Full-nitrogen circulation, heating and vulcanization system, and vulcanization method

Abstract

A full-nitrogen circulation, heating and vulcanization system, and a vulcanization method. The full-nitrogen circulation, heating and vulcanization system comprises a circulation line (7). The circulation line (7) is sequentially provided with a circulating pump (1), a gas heater (4), a uniform nitrogen heating device (6), a ring seat cylinder head, a capsule (31), a circulation buffer tank (15), and a filter (16). The capsule (31) is arranged on the ring seat cylinder head; the circulation buffer tank (15) is connected to a nitrogen replenishment line (33); the nitrogen replenishment line (33) is sequentially provided with a nitrogen production system (22), a low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (23), a booster pump (24), a high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (25), a pressure reducing valve (26), and a nitrogen replenishment one-way valve (27); a recovery line (20) is arranged between the capsule (31) and the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (23); the recovery line (20) is provided with a vacuum pump (29) and a first recovery valve (28); a second recovery valve (30) is connected in parallel to the head and tail ends of the vacuum pump (29); a cooling line (32) is connected in parallel on the circulation line (7); and the cooling line (32) is provided with a first cooling valve (17), a second cooling valve (18), and a cooling device (19).

Description

Full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system and vulcanization method

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202322798510.5 filed with the China Patent Office on October 18, 2023, priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202311354655.4 filed with the China Patent Office on October 18, 2023, priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202322801136.X filed with the China Patent Office on October 18, 2023, priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202311351667.1 filed with the China Patent Office on October 18, 2023, and priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202322798509.2 filed with the China Patent Office on October 18, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of tire full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization, for example, to a full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system and a vulcanization method. Background Art

[0003] The tire industry typically uses a combined steam and nitrogen vulcanization process. Steam provides heat for the tire vulcanization process, while nitrogen maintains pressure within the bladder. After steam replenishment, the nitrogen is sealed within the bladder, placing less stringent requirements on the injection port of the ring-seat cylinder head. Due to energy conservation and environmental concerns, a full nitrogen vulcanization process has been proposed. In this process, nitrogen provides both heat and pressure. During the vulcanization process, nitrogen is continuously circulated through the vulcanization system by a circulating pump, maintaining a constant temperature within the bladder during the curing process. Because nitrogen is constantly circulating within the system, certain requirements are placed on the injection port and nitrogen outlet of the ring-seat cylinder head.

[0004] Gas heaters are electric heating devices that primarily heat gas flows and are widely used in the mechanical and chemical industries. Gas, under pressure, passes through an electric heating element, where the heat is evenly removed using the principles of fluid thermodynamics, ensuring that the heated gas temperature meets the application's process requirements. The core principle of heaters is energy conversion, but gas heaters suffer from the following common drawbacks:

[0005] 1. When the gas flow is large, the heat of the electric heating element cannot be transferred to the gas quickly and evenly, which means that the heater heats unevenly and the heat exchange rate is low, resulting in a limited flow rate of the heater gas, which limits the application range of the gas heater.

[0006] 2. The traditional heating method has the disadvantages of slow heating and high energy consumption, which does not meet the current low-carbon and environmental protection requirements.

[0007] Compared to superheated water and steam vulcanization, the steam and nitrogen co-vulcanization process eliminates water heating and pumping, reducing vulcanization costs. It uses low-pressure nitrogen for shaping, saving steam costs and addressing the issue of insufficient steam vulcanization pressure. Therefore, the steam and nitrogen co-vulcanization process offers significant advantages due to its comprehensive control over vulcanization conditions. Most tire manufacturers use this process for vulcanization.

[0008] However, the steam-nitrogen co-vulcanization process still relies on steam. Steam must be supplied by boilers, which generate large amounts of toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide during operation, causing serious environmental pollution. Steam itself is prone to volatility, high energy consumption, and high losses, hindering the development of a green, low-carbon, circular economy and the implementation of the strategic decision to achieve carbon peak by 2030. Furthermore, during the vulcanization process, steam releases heat and condenses, which accumulates on the sides of the bladder, resulting in uneven vulcanization on the upper and lower sides of the tire, thus affecting the vulcanization quality. Furthermore, the steam-nitrogen co-vulcanization process requires repeated introduction of high-temperature media and condensation removal during the pre-vulcanization stage, which causes internal bladder pressure fluctuations. During the pressure-holding vulcanization stage, the steam-nitrogen co-vulcanization process lacks heat, causing the bladder temperature to drop and prolonging the pressure-holding time. Nitrogen can be produced using a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system or a diaphragm device. This nitrogen supply method is very economical for tire factories with a daily production of less than 20,000 tires.

[0009] Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present application provides a ring-seat cylinder head, which solves the technical problem of ensuring uniform temperature and stable pressure in the bladder during the nitrogen circulation vulcanization process, and is conducive to improving the vulcanization quality.

[0011] The present application provides a gas heater that uses electromagnetic induction heating technology to solve the problems of low gas heat exchange rate, long heating time and high energy consumption in the heater.

[0012] The present application provides a full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system and vulcanization method, which solves the problems of serious pollution, high energy consumption, large pre-vulcanization pressure fluctuation, uneven upper and lower temperature, and long pressure holding time in the steam and nitrogen co-vulcanization process. It has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, small pressure fluctuation, uniform temperature, and high efficiency.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application provides a ring-seat cylinder head, the cylinder head comprises a cylinder head nozzle and a cylinder head seat connected to each other, the cylinder head nozzle is designed with an injection inlet, a cylinder head nitrogen outlet, an air inlet groove, and an air outlet groove, the injection inlet is arranged on the side of the cylinder head nozzle, the injection direction of the injection inlet is tangent to a center circle and inclined downward; the nitrogen outlet is arranged on the top surface of the cylinder head nozzle, and the cylinder head nitrogen outlet is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the air inlet groove is a circular arc groove, the center of which is in the On the central axis of the cylinder head nozzle, the plane where the notch of the arc groove is located is parallel to the top surface of the cylinder head nozzle, and the arc groove is connected to the injection inlet; the air outlet groove is a circular groove, which is connected to the nitrogen outlet of the cylinder head on the inner side of the air inlet groove; vertical air inlet straight-through grooves and air outlet straight-through grooves are respectively provided inside the cylinder head seat, which are connected to the air inlet groove and the air outlet groove respectively, and a cylinder head air inlet and a cylinder head air outlet are opened on the side of the cylinder head seat, which are connected to the air inlet straight-through groove and the air outlet straight-through groove respectively.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides a gas heater, comprising a first cylinder and an air inlet and an air outlet respectively located at the two end ends of the first cylinder, a porous heating body is provided in the first cylinder, the porous heating body is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the first cylinder by interference fit, a plurality of air flow channels passing through the left and right sides of the porous heating body are provided in the porous heating body, and guide cones are respectively provided at the two end ends of the porous heating body, a conical tube is welded at both ends of the first cylinder, the conical tube is located outside the guide cone, and a gap between the inner wall of the conical tube and the outer wall of the guide cone forms a flow channel, the two end ends of the conical tube are respectively fixedly connected to the flange, the opening in the middle of the flange is connected to the flow channel to form an air inlet and an air outlet respectively, and the outer wall of the first cylinder is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application provides a full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system, comprising a circulation pipeline, on which a circulation pump, the above-mentioned gas heater, a nitrogen uniform heating device, the above-mentioned ring seat cylinder head, a capsule, a circulation buffer tank, and a filter are sequentially provided, and the capsule is arranged on the ring seat cylinder head; the circulation buffer tank on the circulation pipeline is connected to a nitrogen supply pipeline, on which a nitrogen production system, a low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank, a booster pump, a high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank, a pressure reducing valve, and a nitrogen supply check valve are sequentially provided; a recovery pipeline is provided between the capsule on the circulation pipeline and the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank of the nitrogen supply pipeline, the recovery pipeline is provided with a vacuum pump and a first recovery valve, and a second recovery valve is connected in parallel to both ends of the vacuum pump; a cooling pipeline is connected in parallel between the circulation pump and the circulation buffer tank on the circulation pipeline, and the cooling pipeline is provided with a first cooling valve, a second cooling valve, and a cooling device.

[0016] The present application provides a method for performing full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization using the above system, the method comprising:

[0017] Fill nitrogen into the tire's full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system;

[0018] preheating the gas heater and the nitrogen uniform heating device;

[0019] heating and circulating the nitrogen for vulcanization;

[0020] cooling the capsule;

[0021] The nitrogen is recovered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a ring-seat cylinder head of the present application;

[0023] FIG2 is a front view of a ring-seat cylinder head of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line MM in Figure 2;

[0025] FIG4 is a perspective view of a gas heater of the present application;

[0026] FIG5 is a front view of a gas heater of the present application;

[0027] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of FIG2;

[0028] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of FIG2;

[0029] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure of FIG2 ;

[0030] FIG9 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a porous heating body of the present application;

[0031] FIG10 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the porous heating body and the guide cone of the present application;

[0032] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system provided by the present application;

[0033] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a nitrogen uniform heating device provided in the present application;

[0034] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a heating unit in a nitrogen uniform heating device provided by the present application;

[0035] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device in a nitrogen uniform heating device provided by the present application;

[0036] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a rapid heating device provided by the present application;

[0037] FIG16 is a front view of a rapid heating device provided by the present application;

[0038] FIG17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rapid heating device provided by the present application;

[0039] FIG18 is a left view of the structure of a rapid heating device provided in this application.

[0040] The parts in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0041] 1'. Cylinder head nozzle, 2'. Cylinder head seat, 11'. Injection inlet, 12'. Cylinder head nitrogen outlet, 13'. External thread, 14'. Air inlet groove, 15'. Air outlet groove, 16'. Air inlet straight groove, 17'. Air outlet straight groove, 21'. Cylinder head air inlet, 22'. Cylinder head air outlet;

[0042] 1'. First cylinder, 2'. Porous heating element, 3'. Guide cone, 4'. Air inlet, 5'. Conical tube, 6'. Air outlet, 7'. Electromagnetic heating and insulation device, 8'. Insulation cover, 9'. Air flow channel, 10'. Bolts and screw holes;

[0043] 1. Circulation pump, 2. First heating valve, 3. First temperature sensor, 4. Rapid heating device, 5. Second temperature sensor, 6. Nitrogen uniform heating device, 7. Circulation pipeline, 8. Circulation check valve, 9. First pressure sensor, 10. Third temperature sensor, 11. Fourth temperature sensor, 12. Second pressure sensor, 13. Back pressure valve, 14. Second heating valve, 15. Circulation buffer tank, 16. Filter, 17. First cooling valve, 18. Second cooling valve, 19. Cooling device, 20. Recovery pipeline, 21. Quick exhaust valve, 22. Nitrogen generation system, 23. Low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank, 24. Booster pump, 25. High-pressure nitrogen buffer tank, 26. Pressure reducing valve, 27. Nitrogen replenishment check valve, 28. First recovery valve, 29. Vacuum pump, 30. Second recovery valve, 31. Capsule, 32. Cooling pipeline, 33. Nitrogen replenishment pipeline;

[0044] 41. Nitrogen inlet, 42. Cast aluminum, 43. Nitrogen outlet, 44. Sealing flange, 45. Second electromagnetic heating and insulation device, 46. Porous structure, 47. Third cylinder;

[0045] 61. Sealed terminal, 62. Heating unit, 621. Hot plate, 622. Electromagnetic coil, 623. Wire reel, 63. First electromagnetic heating and insulation device, 631. High-temperature paper, 632. Angle code, 633. Housing, 634. Electromagnetic heating coil, 64. Signal receiving unit, 65. Control unit, 66. Control panel, 67. Fixing device, 68. Sealing flange, 69. Gas inlet, 610. Second cylinder, 611. Gas outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following examples illustrate the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will understand the other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through different specific embodiments. Many details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. The following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0047] The illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. Therefore, the illustrations only show components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] As shown in Figure 1, a ring-seat cylinder head includes two parts, a cylinder head nozzle 1' and a cylinder head seat 2', which are connected to each other. The cylinder head nozzle 1' is the core part, and is designed with an injection inlet 11', a cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12', an air inlet groove 14', and an air outlet groove 15'. The injection inlet 11' is arranged on the side of the cylinder head nozzle 1', and the injection direction of the injection inlet 11' is tangent to a center circle and inclined downward. The cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12' is arranged on the top surface of the cylinder head nozzle 1', and the cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12' is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. During nitrogen circulation vulcanization, nitrogen is injected from the side of the cylinder head nozzle 1' around the center circle and obliquely downward into the capsule 31. After mixing in the capsule 31, it flows out from the cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12' at the top of the cylinder head nozzle 1'. The air inlet groove 14' is a circular arc groove, the ends of the circular arc groove are disconnected, the center of the circle is on the central axis of the cylinder head nozzle 1', the plane where the notch of the circular arc groove is located is parallel to the top surface of the cylinder head nozzle 1', and the circular arc groove is connected to the injection inlet 11'. The air outlet groove 15' is a circular groove, which is connected to the cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12' on the inner side of the air inlet groove 14'. Vertical air inlet straight-through grooves 16' and air outlet straight-through grooves 17' are respectively provided inside the cylinder head seat 2', which are respectively connected to the air inlet groove 14' and the air outlet groove 15'. A cylinder head air inlet port 21' and a cylinder head air outlet port 22' are provided on the side of the cylinder head seat 2', which are respectively connected to the air inlet straight-through groove 16' and the air outlet straight-through groove 17'.

[0050] The diameter of the injection inlet 11 ′ is in the range of 1.8-4.0 mm, the downward inclination angle is in the range of 15°-30°, and the number of the injection inlet 11 ′ is in the range of 8-24.

[0051] The diameter of the cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12 ′ is in the range of 4-7 mm, and the number of the cylinder head nitrogen outlets 12 ′ is in the range of 8-24.

[0052] Optionally, the cylinder head spray head 1 ' is connected to the cylinder head base 2 ' using stainless steel bolts.

[0053] Optionally, the cylinder head seat 2' is designed with an external thread 13' for connection with a matching mechanism.

[0054] The experimental novel adopting the above structure has the following working steps: high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen enters from the cylinder head air inlet 21', passes through the air inlet straight groove 16' and enters the air inlet groove 14', and is then injected into the capsule from the injection inlet 11'. After the nitrogen is mixed in the capsule, it enters the air outlet groove 15' through the cylinder head nitrogen outlet 12', then goes down through the air outlet straight groove 17', and finally flows out through the cylinder head air outlet 22'. Then, it circulates continuously in the capsule under the action of an external heating device and a circulating pump, maintaining a suitable temperature and stable pressure for capsule vulcanization, thereby improving the vulcanization quality.

[0055] The ring-seat cylinder head of the present application is provided with an injection inlet tangent to the center circle and obliquely downward, a cylinder head nitrogen outlet sewn along the circumferential direction, an air inlet groove, a straight-through groove, etc., so that high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen can be evenly sprayed along the four sides of the capsule wall when entering the capsule. Therefore, during the circulating fluidization process, the temperature of the inner wall of the capsule can always be kept uniform, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the tire and meeting the requirements of the pure nitrogen vulcanization process for the central mechanism ring-seat cylinder head to have uniform temperature and stable pressure in the capsule temporal part.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a gas heater comprises a first cylinder 1" and an air inlet 4' and an air outlet 6' respectively located at the two ends of the first cylinder 1". A porous heating body 2" is provided in the first cylinder 1". The porous heating body 2" is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the first cylinder 1" through interference fit. The porous heating body 2" is provided with a plurality of air flow channels 9' passing through the left and right sides of the porous heating body 2", and a guide cone 3' is provided at both ends thereof. A conical tube 5' is welded at both ends of the first cylinder 1". The conical tube 5' is located outside the guide cone 3', and the gap between its inner wall and the outer wall of the guide cone 3' forms a flow channel. The two ends of the conical tube 5' are respectively fixedly connected to the flange, and the opening in the middle of the flange is connected to the flow channel to form an air inlet 4' and an air outlet 6' respectively. The outer wall of the first cylinder 1" is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 7'.

[0058] The present application uses the reasonable porous structure of the porous heating body, the guide cones set at both ends of the porous heating body, and the tapered tubes at both ends of the first cylinder, so that after the gas enters from the air inlet, under the guiding action of the guide cones and the tapered tubes, the gas evenly enters the air flow channel of the porous heating body and is heated, and then flows out from the air outlet, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency between the gas and the heating component, and improving the output heating power of the heated gas, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0059] The porous heating body 2" is a cylindrical metal column, and the central axis position of the column is a solid structure part, and the outer side of the central axis is provided with multiple air flow channels 9' arranged around the solid structure part, as shown in Figure 3; or the porous heating body 2" is a cylindrical metal column, and the central axis position of the column is a hollow structure part, and the outer side of the central axis is provided with multiple air flow channels 9' arranged around the hollow structure part, as shown in Figure 4. The porous heating body 2" described in the present application can adopt both solid and hollow structures. The solid one can increase the stored heat and have higher heat exchange efficiency, while the hollow one can reduce the mass and facilitate transportation and installation.

[0060] In addition, the porous heating body 2" is composed of at least one cylindrical metal column. When the porous heating body is a solid structure, the multiple metal columns are connected and fixed to each other through bolts and screw holes 10" located at the central axis of the column, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and the connection between the porous heating body and the guide cone at both ends also adopts a connection structure of bolts and screw holes, or the guide cone is directly welded to the end face of the porous heating body at both ends, as shown in Figure 7; when the porous heating body is a hollow structure, the multiple metal columns are fixed to each other by welding, and the connection between the porous heating body and the guide cone at both ends can only be achieved by welding, inserting the tail of the guide cone into the hollow cavity of the porous heating body, and welding the outer wall of the guide cone to the inner wall of the hollow cavity of the porous heating body, as shown in Figures 4 and 7.

[0061] The porous heating body can be obtained by casting, machining or metal 3D printing, with an outer diameter ranging from 120mm to 400mm, a length ranging from 150mm to 1000mm, and an air flow channel diameter ranging from 2mm to 8mm to form the best heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] The outer wall of the first barrel 1" is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 7'. The electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device adopts the electromagnetic heating device described in the invention patent of "A two-half single-screw extruder electromagnetic heating body, equipment and system" applied by the applicant. It is wrapped around the outer wall of the first barrel to achieve electromagnetic heating of the first barrel. Since the outer walls of the tapered tubes 5' at both ends of the first barrel are not provided with heating and heat preservation devices, in order to ensure the temperature of the air inlet and outlet, the present application also wraps the outer wall of the tapered tube 5' with a heat preservation cover 8'.

[0063] During use, when the porous heating body is used to heat the gas, the porous heating body is preheated first; first, a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is generated by the heating and heat preservation device, and the surface of the first cylinder cuts the alternating magnetic lines of force to generate alternating current (i.e., eddy current) in the metal part at the bottom of the cylinder. The eddy current causes the iron atoms of the first cylinder to move irregularly at high speed, and the atoms collide and rub against each other to generate heat energy, thereby realizing self-heating of the first cylinder; then the first cylinder transfers the heat to the porous heating body through heat conduction until the porous heating body is heated to the set temperature; then gas is introduced from the air inlet, enters the air flow channel of the porous heating body through the guiding action of the guide cone and the tapered tube, and is heated, and then flows out from the air outlet at the other end, thereby completing the conversion of heat from the porous heating body to gas.

[0064] As described above, the present application increases the heat exchange area with the gas, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the gas, and improves the output heating power through the guiding effect of the guide cone and the reasonable structural distribution of the air flow channel of the porous heating body; and the electromagnetic heating and insulation device arranged on the outside of the heater can not only heat the first cylinder, but also insulate the first cylinder, thereby improving the temperature uniformity and heating rate of the gas, and the electromagnetic induction heating has a significant energy-saving effect.

[0065] The present application uses the electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device to make the first cylinder self-heating, and the first cylinder transfers heat to the porous heating body through heat conduction. The gas flows through the air flow channel of the porous heating body and takes away the heat, which can achieve the effect of rapid heating and can be applied to a wider range of heating environments.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. A full nitrogen circulating heating vulcanization system includes a circulating pipeline 7, which is sequentially provided with a circulating pump 1, a rapid heating device 4, a nitrogen uniform heating device 6, a ring-shaped cylinder head provided in Example 1, a capsule 31, a circulating buffer tank 15, and a filter 16. The capsule 31 is provided on the ring-shaped cylinder head.

[0068] The circulation buffer tank 15 on the circulation pipeline 7 is connected to a nitrogen supply pipeline 33, and the nitrogen supply pipeline 33 is sequentially provided with a nitrogen production system (PSA) 22, a low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23, a booster pump 24, a high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 25, a pressure reducing valve 26, and a nitrogen supply check valve 27;

[0069] A recovery line 20 is provided between the capsule 31 on the circulation line 7 and the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23 of the nitrogen replenishment line 33. The recovery line 20 is provided with a vacuum pump 29 and a first recovery valve 28. The second recovery valve 30 is connected in parallel to both ends of the vacuum pump 29.

[0070] A cooling pipeline 32 is connected in parallel on the circulation pipeline 7 between the circulation pump 1 and the circulation buffer tank 15 . The cooling pipeline 32 is provided with a first cooling valve 17 , a second cooling valve 18 and a cooling device 19 .

[0071] The inlet and outlet of the capsule 31 are respectively equipped with a first pressure sensor 9, a third temperature sensor 10, a fourth temperature sensor 11, and a second pressure sensor 12 to monitor the pressure inside the capsule 31 and the curing temperature, thereby adjusting the circulation flow rate and heating settings of the circulation pipeline 7 under different operating conditions. A second heating valve 14 is installed between the capsule 31 and the circulation buffer tank 15, and a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the circulation buffer tank 15.

[0072] A quick exhaust valve 21 is provided on the circulation pipeline 7 between the capsule 31 and the circulation buffer tank 15. The quick exhaust valve 21 can exhaust the impurities in the capsule 31 before the circulation heating and vulcanization process is started.

[0073] The inlet and outlet of the rapid heating device 4 on the circulation line 7 are respectively provided with a first temperature sensor 3 and a second temperature sensor 5. The inlet of the rapid heating device 4 is provided with a first heating valve 2. The outlet of the nitrogen uniform heating device 6 is provided with a circulation check valve 8.

[0074] The circulating buffer tank 15 is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating device, and whether to turn on the heating and the temperature setting can be selected according to the working state of the nitrogen.

[0075] The circulation pump 1 includes but is not limited to a rotor pump, a roots pump, a cylinder pump, etc., which can stably circulate high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen back and forth in the system to increase the stable temperature and pressure for tire vulcanization.

[0076] The nitrogen uniform heating device 6 includes a cylindrical second barrel 610, a heating unit 62, a first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63, a control unit 65, a fixing device 67 for fixing multiple heating units in series, a signal receiving unit 64 connected to the control unit and used to receive signals from the heating units, a control panel 66 connected to the control unit, a sealing flange 68 with a stepped through groove, a gas inlet 69, a gas outlet 611, and a sealing terminal 61. The first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63 is covered on the outside of the second barrel 610.

[0077] One end of the nitrogen heating uniform device 6 is sealed by metal welding, and the other end is sealed by the sealing flange 68. The sealing terminal 61 is welded in the stepped groove on the sealing flange 68.

[0078] The number of the heating units 62 is at least one set, which is fixed to the axial section of the second cylinder 610 by a fixing mechanism, and its edge is connected to the inner wall of the second cylinder 610. The heating unit 62 includes a hot plate 621, an electromagnetic coil 622 and a wire drum 623. The wire drum 623 is provided with a spiral groove, and the electromagnetic coil 622 is fixed in the spiral groove; the hot plate 621 is placed on the electromagnetic coil 622; the hot plate 621 has a porous structure, and the porous structure can be obtained by machining, metal 3D printing or porous metal or porous foamed metal; the electromagnetic coil 622 is connected to the control unit 65 through a sealing terminal 61 fixed on the sealing flange; the signal receiving unit 64 is connected to the heating unit 62 through a thermocouple. The electromagnetic coil 622 heats the hot plate 621 through a high-frequency alternating current. The high-temperature nitrogen flowing in from the rapid heating device 4 passes through the porous structure of the hot plate 621, and the nitrogen is heated by the turbulent flow. High-temperature, high-pressure nitrogen with uniform temperature is obtained at the outlet, and then passes through the ring seat cylinder head into the capsule 31 for vulcanization.

[0079] The first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63 is composed of two semicircular rings, which are connected by hinges and buckles and adhered to the outer wall of the second cylinder 610. It includes an outer shell 633, an angle code 632, an electromagnetic heating coil 634, and high-temperature paper 631. Insulation cotton is filled between the outer shell 633 and the electromagnetic heating coil 634 (not shown in Figure 4). The electromagnetic heating coil 634 is adhered to the inside of the insulation cotton by high-temperature glue. The high-temperature paper 631 is on the innermost side of the electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63 and is fixed by the angle code 632 to wrap the electromagnetic heating coil 634.

[0080] The interior of the rapid heating device 4 is a lotus root-shaped structure with a porous structure, which includes a nitrogen inlet 41, cast aluminum 42, a nitrogen outlet 43, a sealing flange 44, a second electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 45 and a third cylinder 47, wherein the cast aluminum 42 is provided with a plurality of fine pore structures 46 running through the left and right sides of the cast aluminum 42.

[0081] The rapid heating device 4 is externally provided with a second electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 45 having the same structure as the first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63 to heat the third cylinder 47 of the rapid heating device 4. The third cylinder 47 transfers heat to the cast aluminum 42 through heat conduction. The cast aluminum 42 inside the rapid heating device 4 is provided with a fine-pore structure 46. The fine-pore structure 46 in the cast aluminum 42 can be obtained by casting or machining the cast aluminum 42. Nitrogen flows through the fine-pore structure 46 of the cast aluminum 42 and is rapidly heated. The second temperature sensor 5 at the outlet of the rapid heating device 4 can monitor the temperature of the nitrogen exiting the rapid heating device 4 and adjust the set temperature of the rapid heating device 4 according to the temperature of the nitrogen at the outlet.

[0082] The cooling pipeline 32 can quickly cool the high-temperature nitrogen coming out of the capsule 31, and then enter the circulation buffer tank 15 to be heated to a low temperature, and then enter the capsule 31 through the circulation pump 1 for circulation cooling.

[0083] The nitrogen replenishment pipeline 33 can separate and purify nitrogen in the air and enter the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23, which is compressed by the booster pump 24 and enters the high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 25, and then passes through the pressure reducing valve 26 and flows into the circulation buffer tank 15.

[0084] One end of the recovery line 20 is connected to the nitrogen supply line 33. The recovery line 20 is provided with a vacuum pump 29, a first recovery valve 28, and a second recovery valve 30.

[0085] The present application also discloses a method for performing full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization of tires using the above system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Fill nitrogen into the tire full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system;

[0087] Start the nitrogen production system 22, and pass air into the nitrogen production system 22. The nitrogen production system 22 fills high-purity nitrogen into the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23. Turn on the booster pump 24 to boost the low-pressure nitrogen to form high-pressure nitrogen, which enters the high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 25. After passing through the pressure reducing valve 26, the pressure reaches the preset value and enters the nitrogen circulation buffer tank 15 through the nitrogen replenishment one-way valve 27.

[0088] Step 2: Preheat the rapid heating device and the nitrogen uniform heating device;

[0089] The electromagnetic heating of the rapid heating device 4 and the nitrogen uniform heating device 6 is started to preheat themselves, and the rapid heating device 4 and the nitrogen uniform heating device 6 are heated to the preheating temperature.

[0090] Step 3: Heat and circulate the nitrogen for vulcanization;

[0091] The nitrogen gas whose pressure reaches the preset value is circulated and heated, the circulation pump 1 is turned on, the first heating valve 2 is turned on, and the quick exhaust valve 21 is opened at the same time to exhaust the air in the capsule 31, then the quick exhaust valve 21 is closed, and the second heating valve 14 is opened. Under the action of the circulation pump 1, the high-pressure nitrogen gas flows from the nitrogen circulation buffer tank 15 through the filter into the circulation pump 1, and then passes through the nitrogen rapid heating device 4. The temperature of the nitrogen rises rapidly, and then immediately enters the nitrogen heating uniformization device 6. Under the turbulence and heating action of the hot plate of the nitrogen heating uniformization device 6, the humidity and temperature uniformity of the high-pressure nitrogen at the outlet of the nitrogen heating uniformization device 6 reach the working condition requirements, enters the ring seat cylinder head through the cylinder head air inlet 21' of the ring seat cylinder head, and then enters the capsule 31 through its injection inlet 11' for vulcanization, and then flows from the outlet of the capsule 31 through the cylinder head air outlet 22' of the ring seat cylinder head into the nitrogen circulation buffer tank 15, and then enters the next cycle until the vulcanization stage is completed.

[0092] Step 4: Cooling the capsule;

[0093] Close the first heating valve 2 and the second heating valve 14, open the first cooling valve 17 and the second cooling valve 18, and after the high-pressure and high-temperature nitrogen comes out of the capsule 31 under the action of the circulating pump 1, the temperature of the nitrogen is reduced by the cooling device. The circulating buffer tank 15 heats the nitrogen at a low temperature according to the working conditions. Under the action of the circulating pump 1, the nitrogen enters the ring seat cylinder head through the cylinder head air inlet 21' of the ring seat cylinder head, and then directly enters the capsule 31 through its injection inlet 11', gradually cooling the capsule 31.

[0094] Step 5: Recover nitrogen

[0095] After vulcanization is completed, the circulation pump 1 is turned off, the first cooling valve 17 and the second cooling valve 18 are closed, and the first recovery valve 28 and the second recovery valve 30 are opened. The high-pressure nitrogen in the capsule 31 enters the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23 under the action of the pressure difference. After the pressure is balanced, the second recovery valve 30 is closed, and the vacuum pump 29 is turned on to vacuum the capsule 31 and recover the remaining nitrogen into the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 23.

[0096] The set pressure of the pressure reducing valve 26 on the nitrogen replenishment pipeline 33 is the operating pressure of the capsule 31 during vulcanization. When the pressure in the circulation pipeline 33 is lower than the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve 26 , the nitrogen in the high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 25 is replenished into the circulation buffer tank 15 through the nitrogen replenishment one-way valve 27 .

[0097] This embodiment, through reasonable pipeline design, valve body control and temperature setting, can coordinate ideal pressure and temperature at each stage of tire vulcanization, which is conducive to ensuring vulcanization quality. The self-circulation of nitrogen makes it possible to rationally utilize energy, significantly reduce energy waste, and significantly improve efficiency.

[0098] The first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 63 and the second electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 45 used in the third embodiment have the same structure as the electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device 7 ′ in the second embodiment, and the rapid heating device 4 in the third embodiment can be replaced by the gas heater provided in the second embodiment.

Claims

1. A ring-seat cylinder head, comprising a cylinder head nozzle (1') and a cylinder head seat (2') connected to each other, wherein the cylinder head nozzle (1') is provided with an injection inlet (11'), a cylinder head nitrogen outlet (12'), an air inlet groove (14'), and an air outlet groove (15'). The injection inlet (11') is arranged on the side of the cylinder head spray head (1'), and the injection direction of the injection inlet (11') is tangent to a central circle and inclined obliquely downward; The cylinder head nitrogen outlet (12') is arranged on the top surface of the cylinder head spray head (1'), and the cylinder head nitrogen outlet (12') is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; The air inlet groove (14') is a circular arc groove, the center of which is on the central axis of the cylinder head spray head (1'), the plane where the notch of the circular arc groove is located is parallel to the top surface of the cylinder head spray head (1'), and the circular arc groove is connected to the injection inlet (11'); The gas outlet groove (15') is a circular groove, which is located inside the gas inlet groove (14') and communicates with the cylinder head nitrogen outlet (12'); The cylinder head seat (2') is provided with a vertical air intake straight-through groove (16) and an air outlet straight-through groove (17') inside, which are respectively connected to the air intake groove (14') and the air outlet groove (15'); the cylinder head seat (2') is provided with a cylinder head air intake port (21') and a cylinder head air outlet port (22') on the side, which are respectively connected to the air intake straight-through groove (16') and the air outlet straight-through groove (17').

2. The ring seat cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the injection inlet (11') is in the range of 1.8-4.0 mm, the downward inclination angle is in the range of 15°-30°, and the number of the injection inlet (11') is in the range of 8-24.

3. The ring seat cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the cylinder head nitrogen outlet (12') ranges from 4 to 7 mm, and the number of the cylinder head nitrogen outlets (12') ranges from 8 to 24.

4. The ring seat cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder head spray head (1') and the cylinder head seat (2') are connected with stainless steel bolts.

5. The ring seat cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder head seat (2') is designed with an external thread (13').

6. A gas heater, comprising a first cylinder (1") and an air inlet (4') and an air outlet (6') respectively located at two ends of the first cylinder (1"), wherein: A porous heating body (2") is arranged inside the first cylinder (1"), and the porous heating body (2") is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the first cylinder (1") through interference fit. A plurality of air flow channels (9') are arranged inside the porous heating body (2") and pass through the left and right sides of the porous heating body (2"), and guide cones (3') are respectively arranged at both ends of the porous heating body (2"); conical tubes (5') are welded at both ends of the first cylinder (1"), and the conical tube (5') is located outside the guide cone (3'); a flow channel is formed by a gap between the inner wall of the conical tube (5') and the outer wall of the guide cone (3'); the two ends of the conical tube (5') are respectively fixedly connected to flanges, and the opening in the middle of the flange is connected to the flow channel to form an air inlet (4') and an air outlet (6') respectively; the outer wall of the first cylinder (1") is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device (7').

7. The gas heater according to claim 6, wherein: The porous heating body (2") is a cylindrical metal column, the center axis of which is a solid structure, and a plurality of air flow channels (9') arranged around the solid structure are arranged outside the center axis of the column.

8. The gas heater according to claim 6, wherein: The porous heating body (2") is a cylindrical metal column, the center axis of which is a hollow structure, and a plurality of air flow channels (9') arranged around the hollow structure are arranged outside the center axis of the column.

9. The gas heater according to claim 7, wherein: The porous heating body (2") is composed of at least one section of cylindrical metal column; when the porous heating body (9') is composed of multiple sections of cylindrical metal columns, adjacent cylindrical metal columns are connected and fixed to form a whole through bolts and screw holes (10') arranged at the central axis position of the column.

10. The gas heater according to claim 8, wherein: The porous heating body (9') is composed of at least one section of cylindrical metal column; when the porous heating body (9') is composed of multiple sections of cylindrical metal columns, adjacent cylindrical metal columns are fixedly connected to form a whole by welding.

11. The gas heater according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein: The outer diameter of the porous heating body (9') ranges from 120 mm to 400 mm, the length ranges from 150 mm to 1000 mm, and the diameter of the air flow channel ranges from 2 mm to 8 mm.

12. The gas heater according to claim 6, wherein: The outer wall of the conical tube (5') is wrapped with a heat-insulating cover (8').

13. A full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system, comprising a circulation pipeline (7), wherein the circulation pipeline (7) is provided with a circulation pump (1), a gas heater (4) according to claims 6 to 12, a nitrogen heating uniformity device (6), a ring seat cylinder head according to claims 1 to 5, a capsule (31), a circulation buffer tank (15) and a filter (16) in sequence, wherein the capsule (31) is arranged on the ring seat cylinder head; The circulation buffer tank (15) on the circulation pipeline (7) is connected to a nitrogen replenishment pipeline (33), and the nitrogen replenishment pipeline (33) is provided with a nitrogen production system (22), a low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (23), a booster pump (24), a high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (25), a pressure reducing valve (26), and a nitrogen replenishment check valve (27) in sequence; A recovery pipeline (20) is provided between the capsule (31) on the circulation pipeline (7) and the low-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (23) of the nitrogen replenishment pipeline (33); a vacuum pump (29) and a first recovery valve (28) are provided on the recovery pipeline (20); and a second recovery valve (30) is connected in parallel at both ends of the vacuum pump (29); A cooling pipeline (32) is connected in parallel on the circulation pipeline (7) between the circulation pump (1") and the circulation buffer tank (15), and a first cooling valve (17), a second cooling valve (18) and a cooling device (19) are provided on the cooling pipeline (32).

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein: The inlet and outlet of the capsule (31) are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor (9), a third temperature sensor (10), a fourth temperature sensor (11), and a second pressure sensor (12); a second heating valve (14) is provided between the capsule (31) and the circulation buffer tank (15); and a temperature sensor is provided at the outlet of the circulation buffer tank (15).

15. The system of claim 13, wherein: A quick exhaust valve (21) is provided on the circulation pipeline (7) between the capsule (31) and the circulation buffer tank (15).

16. The system according to any one of claims 14 or 15, wherein: The circulation buffer tank (15) is wrapped with an electromagnetic heating device.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein: A first temperature sensor (3) and a second temperature sensor (5) are respectively provided at the inlet and outlet of the gas heater (4) on the circulation pipeline (7), a first heating valve (2) is provided at the inlet of the rapid heating device (4), and a circulation check valve (8) is provided at the outlet of the nitrogen uniform heating device (6).

18. The system according to any one of claims 13 or 17, wherein: The nitrogen uniform heating device (6) comprises a cylindrical second cylinder (610), a heating unit (62), a first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device (63), a control unit (65), a fixing device (67) configured to fix a plurality of the heating units in series, a signal receiving unit (64) connected to the control unit and used to receive signals from the heating units, a control panel (66) connected to the control unit, a sealing flange (68) with a stepped through groove, a gas inlet (69), a gas outlet (611), and a sealing terminal (61); the first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device (63) is coated on the outside of the second cylinder (610); One end of the nitrogen uniform heating device (6) is sealed by metal welding, and the other end is sealed by the sealing flange (68), and the sealing terminal (61) is welded in the stepped through groove on the sealing flange (68); The number of the heating units (62) is at least one set, which is fixed to the cross section of the second cylinder (610) along the axial direction by a fixing mechanism, and its edge is connected to the inner wall of the second cylinder (610). The heating unit (62) comprises a hot plate (621), an electromagnetic coil (622) and a wire drum (623), the wire drum (623) is provided with a spiral wire groove, and the electromagnetic coil (622) is fixed in the spiral wire groove; the hot plate (621) is placed on the electromagnetic coil (622); the hot plate (621) has a porous structure, and the electromagnetic coil (622) is connected to the control unit (65) through a sealing terminal (61) fixed on a sealing flange; the signal receiving unit (64) is connected to the heating unit (62) through a thermocouple.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein: The first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device (63) is composed of two semicircular rings, which are connected by hinges and buckles and are attached to the outer wall of the second cylinder (610). It includes an outer shell (633), an angle code (632), an electromagnetic heating coil (634) and high-temperature paper (631). Insulation cotton is filled between the outer shell (633) and the electromagnetic heating coil (634). The electromagnetic heating coil (634) is attached to the inner side of the insulation cotton by high-temperature glue. The high-temperature paper (631) is on the innermost side of the first electromagnetic heating and heat preservation device (63) and is fixed by the angle code (632) to wrap the electromagnetic heating coil (634).

20. A method for performing all-nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization using the system of claim 13, comprising: Fill nitrogen into the full nitrogen circulation heating vulcanization system; Preheating the gas heater and the nitrogen uniform heating device Heating and circulating the nitrogen for vulcanization; Cooling the capsule; The nitrogen gas is recovered.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The set pressure of the pressure reducing valve (26) is the working pressure of the capsule (31) during vulcanization. When the pressure in the circulation pipeline (7) is lower than the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve (26), the nitrogen in the high-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (25) is supplemented into the circulation buffer tank (15) through the nitrogen replenishment check valve (27).

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