Decorative laminate, transfer sheet, decorative member, and moving body

Abstract

To provide a decorative laminate having a three-dimensional effect, a transfer sheet, a decorative member, and a moving body.SOLUTION: A decorative laminate 10 includes a shaping layer 20. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13. In the unit optical element 13, a shaping surface includes a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B. An angle of the inclined surface 26A relative to a normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 is larger than an angle of the connecting surface 26B connected to the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A include first inclined surfaces 26A1 aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. The plurality of connecting surfaces 26B include first connecting surfaces 26B1 that connect adjacent first inclined surfaces 26A1. At least one of the unit optical elements 13 is a distortion unit optical element 231 in which the first reference line L1 is displaced from a geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a decorative laminate, a transfer sheet, a decorative member, and a moving body. [Background technology]

[0002] Decorative laminates are known for decorating interior and exterior products of automobiles (instrument panels, etc.), home appliances, houses, etc. (See, for example, Patent Document 1.) Patent Document 1 discloses a decorative laminate having an uneven pattern on its surface. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2020-179517 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, such decorative laminates are required to be able to express a variety of designs, particularly designs with a three-dimensional effect. A decorative laminate with a three-dimensional effect allows for a wide range of design expressions accompanied by a sense of luxury.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above points, and aims to provide a decorative laminate and a decorative member that have a three-dimensional effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the following [1] to

[26] .

[0007] [1] A decorative laminate having a shape-imparting layer, The shape-imparting layer has a shape-imparting surface on which a concave-convex structure is formed, The decorative laminate has at least one unit optical element that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light in accordance with the concave-convex structure, In the unit optical element, the shaping surface includes a plurality of inclined surfaces and a plurality of connecting surfaces connecting adjacent inclined surfaces, an angle of the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate is larger than an angle of the connecting surface connected to the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction; the plurality of inclined surfaces include first inclined surfaces aligned in a direction toward a first reference line extending along the normal direction and inclined toward the first reference line, the plurality of connection surfaces include first connection surfaces that connect adjacent first tilt surfaces, At least one of the unit optical elements is a distortion unit optical element in which the first reference line is offset from the geometric center of the unit optical element.

[0008] [2] the plurality of tilting surfaces are lens surfaces; The decorative laminate according to [1], wherein the plurality of connection surfaces are raised surfaces.

[0009] [3] The decorative laminate according to [1] or [2], which comprises a brightness adjusting layer covering the shaping surface.

[0010] [4] A decorative laminate described in any one of [1] to [3], wherein in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, the plurality of inclined surfaces include second inclined surfaces that are aligned in a direction toward a second reference line extending along the normal direction and inclined toward the second reference line, and the plurality of connecting surfaces include second connecting surfaces that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces.

[0011] [5] The decorative laminate according to [4], wherein in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, the second reference line is located at a position different from the position of the first reference line.

[0012] [6] The decorative laminate according to [4] or [5], wherein, when observed from the normal direction of at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, at least one of the first inclined surfaces is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line and is not located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line, and at least one of the second inclined surfaces is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line and is not located in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line.

[0013] [7] At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a second region in which the second tilting surface and the second connecting surface are arranged, The decorative laminate according to any one of [4] to [6], wherein the second region surrounds the first region when observed from the normal direction.

[0014] [8] At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a second region in which the second tilting surface and the second connecting surface are arranged, The decorative laminate according to any one of [4] to [6], wherein the first region surrounds the second region when observed from the normal direction.

[0015] [9] The decorative laminate according to any one of [4] to [8], wherein the second reference line passes through the geometric center of the distortion unit optical element.

[0016]

[10] The decorative laminate according to any one of [4] to [8], wherein the second reference line is offset from the geometric center of the distortion unit optical element.

[0017]

[11] A decorative laminate according to any one of [4] to

[10] , wherein at least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first lens region that functions as a lens centered on the first reference line, and a second lens region that functions as a lens centered on the second reference line.

[0018]

[12] At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a third region in which the shaping surface is a flat surface or a curved surface; The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the first region surrounds the third region when observed from the normal direction.

[0019]

[13] A decorative laminate described in any one of [1] to

[12] , wherein in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, the multiple first inclined surfaces form the shape of side surfaces at different height positions of a first cone or a first frustum, or parts of the side surfaces.

[0020]

[14] In a cross section of the unit optical element cut along an arbitrary plane including the first reference line, the standard deviation of the pitch of the first reference line-proximate inclined surface on one side of the first reference line is 5 μm or less and the standard deviation of the height is 1 μm or less, The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[13] , wherein the first reference line-adjacent inclined surface is a plurality of first inclined surfaces that are successively arranged in a position close to the first reference line.

[0021]

[15] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[14] , wherein the first inclined surface of at least one of the distortion unit optical elements forms a Fresnel lens structure.

[0022]

[16] the plurality of unit optical elements include at least a first unit optical element and a second unit optical element; A decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[15] , wherein the positional relationship between the first reference line and the geometric center of the first unit optical element is different from the positional relationship between the first reference line and the geometric center of the second unit optical element.

[0023]

[17] The decorative laminate has a plurality of unit design portions each having the same shape and including a plurality of the unit optical elements, The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[16] , wherein the distance between the geometric center of the unit design part and the first reference line of the unit optical element included in the unit design part is smaller than the distance between the geometric center of the unit design part and the geometric center of the unit optical element included in the unit design part.

[0024]

[18] The decorative laminate includes at least one row of unit optical elements including a plurality of the unit optical elements arranged in one direction from a first side to a second side, A decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[17] , wherein, among the plurality of unit optical elements included in the unit optical element row, the distance between the end of the unit optical element on the first side and the first reference line of the unit optical element is smaller for unit optical elements located closer to the first side.

[0025]

[19] The decorative laminate described in

[18] , wherein the plurality of unit optical elements included in the unit optical element row include a row-forming first unit optical element and a row-forming second unit optical element that is different in size from the row-forming first unit optical element.

[0026]

[20] A decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[19] , wherein, when observed from the normal direction, the geometric centers of the plurality of unit optical elements are aligned in a first direction perpendicular to the normal direction and in a second direction perpendicular to the normal direction and intersecting the first direction.

[0027] [twenty one] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[20] , which has gap regions formed between a plurality of the unit optical elements.

[0028] [twenty two] The decorative laminate according to

[21] , wherein the width of the gap region is 20 μm or more and 5000 μm or less.

[0029] [twenty three] A transfer substrate; A transfer sheet comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[22] .

[0030] [twenty four] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[22] , further comprising a backer layer that forms a front side or a back side of the decorative laminate.

[0031] [twenty five] A molding portion; The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[22] , which covers at least a part of the molded portion; A decorative member comprising:

[0032]

[26] A mobile object comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[22] . [Effects of the Invention]

[0033] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a decorative laminate and a decorative member having a three-dimensional effect can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0034] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a perspective view showing a moving body including a decorative member. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 1A, showing the decorative member in FIG. 1A together with a sensor. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a decorative member according to one embodiment. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2B is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing a modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2C] FIG. 2C is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2D] FIG. 2D is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2E]FIG. 2E is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2F] FIG. 2F is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2G] FIG. 2G is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2H] FIG. 2H is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2I] FIG. 2I is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2J] FIG. 2J is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2K] FIG. 2K is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2L] FIG. 2L is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2M] FIG. 2M is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 2N] FIG. 2N is a view corresponding to FIG. 2A, showing another modified example of the decorative member. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view showing the decorative laminate according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. [Figure 5A] FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a master mold for manufacturing a shaping mold according to one embodiment. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a master mold for manufacturing a shaping mold according to one embodiment. [Figure 5C] FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a master mold for manufacturing a shaping mold according to one embodiment. [Figure 6A] FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a shaping mold according to one embodiment. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a shaping mold according to one embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a shaping mold according to one embodiment and a shape-imparting layer shaped by the shaping mold. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative member according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative member according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative member according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative member according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative member according to an embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the first modification. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in the first modification. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in the first modification. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXI-XXI in FIG. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in the first modification. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in the first modification. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 25A] FIG. 25A is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 1. FIG. [Figure 25B] FIG. 25B is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 25C] FIG. 25C is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 25D] FIG. 25D is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in the first modification. [Figure 27] FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in the first modification. [Figure 28] FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the first modification. [Figure 29] FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXIX-XXIX in FIG. [Figure 30A] FIG. 30A is a diagram showing an example of a unit optical element in Modification 1. FIG. [Figure 30B] FIG. 30B is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 30C] FIG. 30C is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in Modification 1. As shown in FIG. [Figure 30D] FIG. 30D is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the first modification. [Figure 30E] FIG. 30E is a diagram showing an example of a virtual reflecting surface in Modification 1. In FIG. [Figure 31] FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the second modification. [Figure 32] FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the third modification. [Figure 33] FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the third modification. [Figure 34] FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the fourth modification. [Figure 35] FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXXV-XXXV in FIG. [Figure 36] FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of a distortion unit optical element in the fourth modification. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of a distortion unit optical element in the fourth modification. [Figure 38] FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an example of a distortion unit optical element in the fourth modification. [Figure 39] FIG. 39 is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the fifth modification. [Figure 40] FIG. 40 is an enlarged plan view showing the reflective layer of the decorative laminate shown in FIG. [Figure 41A] FIG. 41A is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 5. FIG. [Figure 41B] FIG. 41B is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the fifth modification. [Figure 41C] FIG. 41C is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 5. As shown in FIG. [Figure 41D] FIG. 41D is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the fifth modification. [Figure 41E] FIG. 41E is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 5. As shown in FIG. [Figure 41F] FIG. 41F is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to Modification 5. As shown in FIG. [Figure 41G] FIG. 41G is a diagram showing an example of a decorative laminate according to the fifth modification. [Figure 41H] FIG. 41H is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative laminate according to the modified example shown in FIG. 41G. [Figure 41I] FIG. 41I is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative laminate according to the modified example shown in FIG. 41G. [Figure 41J] FIG. 41J is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative laminate according to the modified example shown in FIG. 41G. [Figure 41K] FIG. 41K is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative member according to the modified example shown in FIG. 2J. [Figure 41L] FIG. 41L is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative member according to the modified example shown in FIG. 2J. [Figure 42] FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing a decorative member according to the sixth modification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings accompanying this specification, the scale and aspect ratios have been appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual objects for the sake of ease of illustration and understanding.

[0036] To clarify the directional relationships between the drawings, common directions are indicated in several drawings by arrows with common symbols. Arrows pointing into the paper in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing are indicated by a symbol with an X in a circle, as shown in FIG. 1B, for example. Furthermore, arrows pointing toward the viewer in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing are indicated by a symbol with a dot in a circle, as shown in FIG. 3, for example. The number of tilting surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B, which will be described later, may be varied from one drawing to another, in order to simplify the drawings.

[0037] Terms used in this specification that specify shapes, geometric conditions, and their degrees, such as "parallel," "perpendicular," "identical," and "similar," as well as values ​​of lengths and angles, are not limited to their strict meanings but are interpreted to include the range of degrees to which similar functions can be expected.

[0038] In this specification, terms such as "film," "sheet," and "plate" are not distinguished from one another solely on the basis of differences in name. For example, a "transfer sheet" cannot be distinguished from a member called a transfer film solely on the basis of differences in name.

[0039] In this specification, when multiple upper limit candidates and multiple lower limit candidate values ​​are listed for a certain parameter, the numerical range of the parameter may be constructed by combining any one upper limit candidate with any one lower limit candidate. As an example, consider the following statement: "Parameter B may be greater than or equal to A1, greater than or equal to A2, or greater than or equal to A3. Parameter B may be less than or equal to A4, less than or equal to A5, or less than or equal to A6." In this example, the numerical range of parameter B may be greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A5, greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A6, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A5, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A6, greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A5, or greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A6.

[0040] In this specification, "suppress" means to restrain or prevent something from happening or occurring. "Suppress" does not only mean to completely prevent something from happening or occurring, but also means to reduce the possibility of something happening or occurring or to make something less likely to happen or occur.

[0041] 1A, 1B, 2A, and 3 to 12 are diagrams illustrating one embodiment. Of these, FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an application example of a decorative member 3 including a decorative laminate 10. The decorative laminate 10 is formed in a sheet shape and is also called a decorative sheet. The decorative laminate 10 displays a design and imparts the design to an article to which the decorative laminate 10 is applied (the decorative member 3 in the example shown in FIG. 1A).

[0042] In the example shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a decorative member 3 is used in a mobile body 1. In the illustrated example, the decorative member 3 is installed on a front panel 2 of the mobile body 1. As will be described later, the decorative member 3 includes a decorative laminate 10. Therefore, the mobile body 1 equipped with the decorative member 3 also includes the decorative laminate 10. The front panel 2 is formed as a front grille in an engine vehicle. On the other hand, in an electric vehicle, a heat exchanger that should be air-cooled, such as a radiator, may not be installed. Therefore, the front panel 2 does not have to be formed as a grille with a large number of holes formed therein.

[0043] An embodiment will be described below with reference to specific application examples shown in the drawings. The moving body 1 shown in FIG. 1A is an automobile. However, the moving body 1 to which the decorative member 3 is applied is not limited to automobiles. The decorative member 3 can also be applied to other moving bodies 1 that are movable devices. Examples of moving bodies 1 other than automobiles include railroad cars, dollies, ships, airplanes, helicopters, drones, and robots. The decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 may be used in the interior of a moving body. The decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 can also be applied to building materials such as interior materials, exterior materials, ceiling materials, and floor materials, as well as home appliance cases, communication device housings, cosmetic containers, and the like. More specifically, the decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 can also be applied to smartphone housings and smartphone covers.

[0044] <<Decorative materials>> The overall configuration of the decorative member 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 1B. As shown in FIG. 1B, the decorative member 3 has a front side surface 3a and a back side surface 3b opposite the front side surface 3a. The front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b extend along a front side surface 66 and a back side surface 67 of a molded portion 65, respectively, as described below. In the illustrated example, the front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b extend planarly in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy perpendicular to the X direction Dx. The front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b face each other in the Z direction Dz perpendicular to both the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy. The Z direction Dz coincides with the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. However, this is not limited to this example, and the front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b may be curved. The direction perpendicular to the normal direction (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 is referred to as the planar direction.

[0045] 1B, the decorative member 3 includes a molded portion 65 and a decorative laminate 10 that covers at least a portion of the molded portion 65. In the example shown in FIG. 1B, the molded portion 65 and the decorative laminate 10 are laminated in this order in a direction from the back surface 3b toward the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3 (Z direction Dz). In the example shown in FIG. 1B, the decorative member 3 is disposed facing the sensor 5. In the example shown in FIG. 1B, the molded portion 65 faces the sensor 5, and the decorative laminate 10 faces the viewer 6.

[0046] The decorative laminate 10 has a front side surface 11 and a back side surface 12. In the example shown in FIG. 1B , the front side surface 11 forms the front side surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The back side surface 12 faces the back side surface 3b (the molded portion 65 side) of the decorative member 3. The front side surface 11 and the back side surface 12 extend along the front side surface 66 of the molded portion 65, which will be described later. In the example shown, the front side surface 11 and the back side surface 12 extend in a planar shape in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy, respectively. The front side surface 11 and the back side surface 12 face each other in the Z direction Dz. However, this is not limited to this example, and the front side surface 11 and the back side surface 12 may also be curved.

[0047] The molded portion 65 has a front side surface 66 and a rear side surface 67. The rear side surface 67 forms the rear side surface 3b of the decorative member 3. The front side surface 66 faces the front side surface 3a side of the decorative member 3 (the decorative laminate 10 side). In the illustrated example, the front side surface 66 and the rear side surface 67 extend in a planar shape in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy, respectively. The front side surface 66 and the rear side surface 67 face each other in the Z direction Dz. However, this is not limiting, and the front side surface 66 and the rear side surface 67 may also be curved.

[0048] The molded portion 65 may be formed from various materials such as a resin material or glass. There are no particular limitations on the resin material that forms the molded portion 65. Examples of resin materials that can be used to form the molded portion 65 include polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-diene-styrene (AES), and acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA).

[0049] The molded portion 65 may be colored. In this case, a desired color can be imparted to the decorative member 3. The molded portion 65 may be transparent or opaque. When the molded portion 65 is opaque, it can conceal at least a portion of the article to which the decorative member 3 is applied. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1B, the opaque molded portion 65 allows the decorative member 3 to conceal the sensor 5. The colored molded portion 65 can be made of the same material as the colored layer 45 described below. The molded portion 65 may be molded, for example, by injection molding.

[0050] As used herein, "transparent" means that the total light transmittance is 50% or more when measured using a haze meter ("HM-150N" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, Inc., compliant with JIS K7361:1997). Materials and members referred to as being transparent in this specification preferably have a total light transmittance of 80% or more when measured by the above-mentioned method.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 1B , the decorative member 3 may be disposed facing a sensor 5 that uses electromagnetic waves with wavelengths longer than visible light. For example, the sensor 5 may monitor the surroundings of the mobile object 1. The detection results of the sensor 5 may be transmitted to a control device 4 of the mobile object 1. The control device 4 may issue an alarm or control the movement of the mobile object 1 based on the detection results of the sensor 5. For example, the sensor 5 may detect an obstacle ahead of the mobile object 1. The sensor 5 may be capable of emitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. The sensor 5 can detect the presence or distance of an obstacle by receiving waves reflected by the obstacle. The sensor 5 may be a millimeter-wave radar device. The millimeter-wave radar device may use millimeter waves with a wavelength of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less as electromagnetic waves. Alternatively, the sensor 5 may be a lidar device. The lidar device may use infrared rays as electromagnetic waves.

[0052] The sensor 5 faces the back side surface 3b of the decorative member 3. The electromagnetic waves used by the sensor 5 pass through the decorative member 3 along the Z direction Dz. In the example shown in FIG. 1B, the front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b serve as the emission and incidence surfaces of the electromagnetic waves. It is preferable that the front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b are flat surfaces at least in the region facing the sensor 5 in the Z direction Dz. By making the front side surface 3a and the back side surface 3b flat surfaces, a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor 5 due to diffusion of the electromagnetic waves can be suppressed.

[0053] <<Decorative laminate>> Next, the decorative laminate 10 will be described in more detail. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a decorative member 3 according to one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the decorative laminate 10. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the decorative laminate 10 around a unit optical element 13 (described later), particularly a unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 13K in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the decorative laminate 10, particularly showing only a shape-imparting layer 20 and a brightness adjustment layer 30 (described later) of the decorative laminate 10. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the decorative laminate 10 includes a shape-imparting layer 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the shape-imparting layer 20 has a shape-imparting surface 20a on which a relief structure 25 is formed. The shape-imparting layer 20 has a non-shape-imparting surface 20b located opposite the shape-imparting surface 20a. The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 2A and 4 further includes a brightness adjustment layer 30. The brightness adjustment layer 30 covers the shape-imparting surface 20a. As shown in FIG. 3, the decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13. Each unit optical element 13 reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light in accordance with the uneven structure 25 of the shaping surface 20a. In the decorative laminate 10 of the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2A, each unit optical element 13 reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts light incident on the front side surface 3a in accordance with the uneven structure 25 of the shaping surface 20a (not shown in FIG. 2A). This allows the decorative laminate 10 to express a three-dimensional effect that is greater than the thickness of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, the design of the decorative laminate 10 is improved. In the illustrated example, the decorative laminate 10 has multiple unit optical elements 13. This allows the decorative laminate 10 to be given a complex design by combining multiple unit optical elements 13.

[0054] The decorative laminate 10 may include other layers. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 2A , the decorative laminate 10 includes a bonding layer 38 and a functional layer 37. In this example, the bonding layer 38, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the functional layer 37 are laminated in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In this example, the functional layer 37 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the bonding layer 38 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The shape-imparting layer 20 is disposed between the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 and the brightness adjustment layer 30. The brightness adjustment layer 30 is disposed between the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10 and the shape-imparting layer 20. The shape-imparting layer 20 may form the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The brightness adjustment layer 30 may form the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0055] <Shaping layer> The shaping layer 20 will now be described. The shaping layer 20 plays a role in enabling rich design expression by expressing a three-dimensional effect greater than the thickness of the shaping layer 20. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit shaping element 23. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the shaping layer 20 has multiple unit shaping elements 23. By including multiple unit shaping elements 23 in the shaping layer 20, multiple unit optical elements 13 can be formed in the decorative laminate 10. One unit shaping element 23 corresponds to one unit optical element 13. On the shaping surface 20a, each unit shaping element 23 has a concave-convex structure 25. The concave-convex structure 25 can be formed by shaping the shaping layer 20 using a shaping mold 100, which will be described later. In the illustrated example, the shaping surface 20a is covered with a single covering layer. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the shaping surface 20a is covered with a brightness adjusting layer 30. In this case, the brightness adjusting layer 30 corresponds to a single coating layer that covers the shaping surface 20a. In this embodiment, a reflective interface 36 is formed between the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 and the coating layer that covers the shaping surface 20a.

[0056] The uneven structure 25 formed on the shaping surface 20a imparts an optical effect corresponding to the uneven structure 25 to light incident on the unit optical elements 13. The unit optical elements 13 reflect, refract, and / or diffract the incident light according to the uneven structure 25. In the illustrated example, the shape of the uneven structure 25 is determined so as to converge and / or diverge parallel light incident on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. All or part of each unit optical element 13 may be configured to converge light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In this specification, a lens configured to converge light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is referred to as a "convex lens." A convex lens is a lens configured to provide an optical effect similar to that of a convex mirror. A lens configured to diverge light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is referred to as a "concave lens." A concave lens is a lens configured to provide an optical effect similar to that of a concave mirror. In the example shown in FIG. 4, when the decorative laminate 10 is observed from the front surface 11 side, the entire unit optical element 13 functions as a convex lens. A portion of the unit optical element 13 may function as a convex lens. The entire or a portion of the unit optical element 13 may function as a concave lens. By making the entire or a portion of the unit optical element 13 function as a convex or concave lens, the decorative laminate 10 can express a design with more depth than the actual thickness of the decorative laminate 10. This allows the decorative laminate 10 to express a three-dimensional effect. Therefore, the decorative laminate 10 can realize a rich design expression accompanied by a luxurious feel.

[0057] The dimensions of each unit shaping element 23 in a planar view of the decorative laminate 10 (and therefore the dimensions of each unit optical element 13) are not particularly limited and can be set appropriately depending on the design expressed by the decorative laminate 10. However, from the viewpoint of making the visual effect of the unit optical elements 13 effective, it is preferable that each unit shaping element 23 has a size that allows each to be distinguished with the naked eye. Specifically, the shortest length of the unit shaping element 23 may be 1.0 mm or more, 10 mm or more, or 20 mm or more. Furthermore, the longest length of the unit shaping element 23 may be 200 mm or less, or 100 mm or less. The dimensions of each unit shaping element 23 in a planar view of the decorative laminate 10 may be 1.0 mm or more and 200 mm or less.

[0058] In the unit optical element 13, the shaping surface 20a includes a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B connecting adjacent inclined surfaces 26A. In the example shown in Figures 3 and 4, each unit shaping element 23 corresponding to each unit optical element 13 has a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B. As a result, a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B are formed in each unit optical element 13.

[0059] The multiple inclined surfaces 26A are aligned in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the reference line. The multiple connecting surfaces 26B connect adjacent inclined surfaces 26A. In the illustrated example, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include a first inclined surface 26A1 that is aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and is inclined toward the first reference line L1. In the illustrated example, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include a multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1. With regard to the first inclined surfaces 26A1, "aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1" means the following: Consider a cross section of the unit optical element 13 cut along any plane including the first reference line L1. A plane including the first reference line L1 is a plane that is parallel to and passes through the first reference line L1. FIG. 4 corresponds to a cross section of the unit optical element 13 taken along a plane including the first reference line L1. "Aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1" means that, in any of the above cross sections, the first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. In other words, the first inclined surfaces 26A1 have a shape that can be said to be aligned in a direction toward the virtual first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. The unit optical element 13 including multiple inclined surfaces 26A aligned in a direction toward the reference line and inclined toward the reference line includes unit optical elements 13 including a first inclined surface 26A1 aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1, and a second inclined surface 26A2 aligned in a direction toward the second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2, as described below.

[0060] The plurality of tilting surfaces 26A and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B provide the light incident on the unit optical element 13 with an optical effect according to the shapes of the plurality of tilting surfaces 26A and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B.

[0061] In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces. In other words, the inclined surfaces 26A correspond to lens surfaces obtained by dividing a continuous lens surface along planes perpendicular to the thickness direction. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the connecting surfaces 26B are raised surfaces. In other words, the connecting surfaces 26B correspond to raised surfaces connecting adjacent lens surfaces. This concave-convex structure 25 allows the unit optical elements 13 to function as lenses. Furthermore, this concave-convex structure 25 effectively prevents the increase in thickness of the decorative laminate 10 caused by the unit optical elements 13 functioning as lenses. For example, as in the illustrated example, when the decorative member 3 is used in a vehicle front grille, the decorative member 3 may be required to be thin in order to reduce weight. Furthermore, when the decorative member 3 is disposed facing a sensor 5, the decorative laminate 10 is required to allow electromagnetic waves emitted from the sensor 5 to pass through the decorative member 3 with high transmittance. In this case, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative laminate 10. The inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces and the connecting surfaces 26B are rise surfaces, so that the unit optical elements 13 function as lenses. This allows the area of ​​the decorative laminate 10 where the unit optical elements 13 are located to have a three-dimensional effect that is greater than the thickness of the decorative laminate 10.

[0062] The shaping surface 20a forms a reflective interface 36 that reflects light. In the example shown in FIG. 4, a reflective interface 36 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the uneven structure 25 of the shaping surface 20a is formed between the shaping surface 20a and the brightness adjustment layer 30 that covers the shaping surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the reflective interface 36 is formed at the position of the shaping surface 20a. Although not shown, the reflective interface 36 may be formed at a position away from the shaping surface 20a in the normal direction of the inclined surface 26A of the decorative laminate 10. In other words, the position of the shaping surface 20a formed by shaping and the position of the reflective interface 36 that has a shape corresponding to the shape of the shaping surface 20a and reflects light may be different.

[0063] The angle of the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 is larger than the angle of the connecting surface 26B connected to the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. Specifically, the angle θC of the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction, which will be described below, is larger than the angle θB of the connecting surface 26B connected to the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The maximum value of the inclination angle θA of the tangent plane contacting the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 is the angle θC. The maximum value of the inclination angle of the tangent plane contacting the connecting surface 26B adjacent to the inclined surface 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 is the angle θB. The angle θB is also referred to as the rise angle θB. If the inclined surface 26A has a portion perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and the connecting surface 26B does not have a portion perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the angle θC is considered to be greater than the angle θB.

[0064] In the example shown in FIG. 4, a portion of the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 that forms the unit optical elements 13 forms a curved surface 25a that protrudes from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the concave-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 has a Fresnel lens structure. In this case, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A correspond to multiple lens surfaces obtained by dividing the lens surface of a curved lens, such as a spherical lens or a cylindrical lens, into multiple parts along surfaces perpendicular to the thickness direction (optical axis direction) of the curved lens. The multiple connecting surfaces 26B correspond to rise surfaces connecting the multiple lens surfaces. In this embodiment, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A of each unit optical element 13 form a linear Fresnel lens structure. As a result, the concave-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 has a structure combining linear Fresnel lenses. Therefore, when the decorative laminate 10 is observed from the front surface 11 side, the entire unit optical element 13 functions as a convex lens. Each unit optical element 13 in this embodiment has an optical axis Ax.

[0065] In the illustrated example, the multiple unit shaping elements 23 have the same shape in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10. Therefore, the multiple unit optical elements 13 have the same shape in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10. In the illustrated example, the multiple unit optical elements 13 are regularly arranged. Therefore, the multiple unit optical elements 13 are regularly arranged.

[0066] 3 and 4, the unit optical element 13 includes a first region 234. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the multiple unit optical elements 13 includes the first region 234. As described above, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include the first inclined surfaces 26A1. The multiple connecting surfaces 26B include first connecting surfaces 26B1 that connect adjacent first inclined surfaces 26A1. In the illustrated example, the multiple connecting surfaces 26B include multiple first connecting surfaces 26B1. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the angle of the first inclined surface 26A1 with respect to the normal direction (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 is larger than the angle of the first connecting surface 26B1 connected to the first inclined surface 26A1 with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged in the first region 234. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first tilting surface 26A1 is a flat surface. The multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 correspond to multiple lens surfaces obtained by dividing a continuous lens surface along a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction. The multiple first connecting surfaces 26B1 correspond to rise surfaces connecting the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 corresponding to the multiple lens surfaces. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 is configured to have a function corresponding to the function of each of the multiple curved surfaces formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. By adjusting the inclination of the multiple flat first tilting surfaces 26A1, each of the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 can be configured to have a function corresponding to the function of each of the multiple curved surfaces formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. Although not shown, each of the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 may be a curved surface formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. Such a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 allows the unit optical element 13 to function as a convex lens while keeping the thickness of the shape-imparting layer 20 small.

[0067] As described above, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the first reference line L1. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 aligned consecutively at positions close to the first reference line L1 are referred to as first-reference-line-proximate inclined surfaces. In particular, the first-reference-line-proximate inclined surfaces are the ten first inclined surfaces 26A1 closest to the first reference line L1 among the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 aligned in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. When the number of first inclined surfaces 26A1 included in one unit optical element 13 is less than ten, the first-reference-line-proximate inclined surfaces are all of the first inclined surfaces 26A1 included in that unit optical element 13.

[0068] As an example, in a cross section of the unit optical element 13 cut along any plane including the first reference line L1, the standard deviation of the pitch of the first-reference-line-proximate inclined surface on one side of the first reference line L1 is 5 μm or less and the standard deviation of the height is 1 μm or less. FIG. 4 corresponds to a cross section of the unit optical element 13 cut along a plane including the first reference line L1. In this case, the standard deviation of the pitch P of the first-reference-line-proximate inclined surface, i.e., the first inclined surface 26A1 of the 10 closest to the first reference line L1, on one side of the first reference line L1 (to the right or left of the first reference line L1 in FIG. 4) may be 5 μm or less and the standard deviation of the height H26 may be 1 μm or less. A decorative laminate 10 having such unit optical elements 13 can realize a three-dimensional design that has not been achieved before.

[0069] In the example shown in FIG. 3 , in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the concavo-convex structure 25 has an inclined surface 26A that extends along at least a portion of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical elements 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , a first inclined surface 26A1 extends along the outer contour 23a of the unit optical elements 13. This effectively highlights the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , a gap region 24 is formed between adjacent unit optical elements 13. This also effectively highlights the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the multiple unit optical elements 13 have outer contours 23a that are equilateral triangular in plan view. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the multiple unit optical elements 13 are regularly arranged so that the three sides that form the outer contour 23a of one unit optical element 13 all face the sides that form the outer contour 23a of another unit optical element 13.

[0070] In the example shown in Fig. 4, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 that extends along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the first reference line L1, which serves as a reference for the inclination direction of the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 in each unit optical element 13, coincides with the optical axis Ax of each unit optical element 13. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the first reference line L1 passes through the vertex of the curved surface 25a of the concave-convex structure 25 that protrudes from the back side surface 12 toward the front side surface 11.

[0071] In the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first region 234 extends across the entirety of one of the unit optical elements 13. In other words, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has the first region 234, but does not have the second region 235 described below. In further other words, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a first inclined surface 26A1 and a first connecting surface 26B1, but does not have a second inclined surface 26A2 and a second connecting surface 26B2 described below. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the concavo-convex structure 25 in each unit optical element 13 has a Fresnel lens structure. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 form the Fresnel lens structure.

[0072] In this embodiment, in at least one of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10, the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. A unit optical element 13 whose first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is referred to as a distorted unit optical element 231. In other words, at least one of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10 is a distorted unit optical element 231. In this embodiment, the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is the geometric center GC of the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The position of the reflective interface 36 through which the first reference line L1 passes is referred to as a first position 361. In the distorted unit optical element 231, the first reference line L1 is displaced from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13, and therefore the first position 361 is also displaced from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13.

[0073] The two-dot chain line shown in Fig. 4 indicates the shape of a virtual reflecting surface having the same optical effect as the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 4. A virtual reflecting surface having the same optical effect as the unit optical element 13, such as the two-dot chain line shown in Fig. 4, is also referred to as a virtual reflecting surface 27. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the virtual reflecting surface 27 has a shape similar to that of a convex mirror. That is, in the example shown in Fig. 4, the unit optical element 13, which is the distortion unit optical element 231, functions as a convex lens.

[0074] In the decorative laminate 10 of this embodiment, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form a Fresnel lens structure in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A of the unit optical element 13, which is the distortion unit optical element 231, form a linear Fresnel lens structure. Therefore, in the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 4, the virtual reflecting surface 27 has a shape corresponding to the shape of a part of the side surface of a cylinder.

[0075] The unit optical elements 13 function as lenses, thereby providing a decorative laminate 10 with a three-dimensional appearance. For example, an observer of the decorative laminate 10 can perceive the first position 361 of the reflective interface 36 and the surrounding area of ​​the first position 361 as being significantly separated in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. As an example, consider the case where the unit optical elements 13 function as convex lenses and an observer observes the decorative laminate 10 from the front surface 11 side. In this case, the observer can perceive the first position 361 of the reflective interface 36 as being located closer to the observer than the surrounding area of ​​the first position 361. Here, in the distortion unit optical element 231, the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13, thereby achieving the following effect. In the distortion unit optical element 231, the first position 361 of the reflective interface 36, which appears to be significantly separated from the surrounding area in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, is offset from the geometric center GC. This allows for unprecedented design expression with a three-dimensional feel.

[0076] In the distorted unit optical element 231 designated by the reference symbol 13K in FIG. 3, the first position 361 of the reflective interface 36 is located to the lower right of the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In this case, the observer may perceive the reflective interface 36 as distorted rather than flat. In particular, the observer may perceive an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 from the outer contour 23a on the upper left side of the drawing in the planar direction to the first position 361. By presenting such an inclined surface using the distorted unit optical element 231, a three-dimensional design expression not previously seen can be realized.

[0077] 3, the distortion unit optical element 231 functions as a convex lens. In this case, the viewer can see an inclined surface that approaches the front side surface 11 in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 as it moves from the outer contour 23a on the upper left side of the drawing toward the first position 361 in the planar direction.

[0078] Let us consider the case where the distortion unit optical element 231 functions as a concave lens and an observer observes the decorative laminate 10 from the front surface 11 side. In this case, the observer may feel that the first position 361 of the reflective interface 36 is located deeper than the area surrounding the first position 361. When the distortion unit optical element 231 functions as a concave lens, the following effect is obtained by displacing the first position 361 from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. The observer may see an inclined surface that appears to get closer to the back surface 12 in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 as it moves from the outer contour 23a toward the first position 361 in the planar direction.

[0079] When observing the decorative laminate 10 from the normal direction, the distance w1 between the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 3 and the first reference line L1 is 10% or more of the maximum width w2 of the unit optical element 13. The distance w1 may be 25% or more, or even 50% or more, of the width w2. As described above, a large ratio of the distance w1 to the width w2 allows the observer to perceive the reflective interface 36 as being more distorted. The distance w1 is preferably 85% or less of the width w2. This allows the observer to more effectively view the design expression provided by the unit optical element 13. In particular, the observer can also observe the reflective interface 36 located near the outer contour 23a.

[0080] 3, the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the first unit optical element 233a is different from the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the second unit optical element 233b. Therefore, at least one of the first unit optical element 233a and the second unit optical element 233b is a distortion unit optical element 231.

[0081] Cases in which the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is different include cases in which the distance w1 between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is different. The unit optical element 13 labeled with the reference symbol 233a in FIG. 3 is defined as the first unit optical element 233a. In this case, the first unit optical element 233a and the unit optical element 13 labeled with the reference symbol 13L differ in the distance w1 between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 labeled with the reference symbol 13L corresponds to the second unit optical element 233b.

[0082] Examples of cases where the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is different include cases where the direction in which the first reference line L1 is located is different with respect to the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. The first unit optical element 233a and the unit optical element 13 denoted by reference numeral 236 have different directions in which the first reference line L1 is located with respect to the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , in the first unit optical element 233a, the first reference line L1 is located on the lower right side of the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the drawing. In the unit optical element 13 denoted by reference numeral 236, the first reference line L1 is located on the lower left side of the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the drawing. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 denoted by reference numeral 236 corresponds to the second unit optical element 233b.

[0083] The positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the first unit optical element 233a is different from the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in the second unit optical element 233b, thereby achieving the following effects: At least one of the first unit optical element 233a and the second unit optical element 233b is a distortion unit optical element 231. As described above, the distortion unit optical element 231 can give the viewer the impression that an inclined surface is formed from the outer contour 23a to the first reference line L1, inclined with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The combination of the first unit optical element 233a and the second unit optical element 233b can express a more complex concave-convex shape with a three-dimensional feel.

[0084] The multiple unit optical elements 13 may include multiple distorted unit optical elements 231 having different positional relationships between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This can give the viewer the impression that multiple inclined surfaces inclined in various directions are formed. The positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in all of the unit optical elements 13 in the shape-imparting layer 20 may be different. In other words, the shape-imparting layer 20 does not need to have two or more unit optical elements 13 having the same positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This can express even more complex concave-convex shapes.

[0085] When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, a unit optical element 13 whose first reference line L1 overlaps with the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is referred to as a non-distorted unit optical element 232. The shape of the non-distorted unit optical element 232 corresponds to the shape of the distorted unit optical element 231 obtained by deforming the distorted unit optical element 231 so that the first reference line L1 overlaps with the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the shape of the outer contour 23a of the distorted unit optical element 231 and the shape of the outer contour 23a of the non-distorted unit optical element 232 are identical. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the optical axis Ax of the non-distorted unit optical element 232 overlaps with the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Although not shown, the shape-imparting layer 20 does not necessarily have to include a non-distorted unit optical element 232. That is, all of the multiple unit optical elements 13 may be distorted unit optical elements 231.

[0086] When a plurality of unit optical elements 13 are regularly arranged as shown in Fig. 3, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 in a planar view may also be regularly arranged. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be aligned in a first direction D1 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and in a second direction D2 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and intersects with the first direction D1. In the example shown in Fig. 3, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are aligned in the first direction D1 and in a second direction D2 that forms an angle of 60° with the first direction D1. In this embodiment, the distance between the geometric centers GC of adjacent unit optical elements 13 is substantially uniform.

[0087] Although not shown, the direction in which the first reference line L1 is located with respect to the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 may be the same for all of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10. Although not shown, the distance w1 between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 may be the same for all of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10. Although not shown, the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 may be the same for all of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10. In this case, all of the unit optical elements 13 in the decorative laminate 10 are distorted unit optical elements 231.

[0088] As described above, each unit optical element 13 in this embodiment has an optical axis Ax. When each unit optical element 13 has an optical axis Ax in this manner, the arrangement of the optical axes Ax of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be regular or irregular. When the arrangement of the optical axes Ax is regular, the distance between the optical axes Ax of adjacent unit optical elements 13 may be substantially uniform. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the distance between the optical axes Ax of the unit optical elements 13 is not uniform.

[0089] In this embodiment, the decorative laminate 10 has gap regions 24 formed between a plurality of unit optical elements 13. In the illustrated example, the gap regions 24 are formed between adjacent unit optical elements 13. More specifically, one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 13K and one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 237 are adjacent to each other with the gap region 24 sandwiched between them. The gap region 24 is formed between the sides 23b of the outer contours 23a of the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 13K and the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 237. The width of the gap region is, for example, 20 μm or more and 5000 μm or less. This makes it possible to effectively highlight the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13.

[0090] 3, in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A of the distortion unit optical element 231 include similar inclined surfaces 26A3 having a shape similar to the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. The multiple inclined surfaces 26A include parallel inclined surfaces 26A4 extending parallel to one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. This makes it possible to form the inclined surfaces 26A over a wide range of the distortion unit optical element 231 while shifting the first reference line L1 from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This makes it possible to effectively highlight the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13.

[0091] As an example, the concave-convex structure 25 in each unit optical element 13 has a structure in which linear Fresnel lenses are combined. In the example shown in Fig. 3, each inclined surface 26A in each unit optical element 13 includes a portion that extends linearly parallel to one of the sides 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 between the optical axis Ax of the unit optical element 13 and the side 23b. This makes it possible to effectively highlight the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13.

[0092] Each unit optical element 13 can be designed appropriately depending on the function required of the decorative laminate 10 or the design to be expressed by the decorative laminate 10. When the decorative member 3 is disposed facing the sensor 5, as in the illustrated example, the decorative laminate 10 is required to allow electromagnetic waves emitted from the sensor 5 to pass through the decorative member 3 with high transmittance. In this case, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative laminate 10. The design to be expressed by the decorative laminate 10 may vary depending on the application of the decorative laminate 10. For example, when the decorative laminate 10 is used as an exterior material for a mobile object 1, it is preferable to suppress the generation of rainbow light on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. On the other hand, it may be preferable to design the decorative laminate 10 so that rainbow light is generated on the front surface 11.

[0093] When the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 is reduced while still achieving a three-dimensional effect greater than or equal to the thickness of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and even more preferably 1 μm or more. Furthermore, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 25 μm or less, and even more preferably 10 μm or less. Therefore, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 may be 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. By setting the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 to 1 μm or more, the visibility of the design displayed by optical action can be further improved. In this specification, the "height H25 of the concave-convex structure" refers to the maximum value of the height (dimension in the Z direction Dz) H26 (see FIG. 4) of the inclined surfaces 26A or connecting surfaces 26B that form the concave-convex structure.

[0094] In order to prevent rainbow light from appearing on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably greater than 1.0 μm.

[0095] To prevent rainbow light from occurring on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 (also referred to as the pitch P of the inclined surfaces 26A) is preferably 7.5 μm or more, more preferably 12 μm or more, and even more preferably 15 μm or more. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of realizing a reduction in the size of the unit optical elements 13, the pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less, and even more preferably 20 μm or less. Therefore, the pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 7.5 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0096] On the other hand, when it is desired to generate rainbow light on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.1 μm or more, and more preferably 0.5 μm or more. In this case, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 1.0 μm or less. Therefore, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 1.0 μm or less.

[0097] When it is desired to generate rainbow light on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the pitch P of the uneven structure 25 is preferably less than 7.5 μm, more preferably 5 μm or less, and even more preferably 2 μm or less.

[0098] From the viewpoint of forming the concave-convex structure 25 with high precision, the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and even more preferably 1.5 μm or more. From the same viewpoint, the pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 2 μm or more, more preferably 4 μm or more, and even more preferably 8 μm or more.

[0099] The pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 may be equal to or different from one another. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the pitch P of the concave-convex structure 25 varies depending on the distance from the optical axis Ax of the concave-convex structure 25. Specifically, the pitch P decreases as the distance from the optical axis Ax increases. The height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25, the height H26 of the inclined surface 26A, and the pitch P can be measured by observing an image of a cross section of the decorative laminate 10 using a scanning electron microscope.

[0100] When the non-shaping surface 20b of the shaping layer 20 forms the front side 3a of the decorative member 3, the ratio (T / H25) of the thickness T of the shaping layer 20 to the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 1.5 or more. T / H25 is more preferably 1.8 or more, and even more preferably 2.5 or more. When T / H25 is in the above range, damage to the uneven structure 25 due to external forces applied to the front side 3a of the decorative member 3 can be suppressed. When T / H25 is 1.5 or more, the shaping layer 20 has a sufficient thickness, making it particularly easy to shape the uneven structure 25 using the shaping mold 100.

[0101] From the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 due to an increase in the thickness of the shaping layer 20, T / H25 is preferably 8.0 or less. T / H25 is more preferably 6.0 or less, and even more preferably 4.0 or less. In this specification, "thickness T of the shaping layer 20" refers to the maximum value of the distance T1 (see FIG. 4) between the non-shaping surface 20b and the top of the inclined surface 26A or the connecting surface 26B in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The distance T1 between the non-shaping surface 20b and the tops of the multiple inclined surfaces 26A or the multiple connecting surfaces 26B may be uniform.

[0102] As described above, the concave-convex structure 25 of this embodiment has a Fresnel lens structure. The concave-convex structure 25 of this embodiment has a focal point. When the concave-convex structure 25 has a focal point, the focal length of the concave-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less. The focal length of the concave-convex structure 25 is more preferably 2 mm or more and 250 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or more and 150 mm or less. This makes it possible to effectively express a three-dimensional effect that is greater than the thickness of the mold-imparting layer 20 in the region where the unit optical elements 13 of the mold-imparting layer 20 are provided. This makes it possible to realize a rich design expression with a luxurious feel.

[0103] The focal length of the concave-convex structure 25 of at least one of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be different from the focal lengths of the concave-convex structures 25 of the other unit optical elements 13. This allows the viewer to perceive the positions of the unit optical elements 13 in the Z direction Dz as different from one another. This makes it possible to realize a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before.

[0104] The rise angle θB (see FIG. 4) of the concave-convex structure 25 can be set as appropriate. The connection surface 26B may extend in the Z direction Dz parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, or may extend non-parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. In other words, the rise angle θB may be 0° or greater. Considering that the concave-convex structure 25 has a shape that is easy to shape and that the shaping surface 20a and another layer (the brightness adjustment layer 30 in the illustrated example) are more firmly attached to each other, the rise angle θB is preferably 15° or greater, and more preferably 25° or greater. From the viewpoint of ensuring a sufficient area of ​​the inclined surface 26A to allow the concave-convex structure 25 to appropriately exhibit the lens effect (in other words, from the viewpoint of allowing the shaping layer 20 to display an appropriate sense of depth), the rise angle θB is preferably 55° or less, and more preferably 45° or less.

[0105] The material constituting the shape-imparting layer 20 is a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and urethane acrylate. For example, the material constituting the shape-imparting layer 20 contains silicone. Such a shape-imparting layer 20 can be formed by applying a liquid precursor material onto a substrate 72 (described later) or the like, shaping the resulting material using a shaping mold, and curing it by irradiating it with ultraviolet light. The precursor material for the shape-imparting layer 20 may be, for example, an ultraviolet-curable resin containing an acrylic resin and a (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer. The acrylic resin in this case may have a polymerizable unsaturated group. In this specification, the term "(meth)acrylic" refers to one or both of "acrylic" and "methacrylic." The mass ratio of the acrylic resin to the (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer is preferably 35 / 65 or more and 95 / 5 or less, and more preferably 70 / 30 or more and 90 / 10 or less. In this case, the acrylic resin / (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer may have a polymerizable unsaturated group in the ultraviolet-curable resin. The shape-imparting layer 20 formed in this manner is flexible and extensible. Therefore, when the decorative laminate 10 is curved or stretched along the surface of the molding portion 65, the shape-imparting layer 20 can be curved or stretched as desired. In other words, there is little risk that the shape-imparting layer 20 will interfere with the curving or stretching of the decorative laminate 10.

[0106] In the illustrated example, the shape-imparting layer 20 is transparent so that the brightness adjustment layer 30 can be seen from the front side surface 11. In the illustrated example, the concave-convex structures 25 of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are molded integrally without any seams (see FIG. 4). In the example shown in FIG. 4, the concave-convex structures 25 of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 and the gap regions 24 located between the concave-convex structures 25 are molded integrally without any seams.

[0107] <Brightness adjustment layer> Next, we will explain the brightness adjustment layer 30. The brightness adjustment layer 30 is a layer that adjusts the brightness of light reflected by the decorative laminate 10. By adjusting the brightness of light reflected by the decorative laminate 10, it is possible to more effectively impart a rich design with a luxurious feel to the decorative laminate 10.

[0108] In the illustrated example, the brightness adjustment layer 30 is provided to adjust the reflectance of visible light measured on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The brightness adjustment layer 30 covers the shaping surface 20a of the molding layer 20. This adjusts the reflectance of visible light at the reflective interface 36 between the shaping surface 20a and the brightness adjustment layer 30, thereby adjusting the reflectance of visible light measured on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The surface of the brightness adjustment layer 30 facing the molding layer 20 has unevenness corresponding to the shaping surface 20a. In other words, the brightness adjustment layer 30 has an uneven structure corresponding to the uneven structure 25 of the molding layer 20. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the brightness adjustment layer 30 also functions as a planarizing layer that fills in the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a.

[0109] In the illustrated example, the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a colored layer 30a colored with a pigment or dye. The colored layer 30a absorbs a portion of the light incident on the decorative laminate 10, thereby adjusting the reflectance of visible light at the reflective interface 36 between the shaping surface 20a and the brightness adjustment layer 30. The colored layer 30a can also impart a desired color to the decorative laminate 10. A material that can be used to form the colored layer 30a is a mixture of a resin with a pigment or a dye. The colored layer 30a may further contain additives such as an ultraviolet absorber or a light stabilizer.

[0110] The resin contained in the colored layer 30a may be, for example, a non-ultraviolet curable acrylic resin. The acrylic resin is, for example, a polymer of a (meth)acrylate compound. The polymer may be a homopolymer or copolymer of a (meth)acrylate compound. Examples of the (meth)acrylate compound include alkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate, cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates such as cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, aromatic (meth)acrylates such as phenyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is preferred as the acrylic resin. In this specification, the expression "(meth)acrylate compound" means either or both of "acrylate compound" and "methacrylate compound."

[0111] The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 25,000 or more, or 50,000 or more, from the viewpoint of durability such as heat resistance and abrasion resistance. From the viewpoint of interlayer adhesion, the Mw of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 100,000 or less, or 80,000 or less. In this specification, Mw refers to a value measured by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as a standard substance, and is measured by a method in accordance with JIS K 7252-3:2016.

[0112] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 70°C or higher, or 85°C or higher, from the viewpoint of durability such as heat resistance and abrasion resistance. The Tg of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 110°C or lower, or 100°C or lower, from the viewpoint of interlayer adhesion. Therefore, the Tg of the acrylic resin may be 70°C or higher and 110°C or lower. In this specification, Tg is the glass transition temperature obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with JIS K 7121:2012.

[0113] The resin contained in the colored layer 30a may be a cured product of an acrylic thermosetting resin. The cured product is formed, for example, from an acrylic thermosetting resin and a curing agent. An example of the acrylic thermosetting resin is an acrylic polyol having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule. An example of the acrylic polyol is a polymer of a (meth)acrylate compound using at least a hydroxyl group-containing monomer such as a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate as a raw material monomer. An example of the curing agent is an isocyanate compound.

[0114] When the colored layer 30a is colored black, the colored layer 30a typically contains a black pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a black dye instead of a black pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of the black pigment contained in the colored layer 30a include carbon black, titanium black, composite metal oxides, and perylene black. Examples of the black dye contained in the colored layer 30a include an azo-based black dye and a nigrosine black dye.

[0115] When the colored layer 30a is colored blue, the colored layer 30a typically contains a blue pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a blue dye instead of the blue pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of the blue pigment contained in the colored layer 30a include copper phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, cobalt blue, and composite metal oxides. Examples of the blue dye contained in the colored layer 30a include methine dyes, anthraquinone dyes, azo dyes, triarylmethane dyes, and phthalocyanine dyes.

[0116] When the colored layer 30a is colored red, the colored layer 30a typically contains a red pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a red dye instead of the red pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of red pigments contained in the colored layer 30a include diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, perylene pigments, composite metal oxides, and iron oxides. Examples of red dyes contained in the colored layer 30a include azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, and perinone dyes.

[0117] When the colored layer 30a is colored yellow, the colored layer 30a typically contains a yellow pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a yellow dye instead of the yellow pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of the yellow pigment contained in the colored layer 30a include isoindoline-based pigments, isoindolinone-based pigments, anthraquinone-based pigments, condensed azo-based pigments, composite metal oxides, and iron oxides. Examples of the yellow dye contained in the colored layer 30a include azo-based dyes, anthraquinone-based dyes, methine-based dyes, quinophthalone-based dyes, and pyrazolone-based dyes.

[0118] When the colored layer 30a is colored green, the colored layer 30a typically contains a green pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a green dye instead of the green pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of the green pigment contained in the colored layer 30a include phthalocyanine pigments and isoindoline pigments. Examples of the green dye contained in the colored layer 30a include triphenylmethane basic dyes and phthalocyanine dyes.

[0119] When the colored layer 30a is colored purple, the colored layer 30a typically contains a purple pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a purple dye instead of the purple pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. Examples of the purple pigment contained in the colored layer 30a include quinacridone pigments and dioxazine pigments. Examples of the purple dye contained in the colored layer 30a include azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, azine dyes, and quinoline dyes.

[0120] When the colored layer 30a is colored magenta, the colored layer 30a typically contains a magenta pigment. The colored layer 30a may contain a magenta dye instead of the magenta pigment, or may contain both a pigment and a dye. The magenta pigment contained in the colored layer 30a may be, for example, a quinacridone pigment. The magenta dye contained in the colored layer 30a may be, for example, a crimson or an anthraquinone dye.

[0121] Furthermore, the coloring layer 30a may contain not only the pigments and dyes described above but also a toning pigment or a toning dye. For example, when the coloring layer 30a is colored black and the black pigment or black dye is reddish, the coloring layer 30a may further contain the blue pigment or blue dye described above as a toning pigment or toning dye. In this case, various color pigments can be used as the toning pigment, such as blue pigment, as well as the above-mentioned red pigment, yellow pigment, green pigment, magenta pigment, and purple pigment. In this case, various dyes can be used as the toning dye, such as blue dye, as well as the above-mentioned red dye, green dye, magenta dye, yellow dye, and purple dye.

[0122] Alternatively, the colored layer 30a may be black by containing pigments and dyes of the colors described above other than the black pigment and black dye.

[0123] Such a colored layer 30a is produced by applying a liquid precursor material to the shape-imparting surface 20a of the shape-imparting layer 20 and curing it. The precursor material of the colored layer 30a contains the resin and pigment or dye contained in the colored layer 30a described above.

[0124] When the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a colored layer 30a, the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be formed by, for example, solid printing with printing ink. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be configured to have a plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 that adjust the transmittance of visible light. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 have the same shape in a planar view. The plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 have a regular hexagonal shape in a planar view. The plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 are regularly arranged. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 are arranged to form a honeycomb structure. In the example shown in FIG. 3, each unit adjustment element 41 has the same shape as the above-mentioned unit shaping element 23 in a planar view, and each unit adjustment element 41 is arranged so as to overlap the above-mentioned unit shaping element 23. However, this example is not limited thereto. The plurality of unit shaping elements 23 may have different shapes from each other. The plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 may have a polygonal shape other than a hexagonal shape. The plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 may have a shape other than a polygonal shape. Each unit adjustment element 41 may have a shape different from the above-described unit shaping element 23 in a plan view. Furthermore, although not shown, each unit adjustment element 41 may be arranged so as to overlap one another.

[0125] The total light transmittance of at least some of the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 may be different from the total light transmittance of the other unit adjustment elements 41. This allows the decorative laminate 10 to express a complex design.

[0126] The thickness of the colored layer 30a is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 500 μm or less.

[0127] <Joining layer> The bonding layer 38 bonds (adheses, sticks, or heat-seals) the other layers of the decorative laminate 10 to the molded portion 65. Thermoplastic resins, (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers, and the like can be used as materials for forming the bonding layer 38. The thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and examples of the thermoplastic resin that can be used include acrylic resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyamide resins, polyester resins, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated rubber, urethane resins, epoxy resins, and styrene resins. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0128] <Functional layer> The functional layer 37 is a layer that is provided to fulfill various functions. Examples of such functions include a hard coat function, anti-reflection function, anti-glare function, anti-static function, and anti-fouling function. In the illustrated example, the functional layer 37 is a release layer 37a. The release layer 37a has releasability that facilitates the release of the decorative laminate 10 from the substrate 72 (described below). Examples of materials that can be used to form the release layer 37a include thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin, as well as thermosetting resins, ultraviolet-curable resins, and electron beam-curable resins that combine these thermoplastic resins with a curing agent. In the illustrated example, the functional layer 37 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The other layers of the decorative laminate 10 are observed through the functional layer 37. Therefore, the functional layer 37 is transparent.

[0129] The thickness of the decorative laminate 10 having the above configuration may be 0.005 mm or more, 0.025 mm or more, 0.05 mm or more, 0.1 mm or more, or 0.15 mm or more. The thickness of the decorative laminate 10 may also be 2 mm or less, 1.0 mm or less, 1 mm or less, 0.75 mm or less, or 0.5 mm or less. Therefore, the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 may be 0.005 mm or more and 2 mm or less.

[0130] The thickness of the decorative laminate 10 having the above configuration may be 0.005 mm or more and 2 mm or less, 0.025 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less, 0.1 mm or more and 0.75 mm or less, or 0.15 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

[0131] <<Method of manufacturing decorative laminate and decorative member>> Next, a manufacturing method of the decorative laminate 10 and the decorative member 3 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 5A to 12. The manufacturing method of the decorative laminate 10 includes a step of producing a matrix 110, a step of forming a shaping mold 100, and a step of shaping the shaping layer 20.

[0132] First, a method for producing a matrix 110 for forming the shaping mold 100 will be described with reference to Figures 5A to 5C. In the process of producing the matrix 110, laser light is irradiated at each position on the photosensitive material layer 113 with an exposure amount corresponding to the shape of the shaping surface 20a of at least one unit optical element 13 of the above-mentioned shaping layer 20. In this way, a matrix 110 having a concave-convex surface 110a corresponding to the shape of the shaping surface 20a of at least one unit optical element 13 is produced from the photosensitive material layer 113. The decorative laminate 10 of this embodiment has a plurality of unit optical elements 13. In this case, a matrix 110 having a concave-convex surface 110a corresponding to the shape of the shaping surface 20a of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 is produced from the photosensitive material layer 113.

[0133] In the process of producing the matrix 110, first, a matrix-forming member 111 is prepared, as shown in Fig. 5A. The matrix-forming member 111 includes a flat substrate 112 such as a glass plate, and a photosensitive material layer 113 that covers one surface of the substrate 112. In the illustrated example, the photosensitive material layer 113 is formed using a positive resist.

[0134] Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the photosensitive material layer 113 is irradiated with laser light R. At this time, the irradiation position of the laser light R on the matrix-forming member 111 is moved while the laser light is irradiated over the entire area of ​​the photosensitive material layer 113. At this time, the intensity of the laser light R is controlled in multiple gradations of three or more. The intensity of the laser light R is controlled based on data representing the concave-convex structure 25. This data includes information regarding the concave-convex pattern to be formed on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. This concave-convex pattern is a concave-convex pattern of an area including a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 of the shaping layer 20 (and therefore including the shape of the shaping surface 20a in the gap regions 24 between these plurality of unit optical elements 13). This concave-convex pattern represents the height (depth) of the concave-convex to be formed on the shaping surface 20a in multiple stages, relative to the non-shaping surface 20b, in three or more stages. Using such data, the intensity of the laser light R is controlled in multiple gradations of three or more stages. Furthermore, the laser light R is irradiated at each position on the photosensitive layer 113 with an intensity that reflects the uneven pattern. As a result, the exposure amount of the laser light R at each position on the photosensitive layer 113 reflects the uneven pattern.

[0135] 5C, the photosensitive layer 113 is developed to remove a portion of the photosensitive layer 113. As described above, the exposure amount of the laser light R at each position on the photosensitive layer 113 reflects the uneven pattern, and therefore, unevenness reflecting the uneven pattern is formed in the developed photosensitive layer 113. In this manner, a master mold 110 having an uneven surface 110a corresponding to the shape of the shape-imparting surface 20a of the mold layer 20 is produced from the photosensitive layer 113.

[0136] In this way, the matrix 110 having concaves and convexes corresponding to the plurality of concave-convex structures 25 of the plurality of unit shaping elements 23 is formed seamlessly and integrally. This reduces the risk of unintended concaves and convexes being formed on the matrix 110. Furthermore, by adjusting the exposure amount of the laser light R on the photosensitive material layer 113 in multiple gradations, it is possible to form concaves and convexes on the matrix 110 with high precision according to the concave-convex pattern.

[0137] In this embodiment, laser light is irradiated at each position on the photosensitive material layer 113 with an exposure amount corresponding to the shape of the shape-imparting surface 20a of the above-mentioned shape-imparting layer 20. In this way, a master mold 110 having an uneven surface 110a corresponding to the shape of the shape-imparting surface 20a is produced from the photosensitive material layer 113.

[0138] Next, the process of forming the shaping mold 100 will be described with reference to Figures 6A and 6B. In the process of forming the shaping mold 100, the shaping mold 100 is formed on the uneven surface 110a of the matrix 110. In the process of forming the shaping mold 100, first, as shown in Figure 6A, a metal layer 115 is formed on the uneven surface 110a of the matrix 110. The metal layer 115 may be formed of nickel or the like by, for example, electroforming. In the metal layer 115, unevenness is formed that reflects the unevenness of the matrix 110 (and therefore reflects the above-mentioned uneven pattern).

[0139] Next, as shown in Fig. 6B, the metal layer 115 is separated from the matrix 110. The metal layer 115 may be separated from the matrix 110, for example, by dissolving and removing the photosensitive material layer 113 of the matrix 110 with a solvent. The metal layer 115 separated from the matrix 110 is used as the shaping mold 100. A large shaping mold may be produced by combining a plurality of shaping molds 100 produced in this manner.

[0140] By using the shaping mold 100 thus produced, it is possible to simultaneously shape a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 in the shaping layer 20 in the intended arrangement pattern, as shown in Fig. 7. At the same time, it is also possible to shape the shape of the shaping surface 20a in the gap regions 24 between the plurality of unit optical elements 13. Therefore, it is possible to form the gap regions 24 with the intended width with high precision.

[0141] Next, the process of producing the shape-imparting layer 20 will be described with reference to Figs. 8 to 12. Figs. 8 to 12 are cross-sectional views showing a method of producing a transfer sheet 70 for transferring the decorative laminate 10 to the molding part 65. As an example, the shape-imparting layer 20 is produced in the process of producing the transfer sheet 70. The process of producing the shape-imparting layer 20 includes a step of shaping the shaping surface 20a of the shape-imparting layer 20 using a shaping mold 100. This produces a shape-imparting layer 20 having at least one unit shaping element 23.

[0142] First, as shown in FIG. 8 , a flat substrate 72 is prepared. The substrate 72 is a member that is peeled off from the decorative laminate 10 when the decorative laminate 10 is transferred to the molding portion 65. In other words, the substrate 72 is a transfer substrate. The substrate 72 can be made of a material commonly used as a substrate for transfer sheets, such as a polyester resin film or a polyolefin resin film. A release layer may be formed on one side of the substrate 72. The release layer has releasability that facilitates peeling of the substrate 72 from the decorative laminate 10. Examples of materials that can be used to form the release layer include thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin, as well as thermosetting resins that combine these thermoplastic resins with a curing agent. Instead of forming a release layer on the substrate 72, a known release treatment may be applied to the surface of the substrate 72. In this case, the substrate 72 can also be easily peeled off from the decorative laminate 10.

[0143] Next, the release layer 37a is formed on the substrate 72. If a release layer is formed on the substrate 72, the release layer 37a is formed on the release layer. By forming the release layer 37a on the substrate 72, the substrate 72 can be easily peeled off from the decorative laminate 10.

[0144] Next, as shown in FIG. 9, a layer 20c of the precursor material of the above-described mold layer 20 is formed on the release layer 37a. Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a mold 100 is pressed against the layer 20c to mold it. The mold 100 has concaves and convexes corresponding to the concave-convex structure 25. Next, ultraviolet light is irradiated onto the layer 20c to harden it. This produces a mold layer 20 having the concave-convex structure 25 formed on the mold surface 20a. Thereafter, the mold 100 is removed from the mold layer 20. The mold 100 may be removed from the layer 20c before irradiating the layer 20c with ultraviolet light.

[0145] The unevenness of the shaping mold 100 is determined so that the rise angle θB of the uneven structure 25 is not 0° but 15° or more. This makes it easy to form unevenness in the layer 20c that reflects the unevenness of the shaping mold 100 with high precision when shaping the layer 20c with the shaping mold 100. In other words, it is easy to form the uneven structure 25 in the shaping layer 20 that corresponds to the unevenness of the shaping mold 100. Furthermore, since the rise angle θB of the uneven structure 25 is 15° or more, it is easy to remove the shaping layer 20 or layer 20c from the shaping mold 100. As described above, a shaping layer 20 having at least one unit shaping element 23 can be produced.

[0146] Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a colored layer 30a is formed on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. The colored layer 30a is formed by applying a precursor material, which is a mixture of a resin, a pigment, or a dye, to the shaping surface 20a. If the resin contained in the precursor material of the colored layer 30a is a thermoplastic resin, the precursor material is applied to the shaping surface 20a and then dried to form the colored layer 30a. If the resin contained in the precursor material of the colored layer 30a is a thermosetting resin, the precursor material may be applied to the shaping surface 20a, dried, and heated, or dried and left in a room temperature or high temperature environment for a certain period of time to harden. After hardening the colored layer 30a, a bonding layer 38 is formed on the colored layer 30a, as shown in FIG. 12. This produces a transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 12. In other words, a decorative laminate 10 is produced on a substrate 72. The transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 12 includes a transfer substrate (substrate 72) and a decorative laminate 10.

[0147] Next, the transfer sheet 70 is placed in a mold for molding the molded portion 65. Next, molten resin is introduced between the back surface 12 (i.e., the bonding layer 38) on the decorative laminate 10 and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin is solidified in the mold. As a result, the molded portion 65 bonded to the transfer sheet 70 is molded in the mold. Thereafter, the substrate 72 is peeled off from the decorative laminate 10. This completes the decorative member 3 (see FIG. 2A) in which the decorative laminate 10 is transferred to the molded portion 65. This method of molding the decorative member 3 is known as in-mold molding.

[0148] In the manufacturing method of the decorative laminate 10 and the decorative member 3 according to this embodiment, by using the shaping mold 100 manufactured by the above-described method, it is possible to simultaneously shape a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 in the shaping layer 20 in an intended arrangement pattern. At the same time, it is possible to shape the gap regions 24 between the plurality of unit shaping elements 23. Therefore, it is possible to form a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 in the shaping layer 20 with high precision in the intended planar shape and arrangement pattern.

[0149] Furthermore, compared to the conventional method of producing a master die by cutting, the master die 110 produced by the above-described method has a higher degree of freedom in designing the concave-convex structure 25. Specifically, the shapes of the inclined surface 26A and the connecting surface 26B can be set more freely than in the conventional method.

[0150] The inclined surface 26A and the connecting surface 26B of the unit shaping element 23 of this embodiment do not have a circularly symmetric shape. A shaping layer 20 having such unit shaping elements 23 is particularly difficult to produce by a conventional method of producing a matrix by cutting. According to the manufacturing method of the shaping mold 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to easily form a shaping mold 100 capable of forming a shaping layer 20 having unit shaping elements 23 of such complex shapes. Therefore, the manufacturing method of the decorative laminate 10 including the manufacturing method of the shaping mold 100 of this embodiment is a manufacturing method more suitable for manufacturing the decorative laminate 10 of this embodiment than the conventional method of producing a matrix by cutting.

[0151] <<<Modifications>>> Next, various modified examples of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 13 to 42. In Figures 13 to 42, the same parts as those shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 2A, and 3 to 12 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0152] <<Modification 1: Modification of Unit Optical Element>> In the above example, the multiple unit optical elements 13 have an outer contour 23a that is equilateral triangular in plan view. However, the shape of the unit optical elements 13 is not limited to this. The outer contour 23a of the multiple unit optical elements 13 may be a polygonal shape other than an equilateral triangle. For example, the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13 may be a triangular shape other than an equilateral triangle. The outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13 may be a polygonal shape other than a triangle, such as a square, pentagon, hexagon, or octagon.

[0153] Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a plan view of an example of a unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. The unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 13 is a distorted unit optical element 231. In the example shown in Fig. 13, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 is rectangular. In particular, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 is rhombic. In the example shown in Fig. 13, in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A of the distorted unit optical element 231 include similar inclined surfaces 26A3 having a shape similar to the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. The multiple inclined surfaces 26A include a parallel inclined surface 26A4 extending parallel to one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. In the distortion unit optical element 231, the plurality of tilting surfaces 26A include the similar tilting surface 26A3 and the parallel tilting surface 26A4, so that the first reference line L1 can be shifted from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13.

[0154] The outer contours 23a of the multiple unit optical elements 13 may have a shape other than a polygon. That is, the outer contours 23a of the unit optical elements 13 may include curved portions or portions extending in an arc shape. The outer contours 23a of the unit optical elements 13 are not particularly limited. The outer contours 23a of the unit optical elements 13 may be, for example, a circle, a semicircle, an ellipse, a sector, a crescent, a heart, or a letter shape. The multiple unit optical elements 13 may have shapes different from each other. The multiple unit optical elements 13 may be arranged in an irregular array. Furthermore, although not shown, the unit optical elements 13 may be arranged so as to overlap each other. The multiple unit optical elements 13 may have outer contours 23a of shapes different from each other.

[0155] Another example of the configuration of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 will be further described. In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the concave-convex structure 25 of the unit optical element 13 has a structure in which linear Fresnel lenses are combined. However, the configuration of the concave-convex structure 25 is not limited to this. The concave-convex structure 25 of the unit optical element 13 may be a circular Fresnel lens. FIG. 14 is a plan view of another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. FIG. 15 is a plan view of another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. FIG. 16 is a plan view of another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is a distorted unit optical element 231. In this case, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may be triangular, as shown in FIG. 14. The outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may be rectangular, as shown in FIG. 15. The outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may be hexagonal, as shown in FIG. 16. In the example shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 , the shape of each inclined surface 26A in a planar view is a perfect circle. Although not shown, the shape of each inclined surface 26A in a planar view may be elliptical. In this case, the direction in which the major axis of the ellipse extends (hereinafter simply referred to as the major axis direction) may differ among the multiple unit optical elements 13. For example, the major axis direction of one unit optical element 13 may be non-parallel to or perpendicular to the major axis direction of another unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 , the inclined surface 26A of each unit optical element 13 extends along a circle centered on the optical axis Ax of the unit optical element 13. The mold layer 20 may include unit optical elements 13 having a concave-convex structure 25 formed as a linear Fresnel lens and unit optical elements 13 having a concave-convex structure 25 formed as a circular Fresnel lens. The multiple unit optical elements 13 may include unit optical elements 13 having outer contours 23a with different shapes. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the unit optical element 13 does not necessarily have to include the inclined surface 26A whose shape in plan view is similar to the shape of the outer contour 23a.

[0156] Another example of the configuration of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 will be further described. In particular, another example of a unit optical element 13 will be described, in which the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A include a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B include a plurality of first connecting surfaces 26B1. FIG. 17 is a plan view of a decorative laminate 10 having another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. In the example shown in FIG. 17, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 is circular. In the example shown in FIG. 17, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are aligned in a first direction D1 and a second direction D2 perpendicular to the first direction D1. In the example shown in FIG. 17, the first direction D1 coincides with the X-direction Dx, and the second direction D2 coincides with the Y-direction Dy. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the decorative laminate 10 taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 17. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjusting layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIG.

[0157] FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the shape of the virtual reflecting surface 27 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 18. In the example shown in FIG. 19, the virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape of a side surface of a cone. That is, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 18 has the same optical effect as the reflecting surface having the shape of the side surface of the cone shown in FIG. 19. In this case, the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may match the shape of the base of the cone whose side surface is the virtual reflecting surface 27. In this specification, the term "cone" is a concept that includes not only a right cone but also an oblique cone. In the example shown in FIG. 19, the virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape of the side surface of a cone. In particular, the virtual reflecting surface 27 shown in FIG. 19 has the shape of the side surface of a cone, which is an oblique cone. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 18 functions as a lens having a reflecting surface having the shape of the virtual reflecting surface 27 shown in FIG. 19.

[0158] The first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 18 functions as a cone-shaped lens. In particular, the first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 18 functions as a cone-shaped lens shown in FIG. 19. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are formed by dividing the side surface of a cone. When viewed in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 is a region extending from the inclined surface 26Ao, which is the outermost of the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1, to the inclined surface 26Ac, which is the innermost of the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the first reference line L1 coincides with the perpendicular line of the cone. The normal to a cone is a line drawn perpendicularly from the apex of the cone to the base. Although not shown, the first region 234 may function as a cone-shaped lens whose base is elliptical.

[0159] In a unit optical element 13 in which the virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape of the side surface of a cone, the first reference line L1 passes through a position on the reflecting interface 36 that corresponds to the apex of the cone. In this case, as shown in FIG. 18, the first position 361 on the reflecting interface 36 is a position that corresponds to the apex of the cone whose side surface is the virtual reflecting surface 27. The virtual reflecting surface 27 shown in FIG. 19 has the shape of the side surface of an oblique cone. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 18, the first position 361 is shifted from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13.

[0160] In the example shown in FIG. 18 , the virtual reflective surface 27 of the distorted unit optical element 231 has the shape of a side surface of a cone. However, this is not limited thereto, and the virtual reflective surface 27 of the non-distorted unit optical element 232 may also have the shape of a side surface of a cone. In this case, the virtual reflective surface 27 of the non-distorted unit optical element 232 may have the shape of a side surface of a right cone, as shown in FIG. 20 . In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 18 , the unit optical element 13 in which the first region 234 functions as a lens with an oblique cone shape as shown in FIG. 19 has been described. However, the shape of the unit optical element 13 is not limited thereto. The decorative laminate 10 may have a unit optical element 13 in which the first region 234 functions as a lens with a right cone shape as shown in FIG. 20 . FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the decorative laminate 10 taken along line XXI-XXI in FIG. 17 . FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view particularly showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10. The first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 21 functions as a conical lens (axicon lens) shown in FIG.

[0161] In the above example, an example of a unit optical element 13 in which the virtual reflective surface 27 has the shape of a conical side surface is shown. However, the shape of the virtual reflective surface 27 is not limited to this. The virtual reflective surface 27 may have the shape of a cone side surface other than a cone. For example, the virtual reflective surface 27 may have the shape of a cone side surface with a polygonal base. More specifically, the virtual reflective surface 27 may have the shape of a triangular pyramid, a square pyramid, or a hexagonal pyramid side surface. The virtual reflective surface 27 in the unit optical element 13 may have the shape of a triangular pyramid side surface as shown in FIG. 22. The virtual reflective surface 27 in the unit optical element 13 may have the shape of a hexagonal pyramid side surface as shown in FIG. 23. In addition, in the above example, an example is shown in which the first region 234 has a shape that functions as a conical lens. However, the shape of the first region 234 is not limited to this. The first region 234 may function as a cone-shaped lens other than a cone. For example, the first region 234 may function as a cone-shaped lens with a polygonal base as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG.

[0162] Fig. 24 is a diagram showing a unit optical element 13 in plan view whose virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape shown in Fig. 22. The virtual reflecting surface 27 shown in Fig. 22 has the shape of a side surface of a triangular pyramid, which is an oblique cone. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 whose virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape shown in Fig. 22 is a distorted unit optical element 231. On the other hand, the virtual reflecting surface 27 shown in Fig. 23 has the shape of a side surface of a hexagonal pyramid, which is a right cone. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 whose virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape shown in Fig. 23 is a non-distorted unit optical element 232.

[0163] The shape of the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 is not particularly limited as long as they are aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. As an example, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shapes of side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces of a cone or frustum at different height positions. In other words, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are configured to have shapes formed by dividing the side surfaces of a cone or frustum. A cone whose side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces are shaped by the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 is referred to as a first cone. A frustum whose side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces are shaped by the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 is referred to as a first frustum. The first region 234 can function as a lens in the shape of a first cone or a first frustum by having the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first cone or first frustum. As an example, when the first region 234 extends over the entirety of one of the unit optical elements 13, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of the first cone at different height positions. As an example, when the unit optical element 13 has the first region 234 and a second region 235 (described later), the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 may form side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of the first frustum at different height positions.

[0164] As an example, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shapes of side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of a first cone or a first frustum in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231. Such distortion unit optical elements 231 can also realize a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before.

[0165] When the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of a first cone at different height positions, the virtual reflecting surface 27 includes a portion of the shape of the side surface of the first cone. In this case, the first reference line L1 can be defined as a straight line passing through a position on the reflecting interface 36 corresponding to the apex of the first cone. When the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of a first frustum at different height positions, the virtual reflecting surface 27 includes a portion of the shape of the side surface of the first frustum. In this case, the first reference line L1 can be defined as follows: The first frustum has a shape obtained by removing from a cone a cone that shares an apex with the cone and is similarly reduced from the cone. The first reference line L1 can be defined as a straight line passing through a position on the reflecting interface 36 corresponding to the apex of the cone (see point P1 in Figure 27, described later).

[0166] When the first region 234 functions as a lens of any of the above-mentioned shapes, the concavo-convex structure 25 of the first region 234 is formed so that the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. The multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shapes of side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of a pyramid, a frustum, an approximate pyramid, and an approximate frustum.

[0167] In the above example, an example has been described in which the multiple inclined surfaces 26A in the unit optical element 13 include only the first inclined surface 26A1. In other words, an example has been described in which the first region 234 extends over the entirety of one of the unit optical elements 13. However, the shape of the unit optical element 13 is not limited to this. FIG. 25A is an example of a cross-sectional view of a decorative laminate 10 in which the unit optical element 13 has a first region 234 and a second region 235. FIG. 25A is a cross-sectional view particularly showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0168] In the example shown in FIG. 25A, the second region 235 is adjacent to the first region 234 in the direction in which the first inclined surfaces 26A1 are aligned. In the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 25A, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include a first inclined surface 26A1 and a second inclined surface 26A2 that are aligned in a direction toward a second reference line L2 extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and inclined toward the second reference line L2. In the example shown, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include a multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 and a multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2. Furthermore, the multiple connecting surfaces 26B include a second connecting surface 26B2 that connects adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. In the example shown, the multiple connecting surfaces 26B include a multiple first connecting surfaces 26B1 and a multiple second connecting surfaces 26B2. The second inclined surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 are disposed in the second region 235.

[0169] Regarding the second inclined surface 26A2, "aligned in a direction toward the second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2" means the following. Consider a cross section of the unit optical element 13 cut along any plane including the second reference line L2. A plane including the second reference line L2 is a plane that is parallel to and passes through the second reference line L2. FIG. 25A corresponds to a cross section of the unit optical element 13 cut along a plane including the second reference line L2. "aligned in a direction toward the second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2" means that, in the above-mentioned cross section, the second inclined surface 26A2 is aligned in a direction toward the virtual second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2. In other words, the second inclined surface 26A2 has a shape that can be said to be aligned in a direction toward the virtual second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2.

[0170] In the example shown in FIG. 25A, a Fresnel lens structure is formed in the second region 235. In this case, the second region 235 may include a plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 that form the Fresnel lens structure and a plurality of second connecting surfaces 26B2 that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. In the example shown in FIG. 25A, the Fresnel lens structure includes second inclined surfaces 26A2 formed by dividing a continuous spherical lens and second connecting surfaces 26B2 that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. In the example shown in FIG. 25A, the Fresnel lens structure formed in the second region 235 functions as a convex lens, but the Fresnel lens structure is not limited to this. The Fresnel lens structure may also function as a concave lens. By forming the Fresnel lens structure in the second region 235, it is possible to express a rich three-dimensional effect that exceeds the thickness of the mold layer 20 and to express complex designs.

[0171] 25A, the virtual reflecting surface 27 has a first portion 275 corresponding to the first region 234 and a second portion 276 corresponding to the second region 235. The first portion 275 has the shape of a side surface of a frustum. The second portion 276 has the shape of a surface of a spherical lens.

[0172] When the unit optical element 13 has the first region 234 and the second region 235, the first region 234 may function as a frustum-shaped lens. In the example shown in Fig. 25A, the first region 234 functions as a frustum-shaped lens obtained by removing the apex of an oblique pyramid. The first region 234 may function as a pyramidal, approximately pyramidal, or approximately frustum-shaped lens.

[0173] The second region 235 may have a concavo-convex structure 25 formed therein that functions as a lens having a cone shape, a frustum shape, a substantially cone shape, or a substantially frustum shape, which is different from the frustum shape or substantially frustum shape corresponding to the first inclined surface 26A1 of the first region 234. When the unit optical element 13 has the first region 234 and the second region 235, the second region 235 may function as a lens having a cone shape. In the example shown in FIG. 25A , the second region 235 functions as a lens having a right cone shape. The second region 235 may function as a lens having a frustum shape, a substantially cone shape, or a substantially frustum shape.

[0174] As an example, the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 are shaped like side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of a cone or a frustum at different height positions. In other words, the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 are configured to have shapes formed by dividing the side surfaces of a cone or a frustum. A cone whose side surfaces or portions thereof are shaped by the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 is referred to as a second cone. A frustum whose side surfaces or portions thereof are shaped by the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 is referred to as a second frustum. By having the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 form the side surfaces or portions of the side surfaces of the second cone or the second frustum at different height positions, the second region 235 can function as a lens in the shape of a second cone or a lens in the shape of a second frustum.

[0175] When the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 form the shape of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces of a second cone at different height positions, the virtual reflecting surface 27 includes a portion of the shape of the side surface of the second cone. In this case, the second reference line L2 can be defined as a straight line passing through a position on the reflecting interface 36 corresponding to the apex of the second cone. When the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 form the shape of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces of a second frustum at different height positions, the virtual reflecting surface 27 includes a portion of the shape of the side surface of the second frustum. In this case, the second reference line L2 can be defined as follows: The second frustum has a shape obtained by removing from a cone a cone that shares a vertex with the cone and is similarly reduced from the cone. The second reference line L2 can be defined as a straight line passing through a position on the reflecting interface 36 corresponding to the apex of the cone.

[0176] In the example shown in FIG. 25A , the unit optical element 13 includes two groups of tilting surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B, and the reference line for one of the two groups of tilting surfaces 26A is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In this case, the tilting surface 26A whose reference line is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is regarded as the first tilting surface 26A1. The region where this first tilting surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 connecting the first tilting surface 26A1 are located is regarded as the first region 234. Furthermore, of the two groups of tilting surfaces 26A, the tilting surface 26A other than the first tilting surface 26A1 is regarded as the second tilting surface 26A2. The region where this second tilting surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 connecting the second tilting surface 26A2 are located is regarded as the second region 235. When the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 25A is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the second region 235.

[0177] 25A, the second reference line L2 passes through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in Fig. 25A, the second reference line L2 is located at a position different from the position of the first reference line L1.

[0178] 25A, the first reference line L1 is shifted from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 25A is a distorted unit optical element 231. In the example shown in Fig. 25A, the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 have the shape of part of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first frustum.

[0179] In the decorative laminate 10, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A may include a second inclined surface 26A2 and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B may include a second connecting surface 26B2 in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231, as shown in Fig. 25A . In this case, at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 may include a first region 234 and a second region 235, as shown in Fig. 25A . Furthermore, in this case, with respect to at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231, the first region 234 may surround the second region 235 when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. Such distortion unit optical elements 231 can also realize a three-dimensional design expression that has not been seen before.

[0180] In at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 in which the plurality of tilting surfaces 26A include second tilting surfaces 26A2 and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B include second connecting surfaces 26B2, the second reference line L2 may be located at a position different from the position of the first reference line L1. In at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 in which the plurality of tilting surfaces 26A include second tilting surfaces 26A2 and the plurality of connecting surfaces 26B include second connecting surfaces 26B2, the second reference line L2 may pass through the geometric center of the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0181] The shape of the unit optical element 13 including two groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 25A. In particular, the shape of the distorted unit optical element 231 including two groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 25A. Figs. 25B, 25C, and 25D are diagrams showing another example of a cross-section of a decorative laminate 10 in which the unit optical element 13 includes two groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B, different from Fig. 25A. Figs. 25B, 25C, and 25D are cross-sectional views showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10 in particular.

[0182] In the example shown in FIG. 25B, the reference line for one of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, that one of the inclined surfaces 26A is considered to be the first inclined surface 26A1. The area where this first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 connecting the first inclined surface 26A1 are located is considered to be the first area 234. Furthermore, of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A, the inclined surface 26A other than the first inclined surface 26A1 is considered to be the second inclined surface 26A2. The area where this second inclined surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 connecting the second inclined surface 26A2 are located is considered to be the second area 235. When the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 25B is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the second area 235 surrounds the first area 234.

[0183] 25B, the second reference line L2 passes through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in Fig. 25B, the second reference line L2 is located at a position different from the position of the first reference line L1.

[0184] In the example shown in Fig. 25B, the first reference line L1 is shifted from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 25B is a distorted unit optical element 231. In the example shown in Fig. 25B, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 have the shape of part of the side surfaces of a first pyramid at different height positions. The multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 have the shape of part of the side surfaces of a second frustum at different height positions.

[0185] 25B, with respect to at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231, the second region 235 may surround the first region 234 when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. Such distortion unit optical elements 231 can also realize a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before.

[0186] 25C and 25D, the reference lines for both of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A are offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In this case, either of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A may be regarded as the first inclined surface 26A1. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D will be described assuming that the inclined surface 26A located near the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is regarded as the second inclined surface 26A2, and the inclined surface 26A other than the second inclined surface 26A2 is regarded as the first inclined surface 26A1. In this case, when the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the second region 235.

[0187] 25C and 25D, the second reference line L2 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in Fig. 25C, the second reference line L2 is located at a position different from the position of the first reference line L1. In the example shown in Fig. 25D, the second reference line L2 is located at the same position as the first reference line L1.

[0188] 25C and 25D, the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D is a distortion unit optical element 231. In the example shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 have the shape of part of the side surfaces of a first frustum at different height positions. The multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 have the shape of part of the side surfaces of a second pyramid at different height positions. The distortion unit optical element 231 shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D can also realize a three-dimensional design expression that has not been achieved before.

[0189] FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of a planar view of a decorative laminate 10 having a unit optical element 13 that is the distortion unit optical element 231 shown in FIG. 25C. FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing the shape of a virtual reflecting surface 27 in the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 26. In the example shown in FIG. 27, a first portion 275 of the virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape of a side surface of a truncated pyramid obtained by removing the apex of a triangular pyramid that is an oblique pyramid (a triangular pyramid with the apex at point P1 shown in FIG. 27). In the example shown in FIG. 27, a second portion 276 of the virtual reflecting surface 27 has the shape of a side surface of a triangular pyramid that is a right pyramid. The distortion unit optical elements 231 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 can also realize unprecedented design expressions with a three-dimensional effect.

[0190] The form of the unit optical element 13 including two groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B is not limited to the examples shown in Figures 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 26, and 27. Figure 28 is a diagram showing a plan view of a decorative laminate 10 having another example of a unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. Figure 29 is a diagram showing a cross section of the decorative laminate 10 taken along line XXIX-XXIX in Figure 28. Figure 29 is a cross section showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjusting layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10 in particular.

[0191] 28 and 29, the reference lines for both of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A pass through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. In this case, either of the two groups of inclined surfaces 26A may be regarded as the first inclined surface 26A1. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 will be described assuming that the inclined surface 26A located near the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is regarded as the second inclined surface 26A2, and the inclined surface 26A other than the second inclined surface 26A2 is regarded as the first inclined surface 26A1. In this case, when the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the second region 235.

[0192] 28 and 29, the first reference line L1 passes through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 is a non-distortion unit optical element 232. The second reference line L2 passes through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. The second reference line L2 is located at the same position as the first reference line L1. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one distortion unit optical element 231, and may also have a non-distortion unit optical element 232 as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29.

[0193] As an example, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 are shaped like side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces of a first frustum at different height positions. The multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 are shaped like side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces of a second cone at different height positions. In a unit optical element 13 including two groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B, the shape of the base of the first frustum and the shape of the base of the second cone may be different from each other. In the example shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 28, the first region 234 is formed to function as a lens in the shape of a frustum (first frustum) with a hexagonal base. The second region 235 is formed to function as a lens in the shape of a cone with a circular base, i.e., a cone (second cone). In this case, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 may have the shape of the side surfaces of the first frustum at different height positions, and the multiple second inclined surfaces 26A2 may have the shape of the side surfaces of the second cone at different height positions.

[0194] In the example shown in FIG. 29, the second region 235 has a concave-convex structure 25 formed therein that has a different function from the first inclined surface 26A1 of the first region 234. The second region 235 has a concave-convex structure 25 that functions as, for example, a cone-shaped, frustum-shaped, approximately cone-shaped, or approximately frustum-shaped lens. In this case, the second inclined surface 26A2 may be aligned in a direction toward a second reference line L2 that extends along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The second inclined surface 26A2 may be inclined toward the second reference line L2. In the illustrated example, the second reference line L2 coincides with the perpendicular to the cone, which is the second cone.

[0195] Further, another example of the unit optical element 13 will be described. The unit optical element 13 may have a shape corresponding to the shape obtained when a portion of the unit optical element 13 having any of the shapes described above is cut along a plane parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The unit optical element 13 may have a shape corresponding to the shape obtained when a portion of the unit optical element 13 having the above-mentioned first region 234 but not the second region 235 is cut along a plane parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The unit optical element 13 may have a shape corresponding to the shape obtained when a portion of the unit optical element 13 having the above-mentioned first region 234 and second region 235 is cut along a plane parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10.

[0196] FIG. 30A is a plan view of another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification Example 1. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30A has a shape equivalent to the shape of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 17 cut along a plane parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, passing through the dashed line marked with symbol F2. The unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30A has an outer contour 23a in the shape of an equilateral triangle in plan view. In the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30A, the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30A is a distorted unit optical element 231. Although not shown, a non-distorted unit optical element 232 may have a shape equivalent to the shape of a portion of a unit optical element 13 having any of the above shapes cut along a plane parallel to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10.

[0197] The form of the unit optical element 13 is not limited to the above-mentioned examples. Fig. 30B is a cross-sectional view of a decorative laminate 10 having another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. Fig. 30B is a cross-sectional view particularly showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10. Fig. 30C is a perspective view showing the shape of the virtual reflecting surface 27 of the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30B.

[0198] The unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30B includes a first region 234 in which the first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged, and a third region 236 in which the shaping surface 20a is a flat or curved surface. In the example shown in Fig. 30B, the third region 236 is adjacent to the first region 234 in the direction in which the first inclined surfaces 26A1 are arranged. When the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30B is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the third region 236.

[0199] When the unit optical element 13 has the first region 234 and the third region 236, the first region 234 may function as a frustum-shaped lens. In the example shown in Fig. 30B, the first region 234 functions as a frustum-shaped lens obtained by removing the apex of an oblique pyramid. The first region 234 may function as a pyramidal, approximately pyramidal, or approximately frustum-shaped lens.

[0200] In the third region 236, the shaping surface 20a is a flat surface or a curved surface. In the third region 236, the shaping surface 20a is a continuous flat surface or a curved surface. In the example shown in Figure 30B, the shaping surface 20a is a flat surface in the third region 236. In the third region 236, the shaping surface 20a may be a spherical lens.

[0201] As shown in FIG. 30C, the virtual reflecting surface 27 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30B has a first portion 275 corresponding to the first region 234 and a third portion 277 corresponding to the third region 236. The first portion 275 has the shape of a side surface of a truncated cone. In the example shown in FIG. 30C, the first portion 275 has the shape of a side surface of an oblique truncated cone. In this case, the first portion 275 of the virtual reflecting surface 27 may have the shape of a side surface of a truncated cone obtained by removing the apex of a circular cone, which is an oblique cone, or may have the shape of a side surface of a truncated cone obtained by removing the apex of a square pyramid, which is an oblique cone. The third portion 277 is a flat surface.

[0202] In the example shown in Fig. 30B, the first reference line L1 is shifted from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30B is a distorted unit optical element 231. In the example shown in Fig. 30B, the multiple first tilting surfaces 26A1 have the shape of part of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first frustum.

[0203] 30B, at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 includes a first region 234 and a third region 236. With respect to at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231, the first region 234 surrounds the third region 236 when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. With such distortion unit optical elements 231, it is possible to realize a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before.

[0204] Furthermore, the form of the unit optical element 13 including the first region 234 and the third region 236 is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 30B. Fig. 30D is a diagram showing a cross section of a decorative laminate 10 having another example of a unit optical element 13 in Modification 1. Fig. 30D is a cross section particularly showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10. Fig. 30E is a perspective view showing the shape of the virtual reflecting surface 27 in the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30D.

[0205] 30D, the first region 234 functions as a lens having a truncated cone shape with the apex of a right cone removed. In the third region 236, the shaping surface 20a is a flat surface.

[0206] As shown in FIG. 30E, the virtual reflecting surface 27 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 30D has a first portion 275 corresponding to the first region 234 and a third portion 277 corresponding to the third region 236. The first portion 275 has the shape of a side surface of a frustum. In the example shown in FIG. 30E, the first portion 275 has the shape of a side surface of a right frustum. In this case, the first portion 275 of the virtual reflecting surface 27 may have the shape of a side surface of a frustum obtained by removing the apex of a circular cone, which is a right cone, or may have the shape of a side surface of a frustum obtained by removing the apex of a square pyramid, which is a right cone. The third portion 277 is a flat surface.

[0207] In the example shown in Fig. 30B, the first reference line L1 passes through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. Therefore, the unit optical element 13 shown in Fig. 30D is a non-distortion unit optical element 232. In the example shown in Fig. 30D, the multiple first inclined surfaces 26A1 have the shape of part of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first frustum. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one distortion unit optical element 231, and may also have a non-distortion unit optical element 232 as shown in Fig. 30D.

[0208] <<Modification 2: Modification of Unit Optical Element>> The method of arranging the plurality of unit optical elements 13 is not limited to the above-described example. Fig. 31 is a plan view of the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 2. In the example shown in Fig. 31, the decorative laminate 10 has a plurality of unit design portions 28 that have the same shape and include a plurality of unit optical elements 13.

[0209] In the example shown in FIG. 31 , the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 differs between the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in one unit design portion 28. For example, in the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 238 in FIG. 31 , the first reference line L1 is located above the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 on the drawing. In the unit optical element 13 designated by reference numeral 239, the first reference line L1 is located below and to the right of the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 on the drawing. In the example shown in FIG. 31 , the shapes of the outer contours 23a of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in one unit design portion 28 are identical to each other. In the example shown in FIG. 31 , each unit design portion 28 includes six unit optical elements 13. 31, one of the unit design portions 28 is formed by arranging six unit optical elements 13, each having an equilateral triangular outer contour 23a, to form a regular hexagon as a whole. As a result, the unit design portion 28 has a regular hexagonal contour 28a when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10.

[0210] In the example shown in Fig. 31, the plurality of unit design parts 28 are arranged regularly. In the example shown in Fig. 31, the plurality of unit design parts 28 having regular hexagonal contours 28a form a honeycomb structure. Although not shown, the plurality of unit design parts 28 may be arranged in an irregular arrangement. The plurality of unit design parts 28 have the same shape as one another as a whole.

[0211] The distance w4 shown in FIG. 31 is the distance between the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 and the first reference line L1 of the unit optical element 13 included in the unit design portion 28. The distance w5 shown in FIG. 31 is the distance between the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 included in the unit design portion 28. In the example shown in FIG. 31, the distance w4 is smaller than the distance w5. In the example shown in FIG. 31, the distance w4 is smaller than the distance w5 for all the unit optical elements 13 included in one unit design portion 28. Since the decorative laminate 10 has multiple unit design portions 28 and the distance w4 is smaller than the distance w5, the strength of the three-dimensional effect is emphasized, and a design expression with a three-dimensional effect not previously seen can be realized. In particular, since the distance w4 is smaller than the distance w5, all of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit design portion 28 become distorted unit optical elements 231. This allows the observer to perceive an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 from the outer contour 23a to the first reference line L1 due to the action of the distorted unit optical element 231. In particular, the observer can visually perceive an inclined surface that approaches deeper in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 or approaches further forward as one moves from the contour 28a of the unit design portion 28 toward the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 in the planar direction. As an example, consider a case where all of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit design portion 28 function as convex lenses. In this case, the observer can visually perceive an inclined surface that approaches further forward in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 as one moves from the contour 28a of the unit design portion 28 toward the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 in the planar direction.

[0212] <<Modification 3: Modification of Unit Optical Element>> The method of arranging the plurality of unit optical elements 13 is not limited to the above-described examples. FIG. 32 is a plan view showing an example of a decorative laminate 10 according to Modification 3. FIG. 33 is a plan view showing another example of the decorative laminate 10 according to Modification 3. In the examples shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 , the decorative laminate 10 includes at least one unit optical element row 29 including a plurality of unit optical elements 13 aligned in one direction from the first side SA1 to the second side SA2. In the examples shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 , the decorative laminate 10 includes one unit optical element row 29. Although not shown, the decorative laminate 10 may include a plurality of unit optical element rows 29. In this case, the plurality of unit optical element rows 29 may be arranged parallel to one another. The plurality of unit optical element rows 29 may be arranged non-parallel to one another. The direction in which the plurality of unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 are aligned is referred to as the alignment direction DA. In the example shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the plurality of unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are aligned in the arrangement direction DA from the first side SA1 to the second side SA2.

[0213] In the plurality of unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29, the distance between the end 23c on the first side SA1 of the unit optical element 13 and the first reference line L1 of the unit optical element 13 is defined as a distance w6. In the examples shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 , the distance w6 becomes smaller for a unit optical element 13 located closer to the first side SA1. As an example, in FIG. 32, the unit optical element 13 labeled 23D is located closer to the first side SA1 than the unit optical element 13 labeled 23E. In this case, the distance w6 in the unit optical element 13 labeled 23D is smaller than the distance w6 in the unit optical element 13 labeled 23E.

[0214] In the example shown in Fig. 32, the widths w7 in the arrangement direction DA of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are the same. In the example shown in Fig. 32, the sizes of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are the same. In the example shown in Fig. 32, the shapes of the outer contours 23a of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are the same. In the example shown in Fig. 32, the unit optical element row 29 includes one non-distortion unit optical element 232 and four distortion unit optical elements 231.

[0215] In the example shown in FIG. 33 , the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 include a first row-forming unit optical element 23F and a second row-forming unit optical element 23G that is different in size from the first row-forming unit optical element 23F. In the example shown in FIG. 33 , the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are different in size. In the example shown in FIG. 33 , the shapes of the outer contours 23a of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 are similar to each other. In the example shown in FIG. 33 , the width w7 in the arrangement direction DA of the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 becomes smaller as the unit optical element 13 is located closer to the first side SA1. Although not shown, the width w7 may also become larger as the unit optical element 13 is located closer to the first side SA1. In the example shown in FIG. 33 , the unit optical element row 29 includes one non-distortion unit optical element 232 and four distortion unit optical elements 231.

[0216] The distance w6 becomes smaller for unit optical elements 13 located closer to the first side SA1, thereby realizing a three-dimensional design expression not previously seen. In particular, in the example shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 , the unit optical element row 29 includes multiple distortion unit optical elements 231. The distortion unit optical elements 231 can make the shaping surface 20a appear distorted rather than flat to the viewer. The following effect can be achieved by the unit optical element row 29 including multiple distortion unit optical elements 231 and the distance w6 becoming smaller for unit optical elements 13 located closer to the first side SA1. The effect of the distortion unit optical elements 231 making the shaping surface 20a appear distorted can be made to differ among the multiple distortion unit optical elements 231 included in the unit optical element row 29. As an example, the effect of the distortion unit optical elements 231 making the shaping surface 20a appear distorted can be made stronger for distortion unit optical elements 231 located closer to the first side SA1. This makes it possible to express a more complex concave-convex shape with a three-dimensional effect. In addition, in the example shown in Fig. 33, the multiple unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 include a row-forming first unit optical element 23F and a row-forming second unit optical element 23G that is different in size from the row-forming first unit optical element 23F. This makes it possible for the unit optical element row 29 to realize a design expression with an even more emphasized three-dimensional effect.

[0217] <<Modification 4: Modification of Unit Optical Element>> The shape of the unit optical element 13 including the first inclined surface 26A1 and the second inclined surface 26A2 is not limited to the above-described shape. FIG. 34 is a plan view showing an example of a decorative laminate 10 of Modification 4. The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 34 has, as the unit optical element 13, a distorted unit optical element 231 in which the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXXV-XXXV in FIG. 34. FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view showing only the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 of the decorative laminate 10 in particular. As shown in FIG. 34, when at least one of the distorted unit optical elements 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the first inclined surfaces 26A1 may be located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line L1 but may not be located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line L2. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the first tilting surface 26A1 designated by reference symbol 26A11 is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line L1, but is not located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line L2. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the first tilting surface 26A1 designated by reference symbol 26A11 occupies the area designated by reference symbol α around the first reference line L1. The area designated by reference symbol α is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line L1. Therefore, it can be said that the first tilting surface 26A1 designated by reference symbol 26A11 is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line L1. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the first tilting surface 26A1 designated by reference symbol 26A11 occupies the area designated by reference symbol β around the second reference line L2. The area designated by reference symbol β is not located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line L2. Therefore, it can be said that the first inclined surface 26A1 denoted by reference symbol 26A11 is not located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line L2. Furthermore, when at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the second inclined surfaces 26A2 may be located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line L2 and not in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line L1. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the second inclined surface 26A2 denoted by reference symbol 26A21 is located in an area of ​​180° or more around the second reference line L2 and not in an area of ​​180° or more around the first reference line L1.

[0218] 34 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 where the first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged does not surround the second region 235 where the second inclined surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 are arranged. Furthermore, the second region 235 does not surround the first region 234.

[0219] In the example shown in FIG. 34, the decorative laminate 10 has a plurality of unit optical elements 13 having a rectangular outer contour 23a. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are aligned in a first direction D1 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and a second direction D2 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and intersects with the first direction D1. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are aligned in the first direction D1 and a second direction D2 that is perpendicular to the first direction D1. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the first direction D1 coincides with the X direction Dx, and the second direction D2 coincides with the Y direction Dy. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 are arranged in a square.

[0220] In the example shown in Figure 34, when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the second reference line L2 is offset from the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231. In this case, when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the distance w8 between the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231 shown in Figure 34 and the second reference line L2 is 5% or more of the maximum width w2 of the distortion unit optical element 231. The distance w8 may be 15% or more of the width w2, or may be 30% or more. For example, the distance w8 is 45% or less of the width w2.

[0221] In the example shown in FIG. 34, a portion of the distortion unit optical element 231, centered on the first reference line L1, functions as a lens centered on the first reference line L1. The portion of the distortion unit optical element 231 that functions as a lens is referred to as lens region 23J. The lens region 23J that functions as a lens centered on the first reference line L1 is referred to as first lens region 23H. In the example shown in FIG. 34, a portion of the distortion unit optical element 231, centered on the second reference line L2, functions as a lens centered on the second reference line L2. The region that functions as a lens centered on the second reference line L2 is referred to as second lens region 23I. In the example shown in FIG. 35, the first reference line L1 is located at the vertex of the curved surface 25a of the concave-convex structure 25 that protrudes from the back side surface 12 toward the front side surface 11. In the example shown in FIG. 35, the first lens region 23H functions as a convex lens. In the example shown in FIG. 35, the first reference line L1 is located at the apex of the curved surface 25b of the concave-convex structure 25 that protrudes from the front side surface 11 toward the back side surface 12. In the example shown in FIG. 35, the second lens region 23I functions as a concave lens. Although not shown, the first lens region 23H may function as a concave lens, and the second lens region 23I may function as a convex lens. Although not shown, both the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I may function as convex lenses. Although not shown, both the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I may function as concave lenses. In the examples shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, the multiple lens regions 23J are arranged so as not to overlap each other.

[0222] In the example shown in FIGS. 34 and 35 , the unit optical element 13, which is the distortion unit optical element 231, includes a first inclined surface 26A1 and a second inclined surface 26A2. When the distortion unit optical element 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the first inclined surfaces 26A1 is located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line L1 and is not located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line L2. When the distortion unit optical element 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the second inclined surfaces 26A2 is located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line L2 and is not located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line L1. This allows the formation of a first lens region 23H and a second lens region 23I. In the example shown in FIG. 34 , the first lens region 23H is formed around the first reference line L1. The first lens region 23H is provided with a first tilting surface 26A1, designated by reference numeral 26A11, which is located within a 180° or greater range around the first reference line L1 but not within a 180° or greater range around the second reference line L2. The second lens region 23I is formed around the second reference line L2. The second lens region 23I is provided with a second tilting surface 26A2, designated by reference numeral 26A21, which is located within a 180° or greater range around the second reference line L2 but not within a 180° or greater range around the first reference line L1. The first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I each function as a single lens. This allows for a three-dimensional effect, achieving a design expression not previously possible. In particular, the viewer may perceive the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I as having a convex or concave portion. In the example shown in FIG. 34, the first lens region 23H functions as a convex lens. The second lens region 23I functions as a concave lens. In this case, the viewer may feel as if both a convex portion and a concave portion are formed in the distortion unit optical element 231. Since the second reference line L2 is offset from the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231, the viewer may feel as if the convex portion and the concave portion are formed at positions offset from the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0223] 34 includes a first lens region 23H that functions as a lens centered on the first reference line L1, and a second lens region 23I that functions as a lens centered on the second reference line L2. By including at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 with the first lens region 23H that functions as a lens centered on the first reference line L1 and the second lens region 23I that functions as a lens centered on the second reference line L2, the following effects can be obtained: The distortion of the distortion unit optical element 231 can be further emphasized, and a design with a more three-dimensional feel can be expressed.

[0224] 34 includes at least one continuous inclined surface 26C. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the continuous inclined surface 26C has a first continuous portion 26C1 extending in a direction circling the first reference line L1. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the continuous inclined surface 26C has a second continuous portion 26C2 extending in a direction circling the second reference line L2.

[0225] Another example of the distortion unit optical element 231 in Modification 4 will be described. Fig. 36 is a diagram showing a plan view of another example of the distortion unit optical element 231 in Modification 4. Fig. 37 is a diagram showing a plan view of another example of the distortion unit optical element 231 in Modification 4. The distortion unit optical element 231 shown in Figs. 36 and 37 does not have the continuous inclined surface 26C.

[0226] 36 and 37, lens region 23J has a structure in which linear Fresnel lenses are combined. In the example shown in Fig. 36, each lens region 23J has a diamond-shaped outer contour. In the example shown in Fig. 37, each lens region 23J has an equilateral triangular outer contour.

[0227] 36 and 37, the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I both function as convex lenses. Although not shown, the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I may both function as concave lenses. This makes it possible for the viewer to perceive as if multiple convex portions or multiple concave portions are formed in the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0228] The distortion unit optical element 231 may have three or more lens regions 23J. In other words, the distortion unit optical element 231 may have a lens region 23J other than the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I. In this case, the distortion unit optical element 231 includes three or more groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B. Each of the three or more groups of inclined surfaces 26A is aligned in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and inclined toward the reference line. Each of the three or more lens regions 23J is formed around the reference line for each of the three or more groups of inclined surfaces 26A. The reference lines for each of the three or more groups of inclined surfaces 26A are located at different positions from each other. In the example shown in FIG. 37, the distortion unit optical element 231 has six lens regions 23J. In this case, the distortion unit optical element 231 includes six groups of inclined surfaces 26A and connecting surfaces 26B. Each of the six groups of inclined surfaces 26A is aligned in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and is inclined toward the reference line. Six lens regions 23J are formed around the reference line for each of the six groups of inclined surfaces 26A. In the example shown in FIG. 37, the multiple lens regions 23J are arranged so as to be in contact with each other without any gaps between them. When the distortion unit optical element 231 has three or more lens regions 23J, it can be perceived by the viewer that a more complex uneven shape is formed in the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0229] In the above example, the multiple lens regions 23J are arranged so as not to overlap one another. However, the arrangement of the multiple lens regions 23J is not limited to this. At least a portion of at least one lens region 23J included in the multiple lens regions 23J may overlap at least a portion of at least another lens region 23J. As an example, at least a portion of the first lens region 23H may overlap at least a portion of the second lens region 23I.

[0230] Fig. 38 is a diagram showing a plan view of another example of the distortion unit optical element 231 in Modification Example 4. In the example shown in Fig. 38, the distortion unit optical element 231 has three lens regions 23J. Each of the three lens regions 23J functions as a lens similar to the unit optical element 13 shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In the example shown in Fig. 38, the three lens regions 23J partially overlap each other.

[0231] In the distortion unit optical element 231 of Modification 4, the second reference line L2 may pass through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This makes it possible to make the viewer feel as if a convex or concave portion is formed at the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0232] 38, the shape-imparting layer 20 may have regions where the lens regions 23J overlap each other. This allows the lens regions 23J to function as a single lens while overlapping each other.

[0233] <<Modification 5: Modification of Layer Structure>> <Modifications of the brightness adjusting layer shown in Figs. 39 and 40> In the above-described specific examples, the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a colored layer 30a, but the present invention is not limited to this example. As shown in Fig. 39, the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be a reflective layer 30b. In the example shown in Fig. 39, the shaping surface 20a is covered with a reflective layer 30b, which is a single covering layer.

[0234] The reflective layer 30b covers the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20, thereby forming a reflective interface 36 between the shaping surface 20a and the reflective layer 30b. The reflective layer 30b improves the reflectivity of visible light at the reflective interface 36 between the shaping surface 20a and the reflective layer 30b, thereby adjusting the brightness of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10. The reflective layer 30b can be formed by vapor deposition of a metal or inorganic material, or by coating of a metal or inorganic material. The reflective layer 30b may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. The reflective layer 30b is formed as a thin film-like layer. The thickness of the reflective layer 30b may be thinner than the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B. The thickness of the reflective layer 30b may be less than half the height H25 of the concave-convex structure 25, less than 25% of the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B, or less than 10% of the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B. The reflective layer 30b having such a thickness does not fill in the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a, but has irregularities corresponding to the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a on the side opposite to the side facing the shaping surface 20a. Although not shown, the reflective layer 30b may fill in the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a. As an example, when the decorative laminate 10 includes the reflective layer 30b and the shaping layer 20 is transparent, the reflective interface 36 formed between the shaping surface 20a and the reflective layer 30b becomes visible from the front side surface 11.

[0235] In the example shown in FIG. 39, the brightness adjustment layer 30 (reflective layer 30b) has unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a on the side opposite to the side facing the shaping surface 20a. The unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30 is filled with the bonding layer 38. Although not shown, similar to the example of the colored layer 30a shown in FIG. 4, the reflective layer 30b may be formed so as to fill the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 39, the surface of the reflective layer 30b facing the bonding layer 38 has unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the Fresnel lens surface. Therefore, the bonding layer 38 has unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the Fresnel lens surface.

[0236] The reflective layer 30b is preferably made of a material that improves the reflectivity of the reflective interface 36 formed by the reflective layer 30b, and more preferably of a material that is radio wave transparent. In this case, the reflective layer 30b can be made of, for example, a metal material such as aluminum, indium, or tin, or zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc sulfide, or aluminum oxide. In particular, when the decorative laminate 10 is joined to the molded portion 65 by insert molding, the reflective layer 30b can be made of, for example, a metal material such as indium or tin, or zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc sulfide, or aluminum oxide.

[0237] As described above, the electromagnetic waves used in the sensor 5 pass through the decorative laminate 10. If the reflective layer 30b is formed as a layer that continuously extends over the entire shaping surface 20a, the electromagnetic waves are blocked or attenuated. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 40 , the reflective layer 30b may include multiple metal particle portions 31. The metal particle portions 31 have a metallic luster and are capable of reflecting visible light. The reflective layer 30b forms islands in a so-called sea-island structure. The island-shaped metal particle portions 31 are spaced apart from one another. Between the multiple metal particle portions 31, gaps are provided that form the sea of ​​the sea-island structure. The electromagnetic waves used in the sensor 5, such as millimeter waves, pass through the reflective layer 30b by passing through these gaps. Such a metal layer can be formed by sputtering, vacuum deposition, or other deposition using, for example, an indium material. The reflective layer 30b may be seamlessly and integrally formed across multiple unit optical elements 13.

[0238] The thickness of the reflective layer 30b is preferably a thickness that can improve the reflectance of the reflective interface 36 formed by the reflective layer 30b. The thickness of the reflective layer 30b may be, for example, 0.005 μm or more. Alternatively, the thickness of the reflective layer 30b may be 20 μm or less. Therefore, the thickness of the reflective layer 30b may be 0.005 μm or more and 20 μm or less. The thicknesses of the reflective layer 30b and the other layers included in the decorative laminate 10 can also be measured by observing an image of a cross section of the decorative laminate 10 using a scanning electron microscope.

[0239] The decorative laminate 10 including the reflective layer 30b can be manufactured by a manufacturing method for the decorative laminate 10 including a step of forming the reflective layer 30b on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. In this case, in the step of forming the reflective layer 30b, the reflective layer 30b is formed on the shaping surface 20a by a film formation technique such as sputtering or vacuum deposition.

[0240] <Modification of the brightness adjustment layer shown in FIG. 41A> Although the example in which the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a reflective layer 30b has been described above, the form of the decorative laminate 10 is not limited to this example. As shown in FIG. 41A, the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be a refractive index modulation layer 30c. In the example shown in FIG. 41A, the shape-imparting surface 20a is covered with a refractive index modulation layer 30c, which is a single covering layer. The refractive index modulation layer 30c is a layer whose refractive index differs from that of the shape-imparting layer 20. When the concavo-convex structure 25 of the shape-imparting layer 20 is covered with the refractive index modulation layer 30c, a reflective interface 36 is formed between the shape-imparting layer 20 and the refractive index modulation layer 30c, thereby improving the reflectance of light on the shape-imparting surface 20a. This adjusts the brightness of light reflected by the decorative laminate 10.

[0241] The refractive index modulation layer 30c can be formed by vapor deposition or coating of a high refractive index material (for example, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide, or a metal nitride). The refractive index modulation layer 30c may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. The high refractive index material that forms the refractive index modulation layer 30c can be any one of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, and barium titanate, or a combination of these. The refractive index modulation layer 30c may also be a transparent vapor deposition layer. By forming the refractive index modulation layer 30c from such a material, the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the refractive index modulation layer 30c can be improved.

[0242] When the refractive index modulation layer 30c is formed by coating with a high refractive index material, the refractive index modulation layer 30c can be formed, for example, by the following method. Specifically, ink containing high refractive index particles with an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less made of a high refractive index material is prepared, and the ink is coated on the shaping surface 20a. This allows the refractive index modulation layer 30c to be formed. For example, a zirconium oxide dispersion (SZR series (product name) manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) can be used as the ink containing such high refractive index particles. The ink may or may not contain a binder resin. Examples of the binder resin that can be used include ultraviolet curable resins and ionizing radiation curable resins. Ionizing radiation curable resins include electron beam curable resins. The refractive index modulation layer 30c containing ultraviolet curable resins or electron beam curable resins as the binder resin is flexible and extensible. Therefore, when the decorative laminate 10 is curved or stretched along the surface of the molding portion 65, the refractive index modulation layer 30c can be curved or stretched as desired. In other words, there is little risk that the refractive index modulation layer 30c will prevent the decorative laminate 10 from bending or stretching.

[0243] In a modification in which the brightness adjustment layer 30 is the refractive index modulation layer 30c, for example, the rise angle θB of the concave-convex structure 25 is not 0° but is 15° or more, which makes it easy to form the refractive index modulation layer 30c on the connecting surface 26B.

[0244] The refractive index modulation layer 30c may be formed as a thin film-like layer, similar to the reflective layer 30b shown in FIG. 39. In this case, the thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be thinner than the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B. The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be half or less of the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B, 25% or less of the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B, or 10% or less of the height H26 of the connecting surface 26B. The refractive index modulation layer 30c with such a thickness does not fill in the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a, but has irregularities on the side opposite to the side facing the shaping surface 20a that correspond to the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a.

[0245] Alternatively, the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be formed so as to fill in the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a, similar to the example shown in FIG.

[0246] The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 30c is preferably a thickness that can improve the reflectance of the reflective interface 36 formed by the refractive index modulation layer 30c. The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be, for example, 0.005 μm or more. The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be 20 μm or less.

[0247] <Modification of Reflection Interface> In the specific example described above, the luminance adjustment layer 30 forms a reflective interface 36 with the shape-imparting layer 20, but this is not limiting. Whether the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the colored layer 30a, the reflective layer 30b, or the refractive index modulation layer 30c, the luminance adjustment layer 30 may form a reflective interface 36 with a layer (e.g., the bonding layer 38 in FIG. 39 ) facing the surface 33 opposite the surface 32 facing the shape-imparting layer 20. In this case, as shown in FIG. 39 , if the luminance adjustment layer 30 has irregularities on the opposite surface 33 that correspond to the irregularities of the shape-imparting surface 20a, the reflective interface 36 on the opposite surface 33 will have a shape that corresponds to the irregularities of the shape-imparting surface 20a. Therefore, the reflective interface 36 on the opposite surface 33 imparts an optical effect to light incident on the unit optical element 13 in accordance with the irregularity structure 25 of the shape-imparting layer 20. In this case as well, the brightness adjusting layer 30 adjusts the reflectance of visible light at the reflective interface 36, and the reflectance of visible light measured on the front surface 11 side of the decorative laminate 10 is adjusted.

[0248] Therefore, when the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a refractive index modulation layer 30c and the opposite surface 33 has irregularities corresponding to the irregularities of the shaping surface 20a, the refractive index modulation layer 30c may form a reflective interface 36 with a layer facing the opposite surface 33 (the bonding layer 38 in the example shown in FIG. 41A). In this case, the refractive index of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be different from the refractive index of the layer facing the opposite surface 33 (the bonding layer 38 in the example shown in FIG. 41A). In this case, the reflective interface 36 may not be formed between the refractive index modulation layer 30c and the shaping layer 20. More specifically, the refractive index of the refractive index modulation layer 30c may be the same as the refractive index of the shaping layer 20.

[0249] When the brightness adjustment layer 30 has, on the opposite surface 33 thereof, irregularities corresponding to the irregularities of the shaping surface 20 a , a reflective interface 36 may be formed on both sides of the brightness adjustment layer 30 .

[0250] <Decorative laminate and decorative member shown in Fig. 2B and Fig. 2C> When the brightness adjustment layer 30 is the reflective layer 30b or the refractive index modulation layer 30c, the decorative laminate 10 may further include a coloring layer 45. This allows the decorative laminate 10 to be colored to a desired color. Furthermore, the brightness of the reflected light from the decorative laminate 10 can be adjusted not only by the brightness adjustment layer 30 but also by the coloring layer 45. In the example shown in FIGS. 2B and 41B, the coloring layer 45 is disposed closer to the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10 than the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30. In FIG. 41B and FIGS. 41C to 41K, which will be described later, an enlarged view of the portion of the decorative laminate 10 where the unit shape-imparting elements 23 and the gap regions 24 are formed is shown. More specifically, in the example shown in FIGS. 2B and 41B, the bonding layer 38, the coloring layer 45, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the functional layer 37 are stacked in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The coloring layer 45 covers the luminance adjustment layer 30. In the example shown in FIG. 41B, the coloring layer 45 is observed through the functional layer 37, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the luminance adjustment layer 30. Therefore, the functional layer 37, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the luminance adjustment layer 30 are transparent. As shown in FIG. 2C, the coloring layer 45 may be disposed closer to the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 than the shape-imparting layer 20 and the luminance adjustment layer 30. In this case, the shape-imparting layer 20 and / or the luminance adjustment layer 30 are observed through the coloring layer 45. Therefore, the coloring layer 45 is transparent.

[0251] The coloring layer 45 contains a pigment or a dye. The coloring layer 45 may be formed of the same material and by the same method as the coloring layer 30a described above. As shown in FIG. 41B , the coloring layer 45 may function as a planarizing layer that fills in the unevenness of the luminance adjustment layer 30.

[0252] In the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 41B, the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 can also be made to appear thicker effectively than the actual thickness.

[0253] <Decorative laminate shown in Figure 41C> When the brightness adjustment layer 30 does not fill the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a, the decorative laminate 10 may have a filling layer 40 that fills the unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30. The filling layer 40 is a planarizing layer that fills the unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30. In the example shown in FIG. 41C, the surface of the brightness adjustment layer 30 facing the filling layer 40 has unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 41C, the bonding layer 38, the filling layer 40, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shaping layer 20, and the functional layer 37 are laminated in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The filling layer 40 may be produced by supplying an ionizing radiation curable resin composition onto the brightness adjustment layer 30 and curing it on the brightness adjustment layer 30.

[0254] The filling layer 40 may be a transparent or opaque resin layer. When the filling layer 40 is opaque, it can conceal at least a portion of the article to which the decorative member 3 is applied. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1B, the filling layer 40 is opaque, so that the decorative member 3 can conceal the sensor 5. In other words, the filling layer 40 may also serve as the concealing layer 60 described below.

[0255] <Decorative laminate and decorative member shown in Figure 2D> As shown in FIGS. 2D and 41D , the decorative laminate 10 may include a backer layer 55. The backer layer 55 reinforces the decorative laminate 10 and maintains the shape of the decorative laminate 10 as an integrated unit. The backer layer 55 enhances the strength of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, as described below, the decorative laminate 10 can be preformed before being bonded to a molding portion 65. In the example shown in FIGS. 2D and 41D , the backer layer 55, the bonding layer 56, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the functional layer 37 are stacked in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. For example, the backer layer 55 forms the front surface 11 or the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. In the example shown in FIGS. 2D and 41D , the backer layer 55 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0256] Examples of materials that can be used to form the backer layer include ABS resin, polyolefin resin, styrene resin, (meth)acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, and polycarbonate resin. Polypropylene resin is preferred as the polyolefin resin. Among these resins, ABS resin, polypropylene resin, and polycarbonate resin are particularly preferred. Furthermore, when the material forming the molded portion 65 is ABS resin, ABS resin is preferred as the material for forming the backer layer. When the material forming the molded portion 65 is polypropylene resin, polypropylene resin is preferred as the material for forming the backer layer. When the material forming the molded portion 65 is polycarbonate resin, polycarbonate resin is preferred as the material for forming the backer layer. The backer layer 55 may be a film-like member made from the above-mentioned backer layer material. The thickness of the backer layer 55 is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

[0257] The backer layer 55 may be transparent or opaque. When the backer layer 55 is opaque, it can conceal at least a portion of the article to which the decorative member 3 is applied. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1B , the backer layer 55 is opaque, so that the decorative member 3 can conceal the sensor 5. In other words, the backer layer 55 may also serve as the concealing layer 60 described below.

[0258] The bonding layer 56 bonds the backer layer 55 to the other layers of the decorative laminate 10. The bonding layer 56 may be made of the same material as the bonding layer 38.

[0259] <Method of manufacturing the decorative member shown in Figure 2D> Next, a method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2D will be described with reference to Fig. 8 to Fig. 11, Fig. 41E and Fig. 41F. Fig. 41E and Fig. 41F are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing the decorative laminate 10 shown in Fig. 2D and Fig. 41D.

[0260] First, a release layer 37a, a shape-imparting layer 20, and a brightness adjustment layer 30 are formed on a substrate 72 using a method similar to that shown in Figures 8 to 11. Then, as shown in Figure 41E, a bonding layer 56 is formed on the brightness adjustment layer 30. Next, as shown in Figure 41F, a backer layer 55 is bonded to the bonding layer 56. Finally, the substrate 72 is peeled off from the decorative laminate 10. In this manner, the decorative laminate 10 shown in Figure 41D is produced.

[0261] Next, the decorative laminate 10 is preformed using a preform mold corresponding to the shape of the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The preformed decorative laminate 10 is then placed in a mold for molding the molded portion 65. Next, molten resin is introduced between the back surface 12 (i.e., the backer layer 55) of the decorative laminate 10 and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin is solidified in the mold. As a result, the molded portion 65 joined to the decorative laminate 10 is molded in the mold, and the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 41D is completed. This method of molding the decorative member 3 is known as insert molding.

[0262] <Decorative laminate and decorative member shown in Figure 2E> In the above-described example, the decorative laminate 10 has the functional layer 37 as the release layer 37a, but this is not limited thereto. The functional layer 37 may also be a support layer 37b that supports other layers of the decorative laminate 10. In the example shown in Figures 2E and 41G, the backer layer 55, the bonding layer 56, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the support layer 37b are stacked in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0263] The material constituting the support layer 37b may be any material that has appropriate support properties, such as acrylic ester, ABS, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, polypropylene, etc.

[0264] In the examples shown in FIGS. 2E and 41G, the support layer 37b forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. Therefore, it is preferable that the support layer 37b has a scratch-resistant function. In this case, the support layer 37b also functions as a protective layer. By using such a support layer 37b to form the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the risk of the concave-convex structure 25 being damaged by an external force applied to the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3 is effectively reduced. The support layer 37b may have other functions, such as an anti-reflection function, an anti-glare function, an anti-static function, and an anti-fouling function.

[0265] <Method of manufacturing the decorative member shown in FIG. 2E> Next, a method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2E will be described with reference to Fig. 41H to Fig. 41J. Fig. 41H to Fig. 41J are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing the decorative laminate 10 shown in Fig. 2E and Fig. 41G.

[0266] First, a flat substrate is prepared as the support layer 37b. Next, as shown in FIG. 41H, the shape-imparting layer 20 is formed on the support layer 37b. The shape-imparting layer 20 is formed by a method similar to that shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. That is, first, a layer 20c of the precursor material of the shape-imparting layer 20 is formed on the support layer 37b. Next, a shape-imparting mold 100 is pressed against the layer 20c, and then the layer 20c is hardened. This forms the shape-imparting layer 20.

[0267] Next, as shown in Fig. 41I, the brightness adjustment layer 30 is formed on the shape-imparting surface 20a of the shape-imparting layer 20. Next, as shown in Fig. 41J, a bonding layer 56 is formed on the brightness adjustment layer 30. Next, a backer layer 55 is bonded to the bonding layer 56. In this manner, the decorative laminate 10 shown in Fig. 41G is produced.

[0268] Next, the decorative laminate 10 is preformed using a preform mold corresponding to the shape of the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The preformed decorative laminate 10 is then placed in a mold for molding the molded portion 65. Next, molten resin is introduced between the back surface 12 (i.e., the backer layer 55) of the decorative laminate 10 and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin is solidified in the mold. As a result, the molded portion 65 bonded to the decorative laminate 10 is molded in the mold, and the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2E is completed.

[0269] When the functional layer 37 is the support layer 37b, the decorative laminate 10 does not need to include the bonding layer 56 or the backer layer 55. In the example shown in FIG. 2F , the luminance adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, and the support layer 37b are laminated in this order from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The support layer 37b forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the luminance adjustment layer 30 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0270] <Method of manufacturing the decorative member shown in Figure 2F> Next, a method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2F will be described with reference to FIGS. 41H and 41I.

[0271] First, a shape-imparting layer 20 is formed on the support layer 37b by a method similar to that shown in Fig. 41H. Next, a brightness adjusting layer 30 is formed on the shape-imparting surface 20a of the shape-imparting layer 20 by a method similar to that shown in Fig. 41I. In this manner, the decorative laminate 10 shown in Fig. 2F is produced.

[0272] Next, the decorative laminate 10 is preformed using a preform mold corresponding to the shape of the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The preformed decorative laminate 10 is then placed in a mold for forming the molded portion 65. Next, molten resin is introduced between the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10 (i.e., the brightness adjustment layer 30) and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin is solidified in the mold. As a result, the molded portion 65 bonded to the decorative laminate 10 is formed in the mold, and the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2F is completed.

[0273] <Hidden Layer> As described below, the decorative laminate 10 may have an opaque concealing layer 60. The concealing layer 60 conceals at least a portion of the article or molded portion 65 to which the decorative member 3 is applied. The concealing layer 60 may be composed of, for example, a pigment and / or dye and a binder resin. The concealing layer 60 may be formed of the same material as the colored layer 45. Preferred pigments contained in the concealing layer 60 include black pigments such as carbon black, white pigments such as titanium oxide, and aluminum-based pigments. The inclusion of such pigments in the concealing layer 60 improves the concealing properties of the concealing layer 60. Alternatively, the concealing layer 60 may be formed by vapor-depositing a metal such as aluminum, indium, or tin onto another layer of the decorative laminate 10.

[0274] <Other layers> The decorative laminate 10 may include layers other than the layers described above. For example, the decorative laminate 10 may include a pattern layer on which a pattern such as a figure, design, picture, photograph, character, mark, pictogram, letter, or number is formed. The pattern layer may also provide a design expression that displays a background on the decorative laminate 10. The pattern layer may be provided with, for example, a wood grain or marble pattern, a metallic texture, or a geometric pattern. The pattern layer may be a print layer formed by printing, or a transfer layer formed by transfer.

[0275] <Modification of decorative member> 2A to 2F, the decorative laminate 10 forms the front side surface 3a of the decorative member 3, but is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 2G to 2J, the decorative laminate 10 may form the back side surface 3b of the decorative member 3. Furthermore, in the example shown in FIGS. 2A to 2F, the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 are laminated in this order from the front side surface 3a toward the back side surface 3b of the decorative laminate 10, but is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 2G to 2I, the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be laminated in this order from the back side surface 3b toward the front side surface 3a of the decorative laminate 10.

[0276] <Decorative material shown in Figure 2G> 2G, the decorative laminate 10 includes a functional layer 37, a shape-imparting layer 20, a brightness adjustment layer 30, and a bonding layer 38. The functional layer 37, the shape-imparting layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 38 are laminated in this order in a direction from the back surface 3b toward the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The bonding layer 38 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the functional layer 37 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The bonding layer 38 bonds the back surface 67 of the molding portion 65 to the other layers of the decorative laminate 10.

[0277] The decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2G can be produced by the same method as the decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2A. In the example shown in Fig. 2G, the brightness adjustment layer 30 and / or the shape-imparting layer 20 are observed through the molding portion 65 and the bonding layer 38. Therefore, the molding portion 65 and the bonding layer 38 are transparent. The brightness adjustment layer 30 may also be transparent.

[0278] <Decorative material shown in Figure 2H> 2H, the decorative laminate 10 includes a functional layer 37, a shape-imparting layer 20, a brightness adjustment layer 30, a bonding layer 56, and a backer layer 55. The functional layer 37, the shape-imparting layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the bonding layer 56, and the backer layer 55 are laminated in this order in a direction from the back surface 3b toward the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The backer layer 55 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the functional layer 37 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The backer layer 55 is bonded to the back surface 67 of the molding portion 65.

[0279] The decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2H can be produced by the same method as the decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2D. In the example shown in Fig. 2H, the brightness adjustment layer 30 and / or the shape-imparting layer 20 are observed through the molding portion 65, the backer layer 55, and the bonding layer 56. Therefore, the molding portion 65, the backer layer 55, and the bonding layer 56 are transparent. The brightness adjustment layer 30 may also be transparent.

[0280] <Decorative material shown in Figure 2I> In the example shown in FIG. 2I, the decorative laminate 10 includes a functional layer 37, a shape-imparting layer 20, a brightness adjustment layer 30, an adhesive layer 56, and a backer layer 55. The functional layer 37, the shape-imparting layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the adhesive layer 56, and the backer layer 55 are laminated in this order in a direction from the back surface 3b toward the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The backer layer 55 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the functional layer 37 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The backer layer 55 is bonded to the back surface 67 of the molding portion 65.

[0281] The decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2I can be produced by the same method as the decorative member 3 shown in Fig. 2E. In the example shown in Fig. 2I, the brightness adjustment layer 30 and / or the shape-imparting layer 20 are observed through the molding portion 65, the backer layer 55, and the bonding layer 56. Therefore, the molding portion 65, the backer layer 55, and the bonding layer 56 are transparent. The brightness adjustment layer 30 may also be transparent.

[0282] <Decorative material shown in Figure 2J> 2J, the decorative laminate 10 includes a concealing layer 60, a brightness adjustment layer 30, a shape-imparting layer 20, a functional layer 37, and an adhesive layer 38. The concealing layer 60, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shape-imparting layer 20, the functional layer 37, and the adhesive layer 38 are laminated in this order in a direction from the back surface 3b toward the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The adhesive layer 38 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, and the concealing layer 60 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The adhesive layer 38 is bonded to the back surface 67 of the molding portion 65.

[0283] The decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2J can be produced as follows. First, the shape-imparting layer 20 and the brightness adjustment layer 30 are laminated on one surface of the functional layer 37 using a method similar to that shown in FIGS. 41H and 41I. Next, as shown in FIG. 41K, a concealing layer 60 is formed on the brightness adjustment layer 30. Next, as shown in FIG. 41L, a bonding layer 38 is formed on the other surface of the functional layer 37. After the step shown in FIG. 41L, the bonding layer 38 is bonded to the back surface 67 of the molding portion 65. This produces the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2J.

[0284] 2J, the brightness adjusting layer 30 and / or the shape-imparting layer 20 are observed through the molding portion 65, the bonding layer 38, and the functional layer 37. Therefore, the molding portion 65, the bonding layer 56, and the functional layer 37 are transparent. The brightness adjusting layer 30 may also be transparent.

[0285] As shown in Figures 2G to 2J, when the decorative laminate 10 forms the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3, and when the decorative laminate 10 is disposed between the back surface 3b of the decorative member 3 and the shaped portion 65 (in other words, when the shaped portion 65 is disposed between the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10), the shaped portion 65 may be transparent and colored. In this case, too, the decorative laminate 10 may include a colored layer 45, as shown in Figures 2K and 2L. In the example shown in Figure 2L, the shape-imparting layer 20 and / or the brightness adjustment layer 30 are observed through the colored layer 45. For this reason, the colored layer 45 is transparent.

[0286] Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 2M and 2N, the decorative laminate 10 may include a colored layer 68. In the example shown in FIG. 2M, the colored layer 68 forms the front side surface 3a of the decorative laminate 10. In particular, in the example shown in FIG. 2M, the colored layer 68 covers the front side surface 66 of the molded portion 65. In the example shown in FIG. 2M, the molded portion 65 and the decorative laminate 10 are observed through the colored layer 68. Therefore, the colored layer 68 is transparent. In the example shown in FIG. 2N, the colored layer 68 covers the back side surface 67 of the molded portion 65. In the example shown in FIG. 2N, the decorative laminate 10 is observed through the colored layer 68. Therefore, the colored layer 68 is transparent. The colored layer 68 shown in FIGS. 2M and 2N can be formed by applying a material similar to the colored layer 30a described above to the front side surface 66 or the back side surface 67 of the molded portion 65.

[0287] <<Modification 6: Modification of Decorative Member>> The shape of the decorative member 3 is not particularly limited. In other words, the shape of the molded portion 65 to which the decorative laminate 10 is applied is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 42 , the decorative member 3 may include a curved surface 69. More specifically, the molded portion 65 may include a curved surface 69 that corresponds to the curved surface 3 c of the decorative member 3, and the decorative laminate 10 may cover the curved surface 69 of the molded portion 65. By having the decorative laminate 10 cover the curved surface 69, an observer observing the curved surface 3 c of the decorative member 3 can grasp changes in the optical action of the decorative laminate 10 in response to changes in the angle of incidence of light on the decorative laminate 10, without having to move the decorative member 3. In other words, because the angle of incidence of light relative to the decorative laminate 10 varies depending on the location on the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3, an observer observing the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3 can perceive the movement of reflected light from the decorative laminate 10 by simply moving their line of sight, similar to when observing a flat decorative laminate 10 while changing its inclination. From the perspective of effectively grasping the changes in the optical action of the decorative laminate 10, the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the decorative member 3 (and therefore the curved surface of the molding portion 65) is preferably 250 mm or more, and more preferably 100 mm or more.

[0288] In the above-described specific example, the decorative laminate 10 covers the front side surface 66 of the molded portion 65, but this is not limiting. Although not shown, the decorative laminate 10 may cover the back side surface 67 of the molded portion 65. In this case, in the decorative member 3, the decorative laminate 10 and the molded portion 65 may be arranged so that the back side surface 67 of the molded portion 65 and the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 face each other.

[0289] According to the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 includes a shaping layer 20. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13 that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light according to the relief structure 25. The shaping surface 20a of the unit optical element 13 includes a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B that connect adjacent inclined surfaces 26A. The angle of the inclined surfaces 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 is larger than the angle of the connecting surfaces 26B that connect to the inclined surfaces 26A relative to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A include a first inclined surface 26A1 that is aligned in a direction toward a first reference line L1 that extends along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and is inclined toward the first reference line L1. The multiple connection surfaces 26B include a first connection surface 26B1 that connects adjacent first inclined surfaces 26A1. At least one of the unit optical elements 13 is a distortion unit optical element 231 in which the first reference line L1 is offset from the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This makes it possible to achieve a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before. In particular, the observer can perceive as if an inclined surface is formed in the area where one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 is formed, from the outer contour 23a in the planar direction to the first position 361, which is inclined with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10.

[0290] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces, and the connecting surfaces 26B are rise surfaces, which allows the unit optical element 13 to function as a lens.

[0291] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 includes the brightness adjusting layer 30 that covers the shaping surface 20a, which makes it possible to adjust the brightness of light reflected by the decorative laminate 10.

[0292] In the embodiment or its modification described above, in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231, the multiple inclined surfaces 26A include second inclined surfaces 26A2 that are aligned in a direction toward a second reference line L2 that extends along the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the second reference line L2, and the multiple connecting surfaces 26B include second connecting surfaces 26B2 that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. Such a decorative laminate 10 can achieve unprecedented design expressions.

[0293] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the second reference line L2 is located at a position different from the position of the first reference line L1 in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231. Such a decorative laminate 10 can realize a design expression that has not been achieved in the past.

[0294] In the embodiment or its modification described above, when at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the first inclined surfaces 26A1 is located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line L1 but is not located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line L2. Furthermore, when the distortion unit optical element 231 is observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, at least one of the second inclined surfaces 26A2 is located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line L2 but is not located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line L1. This allows the formation of the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I. This allows for the realization of a three-dimensional design that has not been achieved before. In particular, the viewer may perceive the first lens region 23H and the second lens region 23I as having a convex or concave portion formed therein.

[0295] In the embodiment or its modification described above, at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 includes a first region 234 in which the first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged, and a second region 235 in which the second inclined surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 are arranged. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the second region 235 surrounds the first region 234. Such a decorative laminate 10 can achieve unprecedented design expressions.

[0296] In the embodiment or its modification described above, at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 includes a first region 234 in which the first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged, and a second region 235 in which the second inclined surface 26A2 and the second connecting surface 26B2 are arranged. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the second region 235. Such a decorative laminate 10 can achieve unprecedented design expressions.

[0297] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the second reference line L2 passes through the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231. This makes it possible for the viewer to perceive as if a convex or concave portion is formed at the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0298] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the second reference line L2 is shifted from the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231. This makes it possible for the viewer to perceive as if convex or concave portions are formed at two positions shifted from the geometric center GC of the distortion unit optical element 231.

[0299] In the embodiment or its modification described above, at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231 includes a first region 234 where the first inclined surface 26A1 and the first connecting surface 26B1 are arranged, and a third region 236 where the shaping surface 20a is a flat or curved surface. When observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the first region 234 surrounds the third region 236. Such a decorative laminate 10 can realize design expressions that have not been seen before.

[0300] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first cone or first frustum in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 231. Such a decorative laminate 10 can realize a design expression not previously seen.

[0301] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the first inclined surface 26A1 forms a Fresnel lens structure in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements 13. Such a decorative laminate 10 can realize a design expression that has not been achieved before.

[0302] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the plurality of unit optical elements 13 include at least a first unit optical element 233a and a second unit optical element 233b. The positional relationship between the first reference line L1 of the first unit optical element 233a and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is different from the positional relationship between the first reference line L1 of the second unit optical element 233b and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13. This makes it possible to express a more complex concave-convex shape with a three-dimensional feel.

[0303] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 has a plurality of unit design portions 28 that have the same shape and include a plurality of unit optical elements 13. The distance w4 between the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 and the first reference line L1 of the unit optical element 13 included in the unit design portion 28 is smaller than the distance w5 between the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 and the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 included in the unit design portion 28. This allows for the realization of a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before. In particular, the viewer can visually recognize an inclined surface that slopes deeper in the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 or closer to the viewer as it moves from the outline 28a of the unit design portion 28 toward the geometric center GC1 of the unit design portion 28 in the planar direction.

[0304] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 includes at least one unit optical element row 29 including a plurality of unit optical elements 13 aligned in one direction from the first side SA1 to the second side SA2. The distance w6 between the end 23c of the unit optical element 13 on the first side SA1 and the first reference line L1 of the unit optical element 13 in the plurality of unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 becomes smaller as the unit optical element 13 is positioned closer to the first side SA1. This makes it possible to realize a design expression with a three-dimensional effect that has not been seen before.

[0305] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the plurality of unit optical elements 13 included in the unit optical element row 29 includes a row-forming first unit optical element 23F and a row-forming second unit optical element 23G that is different in size from the row-forming first unit optical element 23F. This allows the unit optical element row 29 to express a more complex concave-convex shape.

[0306] In the embodiment or its modification described above, when observed from the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are aligned in a first direction D1 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10, and in a second direction D2 that is perpendicular to the normal direction of the decorative laminate 10 and intersects with the first direction D1. Such a decorative laminate 10 can realize design expressions that have not been seen before.

[0307] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 has gap regions 24 formed between the plurality of unit optical elements 13. This makes it possible to effectively highlight the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13.

[0308] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the transfer sheet 70 includes a transfer substrate 72 and the decorative laminate 10. Such a transfer sheet 70 can realize design expressions not previously possible.

[0309] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 further includes a backer layer 55 that forms the front side surface 11 or the back side surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. This allows the backer layer 55 to reinforce the decorative laminate 10 and maintain the shape of the decorative laminate 10 as an integrated body.

[0310] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative member 3 includes the decorative laminate 10. Such a decorative member 3 can realize a design expression that has not been achieved before.

[0311] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the moving body 1 includes the decorative laminate 10. Such a moving body 1 can realize design expressions not previously available.

[0312] Although one embodiment and its modifications have been described with reference to specific examples, the above specific examples are not intended to limit the embodiment and modifications. The embodiment and modifications described above can be implemented in various other specific examples, and various omissions, substitutions, changes, additions, etc. can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0313] 1: moving body, 3: decorative member, 5: sensor, 10: decorative laminate, 13: unit optical element, 20: shaping layer, 20a: shaping surface, 20b: non-shaping surface, 23: unit shaping element, 234: first region, 235: second region, 24: gap region, 25: uneven structure, 26A: inclined surface, 26B: connecting surface, 30: brightness adjustment layer, 36: reflective interface, 65: molding portion, 70: transfer sheet, 72: transfer substrate

Claims

1. A decorative laminate having a shape-imparting layer, The shape-imparting layer has a shape-imparting surface on which a concave-convex structure is formed, The decorative laminate has at least one unit optical element that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light in accordance with the concave-convex structure, In the unit optical element, the shaping surface includes a plurality of inclined surfaces and a plurality of connecting surfaces connecting adjacent inclined surfaces, an angle of the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate is larger than an angle of the connecting surface connected to the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction; the plurality of inclined surfaces include first inclined surfaces aligned in a direction toward a first reference line extending along the normal direction and inclined toward the first reference line, the plurality of connection surfaces include first connection surfaces that connect adjacent first tilt surfaces, A decorative laminate, wherein at least one of the unit optical elements is a distorted unit optical element in which the first reference line is offset from the geometric center of the unit optical element.

2. the plurality of tilting surfaces are lens surfaces; The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of connecting surfaces are raised surfaces.

3. The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , further comprising a brightness adjusting layer covering the shaping surface.

4. 2. The decorative laminate of claim 1, wherein in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, the plurality of inclined surfaces include second inclined surfaces that are aligned in a direction toward a second reference line extending along the normal direction and inclined toward the second reference line, and the plurality of connecting surfaces include second connecting surfaces that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces.

5. The decorative laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the second reference line is located at a position different from a position of the first reference line in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements.

6. 5. The decorative laminate of claim 4, wherein, when observed from the normal direction of at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, at least one of the first inclined surfaces is located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line and is not located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line, and at least one of the second inclined surfaces is located in a region of 180° or more around the second reference line and is not located in a region of 180° or more around the first reference line.

7. At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a second region in which the second tilting surface and the second connecting surface are arranged, The decorative laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the second region surrounds the first region when observed from the normal direction.

8. At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a second region in which the second tilting surface and the second connecting surface are arranged, The decorative laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the first region surrounds the second region when observed from the normal direction.

9. The decorative laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the second reference line passes through a geometric center of the distortion unit optical element.

10. The decorative laminate according to claim 4 , wherein the second reference line is offset from the geometric center of the distortion unit optical element.

11. The decorative laminate described in claim 4, wherein at least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first lens region that functions as a lens centered on the first reference line and a second lens region that functions as a lens centered on the second reference line.

12. At least one of the distortion unit optical elements includes a first region in which the first tilting surface and the first connecting surface are arranged, and a third region in which the shaping surface is a flat surface or a curved surface, The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the first region surrounds the third region when observed from the normal direction.

13. The decorative laminate of claim 1, wherein in at least one of the distortion unit optical elements, the multiple first inclined surfaces form the shape of side surfaces at different height positions of a first cone or a first frustum, or parts of the side surfaces.

14. In a cross section of the unit optical element cut along an arbitrary plane including the first reference line, a standard deviation of the pitch of a first reference line-proximate inclined surface on one side of the first reference line is 5 μm or less and a standard deviation of the height is 1 μm or less, The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the first reference line-proximate inclined surface is a plurality of first inclined surfaces that are successively arranged in a position proximate to the first reference line.

15. The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the first tilting surface of at least one of the distortion unit optical elements forms a Fresnel lens structure.

16. the plurality of unit optical elements include at least a first unit optical element and a second unit optical element; The decorative laminate of claim 1, wherein the positional relationship between the first reference line and the geometric center of the first unit optical element is different from the positional relationship between the first reference line and the geometric center of the second unit optical element.

17. The decorative laminate has a plurality of unit design portions each having the same shape and including a plurality of the unit optical elements, The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the geometric center of the unit design part and the first reference line of the unit optical element included in the unit design part is smaller than the distance between the geometric center of the unit design part and the geometric center of the unit optical element included in the unit design part.

18. The decorative laminate includes at least one row of unit optical elements including a plurality of the unit optical elements arranged in one direction from a first side to a second side, The decorative laminate of claim 1, wherein, for the plurality of unit optical elements included in the unit optical element row, the distance between the first side end of the unit optical element and the first reference line of the unit optical element becomes smaller as the unit optical element is positioned closer to the first side.

19. The decorative laminate described in claim 18, wherein the plurality of unit optical elements included in the unit optical element row include a row-forming first unit optical element and a row-forming second unit optical element of a different size than the row-forming first unit optical element.

20. The decorative laminate of claim 1, wherein when observed from the normal direction, the geometric centers of the plurality of unit optical elements are aligned in a first direction perpendicular to the normal direction and in a second direction perpendicular to the normal direction and intersecting the first direction.

21. The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , having gap regions formed between a plurality of the unit optical elements.

22. The decorative laminate according to claim 21 , wherein the width of the gap region is 20 μm or more and 5000 μm or less.

23. A transfer substrate; A transfer sheet comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. The decorative laminate according to claim 1 , further comprising a backer layer that forms a front surface or a back surface of the decorative laminate.

25. A molding portion; A decorative member comprising: the decorative laminate according to claim 1 , which covers at least a portion of the molded portion.

26. A moving body comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

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