Specifically, this refers to speakers, speaker systems, and vehicles.

Abstract

DEPCT6910 / 10 / 2568 The content disclosed herein provides specifications for speakers and speaker systems. Vehicles and related to the field of acoustic device technology, specifically those that are... The speaker will include the frame (1), the speaker (2) and the passive vibrating plate (3) resonance frequency. The passive vibrating plate (3) has a value greater than the resonance frequency of the speaker (2), both speakers (2) And a passive vibrating plate (3) was mounted on the frame (1) and a cavity (110) was prepared. Among the frame(1), speaker(2) and passive vibrating plate(3), the frame(1) is provided with The vent(120) and the vent(120) are in contact with the cavity(110);

Description

Speaker modules, speaker systems, and vehicles

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202310072591.2 filed on January 12, 2023, entitled “Speaker Module, Speaker System and Vehicle,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of acoustic devices, and in particular to a speaker module, a speaker system, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] A speaker is an electroacoustic transducer that converts electrical energy into sound energy and radiates the sound energy to a distant place.

[0004] For speakers, how to improve both the low-frequency diving capability and the sound pressure level in the working frequency band is a key technical issue.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present disclosure provides a speaker module, a speaker system and a vehicle, wherein the speaker module includes a frame, a speaker and a passive vibration plate, wherein the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is greater than the resonant frequency of the speaker. The frame has an air vent, which is connected to the cavity between the frame, the speaker and the passive vibration plate. By connecting the air vent to a sufficiently large back cavity, the low-frequency diving capability of the speaker module can be improved. In addition, the sound waves radiated outward by the vibration of the speaker and the passive vibration plate can be superimposed, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module. The technical solutions of the speaker module, speaker system and vehicle are described as follows.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a speaker module comprising a frame, a speaker, and a passive vibration plate, wherein the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is greater than the resonant frequency of the speaker. The frame has a first opening, a second opening, and a vent. The speaker is located in the first opening, the passive vibration plate is located in the second opening, and a cavity is formed between the frame, the speaker, and the passive vibration plate, which is connected to the vent.

[0008] Among them, the frame is used to support the speaker and the passive vibration plate, and can play a certain protective role for the speaker and the passive vibration plate. The frame has a vent, which can be connected to the back cavity. The larger the volume of the back cavity, the smaller the resistance of the air in the back cavity and the frame to the vibration of the speaker and the passive vibration plate, and the smaller the effect of increasing the resonant frequency of the speaker. Since the lower limit frequency of the working frequency band of the speaker is near the resonant frequency of the speaker, the larger the volume of the back cavity connected to the vent, the stronger the low-frequency diving ability of the speaker module.

[0009] A loudspeaker has a vibrating assembly, which includes a vibrating plate. When the vibrating plate vibrates, it produces sound. A cavity can be located between the frame, the vibrating plate, and a passive vibrating plate. The vibrating plate can also be called a vibrating membrane, diaphragm, or vibrating basin.

[0010] Passive diaphragms are similar to vibrating plates, but they don't require electrical signals to operate. Instead, they generate sound through vibrations in the fluid and acoustic-solid coupling. When the vibrating plate in a speaker vibrates, the passive diaphragm is driven to vibrate. Passive diaphragms can also be called passive diaphragms, passive diaphragms, passive radiators (PR), and PR disks.

[0011] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure, on the one hand, since the frame of the speaker module has a vent, and the vent is connected to the cavity, by connecting the vent to a rear cavity with a sufficiently large volume, the low-frequency diving ability of the speaker module can be improved, thereby ensuring the low-frequency performance of the speaker module.

[0012] On the other hand, the speaker module provided by the present disclosure is provided with a passive vibration plate. The passive vibration plate can vibrate when driven by the speaker, so that the passive vibration plate acts as a secondary sound source to radiate sound waves toward the outside of the frame. Furthermore, by setting the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to be greater than the resonant frequency of the speaker, the sound waves radiated outward from the passive vibration plate and the speaker can be superimposed on each other within the operating frequency band of the speaker module, thereby increasing the sound pressure level of the speaker module within the operating frequency band and improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module is greater than 0.8.

[0014] When the speaker module operates in a frequency band greater than the resonant frequency of the speaker and less than the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate superimpose on each other, and when the speaker module operates in a frequency band greater than the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate cancel each other out. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate determines the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module to a certain extent.

[0015] By setting the ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the upper limit frequency of the working frequency band of the speaker module to be greater than 0.8, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker and the passive vibration plate are superimposed within most of the working frequency band of the speaker module, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the working frequency band.

[0016] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to an upper limit frequency of an operating frequency band of the speaker module is greater than or equal to 1.

[0017] In this way, it can be ensured that within the entire operating frequency band of the speaker module, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker and the passive vibration plate are superimposed.

[0018] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module is less than 2.

[0019] Since the passive vibration plate has the largest amplitude at the resonant frequency, in order to utilize the sound waves generated by the passive vibration plate near the resonant frequency, the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate should not exceed the upper limit of the operating frequency band of the speaker module by too much.

[0020] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to an upper limit frequency of an operating frequency band of the speaker module is less than 1.5.

[0021] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module is less than 1.2.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is greater than a first frequency, where the first frequency is the resonant frequency of a system consisting of the cavity and the passive vibration plate.

[0023] When the speaker module operates at the first frequency, the system composed of the cavity and the passive vibration plate resonates, which generates a large force impedance to the speaker, so that the sound waves radiated by the speaker are at a minimum value at the first frequency.

[0024] By setting the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to be greater than the first frequency, when the speaker module operates at the first frequency, the sound waves radiated by the speaker and the sound waves radiated by the passive vibration plate are in phase. Then, under the superposition effect of the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate, the sound pressure level of the sound waves radiated by the speaker module at the first frequency is still high.

[0025] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the resonant frequency of the speaker is greater than 1.5.

[0026] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate to the resonant frequency of the speaker is greater than 2.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the ratio of the mass of the passive vibration plate to the mass of the vibration component of the loudspeaker is less than 0.5, so that the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate and the resonant frequency of the loudspeaker can conform to the above relationship.

[0028] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the mass of the passive vibration plate to the mass of the vibration component is less than 0.2.

[0029] In a possible implementation, a ratio of an area of ​​the passive vibration plate to an area of ​​the vibration plate of the loudspeaker is greater than 0.5 and less than 2.

[0030] In this way, the superposition effect of the sound waves generated by the passive vibration plate and the speaker is better, making the sound pressure level of the speaker module better.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the vent is used to communicate with the rear cavity, wherein a ratio of a volume of the rear cavity to a volume of the cavity is greater than 10.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the back cavity is an infinite back cavity.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the speaker module is used inside the vehicle, and the rear cavity is the space outside the vehicle.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the speaker module is used inside a room, and the rear cavity is an outdoor space, or a space inside another room.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the frame has a pipe that communicates with the cavity and has a vent. The presence of the pipe can also improve the sound pressure level of the speaker module.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the frame includes a main body and a pipe, the main body having a first opening and a second opening, a cavity formed between the main body, the speaker, and the passive vibration plate, and one end of the pipe communicating with the cavity and the other end having a vent.

[0037] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the cavity and the pipe to the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is greater than 0.5.

[0038] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the cavity and the pipe to the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is greater than 0.7.

[0039] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the resonant frequency of the cavity and the pipe to the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is less than 5.

[0040] In a possible implementation, a ratio of a resonant frequency of the cavity and the pipe to a resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate is less than 3.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the first opening and the second opening are respectively located at two ends of the main body, and the pipe is connected to one side of the main body.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the loudspeaker closes the first opening, and the passive vibration plate closes the second opening.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the loudspeaker and the passive vibration plate are opposite to each other, which can reduce the space required for the loudspeaker and the passive vibration plate, and is conducive to reducing the volume of the loudspeaker module.

[0044] In one possible implementation, there are two first openings, and the two first openings are opposite to each other. The speaker includes a first speaker and a second speaker, and the first speaker and the second speaker are respectively located in the two first openings, and the first speaker and the second speaker offset each other. The vibration directions of the vibration plates in the two speakers are opposite, that is, the two vibration plates either move relative to each other or move away from each other, then the reaction forces caused by the vibration of the vibration plates will cancel each other out, and the vibration of the supporting components of the two speakers will be smaller, which is beneficial to reducing the resonance amplitude of the speaker module and improving the sound quality.

[0045] In one possible implementation, there are two second openings, and the passive vibration plate includes a first passive vibration plate and a second passive vibration plate, with the first passive vibration plate and the second passive vibration plate respectively located at the two second openings. A cavity is formed between the first speaker, the first passive vibration plate, and the frame, and a cavity is formed between the second speaker, the second passive vibration plate, and the frame, and both cavities are connected to the vent.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the speaker module further includes a protective cover connected to the frame and covering the passive vibration plate. The protective cover can protect the passive vibration plate to reduce the possibility of damage to the passive vibration plate.

[0047] In addition, the protective cover has a frame structure, so that the protective cover does not close the outer side of the passive vibration plate, and the protective cover does not affect the vibration of the passive vibration plate.

[0048] In one possible implementation, a loudspeaker includes a support assembly, a magnetic circuit assembly, and a vibration assembly. The vibration assembly includes a voice coil, a diaphragm, and a centering damper. The support assembly supports the magnetic circuit assembly and the vibration assembly. The magnetic circuit assembly drives the voice coil to vibrate. The diaphragm is connected to the voice coil and the support assembly, respectively. The centering damper is connected to the diaphragm and the support assembly, respectively.

[0049] Among them, the centering support piece can also be called a spring wave.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the centering support piece is annular, and the inner side of the centering support piece is connected to the vibration plate, and the outer side of the centering support piece is connected to the support assembly.

[0051] In a possible implementation, a side of the support assembly facing the cavity has a frame structure.

[0052] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a speaker system comprising a wall and a speaker module as described in any one of the first aspects. A first side of the wall forms a rear cavity, the volume of which is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity of the speaker module. The speaker module is located on a second side of the wall, and a vent of the speaker module communicates with the rear cavity.

[0053] The wall may also be referred to as a baffle and a mounting wall. When the rear cavity of the first side of the wall is infinite, the wall may also be referred to as an infinite baffle.

[0054] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure, on the one hand, because the rear cavity is large enough, the low-frequency diving ability of the speaker module can be improved by connecting the vent of the speaker module with the rear cavity, thereby ensuring the low-frequency performance of the speaker module. Moreover, the volume of the speaker module does not need to be too large and does not need to occupy too much space.

[0055] On the other hand, within the operating frequency band of the speaker module, when the speaker vibrates, the passive vibration plate will be driven to vibrate, and the outwardly radiated sound waves generated by the speaker and the passive vibration plate can be superimposed, thereby increasing the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the operating frequency band and improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the speaker module is mounted on a wall, the wall has a through hole, and the vent is connected to the rear cavity through the through hole.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the speaker system is applied to a vehicle, the wall is a wall on the vehicle, the speaker module is located inside the vehicle, and the vent of the speaker module is connected to the outside of the vehicle, wherein the outside of the vehicle forms an infinite rear cavity.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the speaker system is used in a room, wherein the wall is a wall, a ceiling wall, or a bottom wall, the speaker module is located inside the room, and the vent of the speaker module is connected to the outside, wherein the outside forms an infinite back cavity.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the speaker system is used in a room, wherein the wall is a wall, a ceiling, or a bottom wall, the speaker module is located inside one room, and a vent of the speaker module is connected to another room. The volume of the space (or back cavity) in the other room is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity of the speaker module.

[0060] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a vehicle having a speaker module as described in any one of the first aspects, wherein the speaker module is located inside the vehicle, and an air vent of the speaker module is connected to the outside of the vehicle.

[0061] The technical solution provided by this disclosure, on the one hand, improves the low-frequency reach of the speaker module by connecting the vent of the speaker module to the vehicle's exterior, thereby ensuring the speaker module's low-frequency performance. Furthermore, the speaker module does not need to be excessively large, and does not occupy an excessive amount of space within the vehicle.

[0062] On the other hand, within the operating frequency band of the speaker module, when the speaker vibrates, the passive vibration plate will be driven to vibrate, and the outwardly radiated sound waves generated by the speaker and the passive vibration plate can be superimposed, thereby increasing the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the operating frequency band and improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the speaker module is mounted on a wall of a vehicle. The wall of the vehicle has a through hole, and the vent of the speaker module is connected to the outside of the vehicle through the through hole.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the speaker module is located above the tire of the vehicle, the air vent faces downward of the vehicle, and one of the speaker and the passive vibration plate faces the left side of the vehicle, while the other faces the right side of the vehicle.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the speaker module is located in the trunk of the vehicle, the vent faces the bottom of the vehicle, and one of the speaker and the passive vibration plate faces the left side of the vehicle, and the other faces the right side of the vehicle.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the speaker module is located in the vehicle's footwell area, which is the area where the driver or passenger rests their feet. The footwell area can be either the driver's or passenger's footwell. The speaker module's vent faces downward, the speaker faces rearward, and the passive vibration plate faces forward.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the speaker module is located in the vehicle's spare tire storage box, which is used to store the spare tire. The speaker module is positioned below the spare tire's wheel hub, with the vent and passive vibration plate facing downward and the speaker facing upward. The wheel hub has a frame structure that facilitates the radiation of sound waves generated by the speaker module into the passenger compartment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an acoustic short circuit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module with a sealed sound box in a related art according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0070] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module having a speaker box connected to the outside of a vehicle according to a related art embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0071] FIG4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module shown in FIG3 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0072] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0073] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0074] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0075] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0076] FIG9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0077] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the sound pressure levels of a speaker, a passive vibration plate, and a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0078] FIG11 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of sound pressure levels of different speaker modules provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0079] FIG12 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0080] FIG13 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0081] FIG14 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0082] FIG15 is an exploded view of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0083] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0084] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0085] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0086] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0087] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0088] FIG21 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module shown in FIG20 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0089] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0090] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0091] FIG24 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0092] FIG25 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0093] FIG26 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0094] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0095] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0096] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0097] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] Legend: 100, speaker module, 200, rear cavity, 300, wall, 400, through hole, 500, trunk, 600, spare tire storage box, 700, spare tire, 710, wheel hub; 1. frame, 11. main body, 110, cavity, 111, first opening, 112, second opening, 12. pipe, 120, vent; 2. speaker, 21. support assembly, 211, first bracket, 212, second bracket, 22, magnetic circuit assembly, 221, first magnetic conductive sheet, 222, magnet, 223, second magnetic conductive sheet, 23, vibration assembly, 231, voice coil, 232, vibration plate, 233, centering support plate, 234, dust cover; 3. passive vibration plate; 4. protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] A loudspeaker is an electroacoustic transducer that converts electrical energy into sound energy and radiates it through the air to a distant location. A loudspeaker generally consists of a support assembly, a magnetic circuit assembly, and a vibrating assembly. The support assembly supports the magnetic circuit and vibrating assemblies, while the magnetic circuit assembly drives the vibrating assembly to vibrate, producing sound. The vibrating assembly includes a vibrating plate, which vibrates to produce sound.

[0100] Acoustic short circuiting occurs when a speaker is operating. This occurs when the speaker's diaphragm vibrates forward or backward, but the sound waves generated in front of and behind the diaphragm are out of phase. This cancels out the sound, resulting in a quieter sound. As shown in Figure 1, this means that at a certain moment in time, the air density in front of the diaphragm is higher than that behind it. If there's nothing blocking it, the pressure differential causes the air in front of the diaphragm to flow to the back, preventing it from propagating forward.

[0101] Acoustic short circuiting is related to the vibration frequency of the diaphragm. The lower the vibration frequency, the stronger the diffraction ability of the sound waves. Therefore, the sound waves generated in front of the diaphragm are more likely to be diffracted to the back, and the sound waves generated behind the diaphragm are also more likely to be diffracted to the front. As a result, the sound waves in front and behind are more likely to cancel each other out, and the acoustic short circuit phenomenon is more obvious.

[0102] As shown in FIG2 , in order to prevent acoustic short circuits in the loudspeaker, the loudspeaker is generally installed in a sealed sound box. The sound waves generated in front of the loudspeaker's vibration plate and the sound waves generated in the rear are isolated, so that acoustic short circuits do not occur.

[0103] However, the air in the sealed speaker box forms an air spring. The presence of the air spring increases the resistance that the diaphragm must overcome when vibrating, which causes the resonant frequency of the speaker (diaphragm) to increase. Since the lower limit frequency of the speaker's operating frequency band is near the speaker's resonant frequency, the increase in the speaker's resonant frequency will cause the lower limit frequency of the speaker's operating frequency band to increase. This causes the speaker's operating frequency band to shift to higher frequencies, resulting in poor low-frequency diving ability of the speaker.

[0104] It can be understood that the larger the volume of the speaker, the smaller the elastic force of the air spring formed by the air inside the speaker, and the smaller the impact on the resonant frequency of the speaker. Therefore, in order to improve the low-frequency performance of the speaker and achieve better low-frequency dive, such as diving to 40Hz or lower, this can be achieved by increasing the volume of the speaker, for example, increasing the volume of the speaker to more than 20L.

[0105] However, in some scenarios, a speaker with a large volume is not acceptable. For example, for speakers used in vehicles, an overly large speaker will significantly occupy the limited space inside the vehicle, resulting in less space available for passengers or storage.

[0106] To improve the speaker's low-frequency performance without increasing the volume of the speaker enclosure, a related art technique, as shown in Figure 3, provides a speaker module comprising a sound box and a speaker. The sound box is mounted on the vehicle wall and connected to the vehicle's exterior via a pipe. This creates an infinitely large rear cavity outside the vehicle, effectively housing the speaker within an infinitely large sound box. This minimizes the need for a large interior space while still maintaining the speaker's low-frequency performance.

[0107] However, the speaker modules provided in the related art have at least the following technical problems:

[0108] First, the sound waves generated by the vibration of the speaker inside the speaker box are all radiated to the outside of the vehicle through the pipe, reducing the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0109] Second, due to the influence of the speaker cavity and pipes, the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the working frequency band may be attenuated.

[0110] The second question is explained below with reference to the equivalent circuit diagram of a speaker module in the related art:

[0111] As shown in Figure 4, an equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module shown in Figure 3 is shown. In Figure 4, the resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls are equivalent electrical components of the speaker. The greater the current flowing through the resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls, the greater the sound pressure level of the speaker. The capacitor Cb is the equivalent electrical component of the cavity, the inductor Lp is the equivalent electrical component of the pipe, and the capacitor Cp is the equivalent electrical component of the back cavity. Among them, the back cavity is the space outside the vehicle connected to the pipe. Since the back cavity is infinite, the capacitor Cp is infinite. In this case, the capacitor Cp can be considered as a short circuit. Therefore, the capacitor Cp is no longer considered in the circuit analysis.

[0112] The magnitude of the current flowing through resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls depends on the power supply p and the impedance of the parallel circuit of capacitor Cb and inductor Lp. Since the impedance of capacitor Cb gradually decreases with the AC frequency of power supply p (equal to the vibration frequency of the vibrating plate), and the impedance of inductor Lp gradually increases with the AC frequency, when the impedance of capacitor Cb and inductor Lp are equal, the impedance of the parallel circuit of capacitor Cb and inductor Lp reaches its maximum value. At this point, it can be considered that capacitor Cb and inductor Lp are producing parallel resonance, or that the pipe and cavity are resonating. When the impedance of the parallel circuit of capacitor Cb and inductor Lp reaches its maximum value, the current flowing through resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls decreases significantly, causing the sound pressure level of the speaker to drop.

[0113] For the sake of convenience in description, the frequency at which the capacitor Cb and the inductor Lp produce parallel resonance is called the resonant frequency fp. If the resonant frequency fp is within the operating frequency band of the speaker module, it will cause the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the operating frequency band to attenuate. In order to make the resonant frequency fp outside the operating frequency band of the speaker, it is necessary to specially design the shape and size of the cavity and the pipe. Generally, the pipe needs to be very short and the pipe diameter is large, and the volume of the cavity needs to be very small, which obviously limits the application scenario of the speaker module. Moreover, as shown in the curve of the sound pressure level of related art 2 in Figure 11, even if the resonant frequency fp is set outside the operating frequency band of the speaker module (20Hz-200Hz), the existence of the pipe and the cavity will still cause the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the operating frequency band to be attenuated.

[0114] In view of the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a speaker module 100, which can not only achieve better low-frequency dive, but also improve the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 within the working frequency band, and can reduce the restrictions on the shape and size of the cavity and the pipe.

[0115] The speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is exemplarily described below:

[0116] As shown in Figure 5, the speaker module 100 includes a frame 1, a speaker 2, and a passive vibration plate 3. The frame 1 has a first opening 111, a second opening 112, and a vent 120. The speaker 2 is located in the first opening 111, and the passive vibration plate 3 is located in the second opening 112. A cavity 110 is formed between the frame 1, the speaker 2, and the passive vibration plate 3, and the cavity 110 is connected to the vent 120.

[0117] The frame 1, which can also be referred to as a sound box or cabinet, is used to support the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3. The frame 1 has a first opening 111 and a second opening 112 for mounting the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3. In some examples, the speaker 2 closes the first opening 111, and the passive vibration plate 3 closes the second opening 112. In addition, as shown in FIG5 , the frame 1 may have a duct 12, one end of which is connected to the cavity 110, and the other end of which has a vent 120.

[0118] As shown in Figure 6, the speaker 2 has a vibration plate 232. The vibration plate 232 vibrates to generate sound. The cavity 110 may be formed between the vibration plate 232, the passive vibration plate 3, and the frame 1. The vibration plate 232 may also be called a diaphragm or a vibration membrane.

[0119] The passive vibration plate 3 is similar to the vibration plate 232, but does not require an electrical signal to operate. Instead, it generates sound through fluid and acoustic-solid coupling vibration. When the vibration plate 232 vibrates, the passive vibration plate 3 can vibrate under the drive of the vibration plate 232. The passive vibration plate 3 can also be called a passive vibration membrane or a passive radiator (PR). The vibration plate 232 and the passive vibration plate 3 are generally composed of a plate body and a folding ring. The plate body is generally made of paper, plastic, or metal, and the folding ring is generally made of rubber or cloth.

[0120] The speaker module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0121] First, the frame 1 of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a vent 120, and the vent 120 is connected to the cavity 110. By connecting the vent 120 with the rear cavity 200 with a sufficiently large volume, the low-frequency diving ability of the speaker module 100 can be improved, thereby ensuring the low-frequency performance of the speaker module 100.

[0122] In some examples, the volume of the rear cavity 200 communicated with by the vent 120 is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity 110. That is, the ratio of the volume of the rear cavity 200 to the volume of the cavity 110 is greater than 10. The volume of the cavity 110 may also be considered to include the volume of the conduit 12.

[0123] In some examples, the rear cavity 200 is an infinite rear cavity, for example, the speaker module 100 is located inside a car, and the rear cavity 200 is the space outside the car. For another example, the speaker module 100 is located indoors, and the rear cavity 200 is the space outdoors.

[0124] Second, the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a passive vibration plate 3. The passive vibration plate 3 can vibrate under the drive of the speaker 2, so that the passive vibration plate 3 acts as a secondary sound source to radiate sound waves outward (from the frame 1). In addition, by reasonably setting the resonant frequency of the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3, the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 and the speaker 2 can be superimposed within the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 within the operating frequency band and also improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0125] In addition, with regard to the problem in the related art of attenuation of the sound pressure level of the speaker module in the working frequency band due to resonance between the cavity and the pipe, since the passive vibration plate 3 in the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can enhance the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 in the working frequency band, even if the resonant frequency fp of the cavity and the pipe is within the working frequency band of the speaker module 100, the passive vibration plate 3 can compensate for the attenuation of the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 caused by the cavity and the pipe. Therefore, it is not required that the resonant frequency fp of the cavity and the pipe be outside the working frequency band of the speaker module 100, that is, the limitation on the shape and size of the cavity and the pipe is reduced, which is conducive to expanding the application scenarios of the speaker module 100.

[0126] Of course, the resonance frequency fp of the cavity and the pipe may still be outside the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100, which is not required by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0127] 7 and 8 , the working process of the speaker module 100 is exemplarily described below:

[0128] As shown in FIG7 , at the same time, the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrate outward at the same time, and the sound waves radiated by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 to the outside of the frame 1 are in phase, and the two can be superimposed, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker module 100. In addition, during the process of the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrating outward, the volume of the cavity 110 increases and the pressure decreases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas in the rear cavity 200 flows into the cavity 110 through the vent 120. The gas flowing into the cavity 110 further increases the pressure in the cavity 110, reducing the pressure difference between the pressure in the cavity 110 and the pressure outside the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3. Thus, the resistance encountered by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 when vibrating outward is reduced, which is beneficial to the low-frequency dive of the loudspeaker module 100.

[0129] As shown in Figure 8, at the same time, the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrate inward at the same time, and the sound waves radiated by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 to the outside of the frame 1 are in phase, and the two can be superimposed, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100. In addition, during the process of the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrating inward, the volume of the cavity 110 becomes smaller and the pressure becomes larger. Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas in the cavity 110 flows into the rear cavity 200 through the vent 120, which in turn reduces the pressure in the cavity 110, thereby reducing the resistance encountered by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 when vibrating inward, which is beneficial to the low-frequency dive of the speaker module 100.

[0130] It can be understood that when the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrate at the same time, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 may not only be in phase but also be out of phase, that is, they may not only be superimposed on each other but also cancel each other out.

[0131] Specifically, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, when the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrate outward and inward simultaneously, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are in phase, presenting a superposition effect. However, if one of the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 vibrates outward and the other vibrates inward, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are in anti-phase, presenting a cancellation effect.

[0132] It should be noted that the in-phase sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 referred to in the embodiment of the present disclosure does not mean that the phases of the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are exactly the same, but rather that the phase difference between the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 is between -π / 2 and π / 2. When the phase difference is greater than -π / 2 and less than π / 2, the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 superimpose on each other.

[0133] Similarly, the anti-phase of the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 referred to in the embodiment of the present disclosure does not mean that the phase difference of the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 is strictly equal to π, but means that the phase difference of the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 is between -π and -π / 2, and between π / 2 and π. When the phase difference is within this range, the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker and the passive vibration plate 3 cancel each other out.

[0134] Next, how to make the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 superimpose on each other within the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 is described:

[0135] Theoretical calculations and experimental verification:

[0136] When the operating frequency of the speaker module 100 is lower than both the resonance frequency fs of the speaker 2 and the resonance frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 , the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in anti-phase, presenting a canceling effect.

[0137] When the operating frequency of the speaker module 100 is greater than both the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 and the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 , the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in anti-phase, presenting a canceling effect.

[0138] When the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 is greater than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, when the operating frequency of the speaker module 100 is less than the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 and greater than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in phase, presenting a superposition effect.

[0139] When the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 is lower than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, when the operating frequency of the speaker module 100 is higher than the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 and lower than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in phase, presenting a superposition effect.

[0140] Since the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 is located near the lower limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 , it can be assumed that the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 is equal to the lower limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 .

[0141] If the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is set to be lower than the resonant frequency fs of the loudspeaker 2, then the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in phase only when the loudspeaker module 100 operates in a frequency band lower than the resonant frequency fs of the loudspeaker 2. In this case, the passive vibration plate 3 serves to enhance the low-frequency diving capability of the loudspeaker module 100. When the loudspeaker module 100 operates in a frequency band higher than the resonant frequency fs of the loudspeaker 2, that is, when operating in the operating frequency band of the loudspeaker module 100, the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are both in anti-phase, and the passive vibration plate 3 cannot serve to increase the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker module 100 in the operating frequency band.

[0142] If the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is set to be greater than the resonant frequency fs of the loudspeaker 2, then when the loudspeaker module 100 operates in a frequency band greater than the resonant frequency fs of the loudspeaker 2 and less than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are in phase. This frequency band is within the operating frequency band of the loudspeaker module 100.

[0143] In summary, in order to allow the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 to superimpose on each other within the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 should be set greater than the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2.

[0144] Furthermore, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that if the speaker module 100 operates in a frequency band greater than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 and the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 will cancel each other out, and the passive vibration plate 3 will actually attenuate the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100. Therefore, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 determines, to a certain extent, the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100.

[0145] In some examples, in order to ensure that the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 is high throughout the entire operating frequency band, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 can be set to be greater than or equal to the upper frequency limit of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100. In other words, the ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate 3 to the upper frequency limit of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0146] In this way, within the entire operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 (the latter half of the entire operating frequency band), the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 are superimposed.

[0147] In addition, when the speaker module 100 operates in a frequency band greater than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, although the sound waves radiated by the passive vibration plate 3 will cancel out the sound waves radiated by the speaker 2, causing the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 to decrease. However, the decrease in the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 is a process. Therefore, when the speaker module 100 operates in a frequency band slightly greater than the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3, the speaker module 100 still has a relatively high sound pressure level. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate 3 can also be slightly less than the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100. In some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate 3 to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 is greater than 0.8.

[0148] In some examples, since the passive vibration plate 3 has the largest amplitude at the resonant frequency, in order to utilize the sound waves generated by the passive vibration plate 3 near the resonant frequency, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 should not exceed the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 by a large amount. In some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 is less than 2.

[0149] In some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 to the upper limit frequency of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100 is less than 1.5. Further, the ratio is less than 1.2.

[0150] In some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency of the passive vibration plate 3 to the resonant frequency of the speaker 2 is greater than 1.5. Furthermore, in some examples, the ratio is greater than 2.

[0151] In order to adjust the resonance frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 and the resonance frequency fs of the speaker 2 to the above relationship, in some examples, the ratio of the mass of the passive vibration plate 3 to the mass of the vibration component 23 of the speaker 2 can be set to be less than 0.5.

[0152] Among them, the mass of the passive vibration plate 3 refers to the sum of the masses of the plate body and the folding ring of the passive vibration plate 3, and the mass of the vibration component 23 refers to the sum of the masses of the voice coil 231, the vibration plate 232 and the centering support plate 233 included in the vibration component 23. In some examples, it may also include the mass of the dust cover 234.

[0153] Furthermore, in some examples, the ratio of the mass of the passive vibration plate 3 to the mass of the vibration assembly 23 is less than 0.2.

[0154] To achieve a better superposition effect of the sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 and the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3, in some examples, the ratio of the area of ​​the passive vibration plate 3 to the area of ​​the vibration plate 232 of the speaker 2 is greater than 0.2 and less than 2. Furthermore, the ratio of the area of ​​the passive vibration plate 3 to the area of ​​the vibration plate 232 of the speaker 2 is greater than 0.5 and less than 2.

[0155] Next, in conjunction with the equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the changes in the speaker module 100 after the passive vibration plate 3 is introduced are described:

[0156] As shown in Figure 9, an equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module shown in Figures 5-8 is shown. In Figure 9, resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls are the equivalent electrical components of speaker 2. For speaker 2, the greater the current flowing through resistor Rs, capacitor Cs, and inductor Ls, the greater the sound pressure level of speaker 2. Capacitor Cb is the equivalent electrical component of cavity 110, inductor Lp is the equivalent electrical component of pipe 12, and capacitor Cp is the equivalent electrical component of rear cavity 200. When rear cavity 200 is very large, capacitor Cp is infinite and can be considered a short circuit. Therefore, capacitor Cp is no longer considered in circuit analysis. Resistor Rr, capacitor Cr, and inductor Lr are the equivalent electrical components of passive vibration plate 3. Similarly, for passive vibration plate 3, the greater the current flowing through resistor Rr, capacitor Cr, and inductor Lr, the greater the sound pressure level of passive vibration plate 3.

[0157] As can be seen in Figure 9, the addition of passive vibration plate 3 creates a parallel branch in the parallel circuit of capacitor Cb and inductor Lp. This branch consists of resistor Rr, capacitor Cr, and inductor Lr connected in series. This significantly reduces the impedance of the circuit containing the corresponding electrical components of speaker 2, thereby increasing the sound pressure level of speaker 2.

[0158] That is, the improvement of the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 is affected by the following two aspects:

[0159] First, the superposition of the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 increases the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker module 100 .

[0160] Secondly, the introduction of the passive vibration plate 3 increases the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker 2 itself.

[0161] As shown in FIG10 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram comparing the sound pressure levels of sound waves radiated outward by the speaker 2 , the sound pressure levels of sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 , and the sound pressure levels radiated outward by the speaker module 100 .

[0162] As can be seen from FIG10 , there is a significant decrease in the sound pressure level of the sound waves generated by the loudspeaker 2 in the second half of the operating frequency band. When the frequency is the first frequency f1, the sound pressure level of the sound waves generated by the loudspeaker 2 is a minimum. The minimum value is generated because the cavity 110, the pipe 12 (if any) and the passive vibration plate 3 resonate at the first frequency f1. Corresponding to the circuit diagram shown in FIG9 , it can be understood that the impedance formed by the branch where Cb is located, the branch where Lp is located, and the branch where Cr is located reaches a maximum value at the first frequency f1. The first frequency f1 can also be called the resonant frequency of the system composed of the cavity 110, the pipe 12 (if any) and the passive vibration plate 3.

[0163] In order to increase the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 at the first frequency f1, as shown in Figure 10, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is set to be greater than the first frequency f1. Therefore, when the speaker module 100 operates at the first frequency f1, the sound waves generated by the passive vibration plate 3 are superimposed on the sound waves generated by the speaker 2, so that the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 is increased.

[0164] Furthermore, as can be seen from FIG10 , the sound waves radiated outward by the passive vibration plate 3 after its own resonant frequency fr and the sound waves radiated outward by the loudspeaker 2 cancel each other out, resulting in a very low sound pressure level of the loudspeaker module 100, as shown in the portion outlined by the dotted line in FIG10 . However, because the frequency corresponding to this portion is outside the operating frequency band of the loudspeaker module 100, it does not cause a reduction in the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker module 100 within the operating frequency band.

[0165] As shown in Figure 11, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram comparing the sound pressure levels of this solution with those of Related Art 1 and Related Art 2. Related Art 1 represents the technical solution shown in Figure 2 where the speaker is installed in a sealed box, and Related Art 2 represents the technical solution shown in Figure 3.

[0166] As can be seen from Figure 11, compared with Related Art 1, because the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a vent 120, and the vent 120 is connected to a sufficiently large rear cavity 200, the low-frequency diving capability of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is significantly better than the low-frequency diving capability of the speaker in Related Art 1. Specifically, below 40Hz, the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is improved by more than 3dB compared to the sound pressure level of the speaker in Related Art 1.

[0167] Compared with Related Art 2, since both speaker modules are connected to a sufficiently large back cavity 200, in the first half of the operating frequency band (20 Hz to 50 Hz), the sound pressure levels of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure and the speaker module in Related Art 2 are not much different. However, in the second half of the operating frequency band (50 Hz to 200 Hz), due to the superposition of sound waves generated by the vibration of the passive vibration plate 3 in the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as well as the improvement in the sound pressure level of the speaker 2 itself, the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is significantly improved.

[0168] In addition, as can be seen from Figure 11, although the resonant frequency fp of the pipe and cavity in Related Art 2 is set to be much higher than the upper frequency limit of the operating frequency band of the speaker module (200 Hz), the pipe and cavity still cause the sound pressure level of the speaker module in Related Art 2 to drop in the second half of the operating frequency band (e.g., 100 Hz-200 Hz).

[0169] In some examples, a ratio of the resonant frequency fp of the cavity 110 and the pipe 12 to the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is greater than 0.5.

[0170] In this way, the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is near the resonant frequency fp of the cavity 110 and the pipe 12, allowing the passive vibration plate 3 to effectively compensate for the drop in the sound pressure level of the speaker module caused by the cavity 110 and the pipe 12, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the passive vibration plate 3. Alternatively, when fp is large (e.g., fp is greater than 2), the resonant frequency fp of the cavity 110 and the pipe 12 is outside the operating frequency band of the speaker module, which can reduce the impact of the resonance between the pipe 12 and the cavity 110 on the sound pressure level within the operating frequency band of the speaker module.

[0171] Furthermore, in some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency fp of the cavity 110 and the pipe 12 to the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is greater than 0.7.

[0172] In some examples, the ratio of the resonant frequency fp of the cavity 110 and the pipe 12 to the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 is less than 5. Further, the ratio is less than 3.

[0173] It should be noted that the resonant frequency fs of the speaker 2 and the resonant frequency fr of the passive vibration plate 3 referred to in the embodiment of the present disclosure refer to the operating resonant frequency of the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3. In addition to the operating resonant frequency, the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 also have a natural frequency (or called a true frequency), which refers to the resonant frequency of the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 when the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are not installed on the frame 1.

[0174] After the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are installed in the frame 1, the speaker 2 is affected by the passive vibration plate 3, the cavity 110 and the pipe 12, and the passive vibration plate 3 is affected by the speaker 2, the cavity 110 and the pipe 12, so the natural frequency is different from the working resonant frequency.

[0175] The structure of the speaker module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below in more detail.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 15 , there are actual pictures of a speaker module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0177] In some examples, as shown in Figures 5-8 and 12-19, the frame 1 includes a main body 11 and a duct 12. The main body 11 has a first opening 111 and a second opening 112. A cavity 110 is formed between the main body 11, the speaker 2, and the passive vibration plate 3. One end of the duct 12 is connected to the cavity 110, and the other end has a vent 120.

[0178] The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the connection position of the pipe 12 and the main body 11. In some examples, such as Figures 5-8 and 19, the first opening 111 is defined as being located at the end of the main body 11, and the pipe 12 is connected to one side of the main body 11.

[0179] In other examples, as shown in FIG. 18 , the pipe 12 is connected to an end portion of the main body 11 , and the end portion is opposite to the end portion where the first opening 111 is located.

[0180] In other examples, the pipe 12 may also be connected to the end where the first opening 111 is located.

[0181] The disclosed embodiments do not limit the shape of the conduit 12. In some examples, the conduit 12 is a straight conduit, while in other examples, the conduit 12 is a curved conduit. In some examples, such as those shown in Figures 5-8 and 12-18, the diameter of the conduit 12 remains constant. In other examples, such as those shown in Figure 19, the diameter of the conduit 12 gradually decreases as it moves away from the main body 11.

[0182] Of course, in other examples, as shown in FIG20 , the frame 1 may not include the conduit 12. FIG21 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the speaker module 100 shown in FIG20 . In FIG21 , the electrical component corresponding to the cavity 110 is an inductor Lp. In this case, the cavity 110 functions as a conduit.

[0183] The present embodiment does not limit the relative positions of the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 on the frame 1. The following is an exemplary description:

[0184] In some examples, as shown in FIG5 , the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are opposite to each other. This can reduce the space occupied by the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 , which is beneficial for reducing the volume of the loudspeaker module 2 .

[0185] In some examples, as shown in FIG16 , the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are respectively located on two adjacent frame walls.

[0186] In some examples, as shown in FIG17 , the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 are located on the same frame wall.

[0187] It should be noted that the several positions of the loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 shown above are merely exemplary. The loudspeaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 may also be located at other positions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0188] The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of speakers 2 and passive vibration plates 3. The following is an exemplary description:

[0189] In some examples, as shown in FIG5 , there is one speaker 2 and one passive vibration plate 3. In some examples, as shown in FIG22 , there is one speaker 2 and multiple passive vibration plates 3. For example, one speaker 2 may be opposite multiple (e.g., two) passive vibration plates 3. In some examples, there is one passive vibration plate 3 and multiple speakers 2. In some examples, there are multiple passive vibration plates 3 and multiple speakers 2, and the number of multiple passive vibration plates 3 and multiple speakers 2 may be the same or different. Multiple speakers 2 may be opposite multiple passive vibration plates 3, respectively.

[0190] The following is an exemplary description of a speaker module 100 having two speakers 2. As shown in Figures 23 and 24 , there are two first openings 111, and the two first openings 111 are opposite each other. Speaker 2 includes a first speaker 2a and a second speaker 2b, which are located in the two first openings 111, respectively, and offset from each other.

[0191] In this way, the vibration directions of the vibration plates 232 in the two speakers 2 are opposite, that is, the two vibration plates 232 either move relative to each other or move away from each other, then the reaction forces brought by the vibrations of the vibration plates 232 will cancel each other out, and the vibrations of the supporting components of the two speakers 2 are smaller, which is beneficial to reducing the resonance amplitude of the speaker module and improving the sound quality.

[0192] In some examples, as shown in Figures 23 and 24, there are two second openings 112, and the passive vibration plate 3 includes a first passive vibration plate 3a and a second passive vibration plate 3b, which are respectively located at the two second openings 112. A cavity 110 is formed between the first speaker 2a, the first passive vibration plate 3a, and the frame 1, and a cavity 110 is formed between the second speaker 2b, the second passive vibration plate 3b, and the frame 1, and both cavities 110 are connected to the vent 120.

[0193] In order to provide a certain degree of protection for the passive vibration plate 3 and reduce the possibility of damage to the passive vibration plate 3, in some examples, as shown in Figures 12 to 15, the speaker module 100 further includes a protective cover 4, which is connected to the frame 1 and covers the passive vibration plate 3. In addition, the protective cover 4 has a frame structure, so that the protective cover 4 does not seal the outside of the passive vibration plate 3 and does not affect the vibration of the passive vibration plate 3.

[0194] The structure of the speaker 2 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is exemplarily described below:

[0195] As shown in Figures 6, 25, and 26, the speaker 2 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a dynamic speaker, and includes a support assembly 21, a magnetic circuit assembly 22, and a vibration assembly 23. The support assembly 21 supports the magnetic circuit assembly 22 and the vibration assembly 23. The magnetic circuit assembly 22 is used to drive the vibration assembly 23 to vibrate, and the vibration assembly 23 produces sound when vibrating.

[0196] In some examples, as shown in Figures 25 and 26, the support assembly 21 includes a first bracket 211 and a second bracket 212. The first bracket 211 is located inside the frame 1, and the second bracket 212 is located outside the frame 1. The first bracket 211 and the second bracket 212 are fixedly connected and provide protection and support for the magnetic circuit assembly 22 and the vibration assembly 23.

[0197] In some examples, as shown in Figures 6 and 26, the magnetic circuit assembly 22 includes a first magnetic conductive sheet 221, a magnet 222, and a second magnetic conductive sheet 223. The first magnetic conductive sheet 221, the magnet 222, and the second magnetic conductive sheet 223 are coaxially arranged, and the magnet 222 is located between the first magnetic conductive sheet 221 and the second magnetic conductive sheet 223. The magnetic circuit assembly 22 is used to generate a changing magnetic field to drive the vibration assembly 23 to vibrate.

[0198] In some examples, as shown in Figures 6, 25 and 26, the vibration assembly 23 includes a voice coil 231, a vibration plate 232 and a centering support 233, and the voice coil 231 is connected to the vibration plate 232. The magnetic circuit assembly 22 drives the voice coil 231 to move, and when the voice coil 231 moves, the vibration plate 232 is driven to vibrate. The centering support 233 is connected to the vibration plate 232 and the support assembly 21 (such as the first bracket 211) respectively. The centering support 233 is used to locate the position of the voice coil 231 and the vibration plate 232 to ensure that the voice coil 231 and the vibration plate 232 reciprocate axially. In addition, the centering support 233 has a certain elasticity and can have a certain influence on the resonant frequency of the speaker 2. Furthermore, the centering support 233 can also play a role in dust prevention. Among them, the centering support 233 can also be called a spring wave.

[0199] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 25 , the centering support piece 233 is annular, and the inner side of the centering support piece 233 is connected to the vibration plate 232 , for example, by bonding, and the outer side of the centering support piece 233 is connected to the support assembly 21 .

[0200] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 6 , FIG. 25 , and FIG. 26 , the vibration assembly 23 further includes a dust cover 234 .

[0201] In some examples, as shown in Figure 25, the support assembly 21 has a frame structure on one side facing the cavity 110. Exemplarily, the first bracket 211 has a frame structure.

[0202] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 6 , the magnetic circuit assembly 22 is located inside the cavity 110 . In other examples, as shown in FIG. 26 , the magnetic circuit assembly 22 may also be located outside the cavity 110 .

[0203] The present disclosure also provides a speaker system, as shown in Figures 5-8, 16-20, 22, and 23. The speaker system includes a wall 300 and a speaker module 100. A first side of the wall 300 forms (or is referred to as having) a rear cavity 200. The volume of the rear cavity 200 is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity 110 of the speaker module 100. The speaker module 100 is located on a second side of the wall 300, and the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 is in communication with the rear cavity 200.

[0204] The wall 300 may also be referred to as a baffle and a mounting wall. When the rear cavity 200 on the first side of the wall 300 is infinite, the wall 300 may also be referred to as an infinite baffle.

[0205] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, on the one hand, since the rear cavity 200 is large enough, the low-frequency diving ability of the speaker module 100 can be improved by setting the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 to be connected to the rear cavity 200, thereby ensuring the low-frequency performance of the speaker module 100, and the volume of the speaker module 100 does not need to be too large, and does not need to occupy too much space.

[0206] On the other hand, within the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100, when the speaker 2 vibrates, the passive vibration plate 3 will be driven to vibrate, and the sound waves generated by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 can be superimposed, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 in the operating frequency band and improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0207] In some examples, as shown in Figures 5-8, 16-20, 22 and 23, the speaker module 100 is installed on the wall 300, and a through hole 400 is provided on the wall 300, and the vent 120 is connected to the rear cavity 200 through the through hole 400.

[0208] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the application scenario of the speaker system, as long as there is a sufficiently large back cavity 200 (the volume of the back cavity 200 is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity 110) or a sufficiently large baffle (wall 300) in the application scenario. The following is an exemplary description of the application scenario of the speaker system:

[0209] In some examples, as shown in Figures 27-30 , the speaker system is applied to a vehicle. Wall 300 is a wall on the vehicle, such as a bottom wall or a side wall. Vent 120 of speaker module 100 communicates with the exterior of the vehicle, forming an infinitely large rear cavity 200. For detailed information on the application of the speaker system in a vehicle, please refer to the vehicle-related content below and will not be further elaborated here.

[0210] In some examples, the speaker system is used in a room, and the wall 300 is a wall, bottom wall, or top wall of the room. In some examples, the speaker module 100 is located inside the room, and the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 leads to the outside, forming an infinite back cavity 200 outside.

[0211] In other examples, the speaker module 100 is located in a room, and the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 leads to another room. The volume of the space in the other room (the back cavity 200 ) is at least 10 times the volume of the cavity 110 .

[0212] The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, as shown in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 , in which the vehicle has a speaker module 100 . The speaker module 100 is located inside the vehicle, and a vent 120 of the speaker module 100 is connected to the outside of the vehicle.

[0213] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure improves the low-frequency performance of the speaker module 100 by connecting the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 to the exterior of the vehicle, thereby enhancing the low-frequency performance of the speaker module 100. Furthermore, the volume of the speaker module 100 does not need to be excessively large, and the speaker module 100 does not occupy too much space within the vehicle.

[0214] On the other hand, within the operating frequency band of the speaker module 100, when the speaker 2 vibrates, the passive vibration plate 3 will be driven to vibrate, and the sound waves generated by the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 can be superimposed, thereby improving the sound pressure level of the speaker module 100 in the operating frequency band and improving the utilization rate of sound energy.

[0215] In some examples, as shown in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 , the speaker module 100 is mounted on a wall 300 of a vehicle. The wall 300 of the vehicle has a through hole 400 , and the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 is connected to the outside of the vehicle through the through hole 400 .

[0216] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific installation location of the speaker module 100. In some examples, in order to reduce the occupation of the activity space of the occupants in the vehicle, the speaker module 100 can be installed in the following locations:

[0217] In some examples, as shown in FIG28 , the speaker module 100 is located above a tire of the vehicle, and the wall 300 is the wall above the tire. In some examples, the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 faces downward, and the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 can be oriented in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction of the vehicle, for example, in the left-right direction of the vehicle (as shown in FIG28 ) or in the front-back direction of the vehicle.

[0218] In some examples, as shown in FIG29 , the speaker module 100 is located in a trunk 500 of a vehicle, and the wall 300 may be the bottom wall of the trunk 500. In some examples, the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 faces downward, and the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 may face the horizontal direction or a substantially horizontal direction of the vehicle, for example, in the left-right direction of the vehicle (as shown in FIG29 ), or in the front-back direction of the vehicle.

[0219] In some examples, as shown in FIG30 , the speaker module 100 is located in a spare tire compartment 600 of a vehicle. The spare tire compartment 600 is used to accommodate the vehicle's spare tire and can be located below the vehicle's trunk 500. The wall 300 can be the bottom wall of the spare tire compartment 600. In some examples, the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 faces downward, and the speaker 2 and passive vibration plate 3 can face up and down the vehicle. For example, the speaker 2 faces upward, and the passive vibration plate 3 faces downward.

[0220] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific location of the speaker module 100 in the spare tire storage box 600. In some examples, as shown in FIG30 , the speaker module 100 is located below the wheel hub 710 of the spare tire 700 of the vehicle. The wheel hub 710 has a frame structure, thereby facilitating the radiation of sound emitted by the speaker module 100 into the vehicle cabin.

[0221] In some examples, the speaker module 100 is located in the footwell area of ​​the vehicle. The footwell area refers to the area inside the vehicle's cabin where the driver or passenger places their feet, for example, the footwell area of ​​the main driver's seat, that is, the area where the brake and accelerator are located, and another example, the footwell area of ​​the co-pilot's seat. The wall 300 can be a wall of the chassis of the vehicle. In some examples, the vent 120 of the speaker module 100 faces downward, and the speaker 2 and the passive vibration plate 3 can face the horizontal direction or the approximately horizontal direction of the vehicle, and can face the left and right direction or the front and back direction of the vehicle. For example, the speaker 2 faces the rear of the vehicle, and the passive vibration plate 3 faces the front of the vehicle.

[0222] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to explain the embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure should have the ordinary meaning understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprising" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprising" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0223] The above descriptions are merely optional embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

DEPCT6910 / 10 / 25681.A loudspeaker specification in which the loudspeaker specification consists of the frame(1), the loudspeaker(2), and a passive vibrator(3), and the resonance frequency of the passive vibrator(3) is greater than the resonance frequency of the loudspeaker(2). The frame(1) is provided with the first opening(111), the second opening(112), and the vent(120), and the loudspeaker(2) is positioned at the first opening(111), the passive vibrator(3) is positioned at the second opening(112), and the cavity(110) is provided between the frame(1), the loudspeaker. (2) and the passive vibrating plate (3) and the cavity (110) are in contact with the vent (120).

2. A loudspeaker specification under claim 1 where the ratio of the resonance frequency of the passive vibrating plate (3) to the upper limit frequency of the operating band of the loudspeaker specification is greater than 0.8.

3. A loudspeaker specification under claim 1 or 2 where the ratio of the resonance frequency of the passive vibrating plate (3) to the upper limit frequency of the operating band of the loudspeaker specification is less than 2.4.A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 to 3 where the resonance frequency of the passive vibrating plate (3) is greater than the first frequency and the first frequency is the resonance frequency of the system comprising the cavity (110) and the passive vibrating plate (3).

5. A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 to 4 where the ratio of the resonance frequency of the passive vibrating plate (3) to the resonance frequency of the speaker (2) is greater than 1.

5.

6. A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 to 5 where the ratio of the mass of the passive vibrating plate (3) to the mass of the vibrating component assembly (23) of the speaker (2) is less than 0.

5.

7. A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 to 6 where the ratio of the area of ​​the passive vibrating plate (3) to the area of ​​the vibrating plate (232) of the speaker (2) is greater than 0.5 and less than 28.A speaker specification under one of the claims 1 through 7 where the port(120) is arranged in contact with the rear cavity(200) and the ratio of the volume of the rear cavity(200) to the volume of the cavity(110) is greater than 109. A speaker specification under one of the claims 1 through 8 where the body(1) consists of the main area(11) and the port(12), the main area(11) is provided with the first opening(111) and the second opening(112), and the cavity(110) is arranged between the main area(11), the speaker(2), and the passive vibrating plate(3) and the end. One end of the tube (12) is in contact with the cavity (110), and the other end of the tube (12) is provided with an opening (120).

10. A loudspeaker specification according to claim 9 where the ratio of the resonance frequencies of the cavity (110) and the tube (12) to the resonance frequencies of the passive vibrator (3) is greater than 0.5.

11. A loudspeaker specification according to claim 9 or 10 where the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) are positioned at the two ends of each primary area (11), and the tube (12) is connected to one side of the primary area (11).12.

13. A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 through 11 where speaker(2) closes the first opening(111) and the passive vibrating plate(3) closes the second opening(112).

14. A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 through 13 where there are two first openings(111) and two first openings(111) are opposite each other and speaker(2) is composed of speaker(2a) and speaker(2b), where speaker(2a) and speaker(2b) are positioned at the two first openings(111) respectively and speaker(2a) is adjacent to speaker(2b). 15.The speaker specification under claim 14, with two second openings (112), a passive vibrating plate (3) is assembled with a first passive vibrating plate (3a) and a second passive vibrating plate (3b), and the first passive vibrating plate (3a) and the second passive vibrating plate (3b) are positioned at the two second openings (112), respectively, and one cavity (110) is provided between the first speaker (2a), the passive flat vibrating plate. The first speaker(3a) and the frame(1), one cavity(110) are arranged between the second speaker(2b), the second passive vibrating plate(3b), and each of the two frames(1) and cavities(110) are in contact with the vent(120).

16. The speaker specification under any of the claims 1 through 15, where the speaker specification is further incorporated with a protective cover(4), and the protective cover(4) is connected to the frame(1) and covers the passive vibrating plate(3).17.A speaker specification under any of the claims 1 through 16 where the speaker (2) is composed of a supporting assembly (21), a magnetic circuit assembly (22), and a vibrating assembly (23), and the vibrating assembly (23) is composed of a voice coil (231), a vibrating plate (232), and a centering spider (233). The supporting assembly (21) supports the magnetic circuit assembly (22) and the vibrating assembly (23), and The magnetic circuit assembly (22) is arranged to drive the voice coil (231) to vibrate, and the vibrating plate (232) is connected to the voice coil (231), and the support assembly (21) and the centering spider (233) are connected to the vibrating plate (232) and the support assembly (21).

18. The loudspeaker specification according to claim 17 has a structure with one side of the frame belonging to the support assembly (21) and facing the cavity (110).19.A speaker system in which the speaker system consists of a wall (300) and a speaker specification (100) according to one of the claims 1 through 18, the rear cavity (200) is placed on the first side of the wall (300), and the ratio of the volume of the rear cavity (200) to the volume of the cavity (110) of the speaker specification (100) is greater than 10, and the speaker specification (100) is positioned on the second side of the wall (300), and the vent (120) of the speaker specification (100) is in contact with the rear cavity (200).

20. A vehicle in which the vehicle consists of a speaker specification (100) according to one of the claims 1 through 18, and the speaker specification (100) is positioned inside the vehicle, and the vent (120) of the speaker specification (100) is in contact with the outside of the vehicle. 21.

22. A vehicle under claim 20 where the speaker specification (100) is positioned above the vehicle's tires and the vent (120) is facing the underside of the vehicle and either speaker (2) or passive vibrating plate (3) of the speaker specification (100) is facing the left side of the vehicle and the other is facing the right side of the vehicle.

23. Under claim 20, where the speaker specification (100) is positioned in the footwell of the vehicle and the vent (120) is facing the underside of the vehicle, the speaker (2) of the speaker specification (100) is facing the rear of the vehicle and the passive vibrator (3) of the speaker specification (100) is facing the front of the vehicle. 24.The vehicle under claim 20 where the speaker specification (100) is positioned in the spare tire compartment (600) of the vehicle and is positioned under the hub (710) of the spare tire (700) of the vehicle and the vent (120) and passive vibrating pad (3) of the speaker specification (100) are facing the bottom of the vehicle and the speaker (2) of the speaker specification (100) is facing the top of the vehicle;

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