shredding device

Abstract

Crushing device (1) designed for crushing feed material comprising: - a crushing roller (5) having crushing tools (3) on its outer surface (2) and rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4), - a counter-comb (7) having a counter-crushing tool (6) for interaction with the crushing tools (3) for crushing the feed material and - a sieving device (9) arranged below the crushing roller (5) and having a plurality of sieve openings (8) for sieving crushed feed material, wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the crushing roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11), wherein the sieve device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7) and wherein the sieve device (9) is supported on the machine frame (4), in particular on a further side wall (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), at least in the case of overload, in particular by striking it.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a comminution device intended for comminution of comminution material. The comminution device comprises a comminution roller having comminution tools on its outer surface. The comminution roller interacts with a counter-comb of the comminution device. The counter-comb comprises counter-comminution tools that interact with the comminution tools to comminution the feed material. A screening device is arranged below the comminution roller. The screening device has a plurality of screening openings. The screening device is intended for screening the comminuted feed material.

[0002] Comminution devices of the aforementioned type are known in the prior art. For example, it is known to mount the screen basket on the machine frame independently of the counter comb, with the counter comb also being rigidly mounted on the machine frame. In practice, however, this design regularly faces the problem that feed material becomes wedged in the area of ​​the counter comb, preventing the comminution roller from rotating. The comminution of the feed material is achieved by guiding the comminution tools through the gaps formed between the counter-comminution tools. However, if feed material becomes wedged in this gap or in a gap, the comminution roller in particular can no longer rotate and / or a high torque can act on the drive mechanism of the comminution roller. This ultimately leads to an overload situation or to load peaks.Such overloads can lead to damage to the shredding device, or at the very least to significant wear and tear on the shredding device and high fuel consumption. Unless an emergency shutdown of the machine or shredding device is provided, such an overload can also cause serious damage to the shredding device.

[0003] To solve the aforementioned problem, it is known in the prior art to provide a counter comb pivotably mounted on the machine frame. In this embodiment, screening elements can be arranged on the counter comb so that the screening elements can be pivoted with the counter comb. This embodiment is disclosed, for example, in publications DE 20 2015 003 527 U1 and DE 20 2018 000 803 U1.

[0004] A disadvantage of the embodiments of the comminution device disclosed in DE 20 2015 003 527 U1 and DE 20 2018 000 803 U1 is that the sieve gap or the sieve openings formed between sieve elements, the limiting grain size or the grain separation size, cannot be restricted, or can only be specified within certain ranges. However, certain applications require a defined limiting or separation grain size, which cannot be achieved with the known embodiments of the sieve elements.

[0005] Also, a certain feed material, especially elongated, thin feed material, cannot be crushed to the desired limit grain size using the known crushing process.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least to substantially reduce them.

[0007] The above-mentioned object is achieved by a comminution device according to claim 1. The subclaims form preferred embodiments of the comminution device according to the invention.

[0008] The comminution device according to the invention is intended for comminuting feed material. The comminution device comprises a comminution roller. The comminution roller has comminution tools on its outer surface. The comminution tools are arranged, in particular, at a distance from one another on the outer surface of the comminution roller. In particular, comminution tools are arranged circumferentially around the entire comminution roller. The comminution tools can be referred to, in particular, as knives or teeth and ultimately serve to comminute the feed material. According to the invention, the comminution device further comprises a counter-comb. The counter-comb is designed to interact with the comminution roller. For this purpose, the counter-comb comprises counter-cominution tools that interact with the comminution tools to comminute the feed material and can preferably be referred to as comb teeth.

[0009] The interaction between the counter-shredding tools and the shredding tools occurs in particular in such a way that the shredding tools are guided into the gaps formed between the counter-shredding tools. The shredding roller rotates, whereas the counter-comb can be pivoted, but its pivoting movement is not coupled to the rotational movement of the shredding roller. The shredding of the feed material can then be achieved by rotating the shredding roller relative to the counter-comb.

[0010] The comminution device further comprises a screening device arranged below the comminution roller and having a plurality of screening openings for screening the comminutioned feed material. The screening device can be designed, in particular, to ensure that insufficiently comminutioned feed material is returned to the comminution stage and can thus be lifted again by the comminution tools, which rotate with the comminution roller, and fed back into the comminution gap between the comminution tools and the counter-comminution tools for comminution.

[0011] According to the invention, the counter comb is pivotably mounted on the machine frame. A pivotable mounting on the machine frame is provided in particular to avoid high moments acting on the comminution device, especially when feed material becomes wedged between the counter-comminution tools and the comminution tools. Thus, a pivotable mounting can lead to a reduction in fuel consumption and less wear during use. A pivoting behavior of the counter comb adapted to the respective load situation can preferably be provided. An adjusting device can be provided for pivoting. In this context, the counter comb can be mounted and / or adjusted in the direction of the comminution roller by means of an adjusting device. The adjusting device can preferably be designed for pivoting mounting.The adjusting device ultimately allows the counter comb to be mounted on the machine frame in a spring-loaded and / or movable manner.

[0012] If a high load acts on the counter comb, particularly due to jamming of the feed material, the adjusting device can be configured to remove the counter comb from the shredding roller. As soon as this moment or force no longer acts on the counter comb, the adjusting device can be configured to allow the counter comb to be re-adjusted to the shredding roller.

[0013] The screening device is mounted on the counter comb. In addition, the screening device is supported on the machine frame, at least in the event of overload and / or peak loads; in particular, the screening device strikes the machine frame in the event of overload and / or peak loads. The terms “overload” and “peak loads” can be used synonymously. At least when particularly high process forces act on the screening device and / or the counter comb, the screening device is supported on the machine frame in addition to being mounted on the counter comb. In particular, the counter comb is mounted on a first side wall of the machine frame, in particular wherein the screening device is also mounted on the first side wall via the counter comb. The screening device, in turn, can be supported on another side wall of the machine frame, which is opposite the first side wall.

[0014] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, it is provided that the first and the further side wall are longitudinal sides of the machine frame, each of which has in particular a longitudinal extension in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller.

[0015] In this context, it is understood that the screening device can be mounted or supported directly or indirectly on the counter comb. The screening device can also be supported directly or indirectly on the machine frame, at least in the event of an overload. Particularly preferably, the screening device always rests against a wall, in particular another side wall, of the machine frame when in use, thus enabling, in particular, flat support.

[0016] Because the screening device is supported on the machine frame, the process forces acting on the counter comb due to the screening device can be reduced. In particular, a portion of the weight or process forces originating from the screening device can be transferred directly to the machine frame via the support. The adjustment device, which ultimately serves to support the counter comb and thus also to hold the screening device in a specific position, can thus be subjected to less stress, which is particularly advantageous in terms of the temperature in the adjustment device, but also in terms of energy consumption.

[0017] It is particularly preferred that the stop region of the screening device which abuts against the machine frame does not have any screening openings and in particular can form the non-screening section of the screening device.

[0018] Furthermore, the support, particularly on the other side wall, ensures that the screening device always provides a sufficiently large screening area for the shredding roller, even if the counter comb should shift during peak loads. By attaching the device to the other side wall opposite the first side wall, where the counter comb is mounted, it can also be ensured that the area of ​​the screening device provided below the shredding roller can be used for screening without unplanned large gaps.

[0019] Ultimately, the crushing forces can be transferred to the supporting structure of the machine frame or the supporting structure of the crushing chamber at the surface where the screening device contacts the machine frame. By shifting the support point or surface of the screening device on the other side wall, the movement of the comb is compensated for. Preferably, the screening device is neither firmly nor force-fittedly connected to the other side wall, but rather contacts it, although the support point or surface can be varied.

[0020] In addition, by using the large number of, in particular closed, sieve openings, the comminution quality can be improved with a defined separation grain, in particular by achieving a defined grain size depending on the hole geometry of the sieve openings.

[0021] By attaching the screening device to the other side wall, it can also be ensured that if the counter comb opens or swings out in an overload situation, the material bead or the shredded material can be fed back into the shredding process. This leads to energy savings and, at the same time, low-wear operation of the shredding device.

[0022] In particular, supporting "at least in the event of overload" is to be understood as meaning that the screening device can rest against the further side wall at least in the event of overload, preferably always during use of the comminution device (i.e. not only in the event of overload, but in the usage situation), in such a way that the weight of the screening device can be introduced into the further side wall and / or the further side wall absorbs the weight of the screening device by the seating of the screening device.

[0023] In addition, the large number of sieve openings can be used to specify a defined grain size of the separating grain separated by the sieve element, in particular depending on the geometry of the openings.

[0024] The sieve openings of the sieve device can in particular be designed the same or differently.

[0025] The pivoting arrangement of the counter comb on the machine frame allows for reduced load peaks and, in particular, prevents overloads that could lead to damage to the shredding device. Wear on the counter comb can thus be reduced. Furthermore, the pivoting arrangement of the counter comb allows for a reduction in the energy consumption of the entire shredding device compared to prior art shredding devices.

[0026] In particular, the counter comb comprises a pivoting section mounted on the machine frame for pivoting about a pivot axis, and a comb bar connected to the pivoting section and projecting from the pivoting section, which comprises the counter-shredding tools. Preferably, the adjusting device engages or is arranged on the rear side of the pivoting section facing away from the shredding roller.

[0027] It is particularly preferred that the counter-crushing tools are spaced apart in such a way that a crushing tool for crushing the feed material can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-crushing tools.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present inventive concept, the screening device is connected to the counter comb via a locking device. In particular, the locking device is connected to the counter comb in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. The screening device can in turn be connected to the locking device, also particularly preferably in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. The locking device enables the arrangement of the screening device on the counter comb, which can be removed, in particular - for example, for maintenance purposes. The arrangement on the counter comb can ensure that, if the screening device is subjected to high process forces as required, these forces can be introduced both into the counter comb or into the adjusting device adjusting the counter comb, but also directly into the machine frame due to the support on the machine frame.

[0029] The screening device preferably has a preferably continuous screening element. In particular, the screening element is formed in one piece. The screening element has the screening openings of the screening device. The screening openings are in particular designed to be closed, so that the screening element can have a plurality of circumferentially closed screening openings. In particular, the screening element is curved. The curved design of the screening element can in particular be adapted to the outer envelope curve of the comminution roller. Accordingly, the screening element can at least partially surround and / or encompass the comminution roller.

[0030] In particular, at least one sieve opening, as explained above, is designed to be closed, in particular wherein all sieve openings can be designed to be closed.

[0031] A closed sieve opening, particularly in the context of the present invention, is understood to mean a sieve opening that has a circumferential and / or closed edge that defines the opening, preferably made of the material of the sieve element. The closed sieve opening can also preferably be referred to as a completely enclosed sieve opening.

[0032] The sieve opening can be rectangular, but in other embodiments it can also be honeycomb, hexagonal, strip-shaped, and / or elliptical. A rectangular or honeycomb shape is particularly advantageous because it prevents the material to be screened from becoming caught or wedged in the openings. Furthermore, the desired cut-off size or limit size can be determined by selecting the appropriate sieve opening, so that the screened material exhibits a desired grain size distribution.

[0033] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screening device is suspended from the locking device via an axle. The axle is particularly designed as a one-piece component and can extend in the longitudinal direction of the comminution roller or in the direction of the rotational axis of the comminution roller in the installed state—and thus also in the longitudinal direction of the screening device. The screening element, in turn, can be connected directly or indirectly to the axle.

[0034] Particularly preferably, the screening element is indirectly connected to the axle via support elements, which will be discussed in more detail below. The attachment via the axle with the locking device makes it possible to ensure a certain degree of mobility of the screening device, if required, through the suspended arrangement, particularly in the event of an evasive movement of the counter comb. In particular, a certain degree of mobility of the screening device relative to the counter comb can be ensured, whereby at the same time the screening device can be firmly connected to the counter comb. This makes it possible to ensure a certain degree of evasive behavior of the screening device, particularly in the event of peak loads acting on the screening device. This leads to a wear-saving design of the screening device and, in particular, enables long-term use of the entire comminution device.Relative mobility of the screening device to the counter comb is also advantageous because the screening device is already supported on the machine frame, in particular on the longitudinal side opposite the locking device. Thus, the screening device is connected, in particular, with its first longitudinal device to the counter comb via the locking device and, in particular, with its further longitudinal side opposite the first longitudinal side, preferably at several support points and / or surfaces, to the machine frame, in particular by the screening device striking the machine frame at a plurality of support points and / or surfaces. The support points and / or the support surface or the stop area can then also be varied during movement of the screening device, whereby a relative movement of the screening comb to the counter comb is also advantageous.

[0035] The locking device preferably has a plurality of hook sections for engaging behind and supporting the axle. The hook sections can each have a storage opening accessible from the outside for the axle. Accordingly, the hook sections can each have an area for arranging the axle, so that the axle can in particular rest on the hook sections. Preferably, the axle can also be lifted out of the hook sections from above, facing away from the ground, when connected to the locking device, possibly after releasing corresponding fixing means. Therefore, the outwardly accessible storage openings enable a simple detachable arrangement of the screening device on the counter comb, wherein at the same time, in particular, relative mobility between the screening device and counter comb can also be ensured.

[0036] Particularly preferably, the hook sections are firmly connected to a connecting plate. The hook sections can be formed integrally with the connecting plate and / or connected to the connecting plate in a form-fitting, material-fitting, and / or force-fitting manner.

[0037] The connecting plate can extend over at least 50%, more preferably between 60% and 100%, more preferably over at least 70%, of the length of the sieve element, which runs in particular in the direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller. Thus, support of the sieve element or the sieve device can be ensured, in particular, at least substantially over the length of the sieve device required for secure support of the sieve device.

[0038] In particular, the locking device, preferably the connecting plate, can be non-positively and / or positively connected, in particular screwed, to the underside of the pivoting section facing the substrate and / or the underside facing the screening device via a plurality of connecting means. A connecting means can in particular comprise a screw, a nut and / or a counter nut. The connecting means in particular enable a detachable arrangement of the locking device. The arrangement on the underside of the pivoting section ensures that the fastening of the screening device does not engage in the area of ​​the counter-crushing tools, but is arranged below the comb bar. Furthermore, the arrangement on the underside of the pivoting section ensures that in particular an arrangement can take place not directly on the comb bar, but rather on the pivoting section on which the adjusting device engages.This also leads to a particularly wear-resistant design of the entire shredding device.

[0039] Particularly preferably, the sieve element is connected to at least one support element and / or supported on the support element. The support element can in particular be arranged below the sieve element. The support element is further arranged on the underside of the sieve element facing away from the comminution roller and in particular is connected to the sieve element and / or the sieve element rests on the support element. In particular, a plurality of spaced-apart support elements can be provided for supporting and / or mounting the sieve element. The support element can extend at least substantially across the width of the sieve element in some regions. The width of the sieve element results in particular at least substantially transversely to the axis of rotation of the comminution roller. In particular, the support element can extend over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of the width of the sieve element.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sieve element extends in particular at least substantially over the entire width of the support element and preferably borders directly on the underside of the sieve element.

[0040] In further embodiments, additional elements can also be arranged between the support element and the sieve element if required. However, it is particularly preferred that the respective support element directly supports the sieve element. The support element can therefore preferably be curved at least in some areas, in particular adapted to the shape of the sieve element.

[0041] Furthermore, the support element can be connected to the sieve element in a materially bonded manner, in particular by welding.

[0042] As an alternative to welding the support element to the sieve element, it can be provided that the sieve element is replaceably connected to the support element(s). In this embodiment, the sieve element can be connected to at least one support element, preferably to the two outer support elements, via sieve element connecting means, in particular by a force-fitting and / or form-fitting connection. The sieve element can, in particular, only be placed on and / or supported on the other support elements.

[0043] Furthermore, the support element can connect the screen element to the axle. The support element can thus ensure the indirect support of the screen element on the locking device and thus on the counter comb.

[0044] The support element can therefore ensure flat support of the sieve element. Furthermore, the multiple support elements also ensure that the sieve surface of the sieve element is at least substantially unaffected, particularly since the support element can be connected to the sieve element in the areas between the sieve openings. Multiple support elements can therefore continue to ensure screening of the material that is discharged via the underside of the sieve element, while at the same time the sieve element can also be supported via the axis on the counter comb. The direct contact of the support element with the sieve element also ensures that uniform support can be ensured at least substantially across the width of the sieve element.

[0045] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, a stop means is provided for striking and / or supporting the machine frame. In particular, the screening device has at least one, preferably one-piece, stop means for striking and / or supporting the machine frame. The stop means can in particular ensure at least substantially planar support of the screening element on the machine frame. In particular, the stop means strikes the further side edge of the machine frame opposite the first side wall. In particular, the stop means rests with its underside facing the substrate at least substantially over its entire surface against the further side wall. Accordingly, the stop means can be designed, at least with its underside, in particular, to correspond to the contact surface of the further side wall.

[0046] In a further preferred embodiment, which is provided in particular with a replaceable sieve element, at least one stop means is guided through a recess in the sieve element.

[0047] Furthermore, it is understood that, if necessary, a movement between the attachment means and the further side wall is also permitted, in particular during a movement of the counter comb, so that in particular the support surface and / or the support point of the attachment means on the further side wall can be changed or moved as required, in particular during load peaks.

[0048] In particular, a plurality, preferably between 2 and 10, in particular between 3 and 6, spaced-apart stop means are provided, which in particular each abut against the further side wall of the machine frame at least in some regions, preferably over its entire surface, with their respective underside. The stop means can in particular be curved at least in some regions, in particular following the curved surface of the further side wall or corresponding to it. In particular, the stop means is designed in the shape of an arc section, a bow-shaped, and / or plate-shaped and / or, as already explained above, corresponding to the contact surface of the further side wall against which the stop means abuts and / or is supported.Accordingly, the introduction of the process forces acting on the screening device can be ensured in particular via a surface of the attachment means in the machine frame, whereby efficient support can be achieved.

[0049] The stop means can lie flat against the further side wall and / or over an arc angle and / or a circumferential area of ​​at least 5° to 80°, preferably between 10° to 60°, against the further side wall of the machine frame, whereby in particular an efficient support can be ensured.

[0050] Particularly preferably, at least one further support element of the screening device is provided for connecting the axle to the screening element. The further support element can, in particular, be arranged adjacent to the support element on the screening element and, in particular, be firmly connected to the screening element. In particular, an alternating arrangement between the further support element and the support element is provided so that efficient support can be ensured.

[0051] Unlike the support element, the additional support element cannot extend over a large part of the width of the sieve element, but is arranged on a significantly smaller area of ​​the sieve element to support the sieve element. In particular, the additional support element is arranged only on the upper longitudinal edge of the sieve element facing away from the attachment means, or engages and / or rests against the upper longitudinal edge. In particular, the additional support element is firmly connected to the longitudinal edge facing away from the attachment means.

[0052] The additional support element can also connect the sieve element to the axis. Thus, the additional support element can also ensure support of the sieve element on the axis, in particular wherein the additional support element does not have to extend over a large part of the width of the sieve element and thus does not have to be arranged below the sieve surface. Impairment of the sieving process can thus be prevented. However, the additional support element can at least ensure at least essentially point-based support, so that in particular displacement and / or bending of the longitudinal edge facing away from the stop means during use of the sieve element can be at least essentially reliably prevented.

[0053] This allows the additional support element to support the screen element and hence the screen surface at the front longitudinal edge, since high forces are ultimately present in the process and thus deformation of this longitudinal edge due to the process forces can be essentially avoided.

[0054] Preferably, the axle is guided through axle openings in the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). In particular, the axle is guided through axle openings in the plurality of support elements and through axle openings in the likewise plurality of further support elements. The respective axle opening can in particular be designed to correspond to the outer shape of the axle, so that the axle can be arranged in the axle openings of the support elements and the further support elements at least essentially free of play. The axle can thus be positively connected to the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). The aforementioned connection ensures that the support elements can be securely supported.

[0055] The axle can also be connected to the support elements and / or the additional support elements in a material-to-material and / or force-locking manner, if required, but this is not required. In particular, the axle is inserted through the axle openings of the support elements and the additional support elements.

[0056] Furthermore, the axle can protrude relative to the outer support element and / or the outer additional support element. The outer support element or the outer additional support element is, in particular, a support element that is directly adjacent to only one support element or only one additional support element. Protruding the axle relative to these outer support elements can ensure that the axle can be placed on mounting means, which will be discussed further below, if necessary after releasing the locking device.

[0057] Particularly preferably, the locking device comprises at least one fixing means. The fixing means is provided, in particular, for at least indirectly fixing, securing, and / or positionally fixing the axle. In this context, it can be provided that the fixing means directly engages the axle and / or interacts directly with it. Alternatively, it can be provided that the fixing means interacts with other components connected to the axle, such as, in particular, the support element and / or the further support element.

[0058] The locking device thus ensures, via the fixing means, that even if the axle accidentally becomes detached from the bearing openings of the hook sections, a separation between the locking device and the screening device can be prevented, in particular by a positive connection between the fixing means and another support element and / or a positive connection between the fixing means and the axle being able to "stop" this movement. Thus, the relative movement between the counter comb and the screening device is limited via the fixing means. The fixing means ultimately enables the axle to be locked in the hook sections.

[0059] Below, an embodiment is first described in which the fixing means interacts with the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). Subsequently, a further embodiment is described in which the fixing means interacts directly with the axle.

[0060] In particular, the fixing means can interact in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner with at least one support element and / or at least one further support element. Interaction between the fixing means and the support element or further support element can also ensure that unwanted migration of the spindle from the hook sections can be prevented. Finally, the screening device can be connected to the counter comb via the spindle arranged in the hook sections.

[0061] Furthermore, the fixing means can also have a sliding section protruding from a fixing plate for sliding the fixing plate. The sliding section can be designed, in particular, as a bolt and / or threaded pin or threaded pin section and can preferably be connected to the connecting plate.

[0062] Furthermore, the fixing means can be connected to the connecting plate in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. Ultimately, the fixing means also interacts with the connecting plate, since the fixing means ensures a connection between the screening device and the connecting plate. Preferably, at least one support element and / or at least one further support element has a recess for engagement of the fixing means, in particular for engagement of the fixing plate. In particular, all further support elements can have such a recess. If both further support elements and supporting elements are provided, all supporting elements and all further supporting elements can have the recess, or only some supporting elements and / or only some further supporting elements, provided that the other supporting elements do not counteract the locking.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, only the further support elements have a recess.

[0064] A projection can protrude from the connecting plate to fasten the fixing means. In particular, one projection is provided for each fixing means. The projection can connect the fixing means to the projection in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, in particular via a bolt connection. The projection also enables the fixing means to be moved when required in the fastened state. As explained above, the fixing means particularly preferably has a fixing plate and a sliding section, in particular a threaded rod, protruding from the fixing plate. The threaded rod or the sliding section can then be guided through the projection and thus ensure a locking connection between the connecting plate and the support elements and / or the further support elements. This locking connection can also be released again by moving the sliding section relative to the projection.Preferably, the fixing means can be connected to the projection in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, in particular via a bolt connection. The bolt connection can, in particular, comprise the aforementioned threaded rod. The threaded rod can also interact with a thread in the projection, if necessary.

[0065] An embodiment of the fixing means is described below in which the fixing means interacts directly with the axis.

[0066] In this embodiment, it is preferably provided that the fixing means directly secures the axle. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the fixing means surrounds and / or encloses the axle at least in some areas for securing and / or positional fixation. In particular, the fixing means can be arranged such that the axle arranged in the storage opening of the hook sections is completely enclosed in the region of the hook section, namely partially by the hook section and partially by the fixing means.

[0067] Preferably, the fixing means can be releasably connected to a hook section in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, preferably via a bolt connection. At least one fixing means need not be provided for each hook section, but it can be provided. In particular, a plurality of fixing means can interact with a plurality of hook sections.

[0068] In particular, in this embodiment, a rotation of the axis can be enabled even in the secured state, which can be used in particular for a relative pivoting of the screening device to the counter comb, preferably when opening a flap, which will be discussed below.

[0069] In another particularly preferred embodiment, at least one guide rail for guiding the fixing means, in particular for guiding the fixing plate, is provided on the underside of the connecting plate facing the screening device. The guide rail can, in particular, have two webs arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. The guide rail thus ensures that the fixing means can engage in the recess of the support element and / or the further support element, since the sliding movement of the fixing means can, in particular, be predetermined when locking is desired.

[0070] In a further preferred embodiment, the stop means and a respective support element are formed integrally as a common component. Accordingly, the support element can extend, in particular, from the longitudinal side facing away from the stop means to the stop means and thus also connect the stop means to the longitudinal side facing away from the stop means for force transfer and force introduction. This enables optimized force introduction of the process forces acting on the screening device via the stop means into the machine frame.

[0071] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, the screening device has an extension element adjoining the screening element. In particular, the extension element is free of screening openings and / or is designed as a continuous, closed plate and / or is at least substantially flat. The extension element can therefore in particular adjoin the screening element. The extension element is preferably arranged on the long side opposite the axis. Furthermore, the extension element can also serve to arrange or fasten the stop means, which can in particular protrude relative to the extension element. The extension element can preferably also protrude as far as the further side wall of the machine frame and in particular border on and / or abut against this further side wall.

[0072] The extension element can in particular avoid an interfering edge in the material flow, so that the extension element can be used in particular to transfer the material from the screen surface to the side wall or in the opposite direction during a reversing process.

[0073] In particular, the attachment means is firmly connected to the extension element, preferably by force and / or form-fitting. Thus, the attachment means can protrude from the extension element, while simultaneously, if necessary, force can be introduced into the machine frame via the extension element, since the extension element preferably also extends to the further side wall of the machine frame and, in particular, abuts against it.

[0074] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, at least one spacer of the screening device is provided to ensure a distance between the screening element and the comminution roller.

[0075] In particular, two spaced-apart spacers are provided, which are in particular at least substantially plate-shaped and can preferably be adapted to the outer surface of the comminution roller. The spacers can in particular at least substantially directly adjoin the outer surface of the comminution roller, in particular enclose a clear distance from it in the non-loaded state of less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, more preferably less than 0.5 cm. In particular, the minimum distance in the non-loaded state of the comminution device between the comminution tools and the sieve element is less than 5 cm, preferably less than 2 cm, whereby in particular the spacers enclose a clear distance from the outer surface of the comminution roller of less than 2 cm in the non-use state.The spacers ensure that the forces acting on the screening device during the comminution process, which could potentially lift the screening device from its working position, cannot cause the screening element to come into contact with the comminution tools. Otherwise, there would be a risk of damage. This can be prevented by the spacers.

[0076] The spacers can in particular be arranged at least substantially on the sieve element and in particular extend over at least 10%, preferably between 10% and 60%, of the width of the sieve element.

[0077] In a further embodiment, however, the spacer can, if required, also be arranged on the extension element and / or on the stop means and, at this point, also ensure a distance between the screening element and the comminution roller or the comminution tools of the comminution roller. If required, separate spacers that must be provided and / or formed can be omitted, which in particular ensures a continuous screening surface of the screening element. The material is then not held back by the spacers when the comminution roller rotates, which in particular allows for higher throughput and also energy savings. In this case, the spacing function must then be taken over by another element, as explained above, for which the stop elements can serve, for example.For example, the stop means can be designed at one end in such a way that when the screening device is lifted in the direction of the shredding roller, these elements first hit the outer surface of the shredding roller and thus prevent the shredding tools from coming into contact with the screening element.

[0078] Alternatively or additionally, the stability element or another element of the screening device can be provided in conjunction with the counter comb to hold the screening device back. Additional stop surfaces at other locations, such as the end walls, are also conceivable. Ultimately, this also ensures sufficient distance between the screening device and the shredding roller.

[0079] In a further preferred embodiment, the function of the spacer can also be taken over by other components of the comminution device, which will be discussed below.

[0080] In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that at least one stability element connecting the support elements and / or the further support elements is provided adjacent to the axis. The stability element can in particular also be designed as an axis. However, the stability element particularly preferably does not protrude beyond the outer support elements or outer further support elements. Like the axis, the stability element can also be guided through axis openings for the stability element of the support elements and / or the further support elements, in particular wherein the stability element is arranged in these axis openings at least substantially free of play. If required, the stability element can additionally be connected to the support elements and / or the further support elements in a force-fitting, form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.In particular, the stability element is not directly connected to the counter comb and preferably provides further stabilization of the screening device. The stability element, in particular, does not serve to interact with the locking device, but rather provides a sufficiently stable screening device and further enables the support elements and the additional support elements to be connected to one another not via the axis, but via another means, namely the stability element. Accordingly, the support element can also be designed as a thick-walled tube. If necessary, the support element also allows the screening device to be lifted via the support element for maintenance and / or repair purposes.

[0081] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, the machine frame has a pivotable flap, wherein the counter-comb and the screening device are at least partially mounted on the flap and / or, in particular, wherein the flap is arranged on the first side wall and / or forms the first side wall. The flap can be actuated, in particular, via comb flap cylinders.

[0082] Two embodiments for operating the flap are described below, each of which also allows movement of the screening device when the flap is operated.

[0083] First, an embodiment is described below in which the screening device is placed on at least one installation means: Particularly preferably, an installation means is provided for opening and closing the flap for the screening device. The installation means can in particular be connected to the machine frame, preferably in the region of the end walls and / or on the first side wall. The installation means can, if required, be provided for receiving and arranging the screening device, in particular when opening or closing the flap. In particular, two installation means are provided, preferably corresponding to the end faces of the counter comb. The installation means can in particular be provided for arranging and / or supporting an installation pin or for arranging and / or supporting the section of the axle protruding relative to the outer support element and / or the further support element. For this purpose, the installation means can have a recess for arranging this section of the axle or for arranging an installation pin.

[0084] Accordingly, to open the flap, the locking device can first be released from the counter comb and / or the screening device can be released from the counter comb. The screening device can then be placed on the mounting means. The flap can then be pivoted out, and then, if necessary, the screening device can be lifted out of the shredding chamber. For assembly, it can also be provided that the screening device is first placed on the mounting means, then the flap is pivoted closed, and then the screening device is connected to the counter comb via the locking device.

[0085] For the purpose of opening or closing the flap, the installation means can be displaced, namely pushed forward or out. For this purpose, the installation means can be connected to the machine frame by connecting means, wherein the connecting means can be guided, in particular, through an elongated hole in the installation means, so that, for the purposes of using the shredding device, the installation means can be pushed back into a working position for the shredding roller and, in particular, is no longer arranged in a disruptive manner in the shredding chamber. Accordingly, the installation means can serve, in particular, as a storage space for the screening device.

[0086] In particular, the inserting means can be provided independently of the flap and / or the counter comb. The inserting means can be connected to the machine frame, in particular, attached to it. To crush the material, the inserting means is retracted in advance, in particular to prevent the screening device from colliding with the inserting means when the inserting means is extended.

[0087] For example, if the screening device rests on the mounting means or at least one mounting means and on the other side on the side wall, the flap can be closed. The screening device can then be received in the hook sections by moving the counter-comb with its axis and secured by the locking mechanism or the locking device described above.

[0088] A further embodiment is described below in which the screening device together with the counter comb can be pulled out of the comminution chamber when the flap is opened or can be introduced into the comminution chamber when the flap is closed.

[0089] In this embodiment, it is preferably provided that the locking device, in particular, does not have to be released from the counter-comb to open the flap. Preferably, the fixing means also does not have to be released. In this embodiment, the fixing means is particularly preferably designed according to the previously described second embodiment, in which the fixing means can directly secure the axis. In this embodiment, the enabled rotation of the axis also enables a possible pivoting or pivoting movement of the screening device relative to the counter-comb when opening the flap.

[0090] Preferably, it can be provided that the screening device is connected to the counter comb and supported on the machine frame in such a way that the screening device can be actuated and / or moved together with the counter comb when the flap is opened. Accordingly, the screening device, in particular, can be moved via the comb flap mechanism for installation and removal. During installation, it can be provided that the screening device can be placed on the open flap and connected to the counter comb using external lifting gear, for example a wheel loader or a crane. The flap can then be closed and the screening device moved into its working position by actuating the comb flap cylinder. Closing the flap can lock the screening device in its working position; in this way, the previously described locking device and / or the previously described fixing means can be omitted.When the flap is opened, the screening device can be pulled out of its working position, in particular without the screening device having to be detached from the counter comb beforehand. The advantage of this is that the user no longer has to loosen the connection between the counter comb and the screening device in the shredding chamber before opening the flap in order to remove the screening device (e.g. for repair or maintenance). This enables ergonomic working. In addition, the existing work actuators of the shredding device can be used for installing and removing the screening device. Furthermore, with this embodiment it is not necessary to move the screening device up or up the further side wall using external lifting equipment, in particular a crane or wheel loader, underneath the shredding roller. In this embodiment, this movement can be initiated and / or carried out by the flap.

[0091] In this context, it is particularly preferred that at least one support rail is provided on the machine frame, in particular on an end wall of the machine frame, along which the screening device can be guided and / or supported when the flap is opened and / or closed. In particular, two support rails can also be provided on both end walls of the machine frame. The support rail preferably has an upper limiting web facing the comminution roller and a lower limiting web opposite the upper limiting web. The upper limiting web can have at least one run-on slope for striking and guiding the screening device, in particular in each of the end regions.

[0092] The screening device can be guided along the support rail when the flap is opened or closed. Before the flap is opened, it is no longer necessary to remove the fixing means, whereby the fixing means interacts with the axis in such a way that pivoting of the screening device relative to the counter comb is possible when the flap is actuated. The support rail can initiate this pivoting by causing the screening device to pivot through the predetermined positioning of the screening device while maintaining the connection to the counter comb.

[0093] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the screening device is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs by a support means, in particular protruding from the front side of the screening element. The support means is intended in particular to interact with the support rail and consequently also for pivoting the screening device.

[0094] The support means may in particular protrude from the sieve element and / or the sieve element may have a recess in the region of the support means and / or be set back from the support means.

[0095] Preferably, the support means can be placed on the lower limiting web and / or supported on it when the flap is opened and / or closed.

[0096] Furthermore, the upper limiting bar can also be designed as a spacer. The spacer function can be achieved by the support means being accommodated in the support rail even when the shredding device is in use. Upon attempting an evasive movement of the screening device toward the shredding roller, the support means strikes the upper limiting bar after overcoming a small distance. In this way, the required distance between the shredding tools and the screening element can be maintained even when the device is in use. Separate spacers directly connected to the screening element can be avoided in this way.

[0097] The spacer function, which can be assumed by the upper limiting bar as needed, is particularly effective during use, i.e., during the comminution of the material by the comminution device. Thus, the spacer function of the upper limiting bar is particularly effective during comminution.

[0098] Particularly preferably, the lower limiting web of the support rail is only required for the installation and removal of the screening device. During use or during comminution, the screening device rests on and / or against the further side wall, or is supported and / or abuts it, whereby the forces acting on the screening device can be transmitted into the further side wall. Therefore, it is particularly preferred that the lower limiting web does not absorb the process forces during comminution, but is designed in particular only for the weight of the screening device and ultimately serves preferably to simplify the installation and removal of the screening device.

[0099] The support means is preferably designed as a means connecting the stop means to one another, in particular in the form of an axle. For this purpose, the support means can be guided, in particular, through openings in the stop means and / or connected to the stop means in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, in particular wherein the support means is arranged in the stop means without play. Particularly preferably, the support means protrudes on both sides from the outer stop means and / or the sieve element and cooperates, in particular, with a respective support rail.

[0100] In this embodiment, a further advantage of the support means, particularly in the case of a sieve element arranged replaceably on the support elements, is that the sieve element can be additionally held in place by the support means. The support means can, in particular, connect the support elements not connected to the sieve element with the support elements connected to the sieve element via sieve element connecting means. In particular, in this embodiment, the stop means are guided through recesses in the sieve element, which contributes to the further stability of the sieve element, which is particularly replaceable.

[0101] In further embodiments, it can be provided that additional screen extension elements are arranged below the screen surface of the screen element. These screen extension elements can be designed, in particular, as webs and particularly preferably have an L-shaped cross-section. The screen extension elements ultimately expand the screen surface in depth, so that, in particular, elongated and excessively long material can then be held by these screen extension elements and subsequently fed for further comminution.

[0102] The counter comb can be set at different angles to the shredding roller, so that ideally the counter comb only pivots in the event of overload or during particularly high load peaks. This ensures the desired distance of 1 cm between the screening device and the shredding roller. The screening device is thus continuously cleaned by the shredding tools, which can improve throughput.

[0103] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the present inventive concept, it is particularly preferably provided that a guide device for removing comminuted feed material and in particular for discharging comminuted feed material onto the screen element is provided on the counter comb below the counter-comminution tools, facing the screen element.

[0104] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, it is provided that the guide device runs essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller and / or in the longitudinal direction of the counter comb and in particular extends at least essentially over the entire length of the comminution roller and / or the counter comb.

[0105] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, it is provided that the guide device has at least one stop wall arranged between two adjacent counter-comminution tools, in particular wherein the stop wall is arranged directly below the counter-comminution tools and / or in particular wherein a stop wall is provided between each two adjacent counter-comminution tools and / or in particular wherein the length of the stop wall is less than the length of at least one immediately adjacent counter-comminution tool.

[0106] The guide device has been designed in particular to improve the material transfer to the screening element and, in particular, to ensure that it can take place without disruption. At the same time, it can also be ensured that the comminution process at the counter-comminution tools, which can be designed, in particular, as comb teeth, and the material throughput of the comminution device are not impaired.

[0107] It is preferably provided that the stop wall has a first section arranged on the counter comb and a second section adjoining the first section, wherein an angle α between 100° and 170°, preferably between 110° and 165°, more preferably between 135° and 150°, is included between the first and the second section.

[0108] It is particularly preferably provided that the guide device has a third section which adjoins the second section of the stop wall, in particular is connected, and which encloses an angle γ of between 70° and 110°, preferably between 85° and 95°, with at least one second section, in particular with all second sections.

[0109] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the present inventive concept, it is particularly preferred that the counter-shredding tools are mounted on the counter-comb via bearing bodies, in particular with the guide device arranged between the bearing bodies. The bearing bodies can also be referred to as lower bodies for the counter-shredding tools.

[0110] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, it is provided that the actuating device has at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0111] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a comminution device intended for comminution of feed material. The comminution device comprises, in particular, a comminution roller having comminution tools on its outer surface and rotatably mounted on a machine frame. Furthermore, the comminution device comprises a counter-comb having counter-comminution tools for interacting with the comminution tools to comminution the feed material.

[0112] Furthermore, a screening device is provided, which is arranged below the comminution roller and is intended for screening the crushed feed material. The screening device has a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element with a plurality of, in particular closed, screening openings. The counter-comb is pivotally mounted on the machine frame, in particular on a first side wall of the machine frame, and can be adjusted in the direction of the comminution roller by means of an adjustment device. The screening device is mounted on the counter-comb.

[0113] Furthermore, according to the invention, the screening device is connected to the counter comb via a locking device in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner. The screening device is suspended from the locking device via an axle, in particular, wherein the locking device is provided with a plurality of hook sections for supporting the axle. The hook sections can, in particular, each have a mounting opening accessible from the outside for the axle.

[0114] It is understood that, in connection with the advantages of the aforementioned comminution device, reference may be made to the above-mentioned explanations, which can equally apply to this embodiment of the comminution device without the need for further explicit explanation. This particularly concerns the design of the screening device and / or the locking device, which can be transferred to the present embodiment of the comminution device.

[0115] In this equally advantageous embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, it is only optionally provided that the screening device, in addition to being mounted on the counter comb, is supported directly or indirectly on the machine frame and / or abuts against it. The locking device, which enables the suspension according to the invention on the axis of the screening device, ensures a special fastening of the screening device, which exhibits particularly advantageous effects even without support on the machine frame, as described above. Consequently, this embodiment of the comminution device is also claimed independently.

[0116] Of course, in this embodiment, if required, in a particularly preferred embodiment, it can also be provided that the screening device, in particular with at least one stop means, is supported on the machine frame, in particular on the further side wall, and / or abuts against it.

[0117] Essential to the invention in this embodiment of the comminution device is the locking device, which ensures a positive and / or non-positive connection of the screening device to the counter comb.

[0118] The locking device is particularly advantageous because it allows for a simple, yet detachable arrangement of the screening device on the counter comb. Another advantage is that suspending the screening device via the axle on the locking device also allows for a certain degree of relative mobility or play between the counter comb and the screening device, even though the screening device is connected to the counter comb via the axle. This allows for optimal balancing of process forces.

[0119] Furthermore, it is expressly pointed out that all the intervals mentioned above and below include all intermediate intervals and individual values ​​contained therein and that these intermediate intervals and individual values ​​are to be regarded as essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals or individual values ​​are not specifically specified in detail.

[0120] Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing and the drawing itself. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their reference back to them.

[0121] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 1 illustrated comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 3 a schematic perspective bottom view of parts of the Fig. 1 illustrated comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 4A is a schematic perspective view of a screening device according to the invention with a locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 4B is a further schematic perspective view of the Fig. 4A shown screening device with locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 5A is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a screening device according to the invention, Fig. 5B is a schematic side view of the Fig. 5A shows the screening device according to the invention, Fig. 5C is a schematic bottom view of the Fig. 5A shows the screening device according to the invention, Fig. 5D is a further schematic longitudinal side view of the Fig. 5A shown screening device according to the invention, Fig. 6A is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a screening device according to the invention, Fig. 6B is a schematic side view of the Fig. 6A shows the screening device according to the invention, Fig. 6C is a schematic bottom view of the Fig. 6A shows the screening device according to the invention, Fig. 6D is a further schematic longitudinal side view of the Fig. 6A shown screening device according to the invention, Fig. 7 a schematic perspective view of a counter comb according to the invention with a screening device according to the invention arranged thereon, Fig. 8 a schematic rear view of the Fig. 7 parts shown, Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of part of another embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a comminution device according to the invention without a comminution roller arranged therein, Fig. 11 a schematic bottom view of parts of a comminution device according to the invention in a further embodiment, Fig. 12 a schematic detailed view of the Fig. 11 shows the installation situation of a screening device according to the invention, Fig. 13 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a screening device according to the invention with a locking device arranged therein, Fig. 14 a schematic perspective bottom view of the Fig. 13 shows the screening device according to the invention with a locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 15 a schematic perspective view of a locking device according to the invention, Fig. 16 a schematic perspective view of a guide device according to the invention, Fig. 17 a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention in a first state with the flap closed, Fig. 18 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 17 shown shredding device according to the invention in a second state with the flap open and Fig. 19 a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a screening device according to the invention.

[0122] In the Fig. 1 to 15 show an embodiment of a comminution device 1 according to the invention, wherein the figures partly show different designs of certain components or different views of certain parts of a comminution device 1 according to the invention.

[0123] The Fig. 1 to 3 show different views of the Fig. 1 shown shredding device 1. The Fig. 4 to 16 show different views of components of a comminution device 1 as shown in Fig. 1. Other parts of the shredding device 1 have been removed for reasons of clarity or to illustrate certain features in order to be able to describe the mode of operation.

[0124] The Fig. The comminution device 1 shown in Figure 1 is intended for comminution of feed material. The comminution device 1 comprises a comminution roller 5, on the outer surface of which 2 comminution tools 3 are arranged. The comminution roller 5 is mounted on the machine frame 4, whereby the comminution roller 5 can also be mounted for rotation about a rotation axis. The rotatable mounting of the comminution roller 5 is not shown in detail in the illustrated embodiments.

[0125] The machine frame 4 is also shown only schematically, although an outer housing of the machine frame 4 may also be provided to protect the components arranged in the machine frame 4 from external influences. This has also not been shown in detail for reasons of clarity. Therefore, it is understood that the shredding device 1 may also include other components, such as an outer housing or the bearing of the shredding roller 5, which, however, are not shown in detail in the figures.

[0126] Furthermore, the machine frame 4 can also comprise several walls, whereby the illustrated figures show only a rear and a front end wall 47 and side walls 10, 12. At least one of the end walls 47 and / or at least one side wall 10, 12 can be designed as a stationary wall and thus, in particular, can be arranged in a fixed manner. However, if necessary, removable or movable components of the machine frame 4 can also be provided.

[0127] In this context, it is understood that only the essential components of the machine frame 4 are shown in the figures, so that the machine frame 4 may also comprise additional components. The shredding roller 5 is mounted in particular on at least one of the end walls 47.

[0128] The Fig. The comminution device 1 shown in Figure 1 also has a counter-comb 7 for interacting with the comminution roller 5. The counter-comb 5 comprises counter-comminution tools 6, which interact with the comminution tools 3 to comminute the feed material. Comminution can take place in such a way that comminution tools 3 are guided between the counter-comminution tools 6, namely in particular during rotation of the comminution roller 5. Between adjacent counter-comminution tools 6, a gap is thus provided, through which the comminution tool 3 can pass in order to comminute the feed material. This gap is shown schematically in the Fig. 7. In this context, it is understood that when the comminution roller 5 rotates, not all gaps need to be passed through by the comminution tools 3 at once. In particular, the comminution tools 3 can be arranged at a distance around the circumference of the comminution roller 5 on the outer surface 2, so that different gaps can optionally be passed through one after the other by the comminution tools 3. The comminution roller 5 is also rotatably driven, so that comminution of the feed material can also be achieved.

[0129] The comminution device 1 comprises a screening device 9 arranged below the comminution roller 5 for screening the comminuted feed material. The screening device 9 can screen at least a portion of the comminuted feed material. The screening device 9 has a plurality of screening openings 8. The screening openings 8 can be of identical or different construction. Fig. 5A shows a screening device 9 which comprises a plurality of screening openings 10 which are at least substantially identical in design.

[0130] The counter comb 7 can be pivotably mounted on the machine frame 4 and can be adjusted by means of an adjusting device 11 in the direction of the shredding roller 5, as the Fig. 1 to 3 schematically show. The adjusting device 11 is also shown in the Fig. 8. The adjusting device 11 can be designed such that, if the forces acting on the counter-comb 7 are too high, the counter-comb 7 pivots away from the shredding roller 5, so that the distance between the counter-combing tools 6 and the shredding tools 3 can be increased. This occurs in particular when the feed material has become wedged in a gap and, in particular, rotation of the shredding roller 5 is blocked. After the blockage has been released, the adjusting device 11 can, in particular, position the counter-comb 7 back against the shredding roller 5. The adjusting device 11 can therefore ensure the pivotable mounting of the counter-comb 7 on the machine frame 4. The pivot axis 14 of the counter-comb 7 is, in particular, also in the Fig. 2 shown.

[0131] The Fig. 9 shows that the counter comb 7 is mounted on the first side wall 10.

[0132] In Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. The comminution device 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 shows that the screening device 9 is at least indirectly mounted on the counter comb 7. The screening device 9 is also supported on the machine frame 4, which can also be referred to as the machine frame, at least in the event of overload or peak loads; in particular, the screening device 9 then strikes the machine frame 4.

[0133] In particular, the screening device 9 is supported on the further side wall 12 of the machine frame 4 opposite the first side wall 10, as is the Fig. 10 schematically shows. However, this is also shown in the cross-sectional view of the Fig. 2 shown.

[0134] Fig. In this context, Figure 10 shows the crushing device 1 without the crushing roller 5 arranged therein, so that the stop of the screening device 9 on the machine frame 4 is visible. Fig. 10, that the screening device 9 is mounted on the counter comb 7, and at the same time is also supported on the further side wall 12.

[0135] The Fig. 1 shows that the first and further side walls 10, 12 form the longitudinal sides of the machine frame 4. The longitudinal sides of the machine frame 4 extend, in particular, at least substantially in the direction of the rotational axis of the shredding roller 5, or the first and further side walls 10, 12 extend, with their respective longitudinal extents, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the rotational axis of the shredding roller 5.

[0136] In the Fig. 5A to 5D and 6A to 6D show two different embodiments of screening devices 9. These embodiments differ in that the Fig. The screening device 9 shown in Figures 5A to 5D has screen extension elements 45 below the screening surface, which in particular have an L-shaped profile and preferably extend the depth of the screening surface. Thus, the screen extension elements 45 prevent excessively long material, which would otherwise fit through the screening openings 8, from being discharged via the screening openings 8. This material can thus be fed back into the comminution device 1.

[0137] The sieve openings 8 can in particular be at least substantially rectangular, as the Fig. 4B shows. In further embodiments, a honeycomb, hexagonal, and / or strip-shaped shape in the sieve openings 8 is also possible.

[0138] The Fig. 5C and Fig. 6C show that the sieve openings 8 are closed and thus spaced apart from each other.

[0139] The Fig. 5A, but also the Fig. 6A shows that the screening device 9 has a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element 17 having screening openings 8.

[0140] However, other designs of the sieve openings 8 are also possible. A honeycomb structure of the sieve openings 8, for example, enables optimal removal of the crushed feed material, in particular without the feed material becoming wedged in the sieve openings 8. The honeycomb structure thus enables, in particular, a wear-resistant design of the sieve element 17.

[0141] The Fig. The adjusting device 11 shown in Fig. 2 can have at least one hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the counter comb 7.

[0142] In Fig. 13 shows that the sieve element 17 is curved at least in some areas. The curvature of the sieve element 17 can in particular be designed to correspond and / or be adapted to the outer envelope curve of the comminution roller 5 at least in some areas. Thus, the curved section of the sieve element 17 can in particular follow the outer envelope curve of the comminution roller 5 and can be arranged at least in some areas below the comminution roller 5, so that the sieve element 17 can at least partially encompass and / or surround the comminution roller 5 in the lower region of the comminution roller 5, as is also shown in the Fig. 11 is shown schematically.

[0143] In Fig. 3 shows that the screening device 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 via a locking device 13. The locking device 13 can in turn be connected to the counter comb 7 in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, which in Fig. 2 is shown. Fig. 2 shows that the locking device 13 is connected to the counter comb 7 via a plurality of spaced-apart connecting means 22, which may in particular comprise a screw and / or a nut, with the underside of the counter comb 7. The plurality of connecting means 22 are also shown in the Fig. 12, and especially in the Fig. 8. The Fig. 8 shows how the Fig. 7 only parts of the comminution device 1, namely the counter comb 7 and the screening device 9 arranged thereon, both of which are further arranged on a pivotable flap 36, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0144] The Fig. Figure 7 shows that the counter comb 7 has a pivoting section 15 mounted on the machine frame 4 so as to be pivotable via a pivot axis 14 and a comb bar 16 connected to the pivoting section 15 and projecting from the pivoting section 15 and having the counter-shredding tools 6. The adjusting device 11 is arranged so as to engage the rear side of the pivoting section 15 facing away from the shredding roller 5, as the Fig. 9 shows.

[0145] The counter-crushing tools 6 are spaced apart from each other in such a way that a crushing tool 3 for crushing the feed material can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-crushing tools 6. Furthermore, a guide device 16 can be arranged between the counter-crushing tools 6, which Fig. 16 is shown in more detail. This guide device 16, which ultimately serves to remove the shredded material, will be discussed in more detail below.

[0146] In Fig. 3 shows that the screening device 9 is suspended from the locking device 13 via an axis 18. The axis 18 extends at least substantially over a part of the length of the screening device 9 extending in the direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller 5, which can be seen, for example, from the Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B, but also from the Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 shows this in more detail.

[0147] The screening device 9 can thus be connected to the counter comb 7 via the axis 18. For this purpose, it can be provided that the axis 18 is arranged in hook sections 19 of the locking device 13, which in the Fig. 3 is shown schematically. The hook sections 19 serve to engage behind and support the axle 18, which Fig. 3 clearly shows. For this purpose, the hook sections 19 each have a bearing opening 20 accessible from the outside for the axis 18 - and thus open - which, for example, in the Fig. 15. Thus, the axle 18 can be accommodated in the hook sections 19 when the comminution device 1 is in use. Furthermore, the arrangement of the axle 18 in the hook sections 19 of the locking device 13 also ensures a detachable arrangement.

[0148] In addition to the mounting of the axle 18 in the hook sections 19, if required, a locking of the screening device 9 with the locking device 13 can also be provided, which is shown schematically in the Fig. 14. Here, parts of the locking device 13 engage in recesses of the screening device 9, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0149] The Fig. 15 shows that the hook sections 19 are firmly connected to a connecting plate 21. The connecting plate 21 can in turn serve to connect to the underside of the pivot section 15, as the Fig. 2 shows.

[0150] The connecting plate 21 can further be connected to the hook sections 19 in a materially bonded, positively bonded and / or non-positively bonded manner or, in further embodiments, can be formed integrally therewith.

[0151] The connecting plate 21 can extend over at least 50%, in particular over at least 70%, of the length of the sieve element 17, which is the case, for example, in the Fig. 4B is shown.

[0152] However, the connecting plate 21 does not have to extend over the entire length of the sieve element 17, but only over the section that is required for attachment to the underside of the counter comb 7. Such a schematic attachment to the underside is also shown in detail in the Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, which show sections or parts of a comminution device 1 in a corresponding side view.

[0153] As explained above, the locking device 19, namely in particular the connecting plate 21, can be connected, in particular screwed, in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner to the underside of the pivoting section 15 facing the ground and / or the screening device 9 via a plurality of connecting means 22, which Fig. 2 in more detail.

[0154] Support elements 23 can be used to support the sieve element 17. Such support elements 23 are shown in the Fig. 4A to 6D show different embodiments of the screening device 9. The support elements 23 are designed to support the screening element 17. Thus, the screening element 17 can be connected, in particular in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner and / or by a material connection, to at least one support element 23 arranged, in particular, below the screening element 17 and facing away from the comminution roller 5.

[0155] In the Fig. 19 shows a further embodiment of a screening device 9. In this embodiment, the screening element 17 is arranged replaceably on the support elements 23. Thus, the Fig. 19, that the sieve element 17 is connected to at least one support element 23 via sieve element connecting means 51, in particular to both outer support elements 23. The sieve element 17 can in particular be placed on the central support elements 23, but in particular not be connected to these central support elements 23 in a materially bonded manner.

[0156] In particular, a plurality of support elements 23 spaced apart from one another is provided, which Fig. 6A in detail. In particular, the support element 23 extends over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of the width 24 of the sieve element 17, which is also shown in the Fig. 6A. The Fig. 6A even shows that the support element 23 extends over the entire width 24 of the sieve element 17 and lies directly against the underside of the sieve element 17.

[0157] In addition, the support element 23 can also be curved at least in some areas, in particular adapted to the shape of the underside of the sieve element 17 against which the support element 23 abuts.

[0158] The support element 23 can be connected to the sieve element 17 in a materially bonded manner, in particular by welding.

[0159] The support element 23 serves to support the sieve element 17, in particular by connecting the sieve element 17 to the axis 18, which Fig. 5A also shows this. Thus, the sieve element 17 is indirectly connected to the axis 18 via the support elements 23.

[0160] In addition to the support elements 23, further support elements 25 can also be provided, as they are also shown, for example, in the embodiments according to the Fig. 5A and Fig. 6A. These additional support elements 25 can also serve to support the sieve element 17 and in particular connect the sieve element 17 to the axis 18. In the Fig. 5A and Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6A, the further support element 25 is arranged only on the upper longitudinal edge 26 of the sieve element 9 or engages and / or rests against it.

[0161] The Fig. Figure 5A shows that the support elements 23 and the additional support elements 25 are arranged alternately with each other. However, a different arrangement can also be provided. The additional support elements 25 ultimately enable the sieve element 17 to be supported without having to be directly adjacent to the sieve surface, thus not impairing the sieving process.

[0162] The support elements 23 and the additional support elements 25 can have axle openings for the passage of the axle 18, wherein the axle 18 can be arranged in these axle openings at least substantially free of play. Preferably, however, the axle 18 can be removed from the axle openings as needed. In further embodiments, the axle 18 can also be integrally connected to the axle openings of the support elements 23 or the additional support elements 25.

[0163] Accordingly, the axis 18 can be connected to the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25 at least in a form-fitting manner.

[0164] In Fig. 5A shows that the axis 18 protrudes from the outer support element 23 or 25 (depending on whether the support element 23 or the further support element 25 is the outer support element) on both end faces. The outer support element 23, 25 is understood to be the support element that is spaced apart from or adjacent to only one further support element or further support elements 23, 25.

[0165] To support the screening device 9 on the machine frame 4, stop means 32 can be provided, which are described in detail in the Fig. 5A and in use in the Fig. 10. In particular, several adjacent stop means 32 can be provided. The stop means 32 are part of the screening device 9 and thus serve for stop and / or support on the machine frame 4. In particular, the stop means 32 abut the further side wall 12 of the machine frame 4, as the Fig. 10 shows.

[0166] The stop means 32, in particular with their underside, enable a flat support on the further side wall 12, wherein, in particular when pivoting the counter comb 7, a relative movement between the stop means 32 and the further side wall 12 can also be permitted. The stop means 32 can, in particular, be designed to correspond to the contact surface of the further side wall 12 for optimal support and for flat contact on the further side wall 12. Since the further side wall 12 is curved at least in the contact area for the stop means 32, it is particularly preferred that the stop means 32 are curved at least in some areas or are designed at least in the shape of an arc section, a bow-shaped and / or plate-shaped, which Fig. 4A, Fig. 5A and Fig. 6A also shows in detail.

[0167] In Fig. 10 shows that the stop means 32 lies flat against the further side wall 12 and further lies against the further side wall 12 over an arc angle or circumferential area between 10° and 60°.

[0168] As previously explained, if necessary, the screening device 9 can be locked to the locking device 13. Such a locking device is shown schematically in the Fig. 14 in a first embodiment and in the Fig. 17 in a further embodiment. Finally, in the state of use, the arrangement of the screening device 9 via the axis 18 on the counter comb 17 ensures a relative rotation of the screening device 9 and also a relative movement to the counter comb 7. However, this movement should preferably be restricted so that the axis 18 can be prevented from wandering out of the hook sections 19. For this purpose, at least one fixing means 27 can be used, which is described in more detail in the Fig. 14 for one embodiment and in Fig. 17 is shown for the further embodiment.

[0169] This fixing agent 27 can be used according to the Fig. 14, in particular have a fixing plate which can engage in a recess 28 of the support element 23 or the further support element 25, as shown in the Fig. 14 shows.

[0170] The Fig. 14 shows that at least the additional support elements 25 have a recess 28 for engagement of the fixing means 27, in particular a fixing plate. In particular, multiple fixing means 27 can be provided. One fixing means 27 can be provided for each additional support means 25 or only for some additional support means. At the same time, some or all of the support elements 23 can be fixed by a fixing means 27.

[0171] Ultimately, the fixing means 27 enables a force-locking and / or form-locking connection to the support element 23 or the further support element 25 to be achieved, thus locking the screening device 9 to the locking device 13. The fixing means 27 is also firmly connected to the locking device 13, which, for example, Fig. 14, but also the other figures show. For example, a projection 29 is provided on the connecting plate 21, which interacts with the fixing means 27. For example, the fixing means 27 can comprise a threaded pin, which can be guided through this projection 29 and can also be connected to a fixing plate. By displacing the threaded pin relative to the projection 29, the fixing plate can be pushed into or out of the recess 28 as needed.

[0172] In further embodiments, the fixing means 27 can be connected in another way in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, for example via a bolt connection, to the projection 29 or to another means of the locking device, which is arranged on a connecting plate 21 if necessary.

[0173] To guide the movement of the fixing means 27, a guide rail 30 can be provided on the locking device 13, which is described in detail in Fig. 15. This guide rail 30 can have webs 31 arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. For example, the threaded pin can be arranged between these webs 31, wherein the fixing plate of the fixing means 27 can be guided between the webs 31. The guide rail 30 can thus specify the direction of movement of the fixing means 27 and further ensure that the fixing means 27 can engage in the recess 28 of the support element 23 or the further support element 25. Such engagement is, as previously explained, provided in the Fig. 14 shown.

[0174] At the Fig. 17, it is provided that the fixing means 27 directly secures the axis 18, so that the axis 18 is enclosed by the hook section 19 and the fixing means 27 in the region of the fixing means 27. In particular, a plurality of fixing means 27 can be provided, each of which is connected in particular to a hook section 19. The fixing means 27 can partially surround and / or enclose the axis 18 for securing and / or positional fixing. For this purpose, the fixing means 27 can in particular have two legs arranged at an angle, in particular at least substantially at right angles, to one another, which enclose the axis 18. The fixing means 27 is in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 17, the fixing means 27 is detachably connected to the hook portion 19 in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, in particular via two bolt connections. The fixing means 27 is in particular not directly connected to the support element 23 and / or the connecting plate 21.

[0175] In the Fig. 4A and Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4B, the stop means 32 is formed integrally with a respective support element 23 as a common component. Thus, the support element 23 can merge into the stop means 32.

[0176] The screening device 9 can further comprise an extension element 33 adjoining the screening element 17, which, for example, can be Fig. 4B. This extension element 33 can be designed free of screen openings and in particular bridge the distance to the further side wall 12 and lie directly against this further side wall 12, which also Fig. 10. The extension element 33 can thus enable the transfer of the material again for comminution or, if necessary, back to the screening surface and thus ensure, even when the screening device 9 moves relative to the further side wall 12, that a screening surface can be provided below the comminution roller 5 and that no material can become jammed undesirably in the comminution space, for example, between the screening device 9 and the further side wall 12. For this purpose, the extension element 33 can be designed as a continuous, closed plate, as the Fig. 4A, but also the Fig. 5A shows.

[0177] At the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5A, the extension element 33 is at least substantially planar and is arranged on the longitudinal side of the sieve element 17 opposite the axis 18.

[0178] The stop means 32 can be firmly connected, in particular materially, force-locking and / or form-locking, to the extension element 33 and / or the sieve element 17, which Fig. 5A and Fig. 6A clearly demonstrate.

[0179] In Fig. 19 shows that the stop means 32 are guided through the sieve element 17, wherein the sieve element 17 has recesses and / or openings for the stop means 32. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 19, the sieve element 17 is connected to the stop means 32 in particular in a replaceable or detachable manner, in that the stop means 32 are in particular not connected to the sieve element 17 in a materially bonded manner.

[0180] To ensure a distance between the screening device 9 and the crushing roller 5, spacers 34 can be used, which in the use state in the Fig. 2 and in detail in the Fig. 4A to 6D. These spacers 34 can be arranged on the sieve element 17 and ensure a distance between the sieve element 17 and the comminution roller 5. In particular, the spacer 34, at least substantially in the assembled state, directly adjoins the outer surface 2 on the comminution roller 5 and, in particular, encloses a clear distance of less than 5 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, therefrom. In particular, two spacers 34 spaced apart from one another can be provided, as can the Fig. 7 shows.

[0181] In the Fig. 17 shows a further embodiment of a spacer 34, which will be discussed below.

[0182] In addition to the axis 18, a stability element 35 can be provided, which in the embodiments of the screening device 9 shown in the Fig. 4A to 6D. This stability element 35 can be arranged adjacent to the axis 18 and, in particular, can also be designed as the axis 18, in particular as a thick-walled tube.

[0183] The stability element 35 can connect the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25 to each other. For connection to the stability element 35, the support elements 23 or the further support elements 25 can therefore also have axial openings into which the stability element 35 can be arranged at least substantially free of play. The stability element 35 is in particular not directly connected to the counter comb 7, which is Fig. 3. However, the stability element 35 ensures additional stability of the screening device 9, particularly under high forces acting on the screening device 9. For this purpose, the stability element 35 can be connected to the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25 in a form-fitting, force-fitting, and / or material-fitting manner.

[0184] What is not shown is that the spacers 34 can be omitted if necessary, or that the stop means 32 additionally form the spacers 34 by being shaped at one end so that when the screening device 9 is lifted in the direction of the comminution roller 5, the stop means 32 first abut the outer surface 2 of the comminution roller 5 and thus prevent the comminution tools 3 from coming into contact with the screening device 8 or the screening element 17. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for the stability element 35 or another element of the screening device 9 on the side of the counter comb 7, in conjunction with the counter comb 7, to result in the screening device 9 being held back when it is lifted by comminution forces or when lifting forces act on the screening device 9 - additional stops at other locations, such as the end walls of the machine frame 4, are also conceivable.

[0185] For maintenance purposes, the counter comb 7 can be pivoted open. This is achieved by the presence of a pivoting flap 36, as shown in the Fig. 11. The flap 36 can also be referred to as a comb flap. The counter comb 7 and the screening device 9 can be mounted on the flap 36, at least in part. The flap 36 can be arranged on the first side wall 10 and, if necessary, form the first side wall 10 in further embodiments.

[0186] The Fig. 1 shows that the flap 36 can be operated via comb flap cylinders so that the flap 36 can be closed and the screening device 9 can be moved into its working position.

[0187] To remove the screening device 9, the flap 36 can be opened, and then the screening device 9 can be moved out of its working position. The screening device 9 can then be removed from the shredding device 1 using an external lifting device while the flap 36 is still open.

[0188] At least one installation means 37 can be provided for removing the screening device 9. Finally, the screening device 9 is preferably detached from the counter comb 7 before opening the flap 36, in particular by releasing the connecting means 22 between the locking device 13 and the counter comb 7. The screening device 9 can then be placed on the installation means 37, in particular with the respective projecting section of the axis 18. As an alternative to the projecting section of the axis 18, installation pins can also be provided which interact with the installation means 37. The installation means 37 can therefore be provided for opening and closing the flap 36. The installation means 37 is shown schematically, for example, in the Fig. 12 shown. The Fig. 12 shows that the installation means 37 is connected to the machine frame 4 and is provided, if necessary, for receiving or arranging the screening device 9, in particular in that the installation means 37 has a recess 38 for arranging the axis 18 or a mounting pin in a further embodiment.

[0189] In particular, two installation means 37 are provided.

[0190] In Fig. 7 schematically shows that the installation means 37 can have a slot for relative displacement on the counter comb 7. For example, before opening the flap 36, the installation element 37 can be inserted into the slot shown in the Fig. 7, then the connecting means 22 or the locking device 13 can be released from the counter comb 7, and the screening device 9 can then be placed onto the recess 38 of the installation means 37 via the projecting portion of the axis 18 or via mounting pins or the like. Subsequently, the flap 36 can be pivoted out, and then the screening device 9 can be removed.

[0191] The screening device 9 can be installed in the same way. First, the screening device 9 can be placed on the installation means 37 in the extended position, then the comb flap 36 can be pivoted closed and a connection can be established again between the counter comb 7 and the screening device 9, in particular by connecting the comb to the locking device 13 and the locking device 13 then slowly moving towards the axis 18 with its hook sections 19 and engaging behind the axis 18 and can thus support the screening device 9. Once this has been done, the installation means 37 can then be returned to a retracted position, which is not shown in detail in the figures. In this retracted position, the installation means 37 does not represent any impairment in the comminution chamber.A relative displacement of this installation means 37 can then be ensured via the corresponding connecting means to the machine frame 4 described above and via the elongated hole in the installation means 37, which the . Fig. 7 shows.

[0192] In the Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 shows a further embodiment of pivoting out the screening device 9, in which the screening device 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 and supported on the machine frame 4 in such a way that the screening device 9 can be moved together with the counter comb 7 upon actuation of the flap opening mechanism of the flap 36, in particular without first being placed on installation means 37 or without first being detached from the counter comb 7. In this embodiment, it can be provided that, for installation of the screening device 9, it is placed on the open flap 36 via an external lifting device, such as a wheel loader or a crane, and then connected to the counter comb 7. By actuating the comb flap cylinders of the flap 36, the flap 36 can be closed and the screening device 9 can thus be moved into its working position.Closing the flap 36 can, in particular, lock the screening device 9 in its working position and protect the screening device 9 against the forces during the comminution process. In this way, the previously described locking mechanism on the counter comb 7, in particular the fixing means 27, can be omitted or designed differently. To open the flap 36, the screening device 9 is pulled out of the working position so that it can be removed from the comminution device 1 via external lifting gear. In this way, it can be avoided in particular that the installer or the user has to enter the contaminated comminution chamber when installing the screening device 9 and have to position the screening device 9 there. This activity can now be carried out ergonomically outside the comminution chamber.In addition, the working actuators (comb flap cylinders) from the comminution device 1 can be used for the installation and removal of the screening device 9. Installation means 37 are no longer required in this embodiment.

[0193] Fig. 17 shows the closed state of the flap 36, whereas the Fig. 18 shows the open state of the flap 36.

[0194] Fig. Figure 17 shows that at least one support rail 46 is provided on the machine frame 4, namely, in the illustrated embodiment, on an end wall 47 of the machine frame 4. In particular, support rails 46 are provided on both opposite end walls 47. In other embodiments, one support rail 46 is sufficient.

[0195] The Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 show that the screening device 9 can be guided and / or supported along the support rail 46 when opening and / or closing the flap 36. The support rail 46 determines the movement of the screening device 9, particularly when actuating the flap 36. It is advantageous that neither the fixing means 27 nor the locking device 13 nor the connecting means 22 need to be released to actuate the flap 36. The fixing means 27 is in the Fig. 18, since the cut was made at a location where the fixing means 27 is not shown.

[0196] The fixing means 27 secures in particular directly the axis 18, wherein furthermore a rotation of the axis 18 in the secured state can be ensured via the fixing means 27, whereby the pivoting of the screening device 9 relative to the counter comb, as shown in Fig. 18, can be achieved even in the mounted state of the fixing means 27. This would be possible with a fixing means 27 as shown in Fig. 14 is shown, in particular not possible.

[0197] Fig. 17 further shows that the support rail 46 has an upper limiting web 48 facing the comminution roller 5 and a lower limiting web 49 opposite the upper limiting web 48. The upper limiting web 48 can have a ramp, particularly at its front ends, which optimizes the movement of the screening device 9.

[0198] The upper limiting web 48 additionally acts - at least functionally speaking - as a spacer 34 or is designed as a spacer 34.

[0199] Additional, separate spacers 35, which must be connected to the sieve element 17, can be avoided in this embodiment, so that the Fig. 19, the screening device 9 does not have such spacers 34.

[0200] The Fig. 19 shows a variant of the screening device 9, which can be used in particular for a swivelling of the screening device 9 together with the counter comb 7 when the flap 36 is actuated, which is shown for example in the Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 is shown.

[0201] Fig. 19 shows that the screening device 9 has a support means 50, which is provided in particular for cooperation with a support rail 46, as shown in the Fig. 17 and Fig. 18. The support means 50 is part of the screening device 50 and, in particular, is firmly connected to the stop means 32. The support means 50 (and, with it, the screening device 9) is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs 48, 49, namely when opening and closing the flap 36.

[0202] Fig. 19 shows that the support means 50 protrudes from the front side of the sieve element 17.

[0203] In further embodiments, the sieve element 17 can have corresponding recesses in the region of the support means 50, at least in that section(s) of the support means 50 which cooperate(s) with the support rail 46 (in particular the end-face sections of the support means 50), so that engagement of the support means 50 in the support rail 46 can be enabled.

[0204] The Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 shows that when the flap 36 is opened and / or closed, the support means 50 is placed on the lower limiting web 49 and rests against it. This can also be provided when the shredding device 1 is in use, thereby achieving further relief.

[0205] By striking the support means 50 in the use state against the upper limiting web 48, the previously described function of the spacer 34 can be achieved, wherein from a functional point of view the spacer 34 is achieved by the upper limiting web 48 and striking the support means 50.

[0206] The Fig. 19 shows that the support means 50 is designed as a means connecting the stop means 32 to one another, in particular in the form of an axle. The support means 50 can be guided through openings in the stop means 32, in particular arranged therein at least substantially free of play. In this way, the support means 50 can be connected to the stop means 32 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. With a replaceable sieve element 17, the support means 50 can then also assume a "dual function" - and, in addition to interacting with the at least one support rail 46, can also hold the sieve element 17 in place by firmly connecting the stop means 32, which are in particular directly connected to the support elements 23, to one another.

[0207] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a comminution device 1 which has a screening device 9, a comminution roller 5 and a counter comb 7, wherein the screening device 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner via a locking device 13.

[0208] In connection with this embodiment of the comminution device 1, reference may be made to the aforementioned explanations, which apply equally to this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is not absolutely necessary for the screening device 9 to be supported on the machine frame 4. However, this embodiment is not illustrated in the figures. The figures always show the support on the machine frame 4. However, this embodiment is also part of the present invention.

[0209] In this embodiment, the shredding roller 5 has two shredding tools 3 on its outer surface. The shredding roller 5 is rotatably mounted on the machine frame 4.

[0210] In addition, the comminution device 1 comprises the counter-comb 7, which comprises counter-comminution tools 6 that interact with the comminution tools 3 to comminute the feed material. Furthermore, the screening device 9 for screening the comminuted feed material can be arranged below the comminution roller 5. The screening device 9 has a plurality of, in particular closed, screening openings 8 and also a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element 17 having the screening openings 8.

[0211] As previously explained, in this embodiment too, the counter comb 7 is pivotably mounted on the machine frame 4, in particular on a first side wall 10 of the machine frame 4, and can be adjusted in the direction of the shredding roller 5 by means of an adjusting device 11.

[0212] The locking device 13 serves to support the screening device 9 and connects the screening device 9 to the counter comb 7 in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. For this purpose, the screening device 9 has an axle 18, via which the screening device 9 is suspended from the locking device 13. For this purpose, the locking device 13 can, in particular, have a plurality of hook sections 19 for engaging behind and supporting the axle 18. The hook sections 19 can, in particular, have a storage opening accessible from the outside for the axle 18.

[0213] With regard to further preferred embodiments of this comminution device 1, reference may be made to the above-mentioned statement, which can also apply to this embodiment in the same way.

[0214] For improved discharge of the crushed feed material, a guide device 39 can be provided on the counter comb 7, which is described in detail in the Fig. 16. The guide device 39 as such is shown in the Fig. 16 in a schematic perspective view. The guide device 39 can be arranged below the counter-crushing tools 6, as the Fig. 16. The guide device 39 can also be arranged or mounted facing the sieve element 17 and on a comb bar 16, on which the counter-crushing tools 6 can also be arranged.

[0215] The guide device 39 can be provided for the removal of comminuted feed material and in particular for the discharge of comminuted feed material onto the sieve element 17.

[0216] For this purpose, the guide device 39 can have an optimized shape.

[0217] The counter-crushing tools 6 can be connected to the comb bar 16 via bearing bodies 44 or each counter-crushing tool 6 can be arranged on a bearing body 44 which is connected to the counter-comb 7 and / or the comb bar 16 of the counter-comb 7, as shown in the Fig. 2 shows in detail.

[0218] The guide device 39 can be arranged in such a way that it is interrupted by the bearing bodies 44 and has corresponding openings for this purpose, such as the Fig. 16 shows.

[0219] The guide device 39 can, in particular, extend substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shredding roller 5 or in the longitudinal direction of the counter-comb 7. In particular, the guide device 39 can extend at least substantially over the entire length of the shredding roller 5 and / or over the entire length of the counter-comb 7. However, the guide device 39 can also extend only over a portion of the length of the shredding roller 5 or the counter-comb 7, which is not shown in detail but can be provided for other embodiments.

[0220] The guide device 39 can have at least one stop wall 40 arranged between two adjacent counter-crushing tools 6, which Fig. 16 shows. The Fig. 16 further shows that a plurality of stop walls 40 are provided.

[0221] In particular, a stop wall 40 can be arranged between each two adjacent counter-crushing tools 6. The stop wall 40 can be arranged directly below the counter-crushing tools 6. In particular, the counter-crushing tools 6 project beyond the stop wall 40 or protrude. The length of the stop wall 40 can therefore be shorter than the length of the adjacent counter-crushing tool 6. The length of the stop wall 40 can, in particular, be the length running parallel to the length of the counter-crushing tool 6.

[0222] In Fig. 16 shows that the stop wall 40 has a first section 41 arranged on the counter comb 7. A second section 42 can adjoin the first section 41. Between the first and the second section 21, 22, an angle α can be provided, which can be between 100° and 170°, in particular between 135° and 150°, which in the Fig. 16 is shown.

[0223] The guide device 39 may further comprise a third section 43 adjoining the second section 42 of the stop wall 40, as described in detail in the Fig. 16. The third section 43 can be arranged on a plurality of second sections 42, as the Fig. 16 also shows.

[0224] Between the second section 42 or at least one second section 42 and the third section 43, an angle γ can be provided, which in the Fig. 16, can be between 85° and 95°. Due to the angular arrangement of the sections 42, 43 of the guide device 39 relative to one another, an optimized discharge of the shredded feed material to the sieve element 17 can be achieved. Thus, in particular, feed material striking the first or second section 41, 42 can be optimally delivered to the sieve element 17 due to the oblique alignment of the sections 41, 42. In particular, no feed material strikes the third section 43; this section 43 serves in particular as protection against the penetration of shredded material into the storage area of ​​the counter-shredding tools 6.

[0225] Fig.Figure 16 further shows that the corners provided between the first and second sections 41, 42 and the second and third sections 42, 43 are particularly rounded. In this context, the angles α and γ refer in particular to the straight and non-rounded areas of the respective sections 41, 42, 43. List of reference symbols: 1 shredding device 2 Outer surface 3 shredding tools 4 machine frames 5 shredding roller 6 counter-crushing tools 7 Counter comb 8 Sieve opening 9 Screening device 10 first side wall 11 Adjusting device 12 additional side walls 13 Locking device 14 Swivel axis 15 Swivel section 16 comb strip 17 Sieve element 18 Axis 19 Hook section 20 storage opening of 19 21 Connection plate 22 connecting devices 23 Support element 24 width of 17 25 additional support element 26 Longitudinal edge of 17 27 Fixatives 28 recess 29 lead 30 guide rail 31 jetty 32 lifting gear 33 Extension element 34 spacers 35 Stability element 36 flap 37 Installation materials 38 Installation recess of 37 39 Guidance device 40 stop wall 41 first section 42 second section 43 third section 44 bearing bodies 45 Sieve extension element 46 support rail 47 Front wall 48 upper boundary bridge 49 lower boundary bridge 50 support devices 51 Sieve element connecting elements α angle between 41 and 42 γ angle QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 20 2015 003 527 U1 [0003, 0004] DE 20 2018 000 803 U1 [0003, 0004]

Claims

[1] Comminution device (1) intended for comminution of feed material comprising: - a comminution roller (5) having comminution tools (3) on its outer surface (2) and rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4), - a counter-comb (7) having counter-crushing tools (6) for interacting with the crushing tools (3) to crush the feed material and - a screening device (9) arranged below the comminution roller (5) and having a plurality of screening openings (8) for screening comminuted feed material, wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the shredding roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11), wherein the screening device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7) and wherein the screening device (9) is supported, in particular abuts, on the machine frame (4), in particular on a further side wall (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), at least in the event of overload. [2] Crushing device according to claim 1, characterized by that the screening device (9) is connected to the counter comb (7) via a locking device (13), in particular wherein the locking device (13) is connected to the counter comb (7) in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner. [3] Crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized byin that the counter-comb (7) has a pivoting section (15) which is mounted on the machine frame (4) so ​​as to be pivotable via a pivot axis (14), and a comb bar (16) which is connected to the pivoting section (15) and projects from the pivoting section (15) and has the counter-shredding tools (6), in particular wherein the adjusting device (11) acts on and / or is arranged on the rear side of the pivoting section (15) facing away from the shredding roller (5) and / or in particular wherein the counter-shredding tools (6) are spaced apart in such a way that a shredding tool (3) for shredding the feed material can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-shredding tools (6). [4] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the screening device (9) has a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element (17) having the screening openings (8), in particular wherein the screening element (17) is curved, preferably adapted to the outer envelope curve of the comminution roller (5), and / or in particular wherein the screening element (17) at least partially surrounds and / or encompasses the comminution roller (5) and / or in particular wherein the screening openings (8) and / or at least one screening opening (8) is closed, in particular rectangular, hexagonal and / or strip-shaped. [5] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the screening device (9) is suspended from the locking device (13) via an axle (18), in particular wherein the locking device (13) has a plurality of hook sections (19) for engaging behind and for supporting the axle (18), wherein, preferably, the hook sections (19) each have a storage opening (20) accessible from the outside for the axle (18). [6] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hook sections (19) are firmly connected to a connecting plate (21), in particular wherein the connecting plate (21) is formed in one piece with the hook sections (19) and / or is connected to the hook sections (19) in a materially bonded, positively bonded and / or non-positively bonded manner and / or in particular wherein the connecting plate (21) extends over at least 50%, in particular between 60% and 100%, more preferably over at least 70%, of the length of the sieve element (23). [7] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking device (18), in particular the connecting plate (21), is non-positively and / or positively connected, in particular screwed, to the underside of the pivoting section (15) facing the ground and / or the screening device (9) via a plurality of connecting means (22). [8] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the sieve element (17) is connected to at least one support element (23) arranged, in particular below the sieve element (17), facing away from the comminution roller (5) and / or is supported on the support element (23), in particular wherein a plurality of support elements (23) spaced apart from one another is provided and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) extends at least partially over the width (24) of the sieve element (17), preferably over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of the width (24) of the sieve element (17), and more preferably over the entire width (24) of the support element (23) directly against the underside of the sieve element (17) and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) is curved at least partially and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) is integrally formed, in particular welded,is connected to the sieve element (17) and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) connects the sieve element (17) to the axis (18). [9] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by in that the screening device (9) has at least one, in particular one-piece, stop means (32) for striking and / or supporting on the machine frame (4), in particular on the further side wall (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), in particular wherein a plurality of spaced-apart stop means (32) are provided and / or in particular wherein the stop means (32) are curved at least in some regions and / or in particular wherein the stop means (32) are designed in the shape of an arc section, a bow-shaped and / or plate-shaped and / or corresponding to the contact surface of the further side wall (12) against which the stop means (32) strikes and / or is supported. [10] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop means (32) lies flat against the further side wall (12) and / or over an arc angle and / or circumferential area of ​​at least 5° to 80°, preferably between 10° to 60°. [11] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one further support element (25) of the sieve device (9) is provided for connecting the axis (18) to the sieve element (17), in particular wherein the further support element (25) is arranged and / or engages and / or bears only on the upper longitudinal edge (26) of the sieve element (9) facing away from the stop means (32). [12] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the axis (18) is guided through axis openings of the support element(s) (23) and / or the further support element(s) (25), in particular wherein the axis (18) is positively connected to the support element(s) (23) and / or further support element(s) (25) and / or in particular wherein the axis (18) protrudes in each case relative to the outermost support element (23) and / or further support element (25). [13] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking device (13) has at least one fixing means (27) for at least indirectly fixing and / or securing the axle (18). [14] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the fixing means (27) interacts in a form-fitting and / or non-positive manner with at least one support element (23) and / or a further support element (25) and / or that at least one support element (23) and / or at least one further support element (25) has a recess (28) for the engagement of the fixing means (27), in particular wherein the fixing means (27) has a fixing plate and / or a threaded pin and / or in particular wherein the fixing means (27) is connected in a form-fitting and / or non-positive manner to the connecting plate (22), wherein, preferably, for fastening the fixing means (27), a projection (29) protrudes from the connecting plate (21), wherein, further preferably, the fixing means (27) can be connected to the projection (29) in a form-fitting and / or non-positive manner, in particular via a bolt connection. [15] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the fixing means (27) directly secures the axle (18) and / or that the fixing means (27) at least partially surrounds and / or encloses the axle (18) for securing and / or positional fixing, in particular wherein the fixing means (27) is releasably connected to a hook portion (19) in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, in particular via a bolt connection. [16] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one guide rail (30) for guiding the fixing means (27) is provided on the underside of the connecting plate (21) facing the screening device (9), in particular wherein the guide rail (30) has two webs (31) arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. [17] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat in each case a stop means (32) and a support element (23, 25) are formed in one piece as a common component. [18] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the screening device (9) has an extension element (33) adjoining the screening element (17), in particular wherein the extension element (33) is free of screening openings (8) and / or is designed as a continuous, closed plate and / or is at least substantially flat and / or in particular wherein the extension element (33) is arranged on the longitudinal side opposite the axis (18). [19] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stop means (32) is firmly connected, in particular materially, non-positively and / or positively, to the extension element (33). [20] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat at least one spacer (34) of the screening device (9) is provided to ensure a distance between the screening element (17) and the comminution roller (5), in particular wherein the spacer (34) is at least substantially directly adjacent to the outer surface (2) of the comminution roller (5). [21] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one stability element (35), in particular only connecting the support elements (23) and / or the further support elements (25), in particular designed as an axis and / or tube, is provided adjacent to the axis (18), in particular wherein the stability element (35) is directly unconnected to the counter comb (7). [22] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the machine frame (4) has a pivotable flap (36), wherein the counter comb (7) and the screening device (9) are at least partially mounted on the flap (36) and / or in particular wherein the flap (36) is arranged on the first side wall (10) and / or forms the first side wall (10). [23] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat at least one installation means (37) is provided for opening and closing the flap (36) for the screening device (9), wherein the installation means (37) is connected to the machine frame (4) and is provided for receiving and / or arranging the screening device (9), in particular wherein two installation means (37) are provided corresponding to opposite ends of the counter comb (7), each having a recess (38) for arranging the axis (18) of the screening device (9) and / or installation pins arranged on the screening device (9), in particular for arranging the section of the axis (18) protruding in each case relative to the outermost support element (23) and / or further support element (25). [24] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat at least one support rail (46) is provided on the machine frame (4), in particular on an end wall (47) of the machine frame (4), along which the screening device (9) can be guided and / or supported when the flap (36) is opened and / or closed, in particular wherein the support rail (46) has an upper limiting web (48) facing the comminution roller (5) and a lower limiting web (49) opposite the upper limiting web (48), in particular wherein the upper limiting web (48) is additionally designed as a spacer (34). [25] Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the screening device (9) is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs (48, 49) by means of a support means (50), in particular one projecting from the end face of the screening element (17), when the flap (36) is opened and / or closed, in particular wherein the support means (50) is placed on the lower limiting web (49) when the flap (36) is opened and / or closed and / or is supported thereon and / or in particular wherein the support means (50) is designed as a means connecting the stop means (32) to one another, in particular designed as an axis, wherein, preferably, the support means (50) is guided through openings in the stop means (32) and is connected to the stop means (32) in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. [26] Comminution device (1), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, intended for comminution of feed material, comprising: - a comminution roller (5) having comminution tools (3) on its outer surface (2) and rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4), - a counter-comb (7) having counter-crushing tools (6) for interacting with the crushing tools (3) to crush the feed material (2) and - a screening device (9) arranged below the comminution roller (5) for screening comminuted feed material with a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element (17) having a plurality of, in particular closed, screening openings (8), wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the shredding roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11), wherein the screening device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7), wherein the screening device (9) is connected to the counter comb (7) in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner via a locking device (13), wherein the screening device (9) is suspended from the locking device (13) via an axle (18), in particular wherein the locking device (13) has a plurality of hook sections (19) for engaging behind and for supporting the axle (18), wherein, preferably, the hook sections (19) each have a storage opening (20) accessible from the outside for the axle (18).

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