SPEED-SENSITIVE, MECHANICALLY FILTERED, MULTI-ZONE FORCE-CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC ASSIST WHEEL SYSTEM FOR BICYCLES.

Abstract

The invention is a device mounted on the rear wheel of a bicycle and which adjusts according to the bicycle's forward speed. The support force applied to the ground by the auxiliary wheels (7, 8) is transferred to the electronic component. It involves an auxiliary wheel system that changes wheels automatically without manual intervention. The system; a mechanical speed that produces a mechanical displacement dependent on the rotational speed of the rear hub (1) The sensing system (2) enables this movement to transmit only permanent changes in speed and the way a mechanical filtering system that filters short-term pulses originating from its surface (3), Depending on the filtered motion, it operates in multiple operating zones (preferably at low speed). High support, gradually reduced support at medium speed, low but zero support at balanced speed. (4) a force profile generation unit that produces a force profile (without safety support) and this Depending on the profile, the support force of the auxiliary wheels can be controlled via a common input. It consists of left and right power transmission units (5, 6) that adjust the power when the bicycle stops. or automatically high with spring return force when mechanical connection is interrupted. It also includes a dual-stage mechanical safety (fail-safe) mechanism that returns to the support position.

Description

TARIFF Invention Title SPEED-SENSITIVE, MULTI-ZONE CYLINDER FILTER WITH MECHANICAL FILTER FOR BICYCLES. FORCE-CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC ASSISTANT WHEEL SYSTEM State of the Art The invention relates to assistive wheel systems used to help children learn to ride bicycles. The invention relates specifically to the contact of the auxiliary wheel with the ground depending on the bicycle's forward speed. It applies the support force using mechanical speed sensing, without the use of electronic components. mechanical filtration and multi-zone force profile automatic switching through the production chain. It relates to an auxiliary wheel system and method. To help children learn to ride a bicycle, the back of the bicycle... Auxiliary wheel arrangements mounted on either side of the main wheel have been known for a long time. Known solutions can generally be grouped into six categories. The first group includes those who periodically adjust the height of the auxiliary wheel manually, using screw or pin mechanisms. These are systems that are configured as (for example, US3877727A, US3746367A, US5352403A, (US7712759B2). In these systems, adjustment is done manually before driving, not during driving. The second group consists of wheels that allow the auxiliary wheel to maintain constant contact with the ground via a spring. However, this contact force does not automatically change depending on the bicycle speed, but only on the ground. These are systems that passively adapt to their irregularities (for example, US5707069A and the same) US6113122A, US7032916B2, which are continuations of the family. The third group includes auxiliary wheels powered by an electric motor, electromagnet, or similar device. These are systems that are lifted and lowered by electromechanical drive (for example, US7556277B2 and the same (US20080029994A1, belonging to the application family). Speed ​​detection is optional in these systems. This can be done with a sensor, but actuation always requires electrical energy and a control circuit. It requires. The fourth group consists of fully automated electronics based on gyroscopes, accelerometers, and microprocessors. control systems (for example, US9096285B2, US9284002B2 and US9475533B2 patents) (family). These systems enable the automatic raising and lowering of the auxiliary wheel quickly and with incline. While it provides these functions, its operation is entirely dependent on electronic sensors, processors, and actuators; Their reliability is limited in the event of a power outage or malfunction. The fifth group consists of mechanical devices that operate on the centrifugal principle and whose rotational speed is dependent on the process. They are triggers. This principle is the governor-controlled stability proposed for motorcycles. in wheel layouts (e.g., US2589023A) and engine governors (e.g., (US2256715A, US2544352A, US4082074A) have been known for decades; however, these patterns 1 It either operates with a single threshold / binary (on-off) mechanism or has no connection whatsoever to the bicycle training wheel context. It is not being implemented. As the sixth group, an adjustable spring pre-loads the force applied to the auxiliary wheel on the ground. Systems that change the load are known (e.g., US7798512B2, for wheeled carriers). (US6772850B2 and US7007765B2). Spring preload installation or maintenance in these systems. It is manually adjusted during the ride, and automatically changes depending on the bike speed during the ride. It remains unchanged. Additionally, in automotive stabilizer bar systems, there are different options for increasing and decreasing speed. It is known that electronic thresholds are used (US6637757B2); motorcycle outrigger Automatic but single-threshold (binary) speed-triggered opening / closing is known on its wheels. (US4513837A). In the known state of the technique summarized above; (i) not using electronic components, (ii) (iii) short-term operation depending on bicycle speed, caused by road surface (iv) the auxiliary wheel, which can mechanically distinguish the shocks from the actual change in speed. the support force it applies to the ground is not applied suddenly at a single threshold, but through multiple strokes. There is no auxiliary wheel system in the region that gradually changes wheels. The Purpose of the Invention and the Technical Problems It Aims to Solve The main technical problem encountered in current assist wheel systems is the lack of support. its power is either manually (not while driving) or via electronic components (cost, battery Its dependence (with the risk of failure) is its adjustability. The only known mechanical and automatic operation. Centrifugal trigger systems, which offer a solution, provide a sudden (binary) transition at a single velocity threshold. This sudden transition poses a risk of startling / loss of balance for the child, as well as disrupting the pathway. the risk of confusing short-term impacts on the surface with a real change in velocity It carries. The aim of this invention is to create a bicycle that moves forward without requiring any electronic components or batteries. Depending on its speed, the assist wheel applies a support force to the ground of two or more gradually changing in several different work areas; and originating from the road surface. a mechanic that can distinguish short-term mechanical changes from actual speed changes The goal is to provide an auxiliary wheel system that includes a filtering mechanism. Another aim of the invention is to provide high support at low speed, gradually reduced support at medium speed, and By providing a low but non-zero safety boost at the balance speed, it helps the child maintain balance. It is about allowing them to learn gradually and without realizing it. The preferred approach utilized three operating zones (low speed, medium speed, equilibrium speed). However, the invention is not limited to this and includes two or more working areas. It also includes applications. 2 35 Another purpose of the invention is to prevent any damage when the bicycle stops or when the speed approaches zero. Without the need for external intervention or electronic control, the auxiliary wheels spring back. a mechanism that allows it to automatically return to the full support position with the force of rotation The goal is to provide a fail-safe system. Description of the Invention The auxiliary wheel system, which is the subject of this invention, consists essentially of four functional subunits: a mechanical speed sensing scheme (2), a mechanical filtering scheme (3), a force profile production unit (4) and left and right drive transmission units (5, 6). These four subunits make up the bicycle. a mechanical chain in sequence between the rear hub (1) and the left and right auxiliary wheels (7, 8) They are connected to each other in such a way as to form (see Figure 1). The auxiliary wheels (7, 8) of the bicycle It is located on either side of the rear wheel (9), attached to the bicycle frame (10). Mechanical Speed ​​Detection System (2) The mechanical speed sensing device (2) is a mechanical location that depends on the rotational speed of the rear hub (1). It produces a replacement. In a preferred application (Figure 2), this arrangement is with the rear hub (1). a pair mounted articulated on a carrier body (15) that rotates together centrifugal weights (13); these weights carry the weights and as the rotation speed increases, the weights move outwards. carrier arms (14) that enable the swinging; non-rotating arms that enable the swinging outward of the weights an axial thrust ring (16) which converts an axial motion; a ring which transmits the motion of this ring. exit slide (17); in the absence of centrifugal force, the mechanism returns to the low speed position. a return spring (18) that brings; and a non-rotating fixed carrier body that carries the whole assembly. (19) is formed. Figure 2 shows a centrifugal weighted mechanical velocity sensing system as an example. It has been shown that the invention is not limited to this arrangement, but as the rotational speed of the rear hub (1) increases any mechanical device capable of producing a mechanical output whose position changes gradually It encompasses. The invention includes, for example, the application of centrifugal force as well as mechanical... This also includes speed sensing systems based on differential or planetary gear mechanisms. Mechanical Filtration System (3) The output of the mechanical speed sensing device (2) is directly sent to the force profile generation unit (4) is not transmitted; the mechanical filtering system (3) in between, short-term damage from the road surface or high-frequency mechanical changes (for example, the wheel hitting a pothole or a stone) by reducing the sudden speed fluctuations caused by its arrival, only exceeding a certain period of time It ensures that permanent speed changes are transmitted to the force profile production unit (4). In one application (Figure 3), the mechanical filtration scheme (3) is a linear (axial) viscous It includes a damper. This damper consists of a cylinder / body (21), which is tightly fitted inside the body. It includes a moving piston head and a piston / slide shaft (22) that carries this piston head. Piston 3 35 The upper end of the shaft (22) is connected to the output of the mechanical speed sensing device (2) (17), and the lower end is connected to the force The profile is connected to the production unit (4). The inner side of the piston head of the body (21) on an externally mounted bypass line connecting their volumes There is an adjustable orifice (23); as the piston moves, the fluid passes through this narrow orifice. This creates resistance (viscous damping) that depends on the duration of the movement. In an alternative application, the mechanical filtering arrangement (3) has a pneumatic delay element. It includes. In another alternative application, a frictional delay disc is used. Another In practice, the mechanical filtration scheme (3) has a threshold for increasing the velocity and a threshold for decreasing the velocity. a mechanical hysteresis element that creates a different (lower) transition threshold (for example It includes a spring-loaded overshoot / detent mechanism; this allows the system to oscillate back and forth around the overshoot threshold. It does not. In a preferred application, mechanical dampers with linear (axial) viscous dampers are used. The hysteresis element is designed to provide both time-based filtering and threshold-based stability in series. They are used individually or as an integrated unit. Force profile generation with mechanical filtering system (3), mechanical speed sensing system (2) By positioning between units (4), only filtered force profile production units are produced. It enables the transmission of mechanical motion. Force Profile Production Unit (4) Filtered motion drives the force profile generation unit (4). This unit; beforehand a cam body / profile plate (24) with a defined, nonlinear profile and this It includes a follower (25) that produces horizontal displacement by following the edge of the profile (Figure 4). The cam body (24) defines two or more different working zones. Preferred In practice, these regions are a first region (26) which provides high support force at low speed, a second zone (27) providing a gradually reduced support force at medium speed and balance It is a third zone that provides a low-speed but non-zero backup security support. (28). The cam body (24) can be a profiled linear cam that operates with linear motion, It could also be a circular disc cam rotated by a rack-and-pinion mechanism. Figure 4 shows the profile of the cam body (24) in a stepped (stepped) form as an example. This has been demonstrated, and the invention is not limited to this representation; the profile is continuous / curved between regions. It can also be configured to provide a transition. In a preferred application (Figure 5), the horizontal displacement produced by the follower (25) is a front It moves the load adjustment slider / plate (29); this slider is the auxiliary wheel support spring. (12) by touching one end of the spring, it gradually compresses or loosens the spring. (12) other The end of the spring output / force transmission transmits its force to the auxiliary wheel carrier arm (11). It contacts the plate (30). In this way, the preload of the spring (12) changes as the position of the slide (29) changes. and therefore the support force transmitted from the plate (30) to the arm (11) changes gradually. In an alternative application, the force profile generation unit (4) is the auxiliary wheel carrier arm. (11) Adjusts the support force by changing the effective moment arm. 4 35 Power Transmission Units and Auxiliary Wheels (5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12) Force profile generation unit (4), left and right force transmission as a common control input. It is connected to the units (5, 6). However, the left and right power transmission units share a common control input. sharing, each has its own auxiliary wheel carrier arm (11) and support spring (12) In this way, they can independently provide mechanical adaptation to ground irregularities; so that the auxiliary wheel (7 or 8) on one side adapts to a local bump while the other The auxiliary wheel on the side is not affected by this (Figure 6). Left and right auxiliary wheels (7, 8) are mounted in a rotatable manner at the ends of the carrier arms (11) and on the rear of the bicycle It is located on either side of the wheel (9), attached to the bicycle frame (10). In one additional application, a pendulum or eccentric weight is mounted on the bicycle frame, When the bicycle leans (turns), there is an asymmetrical distribution between the left and right drivetrain units. by applying an additional force component, the auxiliary wheel on the outside of the curve relative to the one on the inside. It provides greater support force protection. Mechanical Fail-Safe System The return spring (18) of the mechanical speed sensing device (2) of the centrifugal force (or In alternative speed sensing systems, in the absence of equivalent force, the system automatically It brings it to a low speed / high support position. In addition, the power transmission units (5, 6) in each of them, the preload adjustment slider (29) is held pre-tensioned toward the high support position. There is a separate and independent second return spring (34); this spring (34) is the speed detection system (2) even if the mechanical connection between the force profile production unit (4) breaks or jams This prevents the auxiliary wheels from remaining in a low support position. These two independent return movements... mechanism (18, 34) ensures the system is secure without requiring any electronic control This allows it to revert to the default state (Figure 7). Additional Applications The initial preload of the auxiliary wheel support spring (12) is based on the child's body weight. It can be pre-set with an adjustable calibration element. The system described in the invention is available. It can be designed as a modular unit that can be retrofitted to the rear axle of a bicycle. Method As shown in Figure 9, the method described in the invention involves the following steps: (a) the bicycle mechanical displacement depending on the rotational speed of the rear hub (1) mechanical speed sensing (2) produced by the system; (b) the mechanical displacement in question is short-term or Mechanical filtering arrangement to reduce high frequency mechanical changes (3) (c) two or more depending on the filtered motion; Force profile generation unit in multiple (preferably three) different working zones. (4) generating a force profile; and (d) depending on the said force profile The support force applied to the ground by the auxiliary wheel (7, 8) is transmitted to the power transmission unit (5, 6) 35 Modification by. Steps (a) to (d), continuous and cyclical as long as the bicycle is moving. This is repeated as follows. Also, (e) when the bicycle speed approaches zero or mechanical speed sensing When the connection between the layout (2) and the force profile production unit (4) is interrupted, the auxiliary The wheels (7, 8) are automatically raised to high support by the force of the return springs (18, 34). It is brought to that position. How the invention can be applied to industry. The invention concerns an auxiliary wheel system with a body that can be produced by injection molding. and cam components, standard steel springs and low-friction mechanical fasteners. It can be manufactured in a way suitable for mass production using this system. The system is compatible with existing bicycle models. as a standalone module that can be mounted later, or by bicycle manufacturers. It can be offered as original equipment. Due to the absence of electronic components, the production cost is reduced. The maintenance requirements can be kept low, and post-assembly maintenance is minimal. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: Showing the overall layout of the system described in the invention on the bicycle, shown below. It is a schematic view that reveals the connection between functional units. Figure 2: Mechanical speed sensing scheme (2), with a centrifugal weighted preferred design. It shows its appearance according to the application. Figure 3: Mechanical filtration arrangement (3), preferred with linear (axial) viscous damper. It shows its appearance according to an application. Figure 4: External view of the force profile production unit (4) according to the multi-region cam profile. It shows. Figure 5: Shows the external view of the spring preload adjustment mechanism. Figure 6: Left and right force transmission units (5, 6) from force profile production unit (4) While receiving a common control input, they address ground irregularities independently of each other. This shows that it can adapt mechanically. Figure 7: Mechanical fail-safe position of the system; mechanical speed detection arrangement. (2) when the return spring (18) is in the resting position and the power transmission unit (5, 6) The independent second return spring (34) keeps the auxiliary wheel in the full support position. This shows the situation. Figure 8: Three different operating conditions of the system at low speed, medium speed and equilibrium speed. compare its position (26, 27, 28) and the gradual decrease in support force. It presents them together in a way that shows them. Figure 9: Steps (a) to (e) of the method described in the invention and the continuous / cyclical nature of these steps. It is a flowchart that shows how it works. 6 Explanation of References in Figures 1 Rear hub / speed input 2 Mechanical speed sensing system 3. Mechanical filtration system 4 Force profile production units Left power transmission unit 6 Right power transmission unit 7 Left auxiliary wheel 8 Right auxiliary wheel 9 Bicycle rear wheel bicycle frame 11 Auxiliary wheel carrier arms 12 Auxiliary wheel support springs 13 Centrifugal weights (centrifugal weight application) 14. Weight-bearing arms (centrifugal weight application) Rotating carrier body (centrifugal weighted application) 16 Axial thrust collars 17 Exit slide / pusher element 18 Return spring (within the mechanical speed sensing system) 19 Fixed carrier body 21 Damper body / cylinder 22 Damper piston / slide shaft 23 Adjustable orifice on bypass line 24 Cam body / profile plate Follower 26. First operating zone (low speed / high support) 27 Second operating zone (medium speed / progressively reduced support) 28 Third operating zone (balance speed / low but non-zero safety support) 29 Preload adjustment slider / plate Spring output / force transmission plate 34 Second return spring (inside the power transmission unit) 7

Claims

REQUESTS 1. A device that can be mounted on the rear wheel of a bicycle and adjusts according to the bicycle's forward speed. automatically the support force applied to the ground by at least one auxiliary wheel (7, 8) It is an auxiliary wheel system that changes the rotational speed of the rear hub (1) of the bicycle. a mechanical velocity sensing device that produces a related mechanical displacement (2); transmitting mechanical displacement and short-term or high-frequency mechanical changes. by reducing it, it only transmits sustained speed changes that exceed a predetermined period of time. mechanical filtering arrangement (3); two or more different depending on the filtered motion a force profile generation unit (4) that produces a force profile in the working area; and the word depending on the subject force profile, at least one auxiliary wheel (7, 8) applies force to the ground It must include at least one power transmission unit (5, 6) that modifies the support force.

2. The system according to claim 1, and its feature is; mechanical speed sensing device (2), rear hub (1) at least one articulated mounting on a carrier body (15) that rotates together centrifugal weight (13) and the centrifugal motion of the weight in question as an axial thrust It includes a carrier arm (14) that transmits to the bracelet (16).

3. A system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, whose characteristic is a mechanical filtering arrangement (3) It contains a linear (axial) viscous damper.

4. The system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, and its characteristic is; mechanical filtering arrangement (3) It includes a pneumatic delay element.

5. The system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, and its characteristic is; mechanical filtering arrangement (3) It contains a frictional delay element.

6. A system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, whose characteristic is a mechanical filtering arrangement (3), a threshold for increasing bicycle speed and a threshold for decreasing bicycle speed. It contains a mechanical hysteresis element that creates a different transition threshold.

7. The system according to claim 3, and its feature is; mechanical filtering arrangement (3) also, bicycle a threshold for increasing speed and a threshold different from that threshold for decreasing bicycle speed It contains a mechanical hysteresis element that forms a transition threshold and has linear (axial) viscosity. The damper and the mechanical hysteresis element in question can be supplied together in series or as an integrated unit. It is the use of.

8. The system according to any of claims 1 to 7, and its characteristic is; force profile production unit. (4) includes a cam profile (24) that changes the preload of the auxiliary wheel support spring (12).

9. The system according to any of claims 1 to 7, and its characteristic is; force profile production unit. (4) support by changing the effective moment arm of the auxiliary wheel carrier arm (11). It is the adjustment of its force. 8 10. A system according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized by its left and right power transmission. by receiving a common control input from the force profile production unit (4) of the units (5, 6) together, each with its own auxiliary wheel carrier arm (11) and support spring (12) It is the ability to mechanically adapt to ground irregularities independently of each other.

11. A system according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized by being mounted on a bicycle frame. It includes a pendulum or eccentric weight, and that weight is positioned to the side of the bicycle In the event of tilting, an asymmetrical additional force component is applied to the left and right power transmission units. by applying this, the auxiliary wheel on the outside of the curve gets more support than the one on the inside. Its purpose is to ensure the preservation of its strength.

12. A system according to any of claims 1 to 11, whose characteristic is mechanical speed sensing. (2) low speed / high speed in the absence of centrifugal force or equivalent force of the system a first return spring (18) that enables it to return to the support position and each force in the transfer unit (5, 6), mechanical speed sensing device (2) and force profile generation unit Even if the mechanical connection between (4) breaks or jams, the helper preventing the wheels from remaining in a low support position, towards a high support position. It contains a second and independent return spring (34) with pre-stress.

13. The system is based on any of the requirements 1 to 12 and its feature is: auxiliary wheel support. The initial preload of the spring (12) can be adjusted according to the user's body weight. It is pre-configurable using a calibration element.

14. A system according to any of claims 1 to 13, whose characteristic is; the rear of an existing bicycle. It is configured as a standalone module that can be retrofitted to the axis.

15. The automatic acceleration of the support force applied to the ground by a bicycle's training wheel. It is a method for checking the rotation of the rear hub (1) of the bicycle, and its feature is; (a) the rear hub (1) of the bicycle. (b) a step to produce a mechanical displacement dependent on its velocity; (b) the mechanical displacement in question to reduce modification, short-term or high-frequency mechanical changes (c) two or more steps depending on the filtered motion; (d) the step of generating a force profile in a different working region; and (d) the force profile in question Depending on the auxiliary wheel (7, 8), it changes the support force it applies to the ground. It includes the step.

16. The method according to claim 15, its characteristic is; (e) when the bicycle speed approaches zero or mechanical When the connection between the speed sensing device (2) and the force profile generation unit (4) is interrupted, Automatic high support with spring return force of auxiliary wheel (7, 8) It involves the step of bringing it to its current position. 9 17. A system according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterized by its force profile generation. The unit (4) must create at least three different working zones, and these zones must be low a first zone (26) which provides high support force at speed, gradually at medium speed a second region (27) providing reduced support force and low but zero equilibrium speed It includes a third region (28) that provides security support that is not otherwise provided.

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