume defined by the receiving space. In other words, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, two or more fuse elements can be accommodated at least predominantly, particularly preferably completely, within the receiving volume defined by elements or wall sections of the insert. Thus, the recess or receiving space of the insert housing is dimensioned such that the at least one fuse element can be accommodated.

[0027] Preferably, the receiving space of the insert can be designed as a shaft, in particular as a shaft with a rectangular base. The shaft-like receiving space can preferably be cuboid in shape and be bounded on at least three sides, preferably four sides, which in particular run along the axis of the feed movement. The sides can, for example, form the outer surface of a pot-shaped shaft, with the bottom of the pot forming an end face of the shaft-like receiving space located towards the center.

[0028] At least one counter-contact, preferably the majority of the counter-contacts, and particularly preferably all counter-contacts, of the measuring unit can be arranged or formed, for example, within the receiving volume of the receiving section. For example, no counter-contact of the measuring unit projects beyond the wall sections of the measuring unit's housing that define the receiving section. In other words, the at least one counter-contact, and in particular all counter-contacts, of the measuring unit are arranged or formed in the receiving section such that they do not project and are thus protected by the wall sections defining the receiving section. The receiving section of the measuring unit forms, for example, a cup-shaped receiving section. In particular, the receiving section of the measuring unit has a U-shaped receiving section in cross-section.The at least one mating contact, in particular all mating contacts, can be arranged or formed in the region of a central leg of the U-shaped receiving section. In other words, the at least one mating contact can be arranged or formed at the bottom of the pot-shaped receiving section.

[0029] It is possible that at least one contact of the insert, preferably the majority of the contacts of the insert, and particularly preferably all contacts of the insert, is / are arranged or designed in a contact-receiving recess such that this at least one contact is / are touch-proof when the insert is detached from the measuring unit. For this purpose, the contact-receiving recess has an entry opening and / or a geometric profile along its depth from an entry opening to the contact, which is dimensioned such that contact is prevented. This prevents a human extremity, e.g., a human finger, from coming into contact with the electrical contact located in the contact-receiving recess.For example, the geometry of the at least one contact recess is designed such that a finger penetrating the contact recess maintains a minimum distance from the contact located in the contact recess. For example, the minimum distance is at least 3.0 mm, preferably at least 7.0 mm, particularly preferably at least 10.0 mm, most preferably at least 12.5 mm, and further preferably at least 14 mm.

[0030] The measuring device can, for example, comprise an electrical power supply unit, in particular an electrical energy storage device, which can be inserted into a receiving area of ​​the measuring device to supply the measuring device with electrical energy, wherein at least one contact element of the electrical power supply unit, in particular of the energy storage device, can be connected to at least one mating contact element of the measuring device to form an electrically conductive connection. The measuring device can be powered by the power supply unit via the electrically conductive connection between the contact element on the power supply unit side and the mating contact element on the measuring device side. Optionally, a bidirectional power supply between the measuring device and the power supply unit can be provided.For example, each contact element of the electrical power supply unit, in particular a single, is assigned a corresponding contact element of the measuring unit.

[0031] The power supply unit can, for example, include an electrical energy storage device. Alternatively or additionally, the power supply unit can include means that enable it to be connected to a power grid. For example, the power supply unit has a connection socket for connecting it to a low-voltage network (e.g., a 230 V network). It is possible that the power supply unit, via a connection interface to an external voltage network, particularly a low-voltage network, enables the charging of an electrical energy storage device and / or the powering or energy supply of the measuring unit, so that the measuring unit can perform measurement tasks.The power supply of the measuring unit by means of connecting an external voltage network to the power supply unit can, for example, be achieved by bypassing an electrical energy storage device of the power supply unit.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, at least one access opening for accessing a fuse holder of the measuring unit, which accommodates a fuse element, can be closed via the power supply unit. This means that, in the assembled state of the power supply and measuring unit, an access opening to a fuse holder on the measuring unit side is closed or blocked, and in the disassembled state of the power supply and measuring unit, the access opening to the fuse holder on the measuring unit side is accessible or released.

[0033] It is possible that the receiving area for the electrical power supply unit, in particular the energy storage device, and / or the receiving section for the insert is / are designed as a shaft-like or shaft-shaped recess in the housing of the measuring unit. The receiving area and / or receiving section designed as a shaft-like recess can be formed or defined by wall sections of the housing body of the measuring unit. For example, the receiving section for the insert and / or the receiving area for the electrical power supply unit can be designed as a shaft-like or shaft-shaped recess.

[0034] It is possible that at least one contact element of the electrical power supply unit, in particular the energy storage device, preferably the majority of the contact elements, and especially preferably all contact elements of the electrical power supply unit, in particular the electrical energy storage device, is / are designed as a raised feature and can be received in at least one contact element receiving recess of the measuring device and can be brought into contact with at least one counter-contact element arranged in the contact element receiving recess. Preferably, the at least one counter-contact element is received or designed in the contact element receiving recess in such a way that the counter-contact element is protected from contact, in particular from being touched by a human finger.In other words, wall sections that at least partially define a contact element receptacle are designed in such a way that a human finger cannot be brought into an electrically conductive connection with the at least one opposing contact element. This can increase the safety of the measuring unit, especially the measuring instrument.

[0035] The at least one mating contact element of the measuring unit, preferably the majority of the mating contact elements of the measuring unit, and particularly preferably all mating contact elements of the measuring unit, can be arranged or configured, for example, in a contact element receiving recess of the measuring unit such that this mating contact element or these mating contact elements are touch-proof when the power supply unit is detached from the measuring unit. The mating contact elements of the measuring unit serve to establish an electrically conductive connection with contact elements of the power supply unit.

[0036] It is possible that the insert has at least one receiving socket, in particular a plurality of receiving sockets, for receiving at least one plug body and for forming a conductive connection between the plug body received in the receiving socket and at least one contact of the insert. Thus, the receiving socket of the insert can serve to receive a plug body of a probe, wherein the free end of the probe is configured for placement at a measuring point or for establishing an electrically conductive connection between the measuring instrument and a measuring point.

[0037] A plugging motion for inserting a plug body into a receiving socket can, for example, be aligned at an angle β to an insertion motion or to a feeding motion axis of the insert into the receiving section of the measuring unit, wherein the angle β is not equal to 0°. For example, the angle β is at least 10°, preferably at least 30°, particularly preferably at least 45°, most preferably at least 75°, and further preferably at least 90°. In principle, the angle β can also be greater than 100°. Alternatively or additionally, the angle β can be a maximum of 175°, preferably a maximum of 170°, particularly preferably a maximum of 150°, most preferably a maximum of 135°, and further preferably 105°.Because the angle β between the insertion movement of a plug body into a receiving socket of the insert and the insertion movement of the insert into the receiving section of the measuring unit lies within the value ranges specified above, the measuring instrument can be handled easily. This allows the measuring instrument or its measuring unit to be aligned with its main plane of extension parallel to a horizontal plane or placed on a horizontal work surface, and the insertion movement or the feeding movement of a plug body and / or a central longitudinal axis of a plug body inserted into a receiving socket can be aligned at one of the aforementioned angle values ​​of β, in particular at an acute angle, to the horizontal.

[0038] The connector body can, for example, comprise a single electrical contact means. Preferably, the connector body can have at least two contact means, each of which establishes an electrical connection with at least one contact of the insert when plugged into the receiving socket.

[0039] The measuring device can, for example, include a probe equipped with a plug-in body or a measuring probe which can be attached to the insert via at least one receiving socket of the insert and, when plugged in, forms a current-conducting connection between a measuring tip of the probe and the measuring electronics of the measuring unit or forms a component of the current-conducting connection.

[0040] The insert can, for example, have at least one data transmission interface, such as a USB port, wherein the data transmission interface is connected via a data connection to a contact located in a contact recess of the insert. The USB port can, for example, be designed as a socket for a USB plug. The data transmission interface can, for example, be located on or formed on a surface of the insert that is exposed to the outside when the insert is assembled or installed in the measuring unit. This means that an external data source can be connected to the data transmission interface when the insert is assembled or installed. Optionally or additionally, the data transmission interface, such as a USB port, can be used for unidirectional or bidirectional power supply.

[0041] Data transmitted to the data transmission interface via an external data source can be transferred to a corresponding contact of the measuring unit via at least one contact of the insert's contact recess. In particular, corresponding data can be transferred to measuring electronics and / or a data storage device on the measuring unit by means of a connection between the contact and the corresponding contact. This allows a data connection between the measuring unit and an external data source connected via the insert's data transmission interface, such as a data processing device, to be established.

[0042] For example, at least one first contact of the insert is connected to the data transmission interface and at least one second contact of the insert is connected to at least one of the insert's receiving sockets. This allows both information received via the data transmission interface to be transferred to the measuring unit and a measuring current supplied to the insert via its receiving socket.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the insert can have galvanic isolation between a measuring current supply point (e.g., a receiving socket) and one or more contacts of the insert for connection with corresponding mating contacts of the measuring unit. The measuring current supply point can, for example, be configured as a data transmission interface and / or as a receiving socket of the insert. The galvanic isolation of the receiving socket and / or the data transmission interface of the insert from at least one contact of the insert associated with the receiving socket and / or the data transmission interface prevents the risk of injury and / or the formation of high currents on the side of the insert facing the measuring unit or at a contact of the measuring unit. For example, an arrangement can be provided comprising at least two inserts and a measuring unit, wherein the inserts are connected for mutual or...The inserts are designed for insertion into a receiving section of the measuring unit as needed, and they exhibit different categories of galvanic isolation between their respective receiving sockets and / or data transmission interfaces on the one hand, and their contacts intended for connection to the measuring unit on the other. This allows the appropriate insert to be selected and placed in the receiving section based on the protection category or other criteria. A different protection category for the galvanic isolation of a first insert and at least one subsequent insert can be achieved, for example, by different distances between the contacts or receiving sockets of the respective inserts.

[0044] It is possible for galvanic isolation within a component to be achieved via an optical connection or data transmission and / or inductively, i.e., by means of a coil arrangement. Thus, for example, an input signal, which is supplied to the component via a data interface, can be galvanically isolated and transferred to an output contact of the component to prevent currents from other areas of the component from arcing over when being transmitted to the measuring unit.

[0045] A safety function can also be implemented via the length of contacts and their corresponding counter-contacts; for example, at least one signal line can have a shorter length than at least one contact carrying a measuring current and its corresponding counter-contacts.

[0046] It is possible that, in the assembled state of the measuring unit and the insert, a load-bearing connection can be formed between them, such that at least the weight of the measuring unit itself, and in particular the weight of the measuring unit and at least one electrical power supply unit connected to it, is supported by the connection between the measuring unit and the insert. This prevents the insert from detaching from the measuring unit under the influence of gravity. In other words, it prevents the insert from falling out of the measuring unit due to its own weight. Separation or loosening of the connection between the measuring unit and the insert can be prevented, for example, by a mechanical locking mechanism and / or sufficiently strong clamping forces between the measuring unit and the insert in the assembled state.Such a connection between the measuring unit and the insert prevents accidental detachment. For example, the measuring unit and the insert can form a rigidly connected unit / assembly.

[0047] It is possible that a locking device is provided which, in a locked state, prevents the insert from being detached from the measuring unit, and in a non-locked state, allows the insert to be detached from the measuring unit. It may be provided that the insert can only be detached from the measuring unit when the locking device is actuated.

[0048] The locking device can, for example, comprise at least one locking element that is pre-tensioned into the locking position by a pre-tensioning element. This allows the locking element to remain in the locked position when no external forces are acting on the measuring device, particularly when no external forces are acting on an actuating element of the locking device.

[0049] The locking device can be switched between a locked and unlocked state, for example, by means of an actuating device, particularly manually. Preferably, the locking device is coupled to the actuating device in a motion-coupled manner, so that when the actuating device is actuated, particularly when a muscle force is applied to it, the locking device is moved from a locked state to an unlocked state. Alternatively, the actuating device can be designed as a push button that controls a controllable locking device by means of a control signal. For example, the actuator is designed as a locking device, particularly one that can be electrically controlled, which can be moved between a locked and an unlocked state by means of a control signal. In particular, when a control signal is applied, the locking device can be moved into an unlocked state by means of an actuator.Moving the locking device into the locked position can be achieved, for example, by de-energizing the actuator that acts on the locking device. Alternatively, moving the locking device into the unlocked position can be accomplished by energizing an actuator that moves the locking device.

[0050] Optionally, the locking device can be configured to latch in the locked and / or unlocked state. This means, for example, that the locking device can be moved into and / or out of the locked and / or unlocked state by overcoming or pushing over a defined preload force.

[0051] The actuating device and the locking device can be designed, for example, as a rigid assembly or as a single, integral component. The actuating device and the locking device can each be designed as separate components and joined together in a joining process to form an assembly. Alternatively, the actuating device and the locking device can be designed as a single, integral component, particularly one made of a single material. In other words, the actuating function and the locking function can be implemented in a single component, essentially in a single locking and actuating device.

[0052] The locking device can, for example, comprise at least two actuating means, wherein the locking device is configured such that the locking device can only be switched between the locked and unlocked states by, in particular, simultaneous actuation of at least two actuating means. The at least two actuating means can thus be connected in series in their locking or locking function for releasing the insert from the measuring unit, i.e., that only by actuating the at least two actuating means or by actively moving the at least two locking means, does an unlocked state occur in which the insert can be released from its attachment to the measuring unit.

[0053] It is possible that at least one actuating means to be used to transfer the locking device between the locked state and the non-locked state is arranged or designed in such a way that it cannot be actuated by one-handed operation by a hand holding the measuring unit.

[0054] The at least two actuating means required to move the locking device between the locked and unlocked states, particularly simultaneously, may, for example, be arranged or designed such that they cannot be operated by one hand, particularly simultaneously. This one-handed operation of the actuating means may be prevented, particularly, preferably exclusively, due to the geometric arrangement and / or the actuating movement to be performed, if the person is simultaneously holding the measuring device, particularly the measuring unit, in that one hand. In other words, it may be prevented to hold the measuring device in one hand and simultaneously actuate the at least two actuating means with that one hand, particularly simultaneously, in such a way as to move the locking devices to their unlocked state.For this purpose, the actuating means can be arranged at a distance from one another and / or designed with regard to their actuation directions and / or travel distances in such a way that actuation of both actuating means by one hand, in particular by the fingers of a hand that is simultaneously holding the measuring unit, is not possible. In other words, it may be designed so that the use of two hands is required to move the actuating means and / or the locking means into a non-locking state. For example, when releasing the insert from the measuring unit, a single person must actuate a first actuating means with one hand and a second actuating means with a second hand.By preventing the locking mechanism from being moved into the unlocked position by the hand holding the device, at least when the measuring instrument is held in one hand, the risk of accidentally releasing the insert and measuring unit is reduced. Furthermore, this requires greater attention from the user when releasing the insert, thus reducing the risk of careless handling of the measuring instrument during this process.

[0055] For example, the at least two actuating means can be spaced at least 5 cm, preferably at least 8 cm, particularly preferably at least 10 cm, and most preferably at least 12 cm apart. This prevents gripping or supporting the measuring device, in particular the measuring unit, with one hand and simultaneously operating the spaced-apart actuating means with that same hand.

[0056] The axis of movement of at least one actuating means and / or at least one locking means, in particular the axis of movement of two actuating means and / or two locking means, can, for example, form an angle γ of 45° to 135°, preferably 60° to 120°, particularly preferably 75° to 105°, most preferably 85° to 95°, and more preferably 90°, with a feed axis of movement of the insert to the receiving section of the measuring unit and / or a principal extension plane of the measuring unit. Preferably, the axis of movement of the at least one actuating means and / or locking means is at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, rectilinear. The axis of movement of the actuating means and / or the locking means can be at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, perpendicular to a principal extension plane of the measuring unit and / or perpendicular to a feed axis of movement of the insert to the receiving section of the measuring unit and / or to the receiving section of the measuring unit.the movement path extends into the recording section of the measuring unit. The axis of movement of the actuating means and / or the locking means is at least the predominant, in particular the complete, straight path of movement or a resulting straight main path of movement derived from a path of movement that is at least partially curved, which the actuating means and / or the locking means travels between a locked state and a non-locked state.

[0057] In an advantageous embodiment, a locking device can be provided which, in a closed state, prevents the power supply unit from being detached from the measuring unit and, in an open state, allows the power supply unit to be detached from the measuring unit. It is possible that the above-described designs and constructions of the locking device can apply analogously to embodiments of the locking device. For example, at least one locking element of the locking device and at least one closing element of the locking device and / or at least one actuating element of the locking device and at least one actuating element of the closing device are designed as identical parts.For example, a first and a second locking element of the locking device and / or a first and a second actuating element of the locking device and / or a first and a second actuating element of the locking device and / or a first and a second locking element of the locking device can be designed as an identical part.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, at least one locking and / or closing means may have at least one sliding and / or guiding chamfer, such that when the insert and / or the power supply unit is inserted, a pre-tensioning element, in particular a pre-tensioning element, can be forced over. In other words, clipping or snapping into place can occur when the insert is inserted into the measuring unit and / or when the power supply unit is inserted into the measuring unit. Preferably, the insert and / or the power supply unit is in a locked or closed position when assembled with the measuring unit, i.e., automatically, for example, by a pre-tensioning element.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the insert can have a mounting structure by means of which the insert can be attached to, in particular in or on, a system comprising electrical and / or electronic components, forming a rigid connection. Preferably, the insert is electrically connected or connectable to an electrical component installed on the system via an electrical connection interface, e.g., via at least one receiving socket, wherein, in the assembled state of the measuring unit and the insert, an electrically conductive connection between the electrical component on the system and a mating contact of the measuring unit can be formed or is formed. The system can, for example, be a process plant comprising electrical and / or electronic components. Thus, the system can be, for example, a machine tool and / or a production facility and / or a control cabinet.The system can also be a vehicle, in particular a land vehicle and / or an aircraft and / or a watercraft. It is also possible that the system is a vehicle equipped with an electric motor as a traction drive, in particular a motor vehicle. Thus, the system can be designed, for example, as a hybrid vehicle or as an exclusively electric-motor-driven vehicle.

[0060] If the system includes a control cabinet or is designed as such, the insert can thus form a control cabinet adapter, which makes it possible to connect the measuring unit to the control cabinet as required.

[0061] The insert can, for example, be designed as a permanently mounted or remaining component on the system, allowing the measuring unit to be connected to the system via the insert as needed, at least by means of a mechanical connection. Preferably, the connection between the measuring unit and the insert mounted on the system can establish both a mechanical and an electrical connection between the system and the measuring unit. Alternatively or additionally, the insert can be permanently attached to the system, i.e., not removable without damage and / or not removable without tools. The insert can, for example, be connected to the system using a seal.

[0062] The mounting structure of the insert for attaching it to the system can, for example, allow for attachment to a mounting rail. The system's mounting rail can be designed, for example, as a DIN rail or as a mounting rail with a hat-shaped profile. A connection to a system-side electrical line can be established via the insert's connection interface, i.e., via at least one receiving socket of the insert, for example, by forming a clamping connection. The clamping connection can be designed, for example, like a control cabinet terminal and / or a screw terminal or a plug-and-socket connection; for this purpose, the insert can have a correspondingly designed connection interface that is electrically connected to a contact of the insert.

[0063] A measuring unit connected to the system via the insert can be used, for example, to perform long-term diagnostics of the system's electrical or electronic components, such as a power quality analysis. This can be particularly advantageous when multiple systems, such as machines, are present and each is to be subjected to measurement by the measuring unit. Since each system has an insert, connecting the measuring unit to the respective insert allows for a simple and convenient mechanical and electrical connection suitable for measurement between the measuring unit and the respective system. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that if, for example, individual components of a system are replaced or modified, the measuring unit assigned to that system can be connected to the respective insert.The equipment available at this facility can be used to test the functionality of the facility after the replacement or modification of facility components by means of measurements carried out using the measuring unit.

[0064] The insert can, for example, be attached to, in particular in or on, a system designed as a control cabinet via its mounting structure, forming a rigid connection. In this case, the insert can form a control cabinet adapter, which then becomes part of a control cabinet.

[0065] It is possible for the insert to be connected to, in particular in or on, a counter-mounting structure of the system by means of a force-fit and / or form-fit fastening. The counter-mounting structure can, for example, be a standardized component and / or have a standardized shape. The insert-side mounting structure can, for example, be fastened to a system-side counter-mounting structure by forming a rigid connection, whereby the counter-mounting structure can be designed as a mounting rail or have a structure corresponding to a mounting rail.The insert can thus have a structure as a mounting structure which at least enables the mechanical fastening of the insert to a counter-mounting structure of the system designed as a mounting rail, or a structure which at least enables the mechanical fastening of the insert to a counter-mounting structure suitable for fastening a mounting rail.

[0066] The connection between the insert's mounting structure and a mating mounting structure of the system can, for example, be designed to be detachable. Preferably, the connection between the insert and the system is designed to be detachable without tools or exclusively with tools. Optionally, the electrical connection, which is formed by connecting the insert's connection interface to a mating connection interface of the system, can also be detachable, in particular detachable without tools or exclusively with tools.

[0067] The insert can, for example, include a locking device configured to release the connection between the insert and the system, particularly a mating structure, in a release state, and to lock the connection in a locked state. Preferably, the locking device can be switched from the locked to the release state either without tools or exclusively with tools. A released connection means that the insert and system can be disconnected, whereas in the locked state, the connection between the insert and system cannot be disconnected. Providing a tool-free switch to the release state allows for convenient handling. Providing a switch to the release state that requires tools prevents accidental removal of the insert from the system or makes intentional removal more difficult.

[0068] The locking device can, for example, include a locking element by means of which a force-fit and / or form-fit fastening of the insert-side mounting structure to a counter-mounting structure on the system can be achieved, wherein the locking element is pre-tensioned into a locking state by a pre-tensioning device. This allows the locking element to be forced against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning device during the insertion movement of the insert onto the system, thus enabling the insert to be clipped into or attached to the system. The locking element can, for example, include a sliding and / or guide section which, during the insertion or feeding movement of the insert onto the system, comes into contact with an element of the system (e.g., a section of the counter-mounting structure) and thus generates a restoring force that counteracts the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning device during the insertion of the insert onto the system.After the locking element is initially pushed back by contact with an element of the system, a further movement of the insert towards the system can release the contact between the sliding and / or guide section and the element, thus causing the locking element to enter a locking state relative to the system, particularly relative to the counter-mounting structure, forming a positive-locking and / or force-locking state. In other words, for example,By threading a first section of the insert-side mounting structure with a first section of the counter-mounting structure, at least a temporary pivot bearing is formed between the insert and the counter-mounting structure. This allows for the progressive movement of the insert and counter-mounting structure towards each other, particularly during a relative rotational movement, resulting in a positive-locking and / or force-locking connection between the mounting structure and the counter-mounting structure at a second section of the insert-side mounting structure. In this process, a temporary contact between a sliding and / or guide section on the locking element and a region of the counter-mounting structure can trigger a return movement of the locking element. In other words, the locking element can be designed with a pre-tensioning element similar to a pawl.

[0069] The insert can, for example, have a connecting section by means of which a connection of the insert with a receiving section of a measuring unit of a measuring instrument can be carried out, wherein the mounting structure of the insert is arranged or formed at a first end area of ​​the insert and the connecting section is arranged or formed at a second end area of ​​the insert opposite the first end area.

[0070] It is possible that the insert has a connecting section by means of which a connection of the insert to a receiving section of a measuring unit of a measuring device can be effected by executing a feeding movement, in particular a linear movement, wherein a principal extension plane of the mounting structure and / or a principal extension plane of a counter-mounting structure (mounting rail) with a feeding movement axis of the feeding movement includes an angle δ of at most 75°, preferably 50°, particularly preferably 35°, most preferably 20°, further preferably 10°, and also more preferably 5°. For example, the feeding movement can be aligned parallel to a principal extension plane of the mounting structure.

[0071] The mounting structure can, for example, have a receiving cavity for receiving a counter-mounting structure on the system side, wherein the receiving cavity is arranged or designed laterally offset from a connecting section of the insert for connecting the insert to a measuring unit. This lateral offset of the receiving cavity and connecting section allows a measuring unit attached to the system via the insert to protrude from a connecting plane. In the case of the insert being attached to a mounting rail of the system, this ensures that the measuring unit protrudes laterally offset from a plane encompassing at least one mounting rail of the system. The insert-side connecting section is formed by wall sections that extend into or penetrate a receiving section of the measuring unit. The insert-side receiving cavity can, for example, be...be designed in such a way that it is suitable for at least partial, preferably predominant, and especially preferably complete reception of a cross-section of a counter-mounting structure of the system, in particular a system-side mounting rail.

[0072] The mounting structure of the insert can, for example, comprise a planar section which is connected to a base body of the insert by means of a support device, in particular by means of at least one support rib. Preferably, the at least one support device, in particular the at least one support rib, is formed integrally with the housing of the base body of the insert.

[0073] It is possible that a holding device is provided which is configured to form a further mechanical connection between the system and the measuring unit, in addition to the connection of the insert to the measuring unit. This allows the measuring unit to form a first mechanical connection to the system via the insert and a further mechanical connection to the system via the holding device. Preferably, the additional connection of the insert to the system via the holding device is designed as a force-fit and / or form-fit connection, in particular a lockable one.

[0074] A principal extension plane of a measuring unit attached to a system via an insert can, for example, form an angle of at most 75°, preferably 50°, particularly preferably 35°, most preferably 20°, more preferably 10°, and further preferably 5° with a principal extension plane of a counter-mounting structure of the system, in particular a mounting rail of the system. For example, the principal extension plane of the measuring unit is aligned parallel to the principal extension plane of the counter-mounting structure, in particular a mounting rail of the system. For example, the principal extension plane of the measuring unit is aligned parallel to the principal extension plane of the counter-mounting structure, in particular a mounting rail of the system, in the assembled state of the measuring unit with an insert (4, 4', 4") attached to the counter-mounting structure of the system.

[0075] It is possible that the insert includes an electrical or electronic functional unit which, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, is electrically connected or connectable to the measuring unit's mating contact. This allows the functionality of the functional unit to be utilized by connecting the insert, particularly when implementing a measuring function of the measuring unit. The functional unit may, for example, include a switch for changing the number of measuring points to be measured, with the measuring points being accessed by means of at least one probe connected to or formed on the insert. The probe may be connected or connectable to the insert via a flexible and at least externally electrically insulated conductor, e.g., a cable. The probe includes at least one contact point, e.g.,A measuring tip, which, during the intended use of the probe, is brought into electrically conductive contact with a section of an object to be measured, i.e., with a measuring point. The probe may have a connector at the end opposite the measuring tip, by means of which the probe can be connected to a connection interface, e.g., a socket, of the insert. Alternatively, the contact point, in particular the measuring tip, and / or a conductor connecting the measuring tip, may be permanently attached to the insert, i.e., not detachable without tools or non-destructively. For example, the contact point may be permanently connected to the insert via a flexible conductor. At least two probes and / or at least one probe with at least two contact points can be connected to or are connected to the insert.

[0076] The switch on the insert can, in a first switching state, and in a second switching state, and in a third switching state, and optionally, in a third switching state, activate both the first and second contact points of one or more probes. Activating a contact point can be understood, for example, as the existence of an electrically conductive connection between the respective contact point of the probe and the measuring unit. In other words, the switch on the insert can change the interfaces for potentially tapping current or voltage from an object to be measured that is connected to the insert.

[0077] The functional unit of the insert can, for example, comprise at least one electrical fuse; in particular, the functional unit can comprise at least one electrical fuse designed as a cartridge fuse and / or electronic fuse and / or self-resetting fuse and / or circuit breaker. The measuring unit can, for example, comprise a first electrical fuse and the insert a second electrical fuse, wherein the fuse of the insert is faster-acting, i.e., has a shorter tripping time than that of the measuring unit. Alternatively or additionally, the fuse of the insert can have a higher and / or lower tripping point, i.e., a lower rated current, than the electrical fuse of the measuring unit.The electrical fuses of the measuring unit and insert considered here are preferably arranged in series within an electrically conductive connection connecting a measuring point of an object to be measured with measuring electronics of the measuring unit.

[0078] The electrical fuse can, for example, be designed as a series resistor in an electrically conductive connection linking a measuring point to the measuring electronics of the measuring unit. In particular, the series resistor is selected such that a measuring range is modified, especially extended, compared to an insert with a different or no series resistor in the connection. Thus, a first insert can have a first series resistance value or range of values, and a second insert can have a second series resistance value or range of values ​​that differs from the first. This ensures that, depending on the insert used in the measuring unit, a specific series resistance or range of values ​​is available for performing a measurement.

[0079] The functional unit on the operating side can, for example, include at least one relay. By inserting a suitable module equipped with a relay into the measuring unit, the measuring unit can perform a measurement at a measuring point under the influence of the at least one relay.

[0080] The insert can be configured, for example, to enable the testing of a high-voltage and / or three-phase power source. The measuring unit itself may not include all the elements necessary for testing a high-voltage and / or three-phase power source; in particular, the measuring unit may not possess a sufficient number of the required resistors and / or other electrical components. These elements, which are fundamentally missing from the measuring unit for measuring a high-voltage and / or three-phase power source, can be contained in the insert. By inserting the insert into the measuring unit, the measuring device is enabled to measure a high-voltage and / or three-phase power source.This can mean that an arrangement comprises a measuring unit as well as at least one first insert and one second insert, wherein the first insert, in conjunction with the measuring unit, does not enable the measurement of a high-current source and / or a three-phase source, and the second insert, in conjunction with the measuring unit, enables the measurement of a high-current source and / or a three-phase source. Thus, a first configuration consisting of the measuring unit and the first insert can form a measuring device with reduced functionality or suitable for a first application, and a second configuration consisting of the measuring unit and the second insert can form a measuring device with extended functionality or suitable for a different application.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the functional unit can include the components and / or features required for the respective safety categories, e.g., electrical and / or electronic components (fuses and / or resistors) and / or seals. For example, the functional unit can have distances between electrical connection interfaces adapted to a safety category, so that minimum distances for spark gaps are maintained. Furthermore, by means of a suitably designed functional unit and its combination with the measuring unit, the measuring unit can be adapted or configured for use in explosion-proof areas.

[0082] It is possible for the insert to include measuring electronics, wherein, in the assembled state of the insert and measuring unit, the measuring electronics on the insert side are electrically connected or connectable to at least one mating contact of the measuring unit. Preferably, the measuring electronics on the insert side are connected or connectable to measuring electronics on the measuring unit side via the connection between the contact and mating contact. In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that measuring electronics on the insert side are supplied with electrical energy via an electrical power supply unit, in particular an electrical energy storage device, connected to the measuring unit. Thus, the measuring unit can serve as a conductor component for the transmission of electrical energy from a power supply unit attached to or connected to a receiving area of ​​the measuring unit to measuring electronics of the insert.

[0083] For example, the power supply unit and the insert can each be provided as a unit comprising a housing, which are connected or connectable to, in particular in or onto, the measuring unit to form a rigid assembly. Accordingly, the measuring unit can have interfaces that allow for a mechanical and an electrical connection between the power supply unit and the measuring unit.

[0084] In a further optional embodiment, the insert or an electrical and / or electronic device comprising the insert, in particular a measuring device comprising the insert and equipped with measuring electronics, can have a principal extension plane that forms an angle β with a principal extension plane of the measuring unit in the range of 10° to 170°, preferably 25° to 155°, particularly preferably 40° to 140°, most preferably 55° to 125°, and more preferably 80° to 100°. The electrical and / or electronic device comprising or comprising the insert can, for example, be designed as a case. By joining the device-side insert, in particular the case-side insert, and the measuring unit, a rigid connection or a rigid assembly consisting of the device, insert, and measuring unit can be formed.At least temporarily, in a non-assembled state of the measuring unit and insert, the insert can be covered, at least partially, preferably completely, by a shielding means, in particular by a shielding means of the device itself. The shielding means can protect the insert from mechanical influences. In the closed state of a device designed as a case, the insert is covered by a case lid, and after the case is opened, the insert is exposed so that the measuring unit can be attached to the insert, thus forming a rigid connection or, in particular, a rigid assembly with the measuring unit via the insert.

[0085] The measuring device can, for example, include a safety device that, in the unassembled state of the insert connected to the measuring unit and / or in the unassembled state of the power supply unit connected to the measuring unit, disables at least one function of the measuring unit; in particular, it can disable the use of the measuring electronics of the measuring unit. Consequently, once the insert and measuring unit and / or the power supply unit and measuring unit are in their intended assembled state, at least one function, in particular a measuring function, of the measuring unit can be enabled via the safety device.The release of the function can enable its activation by actuating a further means, whereas if the intended combined state of insert and measuring unit and / or measuring unit and power supply unit is not present, activation of at least one predefined function of the measuring unit is not possible despite actuating the further means.

[0086] The safety device can, for example, include at least one detection means that detects the combined state of the insert on the measuring unit and / or the combined state of the power supply unit on the measuring unit by contact. For this purpose, a push button and / or a switch can be provided, which is activated by the insertion of the insert and / or the power supply unit and outputs an insertion signal. The insertion signal can describe correct or incorrect insertion of the insert and / or the power supply unit on the measuring unit and is transmitted to a control device, which, depending on the insertion signal, blocks or enables at least one function of the measuring unit.The activation signal can be used alternatively or additionally to output visually, audibly, and / or haptically perceptible information via an output device of the measuring unit, the insert, and / or the power supply unit. This information can be displayed, for example, as text and / or images on a display located on the measuring unit.

[0087] Regardless of whether a warning message is displayed in connection with the assembly of the insert and / or power supply unit with the measuring unit, the measuring unit and / or the insert and / or the power supply unit may have an output device for the optical and / or acoustic and / or haptic output of information. For example, an LED is used as an optical output device. Haptly perceptible information can be output, for example, by means of a vibration element. For this purpose, defined information can be output, for example, in the form of a defined vibration pattern.

[0088] The safety device can, for example, include at least one detection means that detects the combined state of the insert at the measuring unit and / or the combined state of the power supply unit at the measuring unit without contact. For example, a proximity switch can be used to detect the combined or inserted, or uncombined or uninserted, state of the insert and / or power supply unit with the measuring unit in each case without contact. In particular, an insertion signal describing the insertion or non-insertion state is output. Depending on this signal, a warning message can be output and / or measuring electronics can be switched to an operating or non-operating state. A contactless orNon-contact detection can also be carried out, for example, by means of an optical sensor and / or a radio sensor, e.g. an RFID sensor, so that the achievement of a target assembly position of power supply unit and measuring unit and / or of insert and measuring unit can be detected by means of optical detection and / or by means of the detection of a radio signal, in particular an RFID signal.

[0089] Regarding the design of the electrical contact interface between the insert and the measuring unit, i.e., the design of the insert-side contact and the measuring unit-side mating contact, the insert may have a first contact and a second contact, wherein the first contact is designed as a safety and / or grounding contact or is used to form a grounding and / or a safety connection. During the insertion of the insert into the receiving section of the measuring unit, the first contact establishes an electrically conductive connection with its corresponding mating contact on the measuring unit, followed by the second contact with its corresponding mating contact on the measuring unit. The safety contact can, for example, serve to establish a secure connection when connected to the measuring unit.A grounding contact must be established to prevent the occurrence of dangerous voltages, especially touch voltages, in the event of a device malfunction. By first establishing an electrically conductive connection between the device and the measuring unit via the safety and / or grounding contact, and only then connecting further device-side contacts to corresponding mating contacts on the measuring unit, a proper grounding path is ensured in the event of a fault.

[0090] The measuring instrument is preferably configured to perform measurements on circuits corresponding to a CAT III 600 volt category. For example, the voltage to ground (VAC) may be 600, resulting in a maximum transient voltage of 6000 Vpeak for CAT III. Optionally, the measuring instrument can be configured to correspond to CAT III 300, so that at a voltage to ground (VAC) of 300, the instrument will have a maximum transient voltage of 4000 Vpeak. It is also possible for the measuring instrument to be configured to correspond to CAT III 1000, so that at a voltage to ground (VAC) of 1000, it will have a maximum transient voltage of 8000 Vpeak.

[0091] For example, the measuring unit and / or the insert and / or a probe attachable to the insert has a handle that forms an electrically conductive connection between the handle and the first contact of the insert and / or with a grounding path on the measuring unit. Thus, for example, a person holding the measuring unit as intended can, via the handle, and / or a measuring unit placed on the ground as intended, can form part of a grounding path via the contact area with the ground.

[0092] The at least one mating contact of the measuring unit and / or the at least one mating contact element of the measuring unit can be designed as a nub, i.e., the mating contact and / or the mating contact element can be designed as a relatively long and at the same time narrow cylindrical body, in particular a circular cylindrical body. Furthermore, for example, at least one contact of the insert and / or at least one contact-receiving recess of the insert and / or at least one contact element of the electrical energy storage device can have a shape corresponding to the mating contact or the mating contact element.

[0093] The at least one measuring unit-side mating contact and / or the at least one measuring unit-side mating contact element can, for example, be attached to the housing body of the measuring unit by means of a reinforcement measure (e.g., a reinforcement frame) or be arranged or formed on a circuit board, wherein the circuit board has a stiffness and / or strength such that, as a mechanically force-dissipating or load-bearing means, it can absorb forces that occur during the assembly of the insert and measuring unit and / or of the electrical power supply unit and measuring unit, and in particular transfer them to the housing of the measuring unit. This allows, in the case of the use of a reinforced orA circuit board with a defined minimum thickness serves as a reinforcement measure, not only for conducting currents / voltages via the contacts, but also for mechanically supporting the at least one mating contact and / or the at least one mating contact element on the housing of the measuring unit. In other words, the circuit board can be designed or used as part of a support when connecting the insert and / or electrical energy storage device to the measuring unit.

[0094] It is possible that at least one mating contact and / or at least one mating contact element is fixed to at least one circuit board using SMD soldering.

[0095] In addition to the measuring device, the invention comprises an arrangement including a measuring device as described herein, wherein the arrangement or the measuring device has at least one measuring unit and at least two inserts, the inserts being alternately attachable or connectable to a receiving section of the at least one measuring unit in an assembled state. It is possible that a first insert comprises a first functional unit and a second insert comprises a second functional unit different from the first, wherein the functional unit of the insert received in the receiving section is integrated into the measurement during the execution of a measurement by the measuring device, or performs a function related to the measurement, or is available to perform a function related to the measurement – ​​if required – e.g., as an electrical fuse.

[0096] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for performing a measurement to measure a measuring current at a measuring point using a measuring device described herein.

[0097] All advantages, details, designs and / or features of the measuring device according to the invention are transferable or applicable to the arrangement and method according to the invention and vice versa.

[0098] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawings. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a measuring instrument comprising an insert and a power supply unit in the assembled state according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a measuring instrument according to claim 1 in a non-composite state; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a measuring instrument according to a further embodiment, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a first insert and a power supply unit as well as a further insert, wherein the further insert can be arranged at an interface of the first insert; Fig. 4 a perspective cutaway schematic representation of a recording section of the measuring unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 5 a perspective cutaway schematic representation of a measuring unit-side recording section and an insert recorded in the recording section according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 6 a schematic sectional view of a recording section of the measuring unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 7 a schematic sectional view of a measuring unit-side recording section and an insert recorded in the recording section according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 8 a perspective schematic representation of the measuring unit-side recording section according to an exemplary embodiment Fig. 9 a perspective schematic representation of an application according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 10 a perspective cutaway schematic representation of a recording area of ​​the measuring unit and a power supply unit in the separate state of the measuring unit and the power supply unit according to an embodiment; Fig. 11 a perspective cutaway schematic representation of a measuring unit-side recording area and a power supply unit recorded in the recording area according to an embodiment; Fig. 12 a schematic sectional view of a recording section of the measuring unit according to Fig. 9; Fig. 13 a schematic sectional view of a measuring unit-side recording section and an insert recorded in the recording section according to Fig. 10; Fig. 14 a perspective schematic representation of an insert comprising a mounting structure for connecting the insert to a system, here exemplified on a DIN rail of a control cabinet, according to an embodiment; Fig. 15 a perspective schematic representation of a measuring unit attached to a system via an insert according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 16 a schematic side view of an insert attached to a system, via which a measuring unit is attached to the system, according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 17 a perspective schematic representation of an insert equipped with a mounting structure according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 18 to 21 schematic sectional views of a movement sequence between a position receiving the deployment ( Fig. 18) and a position removed from the measuring unit ( Fig. 21) according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 22 and Fig. 23 schematic sectional views of two end positions of an actuating and locking device movable in the measuring unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 perspective schematic diagrams of a single-unit, case-shaped device for the temporary storage of a measuring unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 26 to 28 perspective schematic representations of inserts designed as different probes according to different embodiments; Fig. 29 and Fig. 30 perspective diagrams of a mechanism for actuating and locking according to Fig. 22 and Fig. 23.

[0099] The invention relates to a measuring instrument 1 for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring instrument 1 comprises a measuring unit 3 having measuring electronics 2 and an insert 4, 4', 4" which is configured to supply a measuring current at least partially, and in particular completely, from a measuring point 5 to the measuring unit 3, wherein the measuring unit 3 has a receiving section 6 for receiving the insert 4, 4', 4" and, in the assembled state of the insert 4, 4', 4" in the receiving section 6, one or more contacts 7, 7', 7" of the insert 4, 4', 4" are electrically connected to at least one corresponding counter-contact 8, 8', 8" of the measuring unit 3, wherein the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4" form a rigid assembly in the assembled state. The receiving section 6 can form a receiving space in the measuring unit 3, i.e.,in a housing body 9, 9' surrounding the measuring unit 3, such that the insert 4, 4', 4" can be inserted into or onto the receiving section 6. Within the receiving space are measuring unit-side mating contacts 8, 8', 8" which, in the assembled state of measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4" form a conductive connection with insert-side contacts 7, 7', 7". For this purpose, the mating contacts 8, 8', 8" and the contacts 7, 7', 7" can form a connection similar to a plug-to-socket connection. An assembled state can optionally also include an attached state, i.e., that the insert 4, 4', 4" is inserted into or attached to a receiving section 6, so that an assembled state is also formed by an inserted state of the insert 4, 4', 4". The measuring unit-side receiving section 6 orThe receiving space of the housing 19 of the measuring unit 3 can, for example, be designed as a cavity in which the insert 4, 4', 4" is received or can be received at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely.

[0100] Because the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4" form a rigid connection, a rigid assembly consisting of the insert 4, 4', 4" and the assembly can preferably be achieved by joining the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4". For this purpose, the insert 4, 4', 4" and the assembly can each form at least predominantly, preferably completely, a rigid unit, so that in the assembled state of the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4" a rigid assembly consisting of the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4" is formed.

[0101] It is possible that, in the assembled state of measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4" at least three, preferably four, particularly preferably five, most preferably six, contacts 7, 7', 7" of the insert 4, 4', 4" each form an electrically conductive connection with mating contacts 8, 8', 8" of the measuring unit 3. The insert 4, 4', 4" can be designed as a unit that is at least partially, preferably predominantly, preferably completely, rigid and has at least three contacts 7, 7', 7" . Preferably, the at least three contacts 7, 7', 7" of the insert 4, 4', 4" are formed in a rigid connection relative to each other. That is to say, During the intended use of insert 4, 4', 4" and measuring unit 3, in particular during the joining of insert 4, 4', 4" and measuring unit 3, there is no relative movement of the insert-side contacts 7, 7', 7" and / or the measuring unit-side counter-contacts 8, 8', 8" to each other.It is possible that the contacts 7, 7', 7" and / or the mating contacts 8, 8', 8" are pre-tensioned by means of a spring element 9, 9' and that during the assembly of insert 4, 4', 4" and measuring unit 3, a pre-tensioning force of the spring element (not shown) acts to bring together or press together the contacts 7, 7', 7" and mating contacts 8, 8', 8"; however, this spring-related pre-tension is not to be considered as a movement that impairs the fundamental stiffness of the contacts 7, 7', 7" relative to each other and / or of the mating contacts 8, 8', 8" relative to each other. Rather, the present stiffness relates to the immutability of the orientation of the contacts 7, 7', 7" relative to each other and / or of the mating contacts 8, 8', 8" relative to each other.

[0102] Preferably, each contact 7, 7', 7" of the insert 4, 4', 4" is assigned a, in particular a single, mating contact 8, 8', 8" of the measuring unit 3, such that in the combined state of insert 4, 4', 4" and measuring unit 3, several contacts and mating contacts 7, 8 are each assigned to one another as a contact-mating contact pair. For example, a first contact 7, 7', 7" with a first mating contact 8, 8', 8", a second contact 7' with a second mating contact 8", and at least one third contact 7''' with at least one third mating contact 8''' can each be connected to one another as a contact-mating contact pair and separately from the other contact-mating contact pairs.

[0103] It is possible that at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', preferably the majority of the contacts 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', and particularly preferably all contacts 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', is or is arranged or formed in at least one contact receiving recess 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', into which at least one counter-contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3, designed as a highlight, can be received. In other words, the insert 4, 4', 4'' has at least one recess in which at least one insert-side contact 7, 7', 7'' is received or arranged. For example, the insert 4, 4', 4'' has at least two, preferably at least three, contact recesses 9, 9', wherein in each contact recess 9, 9' at least one contact 7, 7', 7'', preferably exactly one contact 7, 7', 7'', of the insert 4, 4', 4'' is arranged or formed.For example, each contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', which is intended to establish an electrical connection with a measuring unit-side mating contact 8, 8', 8'', can be arranged or formed in a contact receiving recess 9, 9', wherein the contact receiving recess 9, 9' is each formed separately from further contact receiving recesses 9, 9' receiving an insert-side contact 7, 7', 7''. By arranging at least one contact 7, 7', 7'', in particular a single contact 7, 7', 7'', in a contact receiving recess 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', spatial separation and / or a defined long connection path of adjacent contacts 7, 7', 7'' can be achieved, thus reducing the risk of short-circuiting between the adjacent contacts 7, 7', 7''.

[0104] A contact recess 9, 9' is generally understood to be a recess in which at least one insert-side contact 7, 7', 7'' is arranged or formed, wherein, in a combined state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, a mating contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3 projects into the contact recess 9, 9' and touches the at least one contact 7, 7', 7''. The contact recess 9, 9' can also be considered a pocket recess, which – with appropriate dimensioning – serves as contact protection, e.g., against contact of the contact 7, 7', 7'' by a human finger – and / or as minimum paths for spatial separation to prevent the contacts 7, 7', 7'' from influencing each other, and / or as a mechanical stability measure (stiffening measure).

[0105] For example, the insert 4, 4', 4'' has at least two contact recesses 9, 9', in each of which either a single contact 7, 7', 7'', or exclusively two contacts 7, 7', 7'', or exclusively three contacts 7, 7', 7'', are arranged, wherein at least one counter-contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3, designed as a highlight, can be received in each of the at least two contact recesses 9, 9'. Preferably, the number of contacts 7, 7', 7'' in a contact recess 9, 9' is identical to the number of counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'' designed as a highlight. In the assembled state, the measuring unit-side protrusions engage in the contact recesses 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' in such a way that contact is created between the insert-side contacts 7, 7', 7'' and the measuring unit-side counter-contacts 8, 8', 8''.

[0106] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have a first contact recess 9, 9' with at least two contacts 7, 7', 7'' and at least a second contact recess 9' with at least one further contact 7, 7', 7'', wherein in the combined state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, at least one measuring unit-side counter-contact 8, 8', 8'', preferably two measuring unit-side counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'', can be received in each of the at least two contact recesses 9, 9' for contacting the contacts 7, 7', 7''. This allows for a grouping of contacts 7, 7', 7'' in at least two contact recesses 9, 9', such that a first and a second contact 7, 7', 7'' can be arranged or formed in a first contact recess 9, 9' and a third contact 7, 7', 7'' can be arranged or formed in a second contact recess 9' separate from the first contact recess 9, 9'.This allows mutually non-critical power lines or their contacts 7, 7', 7'' to be arranged or formed in a common contact recess 9, 9', whereas a further power line or at least one of its contacts 7, 7', 7'' can be arranged or formed in a contact recess 9' separate from the first contact recess 9, 9'. For example, a first contact recess 9, 9' has one contact 7, 7', 7'' for a sensor line and another contact 7, 7', 7'' for a PE line, and a further contact recess 9' has at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of a low-voltage line. This provides spatial separation between the sensor line and the PE line and the at least one low-voltage line.

[0107] For example, the insert 4, 4', 4'' has a first group 10 of at least two contact recesses 7, 7', 7'', each with a first geometric shape, and a second group 11 of contact recesses, each with a geometric shape different from the first geometric shape. The different geometric shapes of the contact recesses 7, 7', 7'' enable a plug connection, which corresponds, for example, to the Poka-Yoke; that is, the geometric shape can define a specific orientation for plugging together the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3.

[0108] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have at least three different contact recesses 9, 9', wherein the at least three contact recesses 9, 9' differ in the number of contacts 7, 7', 7'' accommodated within the respective contact recess 9, 9' and / or in the geometric shape of the contact recesses 9, 9'. This allows for an arrangement of the contacts 7, 7', 7'' and the contact recesses 9, 9' optimized to meet the requirements of the contacts 7, 7', 7'' with regard to their minimum distance from one another, in particular without requiring a separate contact recess 9, 9' for each contact 7, 7', 7''.

[0109] At least one contact recess 9, 9', preferably the majority of the contact recesses 9, 9', and particularly preferably all contact recesses 9, 9', of the insert 4, 4', 4'', can have an elongated shape perpendicular to a feed axis 12 for a mating contact 8, 8', 8'' to be received in the contact recess 9, 9'. In other words, at least one contact recess 9, 9', in particular the majority of the contact recesses 9, 9', and particularly preferably all contact recesses 9, 9', of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can have an elongated or slot-shaped form, wherein the longitudinal axis 13 of the elongated slot runs perpendicular to the feed axis 12 for bringing together the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3.The elongated hole shape perpendicular to the feed movement axis 12 makes it possible to visually inspect the contact 7, 7', 7'' located in the contact recess 9, 9' and / or to clean the contact 7, 7', 7'' with an object, in particular a rod-shaped object, and at the same time to prevent the contact 7, 7', 7'' from being touched by a human finger, since the narrow spacing of the elongated hole shape can be chosen such that a human finger cannot penetrate deep enough into the contact recess 9, 9' to touch the contact 7, 7', 7'' located in the contact recess 9, 9'.

[0110] It is possible that a first contact recess 9, 9' and a second contact recess 9' each have an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis 13 perpendicular to a feed movement axis 12 for a counter-contact 8, 8', 8'' to be received in the contact recess 9, 9', wherein the longitudinal axes 13 of the first and second contact recess 9, 9' perpendicular to the feed movement axis 12 of the at least two contact recesses 9, 9' enclose an angle α of 45° to 135°, preferably of 65° to 115°, particularly preferably of 75° to 105°, most preferably of 85° to 95°, most preferably of 90°, or are aligned parallel to each other. With the specified angular ranges of the angle α of the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact recess 9, 9' perpendicular to the feed movement axis 12, a centering and / or guiding function can be enabled during the joining of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3.The majority of the contact recesses 9, 9', preferably all contact recesses 9, 9', of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have an elongated shape with a longitudinal axis 13 perpendicular to the feed movement axis 12 for a counter contact 8, 8', 8'' to be received in the contact recess 9, 9'.

[0111] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have a plurality of contact recesses 9, 9', which are arranged or formed in at least two rows 14, 14', each with at least two contact recesses 9, 9'. Preferably, the insert 4, 4', 4'' has contact recesses 9, 9' arranged in at least three rows 14, 14', each with at least two contact recesses 9, 9'. By arranging the contact recesses 9, 9' or the contacts 7, 7', 7'' arranged in the contact recesses 9, 9' in rows 14, 14', an advantageous orientation for identifying the individual contacts 7, 7', 7'' can be enabled. A compact arrangement of the contact recesses 9, 9' can also be achieved by arranging them in rows 14, 14', in particular by having elongated shapes perpendicular to the feed movement axis 12.In a preferred embodiment, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can have at least two rows 14, 14' and at least two columns 15, 15' of contact recesses 9, 9'.

[0112] According to the invention, a fuse receptacle 16 for receiving an electrical fuse 17 is arranged or formed on the measuring unit 3, wherein the fuse receptacle 16 is accessible in the unassembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3 via the receiving section 6 or via an opening (access opening) formed by the receiving section 6, and in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, the fuse receptacle 16 is not accessible. The insert 4, 4', 4'' can thus serve as a cover for an access opening 18 for handling a fuse receptacle 16, so that in the case of an assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, the access opening 18 to the fuse receptacle 16 is closed, and in the uninserted state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, respectively, the access opening 18 to the fuse receptacle 16 is closed.When the insert 4, 4', 4'' is detached from the measuring unit 3, an access opening 18 of the measuring unit 3 is released via the receiving section 6, allowing a locking device 17 to be inserted into the locking receptacle 16 and / or removed from the locking receptacle 16. Since the insert 4, 4', 4'' serves as the housing closure for the locking device 17, a separate housing cover for closing the locking receptacle 16 is unnecessary. Furthermore, by closing the locking receptacle space of the housing 19 of the measuring unit 3, which receives the locking device 17, the insert 4, 4', 4'' provides a large opening area, enabling convenient handling, i.e., insertion and / or removal of the locking device 17.

[0113] For example, the access opening 18, which is released by removing the insert 4, 4', 4'', is dimensioned such that an electrical fuse 17 can be manually inserted into the fuse holder 16. In particular, a human hand and / or at least one human finger can be brought through the access opening 18 to the electrical fuse 17 held in the fuse holder 16 and preferably apply a tensile force to the fuse 17. For example, the fuse 17 is held in the fuse holder 16 by a clamping connection, whereby a force, in particular a tensile force, can be applied to the fuse 17, in particular directly, by the human finger brought through the access opening 18 to the fuse 17, releasing or overcoming the clamping connection.

[0114] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' has a receiving space 20 which, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, receives or surrounds at least partially, preferably predominantly, preferably completely, at least one fuse receptacle 16 and / or a locking element 17 received in a fuse receptacle 16. Thus, an insert housing 22 forming the outer boundary of insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a recess or a recess which encompasses the receiving space 20 for receiving the fuse receptacle 16 and / or a locking element 17 located in a fuse receptacle 16, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3. This ensures that the fuse receptacle 16 or the locking element 17 received in a fuse receptacle 16 is located in a generally exposed orThe fuse holder 16 is arranged or designed at a protruding point of the measuring unit 3 and is thus readily accessible, particularly manually, provided the insert 4, 4', 4'' is removed from the measuring unit 3. For example, the fuse holder 16 has two clamping arms that can engage with two end sections of a fuse element 17. For example, the fuse element 17 is designed as a so-called device protection fuse, also known as a miniature fuse. The fuse element 17 can, for example, be designed as a cylindrical body that can be attached or is attached to a fuse holder 16 on the measuring unit side by means of a force-fit and / or form-fit connection. The cylindrical body of the miniature fuse can have conductive, particularly metallic, caps at its end sections, with clamping arms of the fuse holder 16 holding the fuse element 17 electrically conductive at the end sections.

[0115] For example, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, at least one, preferably at least two, electrical safety devices 17 held on the measuring unit side are at least predominantly, preferably completely, received or can be received in a receiving volume defined by the receiving space 20. In other words, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, two or more safety devices 17 can be received at least predominantly, particularly preferably completely, in the receiving volume defined by elements or wall sections of the insert 4, 4', 4''. Thus, the recess or receiving space 20 of the insert housing 21 is dimensioned such that the at least one safety device 17 can be received.

[0116] Preferably, the receiving chamber 20 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be designed as a shaft, in particular as a shaft having a rectangular base. The shaft-like receiving chamber 20 can preferably have a cuboid shape and be bounded on at least three side faces, preferably on four side faces, which in particular run along the feed axis 12. The side faces can, for example, form the outer surface of a pot-shaped shaft, wherein the bottom of the pot forms an end face 22 of the shaft-like receiving chamber 20 located towards the center.

[0117] At least one counter-contact 8, 8', 8'', preferably the majority of the counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'', and particularly preferably all counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'', of the measuring unit 3 can be arranged or formed, for example, within the receiving volume of the receiving section 6. For example, no counter-contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3 projects beyond the wall sections 19 of the housing 19 of the measuring unit 3 that define the receiving section 6. In other words, the at least one counter-contact 8, 8', 8'', and in particular all counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'', of the measuring unit 3 are arranged or formed in the receiving section 6 such that they do not project and are thus protected by the wall sections 23 that define the receiving section 6. The receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 forms, for example, a pot-shaped receiving section 6.In particular, the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 has a receiving section 6 with a U-shaped cross-section. The at least one mating contact 8, 8', 8'', in particular all mating contacts 8, 8', 8'', can be arranged or formed in the region of a central leg of the U-shaped receiving section 6. In other words, the at least one mating contact 8, 8', 8'' can be arranged or formed on the bottom 22 of the pot-shaped receiving section 6.

[0118] It is possible that at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', preferably the majority of the contacts 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', and particularly preferably all contacts 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'', is / are arranged or configured in a contact-receiving recess 9, 9' such that this at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' is / are touch-proof when the insert 4, 4', 4'' is detached from the measuring unit 3. For this purpose, the contact-receiving recess 9, 9' has an entry opening and / or a geometric profile along its depth from an entry opening to the contact 7, 7', 7'', which is dimensioned such that contact is excluded. This prevents a human extremity, e.g., B. a human finger, comes into contact with the electrical contact 7, 7', 7'' received in the contact recess 9, 9'.For example, the geometry of the at least one contact recess 9, 9' is designed such that a finger penetrating the contact recess 9, 9' has a minimum distance to the contact 7, 7', 7'' located in the contact recess 9, 9'. For example, the minimum distance is at least 3.0 mm, preferably at least 7.0 mm, particularly preferably at least 10.0 mm, most preferably at least 12.5 mm, and further preferably at least 14 mm.

[0119] The measuring device 1 can, for example, comprise an electrical power supply unit 24, in particular an electrical energy storage device, which can be inserted into a receiving area of ​​the measuring unit 3 to supply the measuring unit 3 with electrical energy, wherein at least one contact element 25 of the electrical power supply unit 24, in particular of the energy storage device, can be connected to at least one mating contact element 26 of the measuring unit 3 to form an electrically conductive connection. The measuring unit 3 can be powered by the power supply unit 24 via the electrically conductive connection between the contact element 25 on the power supply unit side and the mating contact element 26 on the measuring unit side. Optionally, a bidirectional power supply between the measuring unit 3 and the power supply unit 24 can be provided.For example, each contact element 25 of the electrical power supply unit 24, in particular a single, counter-contact element 26 of the measuring unit 3, is assigned.

[0120] The power supply unit 24 can, for example, include an electrical energy storage device. Alternatively or additionally, the power supply unit 24 can include means that enable it to be connected to a power grid. For example, the power supply unit 24 has a connection socket for connecting it to a low-voltage network (e.g., a 230 V network). It is possible that the power supply unit 24, via a connection interface (not shown) to an external voltage network (not shown), in particular a low-voltage network, enables the charging of an electrical energy storage device and / or the powering or energy supply of the measuring unit 3, so that the measuring unit 3 can perform measurement tasks.The energy supply of the measuring unit 3 by means of the connection of an external voltage network to the energy supply unit 24 can, for example, be carried out by bypassing an electrical energy storage device of the energy supply unit 24.

[0121] In an optional embodiment, at least one access opening for access to a fuse receptacle 16 of the measuring unit 3, which receives a fuse element 17, can be closed via the power supply unit 24. That is, in the assembled state of the power supply unit and the measuring unit 3, an access opening to a fuse receptacle 16 on the measuring unit side is closed or blocked, and in the disassembled state of the power supply unit 24 and the measuring unit 3, the access opening 18 to the fuse receptacle 16 on the measuring unit side is accessible or released.

[0122] It is possible that the receiving area 27 for receiving the electrical power supply unit 24, in particular the energy storage device, and / or the receiving section 6 for receiving the insert 4, 4', 4'' is / are designed as a shaft-like or shaft-shaped recess in a housing 19 of the measuring unit 3. The receiving area 27 and / or receiving section 6, designed as a shaft-like recess, can be formed or defined by wall sections of the housing 3 of the measuring unit 3. For example, the receiving section 6 for receiving the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the receiving area for receiving the electrical power supply unit 24 can be designed as a shaft-like or shaft-shaped recess.

[0123] It is possible that at least one contact element 25 of the electrical power supply unit 24, in particular the energy storage device, preferably the majority of the contact elements 25, and especially preferably all contact elements 25, of the electrical power supply unit 24, in particular the electrical energy storage device, is / are designed as a raised feature and can be received in at least one contact element receiving recess 28 of the measuring device 1 and can be brought into contact with at least one counter-contact element 26 arranged in the contact element receiving recess 28. Preferably, the at least one counter-contact element 26 is received or designed in the contact element receiving recess 28 in such a way that the counter-contact element 26 is protected from contact, in particular not touchable by a human finger, in the contact element receiving recess 28.In other words, wall sections that at least partially define a contact element receiving recess 28 are designed such that a human finger cannot be brought into an electrically conductive connection with the at least one counter-contact element 26. This can increase the safety of the measuring unit 3, in particular the measuring instrument 1.

[0124] The at least one counter-contact element 26 of the measuring unit 3, preferably the majority of the counter-contact elements 26 of the measuring unit 3, and particularly preferably all counter-contact elements 26 of the measuring unit 3, can be arranged or configured, for example, in a contact element receiving recess 28 of the measuring unit 3 such that this counter-contact element 26 or these counter-contact elements 26 are touch-proof when the power supply unit 24 is disconnected from the measuring unit 3. The counter-contact elements 26 of the measuring unit 3 serve to establish an electrically conductive connection with contact elements 25 of the power supply unit 24.

[0125] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' has at least one receiving socket 29, in particular a plurality of receiving sockets 29, for receiving at least one plug body 30 and for forming a conductive connection between the plug body 30 received in the receiving socket 29 and at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4''. Thus, the receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can serve to receive a plug body 30 of a probe 31, wherein the free end of the probe 31 is configured for contact with a measuring point 5 or for establishing an electrically conductive connection between the measuring device 1 and a measuring point 5.

[0126] A plugging movement (plugging movement axis 32) for inserting a plug body 30 into a receiving socket 29 can, for example, be aligned at an angle β to an insertion movement or to a feeding movement axis 12 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' into the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3, wherein the angle β is not equal to 0°. For example, the angle β is at least 10°, preferably at least 30°, particularly preferably at least 45°, most preferably at least 75°, and further preferably at least 90°. In principle, the angle β can also be greater than 100°. Alternatively or additionally, the angle β can be a maximum of 175°, preferably a maximum of 170°, particularly preferably a maximum of 150°, most preferably a maximum of 135°, and further preferably 105°.Because the angle β between the insertion movement of a plug body 30s into a receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the insertion movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' into the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 lies within the value ranges specified above, the measuring instrument 1 can be easily handled. Thus, the measuring instrument 1 or the measuring unit 3 of the measuring instrument 1 can be aligned with its main extension plane parallel to a horizontal plane or placed on a horizontal work surface, and the insertion movement or the feeding movement of a plug body 30 and / or a central longitudinal axis of a plug body 30 inserted into a receiving socket 29 can be aligned at one of the aforementioned angle values ​​of the angle β, in particular at an acute angle, to the horizontal.

[0127] The connector body 30 can, for example, comprise a single electrical contact means. Preferably, the connector body 30 can have at least two contact means which, when inserted into the receiving socket 29, each establish an electrical connection with at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0128] The measuring device 1 can, for example, comprise a probe 31 provided with a plug body 30 or a measuring probe which can be attached to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via the at least one receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and, when plugged in, forms a current-conducting connection between a measuring tip 33 of the probe 31 and the measuring electronics 2 of the measuring unit 3 or forms a part of the current-conducting connection.

[0129] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have at least one data transmission interface 34, e.g., a USB port, wherein the data transmission interface 24 is connected via a data connection to a contact 7, 7', 7'' arranged in a contact receptacle 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4''. The USB port can, for example, be configured as a socket 29 for a USB plug. The data transmission interface 34 can, for example, be arranged or configured on a surface of the insert 4, 4', 4'', which is exposed to the outside when the insert 4, 4', 4'' is assembled or inserted in the measuring unit 3. That is, an external data source can be connected to the data transmission interface 34 when the insert 4, 4', 4'' is assembled / inserted. Optionally or additionally, a data transmission interface, e.g.,a USB port, which can be used for unidirectional or bidirectional power supply.

[0130] Data transmitted to the data transmission interface 34 via an external data source can be transferred to a corresponding contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3 via at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the contact recess 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4''. In particular, corresponding data can be transferred to measuring electronics 2 and / or a data storage device on the measuring unit by means of a connection between contact 7, 7', 7'' and corresponding contact 8, 8', 8''. Thus, a data connection between the measuring unit 3 and an external data source, e.g., a data processing device, connected via the data transmission interface 34 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be established via the data transmission interface 34 of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0131] For example, at least one first contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' is connected to the data transmission interface 34, and at least one second contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' is connected to at least one receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4''. This allows both information received via the data transmission interface 34 about the insert 4, 4', 4'' to be transferred to the measuring unit 3, and a measuring current supplied to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via the receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to be transferred.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can provide galvanic isolation between a measuring current supply point, e.g., a receiving socket 29, and one or more contacts 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' for connection with corresponding mating contacts 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3. The measuring current supply point can, for example, be configured as a data transmission interface 34 and / or as a receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4''. By galvanically isolating the receiving socket 29 and / or the data transmission interface 34 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' from at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' assigned to the receiving socket 29 and / or the data transmission interface 34, the risk of injury and / or the formation of high currents on the side of the insert 4, 4', 4'' facing the measuring unit 3 or at a contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be prevented.For example, an arrangement may be provided comprising at least two inserts 4, 4', 4'' and a measuring unit 3, wherein the inserts 4, 4', 4'' are intended for mutual or as-needed insertion into a receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 and the inserts 4, 4', 4'' have different categories of galvanic isolation between their respective receiving sockets 29 and / or data transmission interfaces 34 on the one hand and their contacts 7, 7', 7'' intended for transfer to the measuring unit 3 on the other. This makes it possible to select the respective insert 4, 4', 4'' and insert it into the receiving section 6 depending on the protection category or other criteria.A different protection category of the galvanic isolation of a first insert 4, 4', 4'' and at least one further insert 4, 4', 4'' can be given, for example, by the fact that the contacts 7, 7', 7'' have different distances between them or the receiving sockets 29 of the corresponding inserts 4, 4', 4'' have different distances between them.

[0133] It is possible that galvanic isolation in an insert 4, 4', 4'' is achieved by means of an optical connection or data transmission and / or inductively, i.e., by means of a coil arrangement. Thus, for example, an input signal, which is supplied to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via a data interface, can be galvanically isolated and transferred to an output contact of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to prevent currents from other areas of the insert 4, 4', 4'' from arcing over when they are transferred to the measuring unit 3.

[0134] A safety function can also be implemented via the length of contacts 7, 7', 7'' and their corresponding counter-contacts 8, 8', 8'', for example, at least one signal line can have a shorter length than at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' carrying a measuring current and their corresponding counter-contacts 8, 8', 8''.

[0135] It is possible that, in the assembled state of measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'', a load-bearing connection can be formed between the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4'', such that at least the self-weight of the measuring unit 3, in particular the self-weight of measuring unit 3 and at least one electrical power supply unit 24 connected to the measuring unit 3, is supported by the connection between measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4''. This prevents the insert 4, 4', 4'' from detaching from the measuring unit 3 under the influence of gravity. In other words, it prevents the insert 4, 4', 4'' from falling out of the measuring unit 3 due to its own weight. Separation or...A loosening of the connection between measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'' can be prevented, for example, by a mechanical locking mechanism and / or sufficiently strong clamping forces between measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'' in the assembled state. Such a connection between measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'' prevents accidental loosening. For example, measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'' can form a mutually reinforced unit / assembly.

[0136] It is possible that a locking device 35 is provided which, in a locked state, prevents the insert 4, 4', 4'' from being released from the measuring unit 3, and, in a non-locked state, allows the insert 4, 4', 4'' to be released from the measuring unit 3. It may be provided that the insert 4, 4', 4'' can only be released from the measuring unit 3 when the locking device 35 is actuated.

[0137] The locking device 35 can, for example, comprise at least one locking element 36 which is pre-tensioned into the locking state via a pre-tensioning element 37. Thus, if no external forces are applied to the measuring device 1, in particular if no external forces act on an actuating element of the locking device 35, the locking element 36 can remain in the locking state.

[0138] The locking device 35 can, for example, be moved between a locked and a unlocked state by means of an actuating means 38, 38', in particular manually. Preferably, the locking means 36 is motion-coupled with the actuating means 38, 38', so that when the actuating means 38, 38' is actuated, in particular when a muscle force is applied to the actuating means 38, 38', the locking means 36 is moved from a locked state to a unlocked state. Alternatively, the actuating means 38, 38' can be designed as a push button that actuates a controllable locking means 36 by means of a control signal. For example, the actuator is designed as a locking means 30, in particular an electrically controllable one, which can be moved between a locked and a unlocked state by means of a control signal.In particular, when a control signal is applied, the locking device 36 can be moved into a non-locking state by means of an actuator. Moving it into the locking state can, for example, be performed when the actuator acting on the locking device 36 is de-energized. Alternatively, moving the locking device 36 into the non-locking state can be achieved by controlling an actuator that moves the locking device 36.

[0139] Optionally, the locking device 36 can be latched in the locked and / or unlocked state. This means, for example, that the locking device 36 can be moved into and / or out of the locked and / or unlocked state by overcoming or pressing over a defined preload force.

[0140] The actuating means 38, 38' and the locking means 36 can, for example, be designed as a rigid assembly or as a single-piece component. The actuating means 38, 38' and the locking means 36 can each be designed as separate components and joined together in a joining process to form an assembly. Alternatively, the actuating means 38, 38' and the locking means 36 are designed as a single-piece component, in particular one made of a single material. In other words, the actuating function and the locking function can be implemented in a single-piece component, so to speak, in a single locking and actuating means, cf. Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 29, Fig. 30.

[0141] The locking device 35 can, for example, comprise at least two actuating means 38, 38', wherein the locking device 35 is configured such that the locking device 35 can only be switched between the locked and unlocked states by, in particular simultaneously, actuating at least two actuating means 38, 38'. The at least two actuating means 38, 38' can therefore be connected in series in their locking function or locking function for releasing the insert 4, 4', 4'' from the measuring unit 3, i.e., that only by actuating the at least two actuating means 38, 38' or by actively moving the at least two locking means 36, does a unlocked state occur in which the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be released from its attachment to the measuring unit 3.

[0142] It is possible that at least one actuating means 38, 38' to be used to transfer the locking device 35 between the locked state and the non-locked state is arranged or designed in such a way that it cannot be actuated by one-handed operation by a hand holding the measuring unit 3.

[0143] The at least two actuating means 38, 38' for switching the locking device 35 between the locked and unlocked states, particularly simultaneously, can, for example, be arranged or designed such that they cannot be operated by one hand, particularly simultaneously. This one-handed operation or actuation of the actuating means 38, 38' may be prevented, in particular, preferably exclusively, due to the geometric arrangement and / or the actuating movement to be performed, if the person is simultaneously holding the measuring device 1, in particular the measuring unit 3, in that one hand. In other words, it may be prevented to hold the measuring device 1 in one hand and simultaneously actuate the at least two actuating means 38, 38' with that one hand, particularly simultaneously, such that the locking means 36 are switched to their unlocked state.For this purpose, the actuating means 38, 38' can be arranged at a distance from one another and / or designed with respect to their actuation directions and / or actuation paths such that actuation of both actuating means 38, 38' by one hand, in particular by the fingers of a hand that is simultaneously holding the measuring unit, is not possible. In other words, it may be provided that the use of two hands is required to move the actuating means 38, 38' and / or the locking means 36 into a non-locking state. For example, when releasing the insert 4, 4', 4'' from the measuring unit 3, a single person must actuate a first actuating means 38 with one hand and a second actuating means 38' with a second hand.By preventing the locking device 36 from being moved into the unlocked position by the hand holding the measuring device 1, at least when the device is held in one hand, the risk of accidentally releasing insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3 is reduced. Furthermore, this requires greater attention from the user when releasing insert 4, 4', 4'', thus reducing the risk of careless handling of the measuring device 1 during this process.

[0144] For example, the at least two actuating means 38, 38' can be spaced at least 5 cm, preferably at least 8 cm, particularly preferably at least 10 cm, most preferably at least 12 cm apart. This prevents gripping or supporting the measuring device 1, in particular the measuring unit 3, with one hand and simultaneously actuating the correspondingly spaced actuating means 38, 38' with that same hand.

[0145] The axis of movement 39 of at least one actuating means 38, 38' and / or at least one locking means 36, in particular the axes of movement 39 of two actuating means 38, 38' and / or two locking means 36, can, for example, form an angle γ of 45° to 135°, preferably 60° to 120°, particularly preferably 75° to 105°, most preferably 85° to 95°, further preferably 90°, with a feed axis of movement 12 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 and / or a main extension plane of the measuring unit 3. Preferably, the axis of movement 39 of the at least one actuating means 38, 38' and / or locking means 36 runs at least sectionally, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, in a straight line.The axis of movement of the actuating means 38, 38' and / or the locking means 36 can extend at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, perpendicular to a main extension plane of the measuring unit 3 and / or perpendicular to a feed movement axis 12 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' at or into the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3. The axis of movement 39 of the actuating means 38, 38' and / or the locking means 36 is at least the predominant, and in particular the complete, straight path of movement or a resulting straight main path of movement derived from a path of movement that is at least partially curved, which the actuating means 38, 38' and / or the locking means 36 travels between a locked state and a non-locked state.

[0146] In an advantageous embodiment, a locking device 40 can be provided which, in a closed state, prevents the power supply unit 24 from being detached from the measuring unit 3 and, in an open state, allows the power supply unit 24 to be detached from the measuring unit 3. It is possible that the above-described designs and constructions for the locking device 35 can apply analogously to embodiments of the locking device 40. For example, at least one locking element 36 of the locking device 35 and at least one locking element 41 of the locking device 40 and / or at least one actuating element 38, 38' of the locking device 35 and at least one actuating element 38, 38' of the locking device 40 are designed as identical parts.For example, a first and a second locking means 36 of the locking device 35 and / or a first and a second actuating means 38, 38' of the locking device 35 and / or a first and a second actuating means 38, 38' of the locking device 40 and / or a first and a second locking means 41 of the locking device 40 can be designed as identical parts.

[0147] In a preferred embodiment, at least one locking means 36 and / or locking means 41 may have at least one sliding and / or guide chamfer 42, such that when the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24 is fed into it, a preloading element 37, in particular a preloading element 37, can be forced over the locking means 36. In other words, clipping or snapping into place can occur when the insert 4, 4', 4'' is fed into the measuring unit 3 and / or when the power supply unit 24 is fed into the measuring unit 3. Preferably, the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24 is in a locked or closed position when assembled with the measuring unit 3, i.e., by a preloading element 37.

[0148] In a preferred embodiment, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a mounting structure 43 by means of which the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be attached to, in particular in or on, a system 44 comprising electrical and / or electronic components, forming a rigid connection. Preferably, the insert 4, 4', 4'' is electrically connected or connectable to an electrical component installed on the system via an electrical connection interface, e.g., via at least one receiving socket 29, wherein, in the assembled state of the measuring unit 3 and the insert 4, 4', 4'', an electrically conductive connection between the electrical component on the system and a mating contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3 can be formed or is formed. The system 44 can, for example, be a process engineering system 44 comprising electrical and / or electronic components. Thus, the system 44 can, for example,The system 44 can be a machine tool and / or a production facility and / or a control cabinet. It can also be a vehicle, in particular a land vehicle and / or an aircraft and / or a watercraft. It is also possible that the system 44 is a vehicle equipped with an electric motor as a traction drive, in particular a motor vehicle. Thus, the system 44 can, for example, be designed as a hybrid vehicle or as an electric vehicle powered exclusively by an electric motor.

[0149] If the system 44 includes a control cabinet or is designed as such, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can thus form a control cabinet adapter, which makes it possible to connect the measuring unit 3 to the control cabinet as required.

[0150] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, be designed as a means permanently mounted to or remaining on the system 44, so that the measuring unit 3 can be coupled to the system 44 via the insert 4, 4', 4'' as needed, at least by forming a mechanical connection. Preferably, by connecting the insert 4, 4', 4'' mounted on the system 44 to the measuring unit 3, both a mechanical and an electrical connection between the system 44 and the measuring unit 3 can be formed via the insert 4, 4', 4''. Alternatively or additionally, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be permanently attached to the system 44, i.e., not detachable without damage and / or not detachable without tools. The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, be connected to the system 44 using a seal.

[0151] The mounting structure 43 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' for its attachment to the system 44 can, for example, enable attachment to a mounting rail 45 of the system 44. The mounting rail 45 of the system 44 can, for example, be designed as a DIN rail or as a mounting rail 45 having a hat-shaped profile. A connection to an electrical line on the system side can be made, for example, via the connection interface of the insert 4, 4', 4'', i.e., via at least one receiving socket 29 of the insert 4, 4', 4'', by forming a clamping connection. The clamping connection can be... B. in the manner of a switch cabinet terminal and / or a screw terminal or a plug-socket connection, for this purpose the insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a correspondingly designed connection interface which is electrically connected to a contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0152] A measuring unit 3 connected to the system 44 via the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be used, for example, to perform long-term diagnostics of the electrical or electronic components of the system 44, such as a power quality analysis. This can be particularly advantageous if several systems 44, e.g., machines, are present and each is to be subjected to measurement by the measuring unit 3. Since each of the multiple systems 44 has an insert 4, 4', 4'', a suitable mechanical and electrical connection for measurement between the measuring unit 3 and the respective system 44 can be easily and conveniently established by connecting the measuring unit 3 to the respective insert 4, 4', 4''. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that if, for example, individual components of a system 44 are replaced or modified, the measuring unit 3 assigned to that system 44 can be connected to the respective system 44.The insert 4, 4', 4'' provided at this plant 44 can be used to check the functionality of plant 44 after the replacement or modification of plant parts by means of measurements carried out by means of the measuring unit 3.

[0153] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, be attached via its mounting structure 43 to, in particular in or on, a system 44 designed as a control cabinet, forming a rigid connection. In this case, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can form a control cabinet adapter, which then becomes part of a control cabinet.

[0154] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be connected via its mounting structure 43 to, in particular in or on, a counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44 by means of a force-fit and / or form-fit fastening. The counter-mounting structure 46 can, for example, be a standardized component and / or have a standardized shape. The insert-side mounting structure 43 can, for example, be fastened to a system-side counter-mounting structure 46 by forming a rigid connection, wherein the counter-mounting structure 46 can be designed as a mounting rail 45 or wherein the counter-mounting structure 46 has a structure corresponding to a mounting rail 45.The insert 4, 4', 4'' can thus have a structure as a mounting structure 43 which at least enables the mechanical fastening of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to a counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44 designed as a mounting rail 45 or have a structure which at least enables the mechanical fastening of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to a counter-mounting structure 46 suitable for fastening a mounting rail 45.

[0155] The connection between the insert-side mounting structure 43 and a mating mounting structure 46 of the system 44 can, for example, be designed to be detachable. Preferably, the connection between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the system 44 is designed to be detachable without tools or exclusively with tools. Optionally, the electrical connection, which is formed by connecting the connection interface of the insert 4, 4', 4'' with a mating connection interface of the system 44, can also be designed to be detachable, in particular without tools or exclusively with tools.

[0156] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have a locking device 47 configured to release a connection between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the system 44, in particular with a counter-mounting structure 46, in a release state, and to lock a connection between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the system 44, in particular with the counter-mounting structure 46, in a locked state. Preferably, the locking device 47 can be moved from the locked state to the release state without tools or exclusively with tool assistance. A released connection here means that the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the system 44 can be separated, whereas in the locked state, the connection between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the system 44 cannot be separated. Providing a tool-free transition to the release state allows for convenient handling.Providing a transfer to the release state that is exclusively tool-assisted prevents accidental or hinders intentional removal of the insert 4, 4', 4'' from the system 44.

[0157] The locking device 47 can, for example, include a locking element 48 by means of which a force-locking and / or form-locking fastening of the insert-side mounting structure 43 to a system-side counter-mounting structure 46 can be achieved, wherein the locking element 48 is pre-tensioned into a locking state by a pre-tensioning element (not shown). This allows the locking element 48 to be forced against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning element during an insertion movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' onto the system 44, thus enabling the insert 4, 4', 4'' to be clipped into or attached to the system 44. The locking element 48 can, for example, include a sliding and / or guide section which, during an insertion or feeding movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' onto the system 44, engages with an element of the system 44, e.g.,a section of the counter-mounting structure 46 comes into contact 7, 7', 7'' and thus, during the insertion of the insert 4, 4', 4'' onto the system 44, generates a restoring force that counteracts the preload force of the preloading device. After an initial retraction of the locking element 48 by the contact 7, 7', 7'' with an element of the system 44, during a further insertion movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' onto the system 44, the contact 7, 7', 7'' of the sliding and / or guide section with the element can be released, and thus the locking element 48 can transition into a locking state relative to the system 44, in particular relative to the counter-mounting structure 46, forming a positive-locking and / or force-locking state. In other words, by, for example,By threading a first section of the insert-side mounting structure 43 with a first section of the counter-mounting structure 46, at least a temporary rotary bearing is formed between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the counter-mounting structure 46, such that, as the insert 4, 4', 4'' and counter-mounting structure 46 are progressively moved towards each other, particularly during a relative rotary movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and counter-mounting structure 46, a positive-locking and / or force-locking connection is formed between the mounting structure 43 and the counter-mounting structure 46 at a second section of the insert-side mounting structure 43. In this process, a temporary contact 7, 7', 7'' of a sliding and / or guide section on the locking element side with a region of the counter-mounting structure 46 can cause a return movement of the locking element 48. In other words, the locking element 48 can be designed with a preloading element in the form of a pawl.

[0158] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have a connecting section 49 by means of which a connection of the insert 4, 4', 4'' with a receiving section 6 of a measuring unit 3 of a measuring device 1 can be carried out, wherein the mounting structure 43 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' is arranged or formed at a first end region of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the connecting section 49 is arranged or formed at a second end region of the insert 4, 4', 4'' opposite the first end region.

[0159] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' has a connecting section 49 by means of which, by performing a feeding movement (feeding movement axis 12), a connection of the insert 4, 4', 4'' with a receiving section 6 of a measuring unit 3 of a measuring device 1 can be carried out, wherein a main extension plane of the mounting structure 43 and / or a main extension plane of a counter-mounting structure 46 (mounting rail 45) with a feeding movement axis of the feeding movement in the final assembly state of the insert 4, 4', 4'' on the system 44 includes an angle δ of a maximum of 75°, preferably 50°, particularly preferably 35°, most preferably 20°, further preferably 10°, and more preferably 5°. For example, the feeding movement (feeding movement axis 12) can be aligned parallel to a main extension plane of the assembly structure 43.

[0160] The mounting structure 43 can, for example, have a receiving cavity 50 for receiving a counter-mounting structure 46 on the system side, wherein the receiving cavity is arranged or formed laterally offset, see arrow 60, to a connecting section 49 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' for connecting the insert 4, 4', 4'' to a measuring unit 3. This lateral offset of the receiving cavity 50 and the connecting section 49 allows a measuring unit 3 attached to the system 44 via the insert 4, 4', 4'' to protrude from a connecting plane. In the case of the attachment of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to a mounting rail 45 of the system 44, this ensures that the measuring unit 3 protrudes laterally offset from a plane encompassing at least one mounting rail 45 of the system 44. The connecting section 49 on the operating side is formed by wall sections which dip into or penetrate a receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3.The receiving cavity 50 on the side of the device can be designed, for example, in such a way that it is suitable for receiving at least part of, preferably predominantly, and especially preferably completely, a cross-section of a counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44, in particular a system-side mounting rail 45.

[0161] The mounting structure 43 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, have a planar section which is connected to a base body 52 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' by means of a support device 51, in particular by means of at least one support rib 61. Preferably, the at least one support device 51, in particular the at least one support rib 61, is formed integrally with the housing of the base body of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0162] It is possible that a retaining device 62 is provided which is configured to form a further mechanical connection between the system 44 and the measuring unit 3, in addition to the connection of the insert 4, 4', 4'' with the measuring unit 3. This allows the measuring unit 3 to form a first mechanical connection to the system 44 via the insert 4, 4', 4'' and a further mechanical connection to the system 44 via the retaining device 62. Preferably, the additional connection of the insert 4, 4', 4'' to the system 44 by means of the retaining device 62 is designed as a force-fit and / or form-fit connection, in particular a lockable one.

[0163] A principal extension plane 53 of a measuring unit 3 attached to a system 44 via the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, form an angle of at most 75°, preferably 50°, particularly preferably 35°, most preferably 20°, more preferably 10°, and further preferably 5° with a principal extension plane 54 of a counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44, in particular a mounting rail 45 of the system 44. For example, the principal extension plane 53 of the measuring unit 3 is aligned parallel to the principal extension plane 54 of the counter-mounting structure 46, in particular a mounting rail 45 of the system 44, in the assembled state of the measuring unit 3 with an insert 4, 4', 4'' attached to the counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44.

[0164] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' comprises an electrical or electronic functional unit 55 which, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, is electrically connected or connectable to the measuring unit's mating contact 8, 8', 8''. Thus, by connecting the insert 4, 4', 4'', the functionality of the functional unit 55 can be utilized for the measuring unit 3, particularly when a measuring function of the measuring unit 3 is implemented. The functional unit 55 can, for example, include a switch for changing the number of measuring points to be measured, wherein the measuring points are accessed by means of at least one probe 31 connected to or formed on the insert 4, 4', 4''. The probe 31 can be connected or connectable to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via a flexible and at least externally electrically insulated conductor 78, e.g., a cable.The probe 31 comprises at least one contact point, e.g., a measuring tip 33, which, during the intended use of the probe 31, is brought into an electrically conductive contact 7, 7', 7'' with a section of an object to be measured, i.e., with a measuring point. The probe 31 may have a connector body 30 at the end opposite the measuring tip 33, by means of which the probe 31 can be connected to a connection interface, e.g., a receiving socket 29, of the insert 4, 4', 4''. Alternatively, the contact point, in particular the measuring tip 33, and / or a conductor 78 connecting the measuring tip 33, may be permanently attached to the insert 4, 4', 4'', i.e., not detachable without tools or non-destructively. For example, the contact point may be permanently connected to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via a flexible conductor. At least two probes 31 and / or at least one probe 31 with at least two contact points can be connected or are connected to the insertion 4, 4', 4''.

[0165] The switch of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, in a first switching state, and in particular exclusively, activate a first contact point, i.e., a first measuring tip 33, and in a second switching state, and in particular exclusively, activate a second contact point, i.e., a second measuring tip 33, of a probe 31 or several probes 31. In a third switching state, optionally, a first and a second contact point, i.e., measuring tips 33, of one or more probes 31 can be activated. Activating a contact point can be understood, for example, as the existence of an electrically conductive connection between the respective contact point of the probe 31 and the measuring unit 3. In other words, the interfaces for a possible tap of current or voltage from an object to be measured connected to the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be changed via the switch of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0166] The functional unit 55 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, comprise at least one electrical fuse; in particular, the functional unit 55 comprises at least one electrical fuse configured as a cartridge fuse and / or electronic fuse and / or self-resetting fuse and / or as a circuit breaker. The measuring unit 3 can, for example, comprise a first electrical fuse and the insert 4, 4', 4'' a second electrical fuse, wherein the fuse of the insert 4, 4', 4'' is faster-acting, i.e., has a shorter tripping time, than that of the measuring unit 3. Alternatively or additionally, the fuse of the insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a higher or lower tripping point, i.e., a higher or lower rated current, than the electrical fuse of the measuring unit 3.The electrical fuses of measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'' considered here are preferably arranged in series within an electrically conductive connection connecting a measuring point 5 of an object to be measured with a measuring electronics 2 of the measuring unit 3.

[0167] The electrical fuse can, for example, be designed as a series resistor in an electrically conductive connection connecting a measuring point 5 to the measuring electronics 2 of the measuring unit 3. In particular, the series resistor is selected such that a measuring range is modified, especially extended, compared to an insert 4, 4', 4'' that has a different series resistor or no series resistor in the connection. Thus, a first insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a first series resistor value or series resistor value range, and a second insert 4, 4', 4'' can have a second series resistor value or series resistor value range that differs from the first. This ensures that, corresponding to the insert 4, 4', 4'' used in the measuring unit 3, a desired series resistor or series resistor value range is specifically provided for performing a measurement by the measuring unit 3.

[0168] The functional unit 55 on the operating side can, for example, comprise at least one relay. By inserting a corresponding insert 4, 4', 4'' equipped with a relay into the measuring unit 3, the measuring unit 3 can perform a measurement at a measuring point under the influence of the at least one relay.

[0169] The insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, be configured to enable the testing of a high-voltage current source and / or a three-phase current source. The measuring unit 3 itself may not comprise all the elements necessary for testing a high-voltage current source and / or a three-phase current source; in particular, the measuring unit 3 does not possess a sufficient number of the necessary resistors and / or other electrical components. These elements, which are fundamentally lacking in the measuring unit 3 for measuring a high-voltage current source and / or a three-phase current source, can be contained in the insert 4, 4', 4'', so that by inserting the insert 4, 4', 4'' into the measuring unit 3, the measuring instrument 1 is enabled to measure a high-voltage current source and / or a three-phase current source.This can mean that an arrangement comprises a measuring unit 3 and at least one first insert 4, 4', 4'' and a second insert 4, 4', 4'', wherein the first insert 4, 4', 4'' in conjunction with the measuring unit 3 does not enable the measurement of a high-current source and / or a three-phase source, and the second insert 4, 4', 4'' in conjunction with the measuring unit 3 enables the measurement of a high-current source and / or a three-phase source. Thus, in a first configuration consisting of the measuring unit 3 and the first insert 4, 4', 4'', a measuring instrument 1 with reduced functionality or capable of being used for a first purpose can be formed, and in a second configuration formed by the measuring unit 3 and the second insert 4, 4', 4'', a measuring instrument 1 with extended functionality or capable of being used for a different purpose can be formed.

[0170] It is possible that the insert 4, 4', 4'' comprises measuring electronics 56, wherein, in the assembled state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3, the insert-side measuring electronics 56 is electrically connected or connectable to at least one mating contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3. Preferably, the insert-side measuring electronics 56 is connected or connectable to measuring electronics 2 on the measuring unit via the connection of contact 7, 7', 7'' and mating contact 8, 8', 8''. In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that an insert-side measuring electronics 56 is supplied with electrical energy via an electrical power supply unit 24, in particular an electrical energy storage device, connected to the measuring unit 3. Thus, the measuring unit 3 can be used as a line component for the transmission of electrical energy from a device attached to a receiving area of ​​the measuring unit 3.connected power supply unit 24 to a measuring electronics 2 of the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0171] For example, the power supply unit 24 and the insert 4, 4', 4'' can each be provided as a unit comprising a housing, which are each connected or connectable to, in particular in or onto, the measuring unit 3 to form a rigid assembly. Accordingly, the measuring unit 3 can have interfaces that make it possible to establish a mechanical and an electrical connection between the power supply unit 24 and the measuring unit 3.

[0172] In a further optional embodiment, the insert 4, 4', 4'' or an electrical and / or electronic device 57 comprising the insert 4, 4', 4'', in particular a measuring device comprising the insert 4, 4', 4'' and equipped with measuring electronics 58, can have a principal extension plane that forms an angle ε with a principal extension plane of the measuring unit 3 in the range of 10° to 170°, preferably from 25° to 155°, particularly preferably from 40° to 140°, most preferably from 55° to 125°, and more preferably from 80° to 100°. The electrical and / or electronic device 57 comprising or including the insert 4, 4', 4'' can, for example, be designed as a case. By joining the device-side, in particular the case-side, insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3, a rigid connection or a rigid assembly can be formed from device 57, insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3.At least temporarily, in a non-assembled state of measuring unit 3 and insert 4, 4', 4'', the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be covered, at least partially, preferably completely, by a shielding means 59, in particular by a shielding means 59 of the device 57. The shielding means 57 can protect the insert 4, 4', 4'' from mechanical influences. In the closed state of a device 57 designed as a case, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be covered by a case lid, and after the case is opened, the insert 4, 4', 4'' can be exposed in order to connect the measuring unit 3 to the insert 4, 4', 4'', so that the case forms a connection, in particular a rigid one, or a rigid assembly, with the measuring unit 3 via the insert 4, 4', 4''.

[0173] The measuring device 1 can, for example, include a safety device that, in the unassembled state of the insert 4, 4', 4'' on the measuring unit 3 and / or in the unassembled state of the power supply unit 24 on the measuring unit 3, blocks at least one function of the measuring unit 3; in particular, the use of the measuring electronics 2 of the measuring unit 3 can be blocked. Consequently, after the insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3 and / or the power supply unit 24 and measuring unit 3 are in their intended assembled state, at least one function, in particular a measuring function, of the measuring unit 3 can be enabled via the safety device.The release of the function can enable its activation by actuating a further means, whereas if the intended composite state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3 and / or measuring unit 3 and energy supply unit 24 is not present, activation of at least one predefined function of measuring unit 3 is not possible despite actuating the further means.

[0174] The safety device can, for example, comprise at least one detection means that detects the combined state of the insert 4, 4', 4'' on the measuring unit 3 and / or the inserted state of the power supply unit 24 on the measuring unit 3 by means of contact. For this purpose, a push button and / or a switch can be provided, for example, which is activated by the insertion of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24 and outputs an insertion signal. The insertion signal can describe a correct or incorrect insertion of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24 on the measuring unit 3 and is transmitted to a control device which, depending on the insertion signal, blocks or enables at least one function of the measuring unit 3.The activation signal can be used alternatively or additionally to output an optically and / or acoustically and / or haptically perceptible information message via an output device of the measuring unit 3 and / or the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24. The information message can, for example, be output as text and / or image information via a display arranged on the measuring unit 3.

[0175] Regardless of whether a warning message is displayed in connection with the assembly of insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or power supply unit 24 with the measuring unit 3, the measuring unit 3 and / or the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or the power supply unit 24 may have an output device for the optical and / or acoustic and / or haptic output of information. For example, an LED is used as the optical output device. Haptly perceptible information can be provided, for example, by means of a vibration element. For this purpose, defined information can be output in the form of a defined vibration pattern.

[0176] The safety device can, for example, include a detection means that non-contactly detects the combined state of the insert 4, 4', 4'' at the measuring unit 3 and / or the combined state of the power supply unit 24 at the measuring unit 3. For example, a proximity switch can be used to non-contactly detect the combined or inserted, or uncombined or uninserted, state of insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or power supply unit 24, each with the measuring unit 3. In particular, an insertion signal describing the insertion or non-insertion state is output. Depending on this signal, a warning message can be output and / or measuring electronics 2 can be switched to an operating or non-operating state.Contactless detection can also be carried out, for example, by means of an optical sensor and / or a radio sensor, e.g. an RFID sensor, so that the achievement of a target assembly position of power supply unit 24 and measuring unit 3 and / or of insert 4, 4', 4'' and measuring unit 3 can be detected by means of optical detection and / or by means of the detection of a radio signal, in particular an RFID signal.

[0177] Regarding the design of the electrical contact interface between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3, i.e., the design of the insert-side contact 7, 7', 7'' and the measuring unit-side mating contact 8, 8', 8'', it can be provided that the insert 4, 4', 4'' has a first contact 7, 7', 7'' and a second contact 7, 7', 7'', wherein the first contact 7, 7', 7'' is designed as a safety and / or grounding contact or is used to form a grounding and / or a safeguarding connection, wherein during the joining of the insert 4, 4', 4'' into the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3, the first contact 7, 7', 7'' first establishes an electrically conductive connection with an associated mating contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3, and then the second contact 7, 7', 7'' with a corresponding counter contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3.The safety contact can, for example, serve to establish a safe connection, e.g., to earth (grounding contact), when connected to the measuring unit 3, so that the occurrence of dangerous voltages, especially touch voltages, is prevented in the event of a device malfunction. By first establishing an electrically conductive connection between the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3 via the safety and / or grounding contact, and only then via further insert-side contacts 7, 7', 7'' with corresponding mating contacts 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3, it is ensured that at least one intended grounding path exists in the event of a fault.

[0178] For example, the measuring unit 3 and / or the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or a probe 31 attachable to the insert 4, 4', 4'' has a handle that forms an electrically conductive connection between the handle and the first contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or with a grounding path on the measuring unit 3. Thus, for example, a person holding the measuring unit 3 as intended can form part of a grounding path via the handle and / or a measuring unit 3 that is placed on the ground as intended can form part of a grounding path via the contact area with the ground.

[0179] The at least one mating contact 8, 8', 8'' of the measuring unit 3 and / or the at least one mating contact element 26 of the measuring unit 3 can be designed as a knob, i.e., the mating contact 8, 8', 8'' and / or the mating contact element 26 can be designed as a relatively long and at the same time narrow cylindrical body, in particular a circular cylindrical body. Furthermore, for example, at least one contact 7, 7', 7'' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or at least one contact receiving recess 9, 9' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' receiving the contact 7, 7', 7'' and / or at least one contact element 25 of the electrical energy storage device can have a shape corresponding to the mating contact 8, 8', 8'' or the mating contact element 26.

[0180] The at least one measuring unit-side counter-contact 8, 8', 8'' and / or the at least one measuring unit-side counter-contact element 26 can be, for example, attached to the housing body 9, 9' of the measuring unit 3 by a reinforcement measure (e.g., a reinforcement frame) or arranged or formed on a circuit board, wherein the circuit board has a stiffness and / or strength such that it can absorb forces that occur during the assembly of the insert 4, 4', 4'' and the measuring unit 3 and / or the electrical power supply unit 24 and the measuring unit 3, and in particular transfer them to the housing 19 of the measuring unit 3, acting as a mechanical force-dissipating or load-bearing means. This allows, in the case of the use of a reinforced orA circuit board with a defined minimum thickness serves as a reinforcement measure, not only for conducting currents / voltages carried via contacts 7, 7', 7'', but also for mechanically supporting the at least one mating contact 8, 8', 8'' and / or the at least one mating contact element 26 on the housing body 9, 9' of the measuring unit 3. In other words, the circuit board can be designed or used as part of a support when insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or electrical energy storage device is connected to the measuring unit 3.

[0181] It is possible that at least one counter contact 8, 8', 8'' and / or at least one counter contact element 26 is fixed on at least one circuit board by means of SMD soldering.

[0182] In addition to the measuring device 1, the invention comprises an arrangement comprising a measuring device 1 as described herein, wherein the arrangement or the measuring device 1 has at least one measuring unit 3 and at least two inserts 4, 4', 4'', wherein the inserts 4, 4', 4'' can be alternately attached or connected to a receiving section 6 of the at least one measuring unit 3 in an assembled state. It is possible that a first insert 4, 4', 4'' comprises a first functional unit 55 and a second insert 4, 4', 4'' comprises a second functional unit 55', different from the first functional unit 55, wherein the functional unit 55, 55' of the insert 4, 4', 4'' received in the receiving section 6 is integrated into the measurement during the execution of a measurement by the measuring device 1, or performs a function related to the measurement, or is available to perform a function related to the measurement – ​​if required – e.g.as an electrical fuse.

[0183] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for performing a measurement to measure a measuring current at a measuring point 5 using a measuring device 1 described herein.

[0184] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the measuring unit 3 can have a fastening device 66 by means of which the measuring unit 3 can be detachably fastened to a third-party object (not shown). Preferably, the measuring unit 3 can be connected to a third-party object via the fastening device 66 by means of a force-fit and / or positive-fit connection. The third-party object can be, for example, a display or an optical output device (not shown) and / or a probe 31, which can therefore be detachably connected to the measuring unit 3. The fastening device 66 can, for example, comprise a connection component based on magnetic forces. Optionally, a cover 67 can be arranged or arranged on the housing 19 of the measuring unit 3. The cover 67 can be detachably connected or connectable to the measuring unit 3, in particular by means of a force-fit and / or positive-fit connection.The cover 67 can have a recess through which a mounting device 66 on the measuring unit side is at least partially accessible. In other words, a mounting device 66 can be attached to load-bearing parts, e.g., a housing 19 of the measuring unit 3, wherein a cover 67 in its final assembly position on the housing 19 ensures the accessibility of the mounting device 66, so that a third-party object to be attached to the mounting device 66 and / or a part of the mounting device 66 can be passed through or extend through the recess of the cover 67. In a preferred embodiment, the cover 67 in its final assembly position orWhen this cover is attached to the measuring unit 3 as intended, it covers at least one actuating element 38, in particular all actuating elements 38, of the locking device 35 and / or the locking device 40, at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely. In other words, if a cover 67 is attached to the measuring unit 3, actuation or access to at least one actuating surface of the locking device 35 and / or the locking device 40 can be concealed. This can increase the safety in handling the measuring device, since in this state it is not possible to release the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or a power supply unit 24.

[0185] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, it can be provided, for example, that identical or different inserts 4, 4', 4'', in particular in series, can be connected to or are connected to the measuring unit 3. A first insert 4' can be inserted into the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3. A second insert 4 can be attached to or inserted into a receiving interface 68 of the first insert 4'. The second insert 4 can optionally have a further receiving interface 69, e.g., in or on it, to which a third insert 4'' is connected or connectable. The first insert 4' and / or the second insert 4 and / or the third insert 4'' can / can have measuring electronics 56 and / or a functional unit 55. It is possible that a measurement signal received or picked up by a probe 31 is transmitted to the first insert 4', modified or unmodified, at least via the second and / or third insert 4, 4''.is passed through and, in particular, exclusively via the first insert 4' to a measuring unit-side measuring electronics 2. Any power supply for the first and / or second and / or third insert 4', 4, 4'' can be provided, for example, via a power supply unit 24 connected to the receiving area 27 of the measuring unit 3.

[0186] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 16, the holding means 62, in particular detachable, can be attached to a counter-holding means structure 63 of the system 44 or can be attached to it.

[0187] In the Fig. Figures 6, 18 to 23, 29 and 30 show the locking device 35 and / or the locking device 40 and partly components of these actuating means 38, locking means 36 and / or locking means 40.

[0188] In the Fig. Figures 18 to 21 illustrate an example of removing insert 4 from measuring unit 3, where in Fig. Figure 18 shows a locked or latched state. In this state, a hook 70 on the locking element side engages a counter-hook 71 of the insert 4, thus preventing relative movement between the insert 4 and the measuring unit 3. By actuating the actuating element 38 or the locking element 36, the engagement of the hook 70 and the counter-hook 71 is released, see Figure 18. Fig. 19. The applied actuating force counteracts or overcomes a restoring force exerted by a preload element 37 on the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38. Furthermore, an ejection movement of the insert 4 can optionally be effected by actuating the actuating means 38 or the locking means 36. For this purpose, for example, sliding surfaces 72, 73 of the locking means 36 or actuating means 38 and the insert 4, 4', 4'' can slide against each other, at least section by section. In this way, for example, an actuating movement can be redirected, at least section by section, and / or movement components of the actuated locking means 36 and / or actuating means 38 can be converted into an ejection movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'', cf. Fig. 19. According to the Fig. 20 and Fig. 21. A linear release movement of the insert 4, 4', 4'' relative to the measuring unit 3 can then take place, in particular exclusively. Fig. Figure 21 shows an exemplary embodiment of the insertion-side hook counter-structure 71 and the sliding ramp 73. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the locking means 36 and the actuating means 38 are formed in one piece; alternatively, the locking means 36 and / or the actuating means 38 can be formed in multiple parts. Optionally, a spring or an elastomer can be used as the preloading element 37. Alternatively or additionally, the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 can have a guide structure that guides the preloading element 37 at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely; for example, the guide structure is designed as a guide dome 74, see Figure 21. Fig. 29, Fig. 30.

[0189] As especially in the Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 29 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 30, the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 can have a retaining means 75 which defines an end position of the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 against the restoring force of the preloading element 37. The retaining element 75 thus forms a stop with the structure of the measuring unit 3. For example, the retaining element 75 can be formed integrally with the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38; preferably, the retaining element 75 is resiliently mounted or formed with a basic structure of the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38, so that during initial assembly of the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 into a receiving shaft of the housing 19, the retaining element 75 springs in and, after reaching a target position within the receiving shaft, the retaining element 75 can spring back, which holds the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 "trapped" in the receiving shaft.only allows relative movement between the retaining element 75 and the receiving shaft to a defined extent. For example, the retaining element 75 is designed as a single component of the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 and has a retaining hook which is elastically movable via a spring leg on a base body of the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38.

[0190] Optionally, as exemplified in Fig. Figure 29 shows that the retaining element 75, for example, has a sliding ramp 76 which allows a defined rebound of the retaining element 75 during its insertion into the receiving shaft. Fig. Figure 22 shows the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 in a maximally actuated position. Fig. Figure 23 shows the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 in its maximum possible return position driven or pre-tensioned by the pre-tensioning element 37 by means of the retaining means 75.

[0191] As in the Fig. 22 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 23, it can be provided that the retaining element 75, when the insert 4 is detached from the measuring unit 3, is accessible via the access opening 18 or via the receiving section 6. This allows, for example, in the case of mounting the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 via the receiving section 6, manipulation or retraction of the retaining element 75 to release its retaining function and thus detach the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 from the measuring unit 2. In an optional embodiment, the locking and / or actuating element 36, 38 is mounted in the receiving shaft in a rotationally secure manner.

[0192] As especially from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 29, it can be provided, for example, that at least two of the three sliding ramps 42, 72 and 76, preferably all three sliding ramps 42, 72, 76, are arranged or formed on a common side, e.g., a common longitudinal side, of the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38. For example, it is possible that in the final assembly state of the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38, at least two of the, preferably all three, sliding ramps 42, 72, 76 face the access opening 18, i.e., are accessible via the receiving section 6 in the disassembled state of the insert 4.

[0193] The ones belonging to the Fig. The explanations in sections 18 to 23, as well as 29 and 30, regarding optional configurations of the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38, are applicable or transferable to optional configurations of the closing means 41 of the locking device 40. In other words, the closing means 41 can, for example, be end-position limited by a retaining means 75 on the measuring unit 3 and / or initiate an ejection movement of a power supply unit 24 via a sliding ramp 72 when actuated. It is also possible, for example, that the locking and / or actuating means 36, 38 and the closing means 41 are designed as identical parts.

[0194] As an example from Fig. As can be seen from Figure 17, the locking element 48 may have at least one sliding and / or guiding section. This sliding and / or guiding section may come into contact with the counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44, e.g., a mounting rail 45, during the attachment of the mounting structure 43 of the insert 4 to a counter-mounting structure 46 of the system 44, and thereby the locking element 48 acts against a preload force that returns it to the closed position. In the final assembly state of the insert 4 on the system 44, the contact of the sliding and / or guiding section with the counter-mounting structure 46 is released, and a locking section of the locking element 48 limits the movement of the insert relative to the counter-mounting structure 46, in particular by means of a positive and / or force-fit. The locking element 48 may be preloaded into the closed position by means of a preloading device.

[0195] As especially from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 9, it may be provided, for example, that the insert 4 has a termination plane on its side facing the measuring unit 3, into which the contacting recesses 9, 9' open at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely. Optionally, the receiving chamber 20 can also open into this termination plane; that is, in addition to the contacting recesses 9, 9', the receiving chamber 20 also extends from the termination plane towards the center of the insert 4.

[0196] For example - see below. Fig. 25 - The device 57, designed as a case, can, for example, have a handle 77. Preferably, the handle 77 is attached to the part of the case containing the measuring electronics 58 and / or the connection interface or the insert 4.

[0197] As exemplified in the Fig. As shown in Figures 26 to 28, it may be possible to connect different measuring probes 31 alternately to the measuring unit 3; for this purpose, the individual measuring probes 31 may have different configurations on measuring tips 33; two measuring tips rigid to each other (cf. Fig. 26), three measuring tips rigid to each other 33 (cf. Fig. 27) or three flexible measuring tips 33 (see Fig. 28). The end of a probe 31, in particular of each probe 31, which serves for connection with the measuring unit 3, can be configured as an insert 4, 4', 4'', such that the at least one probe 31 can be connected to the receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 via its insert 4, 4', 4''. Optionally, it can be provided that a probe handle body 79 having at least one measuring tip 33 is connected or connectable to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via a line 78; in particular, the line is detachably or permanently connected to the probe handle body 79 and / or to the insert. In a preferred embodiment, the line 78 is connected or connectable to the probe handle body 79 and / or to the insert 4, 4', 4'' via a ball joint bearing.The ball joint bearing can enable a rotatable bearing of the end of the line 78 attached to the insert 4, 4', 4'' and / or to the probe handle body 79 via at least two, preferably three, mutually perpendicular axes of rotation.

[0198] For example, in the Fig. As can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, it can be provided that a feed movement axis 12 of the insert 4, 4', 4'' for its insertion into a receiving section 6 of the measuring unit 3 and a feed movement axis 80 of the power supply unit 24 for its attachment or insertion onto or into a receiving area 27 of the measuring unit 3 are aligned parallel to each other, in particular lying on a common straight line. Alternatively, the feed movement axes 12 and 80 can enclose an angle of less than 91°, preferably less than 46°, particularly preferably less than 31°, most preferably less than 10°. REFERENCE MARK LIST 1 measuring device 2 out of 3 measuring electronics 3 Unit of measurement 4, 4', 4'' insert 5 Measurement location 6 Recording section of 3 7, 7', 7'' Contact of 4 8, 8', 8'' Counter contact of 3 9, 9' Contact exception of 4 10 first group of 9, 9' 11 second group of 9, 9'f 12 Feed motion axis from 4 to 3 13 Longitudinal axis of slotted hole 14, 14' row of 9, 9' 15, 15' Column of 9, 9' 16 fuse holder 17 safety devices 18 Access opening 19 cases of 3 20 recording room of 4 21 insert housings 22 Frontal area of ​​20 23 Wall section of 3 24 Energy supply unit 25 contact elements out of 24 26 counter contact element of 3 27 Recording range of 3 for 24 28 Contact element receiving recess of 4 29 recording socket of 4 30 connector bodies out of 31 31 probe 32 Plug-in movement axis 33 measuring tip of 31 34 Data transmission interface 35 Locking device 36 locking devices 37 Preload element for 36 38 Actuators 39 Axis of movement of 36, 38, 38' 40 Locking device 41 locking devices out of 40 42 first sliding slope of 36, 38, 48 43 Assembly structure of 4 44 Annex 45 mounting rail 46 Counter-mounting structure 47 Locking device of 4 for 46 48 blocking devices out of 47 49 Connecting section of 4 (penetrating into receiving section 6 of 3) 50 intake cavity of 43 51 support device of 4 52 basic shapes of 4 53 Main extent level of 3 54 Main extent level of 46 55 functional unit of 4 56 measuring electronics of 4 57 facility 58 measuring electronics out of 57 59 Shielding agents 60 Arrow / lateral offset of 49 and 50 61 Support rib 62 Holding devices 63 Counter-holding structure of 44 64 Main extent level of 57 65 Main extent level of 43 66 Fastening device 67 Coverage 68 Recording interface of 4' 69 additional recording interfaces out of 4 70 out of 36 71 Hook counterstructure of 4, 4', 4'' 72 Sliding slope of 36, 38, 48 73 Sliding slope of 4, 4', 4'' 74 Leadership Dome 75 retention devices of 36, 38, 48 76 Sliding slope of 75 77 handles out of 57 78 Management of 31 79 probe handle bodies out of 31 80 Feed motion axis from 24 to 27 α Angle between longitudinal axis 13 of elongated holes β Angle between 32 and 12 γ angle between 39 and 12 δ Angle between 12 and 65 or between 12 and 54 ε Angle between 64 and 53

Claims

[1] Measuring instrument (1) for measuring electrical quantities, wherein the measuring instrument (1) comprises a measuring unit (3) having measuring electronics (2) and an insert (4, 4', 4'') which is configured to supply a measuring current from a measuring point (5) to the measuring unit (3), wherein the measuring unit (3) has a receiving section (6) for receiving the insert (4, 4', 4'') and in the assembled state of the insert (4, 4', 4'') in the receiving section (6) one or more contacts (7, 7', 7'') of the insert (4, 4', 4'') are electrically connected to at least one corresponding counter-contact (8, 8', 8'') of the measuring unit (3).are, wherein a fuse receptacle (16) for receiving an electrical fuse (17) is arranged or formed on the measuring unit (3), wherein the fuse receptacle (16) is accessible via the receiving section (6) in the unassembled state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3) and the fuse receptacle (16) is not accessible in the assembled state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3). [2] Measuring device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the insert (4, 4', 4'') has a receiving space (20) which, in the assembled state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3), receives and / or surrounds at least sectionally, preferably predominantly, preferably entirely, at least a safety receptacle (16) and / or a safety device (17) received in a safety receptacle (16). [3] Measuring device (1) according to claim 2, characterized by, that in the combined state of insert (4, 4', 4'') and measuring unit (3) at least two electrical safety devices (17) held on the measuring unit side are at least predominantly, preferably completely, received or received in a receiving volume defined by the receiving space (20). [4] Measuring device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by , that the receiving space (20) of the insert (4, 4', 4'') is designed in a shaft-like manner, in particular as a shaft having a rectangular base area. [5] Measuring device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that at least one counter-contact (8, 8', 8'') designed as a highlight, preferably the majority of the counter-contacts (8, 8', 8''), particularly preferably all counter-contacts (8, 8', 8'') of the measuring unit (3) is arranged or designed within a receiving volume of the receiving section (6), preferably no counter-contact (8, 8', 8'') of the measuring unit (3) projects beyond the wall sections (23) of the housing (19) of the measuring unit (3) defining the receiving section (6). [6] Measuring device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the at least one contact (7, 7', 7'') of the insert (4, 4', 4''), preferably the majority of the contacts (7, 7', 7'') of the insert (4, 4', 4''), particularly preferably all contacts (7, 7', 7'') of the insert (4, 4', 4''), is or is arranged or designed in a contact receiving recess (9, 9') such that this at least one contact (7, 7', 7'') is touch-proof in the state of the insert (4, 4', 4'') released from the measuring unit (3). [7] Measuring device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that an electrical power supply unit (24), in particular an electrical energy storage device, can be inserted into a receiving area (27) of the measuring unit (3) to supply the measuring unit (3) with electrical energy and that at least one contact element (25) of the electrical power supply unit (24), in particular of the energy storage device, can be connected to at least one counter-contact element (26) of the measuring unit (3) to form an electrically conductive connection. [8] Measuring device (1) according to claim 7, characterized by , that the receiving area (27) for receiving an electrical power supply unit (24), in particular an energy storage device, and / or the receiving section (6) for receiving the insert (4, 4', 4'') is / are designed as a shaft-like or shaft-shaped recess in a housing (19) of the measuring unit (3). [9] Measuring device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by, that at least one contact element (25) of the electrical power supply unit (24), in particular the energy storage device, preferably the majority of the contact elements (25), particularly preferably all contact elements (25), of the electrical power supply unit (24), in particular the electrical energy storage device, is / are designed as a highlight(s) and is / are receptible in at least one contact element receiving recess (28) of the measuring unit (3) and is / are receptible to contact with at least one counter-contact element (26) arranged in the contact element receiving recess (28). [10] Measuring device (1) according to claim 9, characterized by, that the at least one counter-contact element (26) of the measuring unit (3), preferably the majority of the counter-contact elements (26) of the measuring unit (3), particularly preferably all counter-contact elements (26) of the measuring unit (3), is or is arranged or designed in at least one contact element receiving recess (28) of the measuring unit (3) such that this counter-contact element (26) or these counter-contact elements (26) is or are touch-proof in the state of the power supply unit (24) detached from the measuring unit (3). [11] Arrangement comprising a measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, consisting of at least one measuring unit (3) and at least two inserts, wherein the inserts can be alternately assembled on a receiving section (6) of the measuring unit (3) in an assembled state. [12] Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized by, that a first insert (4, 4', 4'') comprises a first functional unit (55) and a second insert (4, 4', 4'') comprises a second functional unit (55') different from the first functional unit (55), wherein the functional unit (55, 55') of the insert (4, 4', 4'') included in the recording section (6) is incorporated into the measurement during the execution of a measurement by the measuring instrument (1). [13] Method for performing a measurement to measure a measuring current at a measuring point (5) using a measuring device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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