Ventilation structure in hold of cargo vessel

Abstract

To provide a ventilation structure for a hold where an opening of a hatch in a cargo vessel is made large and ventilation facility is not easily damaged when loading cargo.SOLUTION: In a cargo vessel including a wave shaped partition wall 40 having corrugated irregularities on a cross-sectional configuration for partitioning between two holds CH, and wind-up type hatch covers 7A, 7B opening / closing hatch coamings provided in top units of each hold, a mechanical blower 50 is installed on a hatch coaming deck 3A in a space between a hatch coaming 20 and another hatch coaming 30, and height of the mechanical blower 50 is lower than the height of the hight of the hatch coamings 20, 30. Opening area of the hatch can be enlarged by installing the mechanical blower 50 by using dead space on an upper deck. In addition, since the height of the mechanical blower 50 is lower than the height of the hatch coamings 20, 30, accidents such as damage by coming into contact with cargo when loading the cargo can be prevented.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a cargo hold in a cargo ship, and more particularly to a ventilation structure for a cargo ship that carries limestone and other bulk cargoes. [Background technology]

[0002] On cargo ships, ventilation structures consisting of fans that blow air into the hold and exhaust stacks that exhaust the air are installed to ventilate the hold and prevent condensation from forming on cargo such as limestone and coal.

[0003] Patent Document 1 is an example of a conventional technology for ventilation structures for such holds. In this conventional technology, a ventilation tube with a fan, heater, and dehumidifier built into the housing, and an exhaust stack with a fan built into the housing are installed on the upper deck next to the hatch coaming. The air sent into the hold from the ventilation tube passes through the hold and exits through the exhaust stack. This keeps the inside of the hold dry, preventing problems such as condensation on loaded cargo.

[0004] However, because the ventilation and exhaust stacks were installed next to the hatch coaming on the upper deck, they took up a considerable amount of space on the upper deck, limiting the size of the hatch opening. The narrower hatch opening reduced cargo handling efficiency. Furthermore, because the height of the ventilation and exhaust stacks was higher than the hatch coaming, they got in the way when using cranes to load and unload cargo from the hold, causing problems such as damage to the ventilation and exhaust stacks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-307336 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a ventilation structure for a cargo hold in a cargo ship that allows for a large hatch opening and prevents damage to ventilation equipment during cargo handling. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The ventilation structure for a cargo ship of the first invention is characterized in that the cargo ship has two adjacent holds, a corrugated bulkhead with a corrugated cross-sectional shape that separates the two holds, a hatch coaming provided at the top of each hold, and a retractable hatch cover that opens and closes the hatch coaming, and that a mechanical fan is installed on the upper surface of the upper deck in the space between the hatch coaming of one hold and the hatch coaming of the other hold, and the height of the mechanical fan is lower than the height of the hatch coaming. The ventilation structure for a cargo hold in a cargo ship of the second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the mechanical blower is arranged so that its discharge port on its underside faces the recess in the corrugated bulkhead. The ventilation structure for the holds of a cargo ship of the third invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, in each of the holds, an exhaust tower for discharging air inside the hold outside the ship is provided on the upper deck near the corrugated bulkhead opposite the corrugated bulkhead on the side on which the mechanical blower is installed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the first invention, in a cargo ship with a structure in which retractable hatch covers are installed on the hatch coamings of adjacent holds, a space is created between the adjacent hatch coamings, and a mechanical blower can be installed on the upper deck in that space. By utilizing the dead space on the upper deck in this way, the hatch opening area can be increased. Furthermore, because the height of the mechanical blower is lower than the height of the hatch coaming, accidents such as damage due to contact with the grab bucket of a cargo handling crane during cargo handling can be prevented. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the discharge port of the mechanical blower faces the recess in the corrugated bulkhead, and the recess extending vertically in the corrugated bulkhead acts as a ventilation duct to draw air into the hold, making it possible to efficiently send external air into the interior of the hold without using a ventilation duct. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the wind sent into the hold by the mechanical blower is discharged from the exhaust tower, so that the wind moves within the hold and the air inside the hold can be ventilated. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a ventilation structure for a ship hold according to one embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged side view of part I in FIG. 7. [Figure 2] 8 is an explanatory diagram of the ventilation structure shown in FIG. 1, and is an enlarged plan view of part II in FIG. 8. [Figure 3] 3 is a view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2 and is an explanatory diagram of the ventilation structure. [Figure 4] 1A and 1B are a perspective view showing the combination of a mechanical blower 50 and a corrugated partition wall 40, and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mechanical blower 50. [Figure 5] 9 is an explanatory diagram of the exhaust tower 60, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 8. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are explanatory views of the ventilation action in the ventilation structure of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a side view and FIG. 1B is a plan view. [Figure 7] 1 is a side view of a cargo ship S to which the present invention is applied. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a plan view of the cargo ship S shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the general structure of a cargo ship S to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. The cargo ship S to which the present invention is applied has a basic structure in which multiple holds are provided below the upper deck 3 between the bow 1 and stern 2, and a bridge 4 is provided at the stern. The holds on the cargo ship S shown in the figure consist of a first hold CH1, a second hold CH2, a third hold CH3, and a fourth hold CH4, but the present invention also includes ships with three or fewer holds and ships with five or more holds.

[0011] The ceiling of each of holds CH1 to CH4 (i.e., upper deck 3) is formed with hatches, which are openings for loading and unloading cargo, and each hatch has a hatch coaming that forms the edge of the opening. A hatch cover, which is a lid for opening and closing the hatch, is arranged on the top surface of each hatch coaming.

[0012] A retractable hatch cover is used on the cargo ship S of the present invention, and the retractable hatch cover comprises a reel 71 and a cover body 72 that can be stored and deployed by winding and unwinding it. The cargo ship S shown in the figure uses two hatch covers 7A, 7B. A reeling machine 71 is installed on the upper deck 3 on the bow side of the ship for the hatch cover 7A, and the cover body 72 is long enough to cover the hatches in the first hold CH1 and the second hold CH2. When the cover body 72 is deployed, it covers the hatch in the first hold CH1 and the hatch in the second hold CH2, and the end of the cover body 72 reaches the end of the hatch in the second hold CH2 near the center of the hull. When the cover body 72 is completely reeled in by the reeling machine 71, the hatch in the first hold CH1 and the hatch in the second hold CH2 are open.

[0013] Hatch cover 7B has a reeling machine 71 installed on upper deck 3 near bridge 4 at the stern, and cover body 72 has a length that covers each of the hatches in third hold CH3 and fourth hold CH4. When cover body 72 is deployed, it covers the hatches in third hold CH3 and fourth hold CH4, and the end of cover body 72 reaches the end of the hatch in fourth hold CH4 near the center of the hull. When cover body 72 is completely reeled in by reeling machine 71, the hatches in third hold CH3 and fourth hold CH4 are open.

[0014] By using the retractable hatch covers 7A, 7B described above, the space occupied on the upper deck 3 can be reduced when the hatch covers are retracted and stored compared to single-pull hatch covers or folding hatch covers. In particular, since there is no need to provide hatch opening and closing devices on both sides of the hatch, the opening area of ​​the hatch in each hold can be increased. Each hatch in holds CH1, CH2, CH3, and CH4 has a hatch coaming erected on the upper deck 3, but there is a space between holds CH2 and CH3 where there is no hatch coaming. Note that holds CH1 and CH2, and holds CH3 and CH4 are connected by hatch coamings. The ventilation structure of the present invention utilizes the space 3S between the hatch of the second hold CH2 and the hatch of the third hold CH3. Note that a conventionally known ventilation structure or any other arbitrary ventilation structure is applied to the first hold CH1 and the fourth hold CH4.

[0015] A ventilation structure according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a portion I shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion II shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the hatch coaming of the second hold CH2 is indicated by reference numeral 20, and the hatch coaming of the third hold CH3 is indicated by reference numeral 30. Furthermore, the upright walls of the hatch coamings 20, 30 are indicated by reference numerals 21, 31.

[0016] 1 and 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a bottom shell plate, 12 denotes an inner bottom plate, and 13 denotes a side shell plate. The inner bottom plate 12 also serves as the bottom plate of each of the holds CH1 to CH4. As already described based on Figure 7, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is a space 3S where no hatch is formed between the vertical wall 21 of the hatch coaming 20 and the vertical wall 31 of the hatch coaming 30. The bottom of this space 3S is connected to the upper deck 3 of the entire hull, and the upper deck of this space (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the inter-coaming upper deck) is given the symbol 3A to distinguish it from the upper deck 3 of other parts.

[0017] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a corrugated bulkhead 40 is installed below the coaming upper deck 3A, separating the second hold CH2 from the third hold CH3. This corrugated bulkhead 40 has a corrugated cross-sectional shape, with alternating recesses 41 and projections 42 in plan view. Corrugated bulkheads are characterized by their greater strength than flat bulkheads (also called plain bulkheads). The first hold CH1 and the second hold CH2, and the third hold CH3 and the fourth hold CH4 are also separated by bulkheads, and any type of bulkhead, such as a corrugated bulkhead or a plain bulkhead, may be used for these bulkheads.

[0018] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, a lower stool 45, which is a diagonally inclined flat plate, is provided at the bottom of the corrugated bulkhead 40 between the corrugated bulkhead 40 and the bottom inner plating 12. In addition, a slant plate 43 is attached to each recess in the corrugated bulkhead 40 to facilitate the flow of bulk cargo downward.

[0019] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a mechanical blower 50 is installed on the upper deck 3A between the coamings. This mechanical blower 50 has a fan installed inside, and is a blower that can suck air from above and blow it downward as the fan rotates. The mechanical blower 50 shown in Figure 4 has a fan 53 that rotates by an electric motor 52 or the like inside a housing 51, a damper 54 is installed at the top inside the housing 51, and an outlet 55 is formed at the bottom of the housing 51. Note that the structure is not limited to the above, and known mechanical blowers or blowers of other structures can also be used.

[0020] As shown in Figure 4, the discharge port on the underside of the mechanical blower 50 faces a recess in the corrugated bulkhead 40, and the vertically extending recess in the corrugated bulkhead 40 serves as a ventilation duct that draws air into the hold. This eliminates the need for a dedicated ventilation duct, reducing the number of necessary hull structural members.

[0021] As shown in Figure 8, in each hold, an exhaust stack 60 for discharging air inside the hold outside the ship is provided near the corrugated bulkhead 40 opposite the corrugated bulkhead 40 on the side where the mechanical blower 50 is installed. The exhaust stack 60 is provided on the upper deck 3 next to the hatch. In the cargo ship S shown in the figure, cargo is unloaded on the starboard side using cranes on the port side, so the exhaust stack 60 is provided on the upper deck 3 on the port side. However, in the case of a cargo ship that unloads on the port side, the exhaust stack 60 may be provided on the upper deck 3 on the starboard side.

[0022] As shown in Figure 5, the exhaust tower 60 is a box-shaped structure with an exhaust port 62 formed in a housing 61. The housing 61 of the exhaust tower 60 is connected to the inside of the hold CH by an exhaust passage 64 formed in a pipe space 63. The exhaust passage 64 is a cavity formed by utilizing the space above the pipe space 63, and has an opening 67 that leads to the hold CH. Therefore, the air in the hold CH can be guided as shown by the arrow and exhausted overboard.

[0023] The bottom wall 66 of the exhaust passage 64 is inclined toward the inside of the hold CH, and the inclination angle θ is set to be larger than the angle of repose of the bulk cargo, such as limestone. Therefore, even if the limestone tower in the hold CH is sucked into the exhaust passage 64, it will not fall back into the hold CH and be discharged overboard. The pipe space 63 is a section where various pipes 68 that run through the ship are arranged together, so by forming an exhaust passage 64 in this section, there is no need to provide an additional dedicated exhaust space.

[0024] The housing 61 of the exhaust tower 60 is installed on the upper deck 3 to the side of the hatch (to the side in the width direction of the hull), and it is preferable to install a wave breaker in front of it (in front of the longitudinal direction of the hull), so that seawater will not enter the hold CH while sailing.

[0025] 6A and 6B, the air sent into the hold by the mechanical blower 50 is discharged outside the ship through the exhaust tower 60 as shown by the white arrows, so that the air moves sufficiently within the hold CH and does not stagnate. This allows the air within the hold CH to be sufficiently ventilated, and prevents problems such as condensation on the cargo in the hold.

[0026] As already described with reference to Figure 1, the mechanical blower 50 is installed on the inter-coaming upper deck 3A in the space 3S between the hatch coamings 20, 30 of the adjacent holds CH2, CH3. When the cargo ship S is underway, the hatches are covered with hatch covers 72, but the top of the space 3S is uncovered and open. This allows the mechanical blower 50 to draw in air without hindrance and send it into the holds CH.

[0027] This ventilation structure utilizes the dead space on the upper deck 3, thereby ensuring ample space in the hold CH. Furthermore, because the height of the mechanical blower 50 is lower than the height of the hatch coamings 20, 30, accidents such as damage to the grab bucket of the cargo handling crane due to contact with the cargo during cargo handling can be prevented. [Explanation of symbols]

[0028] 1. Bow 2 Stern 3 Upper Deck 4 Funabashi 7A Hatch cover 7B hatch cover 20 Hatch coaming of No. 2 hold CH2 30 Hatch coaming of hold 3 CH3 40 corrugated bulkhead 41 Recess 42 Convex place 43 Slant Plate 45 Lower Stool 50 Mechanical blower 51 Housing 52 Electric motor 53 Fans 60 Exhaust Stack 61 Housing 62 Exhaust port 63 Pipe Space

Claims

1. A cargo ship having two adjacent holds, a corrugated bulkhead with a corrugated cross section for separating the two holds, a hatch coaming provided at the top of each hold, and a retractable hatch cover for opening and closing the hatch coaming, A mechanical fan is installed on the upper surface of the upper deck in the space between the hatch coaming of one hold and the hatch coaming of the other hold, The height of the mechanical blower is lower than the height of the hatch coaming. A ventilation structure for a cargo hold on a cargo ship.

2. The mechanical blower is arranged so that the outlet on the lower surface thereof faces the recess in the corrugated partition wall.

2. The ventilation structure for a cargo hold of a cargo ship according to claim 1.

3. In each of the holds, an exhaust tower for discharging air from the hold to the outside is provided on the upper deck near the corrugated bulkhead opposite the corrugated bulkhead on the side where the mechanical blower is installed.

2. The ventilation structure for a cargo hold of a cargo ship according to claim 1.

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