Cutting insert, cutting tool and method for producing a machine-made product

Abstract

A cutting insert (1) comprising: a first surface (7) with a first corner (3) and a first side (5a) extending from the first corner (3), a second surface (9) arranged on a side opposite the first surface (7), a third surface (11) arranged between the first and second surfaces (7, 9), and a web surface (13) which is arranged between the first surface (7) and the third surface (11) and is inclined relative to the first surface (7) and the third surface (11), wherein the web surface (13) has: a first web surface (15) arranged along the first corner (3), a second web surface (17) which is arranged along the first side (5a) and which, when viewed in a cross-section orthogonal to the first side (5a), has a straight-line shape, and a third web surface (19) with a concave shape when viewed in a cross-section orthogonal to the first side (5a), which is adjacent to the second web surface (17) and is located further away from the first web surface (15) than the second web surface (17).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present embodiments relate to cutting inserts, cutting tools, and methods for producing a machined or chip-removing product. Specifically, the present embodiments relate to cutting inserts and cutting tools for use in turning tools, as well as methods for producing a machined product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cutting tools described in WO 2016 / 043 127 A and JP H02 43105 U, respectively, are cutting tools for use in a cutting operation on a workpiece, such as metal. A cutting insert (insert) in the cutting tool described in WO 2016 / 043 127 A has negative ridges (ridge surfaces) arranged along a crest line of a straight cutting edge and a crest line of a cutting edge with a nose radius.

[0003] Furthermore, a cutting insert is known from DE 198 56 931 A1 or DE 10 2008 001 846 A1, comprising: a first surface with a first corner and a first side extending from the first corner, a second surface arranged on a side opposite the first surface, a third surface arranged between the first and the second surface, and a web surface arranged between the first surface and the third surface and inclined relative to the first surface and the third surface, wherein the web surface comprises: a first web surface arranged along the first corner, a second web surface arranged along the first side, and a third web surface with a concave shape adjacent to the second web surface and arranged further away from the first web surface than the second web surface.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to improve the machining performance in a cutting process. BRIEF EXPLANATION

[0005] The problem is solved by a cutting insert having the features of claim 1. The problem is further solved by a cutting tool having the features of claim 8. The problem is also solved by a method for producing a machined product having the features of claim 9. Further advantageous embodiments of the cutting insert are described in the dependent claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a cutting insert in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig. 2 is a front view of the in Fig. 1. Cutting insert shown, viewed from the side of a first surface, Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing an area A1 in Fig. 1 shows, Fig. 4 is an enlarged view showing an area A2 in Fig. 2 shows, Fig. 5 is a side view showing the Fig. The cutting insert shown in section 2, viewed from a B1 direction, shows Fig. 6 is an enlarged view showing an A3 area in Fig. 5 shows, Fig. Figure 7 is a conceptual representation of a cutting process, which is associated with the in Fig. The cutting operation shown in section 1 is carried out. Fig. 8 is a sectional view along line XIII-X-III in Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 9 is a sectional view along line IX-IX in Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 10 is a sectional view along line XX in Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 11 is a sectional view along line XI-XI in Fig. 5, Fig. 12 is a sectional view along line XII-XII in Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 13 is a sectional view of a cutting insert in one of the embodiments, Fig. Figure 14 is a side view showing a cutting tool in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig. Figure 15 is a representation showing one of the steps in a process for producing a machined product in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig. Figure 16 is a representation showing one of the steps in the process for producing a machined product in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig. Figure 17 is a representation showing one of the steps of the process for producing a machined product in the embodiment of the present disclosure. EXECUTION FORMS<Schneideinsätze>

[0006] The cutting inserts 1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "inserts 1") in several embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. For the purpose of description, the drawings mentioned below show, in simplified form, only the main elements necessary to describe the inserts 1 in the embodiments. The cutting inserts 1 in the present disclosure are therefore capable of having any arbitrary structural element not depicted in the aforementioned drawings. The dimensions of the elements in each of the drawings do not accurately represent the dimensions of the actual structural elements or the dimensional ratios of these elements.

[0007] The insert 1 in one of the embodiments has a first surface 7, a second surface 9 and a third surface 11 as shown in Fig. 1 shown on. The first surface 7 is an upper surface in Fig. 1. The first surface 7 can have a first corner 3 and a first side 5a extending from the first corner 3. The second surface 9 is a lower surface in Fig. 1. The second surface 9 is located on a side opposite the first surface 7. The third surface 11 is a side surface in Fig. 1. The third area 11 is arranged between the first area 7 and the second area 9.

[0008] The first surface 7 has a polygonal shape, and the first surface 7 has the shape of a rhombus in a Fig. 2. Accordingly, the first surface 7 has four corners and four sides. The third surface 11 has four planar areas, since the first surface 7 has the shape of a rhombus.

[0009] The first corner 3 is one of the four corners of the first surface 7, and the first side 5a is one of the four sides of the first surface 7 in Fig. 2. An axis that passes through a center of the first surface 7 and a center of the second surface 9 is a central axis P.

[0010] The first surface 7 can have an approximate polygonal shape and need not have a strictly polygonal shape. That is, the sides of the first surface 7 with the polygonal shape do not have to be strictly straight lines, but can, for example, have a convexly curved or a concavely curved shape. The vertices of the first surface 7 with the polygonal shape are not restricted to a structure formed by the intersection of two straight lines, but can, for example, have an outwardly rounded shape. The first vertex 3 has a convexly curved shape in a way that is Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment.

[0011] The shape of the first surface 7 is not limited to the configuration above. There is no problem even if the first surface 7 has, for example, a pentagonal, hexagonal, or octagonal shape instead of a square one.

[0012] The dimensions of insert 1 are not particularly limited. For example, the length of one side of the first surface 7 can be set to approximately 3-20 mm. The height from the first surface 7 to the second surface 9 can be set to approximately 5-20 mm.

[0013] Alternatively, the insert 1 can have a hole 39 that opens into the first surface 7. The hole 39 can pass through the second surface 9, which is located on a side opposite the first surface 7. An axis passing through the center of the hole 39 coincides with the central axis P in the Fig. The hole 39 is not limited to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, but can, for example, open into the third surface 11. The hole 39 can be one that extends from one of the planar areas of the third surface 11 to another, which is located on a side opposite the planar area.

[0014] Hole 39 can be used as an insertion hole for a fastening tool when insert 1 is attached to a holder. Examples of fastening tools include a screw, a clamping element, and a wedge. Alternatively, insert 1 can be attached to the holder using solder.

[0015] In this embodiment, the insert 1 has a web surface 13 arranged between the first surface 7 and the third surface 11. The web surface 13 is oriented relative to the first surface 7 and the third surface 11 in a manner described below. Fig. 5 and Fig. inclined embodiment 6.

[0016] The web surface 13 has a first web surface 15, a second web surface 17, and a third web surface 19. The first web surface 15 is arranged along the first corner 3. The second web surface 17 is arranged along the first side 5a. The third web surface 19 is adjacent to the second web surface 17 and is arranged further away from the first web surface 15 than the second web surface 17. The third web surface 19 has a concave shape.

[0017] The web surface 13 is generally referred to as a "web," i.e., a flat surface of small width extending along a cutting edge. If the insert 1 has the web surface 13, the cutting edge has high durability. The term "extends" in this disclosure refers to a state in which two objects extend approximately parallel to each other. The two objects may be in contact with each other or kept apart from each other.

[0018] The third web surface 19 can be connected to the second web surface 17. In particular, the second web surface 17 can have a first end section adjacent to the first web surface 15 and a second end section located on a side opposite the first end section. The third web surface 19 can be connected to the second end section.

[0019] The first corner 3 has a convexly curved shape that protrudes from the insert 1, and the first web surface 15 is located along the first corner 3 in the Fig. The embodiment is arranged as shown in Figure 4. The first side 5a has a straight shape, and the second web surface 17 is arranged along the first side 5a. The third web surface 19 has a concave shape, which is recessed towards the interior of the insert 1. Similar to the second web surface 17, the third web surface 19 can be arranged along the first side 5a.

[0020] The phrase “the third web surface 19 has a concave shape” in the present disclosure means that it is a shape that satisfies at least one of the following two conditions. The first condition is that an interface (ridge line) of the first surface 7 and the third web surface 19 has a concave shape in a front view of the first surface 7. The second condition is that in a cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P, the third web surface 19 has a concave shape.

[0021] The insert 1 can have a cutting edge that is arranged at least on a section of an interface between the web surface 13 and the third surface 11. If the cutting edge is arranged on the section, at least part of the first surface 7 can be a chip surface area 7a. An area in the first surface 7 that is arranged along the web surface 13 is the chip surface area 7a in the Fig. 3 embodiment shown.

[0022] At least part of the third area 11 can be an open space area 11a. An area in the third area 11 that is arranged along the walkway surface 13 is the open space area 11a in the Fig. 3 embodiment shown.

[0023] The cutting edge can have a first cutting edge 23, a second cutting edge 25, and a third cutting edge 27. The first cutting edge 23 is located at an intersection of the first web surface 15 and the third surface 11. The second cutting edge 25 is located at an intersection of the second web surface 17 and the third surface 11. The third cutting edge 27 is located at an intersection of the third web surface 19 and the third surface 11.

[0024] Chips produced by the cutting edges during a workpiece cutting operation tend to curve slightly as they extend in a spiral or helical shape. When the insert 1 has the configurations described above, the third web surface 19 can easily act as a guide for the chips when they come into contact with it. Thus, in the embodiment of the insert 1, the chips tend to be ejected in the feed direction of a cutting tool. In other words, the chips are less likely to flow onto a machined surface of the workpiece. The machined surface is therefore less susceptible to damage. Consequently, the insert 1 provides a good machined surface finish in the embodiment.

[0025] Specifically, for example, the chips produced by the first cutting edge 23 tend to be guided by the third web surface 19, as in Fig. Figure 7 illustrates this. Therefore, the chips are more likely to flow in an F2 direction, i.e., in the feed direction of the cutting tool, rather than in an F1 direction, which is directed towards the machined surface. Consequently, insert 1 has good chip evacuation performance, and the machined surface is less susceptible to damage from the chips.

[0026] In a Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, which represents a cross-section orthogonal to the first corner 3, the first web surface 15 is inclined relative to the first surface 7 and the third surface 11 and has a straight shape. The shape of the straight line need not be a strict straight line, but may include an unavoidable degree of microconcave or convexity in the manufacturing process (corresponding, for example, to approximately 1 / 10 or less of the width W1 of the first web surface 15 in the front view of the first surface 7).

[0027] The width W1 of the first web surface 15 in a direction orthogonal to the first corner 3 can be set to approximately 0.01–0.5 mm in the front view of the first surface 7, for example. The width W1 can be evaluated in a cross-section orthogonal to the first corner 3. Fig. Figure 8 shows, for example, the width W1. The width W1 is a distance between a straight line passing through the first corner 3 and parallel to the central axis P, and a straight line passing through the first cutting edge 23 and parallel to the central axis P in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 8 shown.

[0028] The width W1 of the first web surface 15 can be defined by a first end Q1 of the first corner 3 (a left end section in Fig. 4) to a second end Q2 (a right end section in Fig. 4) be kept approximately constant or changed from the first end to the second end.

[0029] For example, the width W1 can decrease from a central section of the first web surface 15 towards the first end Q1 and the second end Q2. Alternatively, the width W1 can increase from the central section of the first web surface 15 towards the first end Q1 and the second end Q2.

[0030] In a Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 9, which represents a cross-section orthogonal to the first side 5a, the second web surface 17 is inclined relative to the first surface 7 and the third surface 11 and has a rectilinear shape. Similar to the first web surface 15, the second web surface 17 does not need to be a straight line in the Fig. The cross-section shown in section 9 should be shown.

[0031] The width W2 of the second web surface 17, perpendicular to the first side 5a in a direction, can be specified as approximately 0.01–0.5 mm in the front view of the first surface 7. The width W2 can be evaluated in cross-section perpendicular to the first side 5a. Fig. Figure 9 shows, for example, the width W2. The width W2 is a distance between a straight line passing through the first side 5a and parallel to the central axis P, and a straight line passing through the second cutting edge 25 and parallel to the central axis P in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 9 shown.

[0032] The width W2 of the second web surface 17 can be kept approximately constant or determined by a section R1 that is closest to the first corner 3 (a left sloping lower end section in Fig. 4), to a section R2 that is furthest from the first corner 3 (a right oblique upper end section in Fig. 4) will be changed.

[0033] For example, the width W2 can be greatest or smallest at a part R1 of the second web surface 17 that is closest to the first corner 3. The width W2 can be greatest or smallest at a part R2 of the second web surface 17 that is furthest from the first corner 3.

[0034] The third pier surface 19 is relative to the first surface 7 and the third surface 11 in a Fig. The third web surface 19 is inclined in the embodiment shown in Figure 10. It has a concave shape, which in cross-section is recessed inwards by the insert 1 orthogonally to the first side 5a. The third web surface 19 can have a curved shape in cross-section orthogonally to the first side 5a, as in an embodiment shown in Figure 10. Fig. Figure 10 shows that if the third web surface 19 in the cross-section above has a concave curved shape, the chips tend to flow smoothly over the third web surface 19. Chip clogging is less likely, resulting in improved chip removal performance.

[0035] Fig. 11 is a cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P. The third web surface 19 has a concave shape, which extends inwards from the insert 1 in a Fig. The concave shape of the third web surface 19 can be a curved surface shape. For example, the third web surface 19 has a curved shape in cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P, as shown in the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment.

[0036] If the third web surface 19 has a curved shape in cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P, the third web surface 19 has improved durability. The third web surface 19 is therefore less prone to cracking. In particular, if the curved shape of the third web surface 19 is a circular arc, the third web surface has even further improved durability.

[0037] A maximum value of the width W3 of the third web surface 19 in the direction orthogonal to the first side 5a can, for example, be set to approximately 0.01–0.5 mm in the front view of the first surface 7. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the width W3 of the third web surface 19 decreases with increasing distance from the second web surface 17.

[0038] The width W3 can be evaluated orthogonally to the first side 5a in cross-section. Fig. Figure 10 shows, for example, the width W3. The width W3 is a distance between a straight line passing through the first side 5a and parallel to the central axis P, and a straight line passing through the third cutting edge 27 in cross-section and parallel to the central axis P, as shown in Fig. 10 shown.

[0039] In the front view of the first surface 7, the third web surface 19 can have a part where the width W3 in the direction orthogonal to the first side 5a on the third web surface 19 is greater than the width W2 in the direction orthogonal to the first side 5a on the second web surface 17.

[0040] In other words, in the front view of the first surface 7, the maximum value of the width W3 can be greater than a maximum value of the width W2. If the third web surface 19 is configured as described above, it is possible to guide the chips more effectively on the third web surface 19 and thereby achieve further stabilization of the chip flow direction.

[0041] The web surface 13 can further comprise a fourth web surface 21. The fourth web surface 21 is arranged between the first web surface 15 and the second web surface 17 and can have a concave shape that is recessed inwards into the insert 1. The fourth web surface 21 is located near a boundary between the first corner 3 and the first side 5a at an intersection of the first surface 7 and the web surface 13 in the Fig. 4 as shown in the illustrated embodiment.

[0042] The phrase “the fourth web surface 21 has a concave shape” in the present disclosure means that it is a shape that satisfies at least one of the following two conditions. The first condition is that an interface between the first surface 7 and the fourth web surface 21 has a concave shape in the front view of the first surface 7. The second condition is that the fourth web surface 21 has a concave shape in cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P.

[0043] If the web surface 13 has the fourth web surface 21, it is easier to obtain a better machined surface. Chips produced by the first cutting edge 23 tend to be guided by the fourth web surface 21, so that they are ejected in the feed direction of the cutting tool. Therefore, the chips are less likely to flow towards the machined surface of the workpiece, and the machined surface is less susceptible to damage.

[0044] An interface between the first surface 7 and the fourth web surface 21 has a concave shape, which is recessed inwards into the insert 1 in the front view of the first surface 7, as shown in Fig. 4 shown. The fourth web surface 21 has a concave shape, which in cross-section is recessed inwards into the insert 1 orthogonally to the central axis P, as shown in Fig. 11 shown.

[0045] The concave shape of the fourth web surface 21, which is recessed inwards into the insert 1, can be a curved surface shape. The fourth web surface 21 can have a curved shape in cross-section orthogonal to the central axis P of the hole 39, as shown in the Fig. 11. If the concave shape of the fourth web surface 21 is the curved surface shape, the fourth web surface 21 is less prone to cracking, resulting in improved durability of the fourth web surface 21.

[0046] Alternatively, the fourth web surface 21 can have a straight line in cross-section orthogonal to the interface of the first surface 7 and the web surface 13, as in one embodiment in Fig. 12 shown. Alternatively, the fourth web surface 21 can also have a curved shape, as in one embodiment shown in Fig. Figure 13 shows that if the fourth web surface 21 has a concave curved shape in cross-section, the chips tend to flow smoothly over the fourth web surface 21. This can reduce chip clogging and improve chip evacuation performance. The curved shape of the fourth web surface 21 can be a circular arc shape in the cross-section described above. Fig. 13 is a section view, which is the section view in Fig. 12 corresponds to the one in Fig. 1 shown use 1 in use 1 of one of the embodiments refers.

[0047] The width of the fourth web surface 21, in the direction orthogonal to the intersection of the third surface 11 and the second web surface 17, is assumed to be W4 in the front view of the first surface 7. The width W4 may have a section of it that is larger than the width W2.

[0048] In other words, in the front view of the first surface 7, the maximum width W4 can be greater than the maximum width W2. If the fourth web surface 21 is configured as described above, the chips can be guided more effectively on the fourth web surface 21. This makes it possible to eject the chips stably in the feed direction of the cutting tool. Consequently, the chips are less likely to flow to the machined surface of the workpiece, and the machined surface is less susceptible to damage, resulting in a good machined surface finish.

[0049] Fig. 12 is a cross-section orthogonal to the intersection of the first surface 7 and the web surface 13, i.e., the first side 5a. The width W4 can be evaluated in the cross-section orthogonal to the first side 5a. For example, shows Fig. 12 the width W4. The width W4 is a distance between a straight line passing through the first side 5a and parallel to the central axis P, and a straight line passing through the second cutting edge 25 and parallel to the central axis P.

[0050] The first surface 7 can further have a second side 5b extending from the first corner 3, as in Fig. Figure 3 shows that the web surface 13 can further comprise a fifth web surface 29 and a sixth web surface 31. The fifth web surface 29 is arranged along the second side 5b. The sixth web surface 31 is adjacent to the fifth web surface 29 and is located further away from the first web surface 15 than the fifth web surface 29. The sixth web surface 31 has a concave shape. In this case, the interface between the third surface 11 and both the fifth web surface 29 and the sixth web surface 31 is also part of the cutting edge.

[0051] The fifth web surface 29 has a similar configuration to the second web surface 17. The sixth web surface 31 has a similar configuration to the third web surface 19. The fifth web surface 29 is therefore capable of producing a similar effect to the second web surface 17. The sixth web surface 31 is therefore capable of producing a similar effect to the third web surface 19.

[0052] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the second web surface 17 and the third web surface 19 are line-symmetrical to the first web surface 29 and the sixth web surface 31 in the front view of the first surface 7, based on a bisector of the first corner 3. If the web surface 13 is configured as described above, the insert 1 can be used for both right- and left-handed cutting tools. The insert 1 in these embodiments offers excellent cost-effectiveness.

[0053] The web surface 13 can further have a seventh web surface 33 with a concave shape, which is arranged between the first web surface 15 and the fifth web surface 29. The seventh web surface 33 in the Fig. The embodiment shown in section 4 has a similar configuration to the fourth web surface 21.

[0054] In cases where the web surface 13 has the fifth web surface 29, the sixth web surface 31 and the seventh web surface 33, the fifth web surface 29, the sixth web surface 31 and the seventh web surface 33 must be line-symmetrical to the second web surface 17, the third web surface 19 and the fourth web surface 21 on the basis of the bisector of the first corner 3.

[0055] Examples of a material of insert 1 are hard metal, cermet, ceramic, PCD (polycrystalline diamond) and cBN (cubic boron nitride).

[0056] Examples of cemented carbide compositions include WC (tungsten carbide)-Co, WC-TiC (titanium carbide)-Co, and WC-TiC-TaC (tantalum carbide)-Co. Specifically, WC, TiC, and TaC are hard particles, and Co is a binder phase. Cermet is a sintered composite material obtained by combining metal with a ceramic component. Specific examples of cermet are compounds primarily composed of TiC or TiN (titanium nitride). The material of Insert 1 is not limited to these materials.

[0057] Insert 1 can consist of only one element made from the material described above. Alternatively, insert 1 can consist of a multitude of elements made from the material described above.

[0058] The insert 1 can be formed from a main body 35 and a cutting part 37, as shown in Fig. 1 is shown, and can be formed as a whole into a polygonal plate shape. The main body 35 has an approximately polygonal plate shape, and some of its corners have a cutout section. The cutting part 37 is designed so that it can be connected to the cutout section, for example, by using a solder material. The first corner 3 and the first side 5a are attached to the cutting part 37 in the Fig. The design is arranged as shown in Figure 1. To facilitate visual understanding, an area of ​​the cutting part 37 is indicated by diagonal lines. Fig. 1 hatched.

[0059] In cases where a material with relatively high hardness, such as PCD or cBN, is used as the material for the cutting element 37 and cemented carbide, cermet, ceramic, or similar material is used as the material for the main body 35, increased durability of the insert 1 under cutting loads is ensured, while at the same time making it possible to manufacture the insert 1 cost-effectively. The hardness of the main body 35 and the cutting element 37 can be assessed by measuring the Vickers hardness of their respective parts.

[0060] Although the insert 1 can consist only of the main body 35 and the cutting part 37, the insert 1 can also have a coating layer (not shown) that covers the surface of the main body 35 and the surface of the cutting part 37. The coating layer can cover all or part of the surface of the main body formed by the main body 35 and the cutting part 37.

[0061] Examples of materials used in the coating layer include aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) as well as titanium carbides, nitrides, oxides, carbonates, nitrogen oxides, carbonitrides, and carboxynitrides. The coating layer may consist of one or more of the materials mentioned above.

[0062] The coating layer can consist of a single layer or a structure of several superimposed layers. The material of the coating layer is not limited to these materials. The coating layer can be applied to the base material by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). <schneidwerkzeuge>

[0063] The cutting tool 101 in one of the embodiments is described below with reference to the drawings.

[0064] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 14, the cutting tool 101 in this embodiment has a holder 105 with a pocket 103 (insert pocket) on one side of a front end thereof and the insert 1, which is arranged in the pocket 103. The insert 1 is positioned such that at least a part of the cutting edge protrudes from the front end of the holder 105 in the cutting tool 101 in one of the embodiments.

[0065] The holder 105 has a long, narrow, rod-like shape. The single pocket 103 is located on one side of the front end of the holder 105. The pocket 103 is a section that allows the insertion of the insert 1 to be attached and opens into a front face of the holder 105. Alternatively, the pocket 103 can also open into a side face of the holder 105. This facilitates the attachment of the insert 1. In particular, the pocket 103 has a seating surface parallel to a lower surface of the holder 105 and a lateral support surface that is inclined relative to the seating surface.

[0066] Insert 1 is positioned in pocket 103. The underside of insert 1 can be placed in direct contact with pocket 103. Alternatively, a sheet can be placed between insert 1 and pocket 103.

[0067] The insert 1 is positioned so that the cutting edges protrude outwards from the holder 105. In one embodiment, the insert 1 is fastened to the holder 105 by a clamping element 107. Specifically, a head portion of the clamping element 107 is pressed against an inner wall of the hole in the insert 1 to clamp the insert 1 in the pocket 103.

[0068] For example, steel or cast iron can be used for the holder 105. Of these materials, steel can be used to improve the toughness of the holder 105.

[0069] The embodiments have shown and described the cutting tools for use in a so-called turning operation. Examples of turning operations include machining the inner diameter, machining the outer diameter, and grooving. The cutting tools are not limited to those used for turning operations. For example, the cutting inserts 1 in the embodiments above can be used as a cutting tool for use in a milling operation. <Verfahren zur Herstellung eines maschinell bearbeiteten Produkts>

[0070] The following describes a method for producing a machined or chip-removing product in embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0071] A machined product can be manufactured by performing a cutting operation on a workpiece 201. The method for manufacturing a machined product in the embodiments comprises the following steps: (1) Turning the workpiece 201, (2) to bring the cutting tool 101, as specified by the above embodiment, into contact with the rotating workpiece 201, and (3) Moving the cutting tool 101 away from the workpiece 201.

[0072] More precisely, the workpiece 201 is first rotated about an axis O1 and the cutting tool 101 is brought relatively close to the workpiece 201, as shown in Fig. Figure 15 shows that the workpiece 201 is then cut by bringing the cutting edge in the cutting tool 101 into contact with the workpiece 201, as shown in Fig. Figure 16 shows that the cutting tool 101 is then moved away from the workpiece 201, as shown in Figure 16. Fig. 17 shown.

[0073] In the above embodiment, the cutting tool 101 is brought close to the workpiece 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in the Y1 direction while the axis O1 is fixed and the workpiece 201 is rotated. Fig. In step 16, the workpiece 201 is cut by bringing the cutting edge in the insert 1 into contact with the rotating workpiece 201, followed by a movement in the X1 direction. Fig. 17 The cutting tool 101 is moved away by moving the cutting tool 101 in the Y2 direction in a state in which the workpiece 201 is rotated.

[0074] During the cutting process in the manufacturing method described above, the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the workpiece 201 or moved away from the workpiece 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in each of the steps mentioned above. However, it is not intended to be limited to this embodiment.

[0075] For example, in step (1), the workpiece 201 can be brought close to the cutting tool 101. Similarly, in step (3), the workpiece 201 can be moved away from the cutting tool 101. If the cutting process is to be continued, the step in which the cutting edge in insert 1 is brought into contact with different parts of the workpiece 201 can be repeated while the workpiece 201 continues to be rotated.

[0076] Representative examples of the material of workpiece 201 are carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals. Reference symbol list 1 cutting insert (insert) 3 first corner 5a first page 5b second page 7 first area 7a Chip surface area 9 second area 11 third area 11a Open space area 13 Bridge area 15 first jetty surface 17 second jetty surface 19 third jetty surface 21 fourth jetty surface 23 first cutting edge 25 second cutting edge 27 third cutting edge 29 fifth jetty area 31 sixth jetty surface 33 seventh jetty surface 35 Main body 37 Cutting part 39 holes 101 Cutting tool 103 bags 105 holders 107 Clamping element 201 workpiece F1 Direction of movement of the cutting tool F2 Chip flow direction P Central axis of the hole Q1 first end of the first corner Q2 second end W1 Width of the first web surface W2 Width of the second web surface W3 Width of the third web surface W4 Width of the fourth web surface< / schneidwerkzeuge>

Claims

[1] A cutting insert (1) comprising: a first surface (7) with a first corner (3) and a first side (5a) extending from the first corner (3), a second surface (9) arranged on a side opposite the first surface (7), a third surface (11) arranged between the first and second surfaces (7, 9), and a web surface (13) which is arranged between the first surface (7) and the third surface (11) and is inclined relative to the first surface (7) and the third surface (11), wherein the web surface (13) has: a first web surface (15) arranged along the first corner (3), a second web surface (17) which is arranged along the first side (5a) and which, when viewed in a cross-section orthogonal to the first side (5a), has a straight-line shape, and a third web surface (19) with a concave shape when viewed in a cross-section orthogonal to the first side (5a), which is adjacent to the second web surface (17) and is located further away from the first web surface (15) than the second web surface (17). [2] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 1, wherein the concave shape of the third web surface (19) is a curved surface shape. [3] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the web surface (13) further comprises a fourth web surface (21) having a concave shape, which is arranged between the first web surface (15) and the second web surface (17). [4] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 3, wherein the concave shape of the fourth web surface (21) is a curved surface shape. [5] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 4, wherein in a cross-section orthogonal to the first side (5a) the fourth web surface (21) has a curved shape. [6] The cutting insert (1) according to claim 5, wherein in cross-section the curved shape of the fourth web surface (21) is a circular arc shape orthogonal to the first side (5a). [7] The cutting insert (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in a front view of the first surface (7) the third web surface (19) has a part thereof in which a width in a direction orthogonal to the first side (5a) on the third web surface (19) is greater than a width in the direction orthogonal to the first side (5a) on the second web surface (17). [8] A cutting tool (101) comprising: a holder (105) with a pocket (103) arranged on one side of a front end of the holder (105), and the cutting insert (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting insert (1) is arranged in the pocket (103). [9] A method for producing a machine-made product, comprising: Turning a workpiece (201), bring the cutting tool (101) according to claim 8 into contact with the rotating workpiece (201), and move the cutting tool (101) away from the workpiece (201).

Images