Rapid growth and early fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a rapid growth and early fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit. The method comprises: selecting a site and building a greenhouse, i.e., selecting a planting area, and building a rain shelter greenhouse; determining planting points, i.e., on the basis of the plant row spacing requirement of 3 m×2.7 m, determining the planting points in the greenhouse, and setting 78 planting points per Chinese acre; performing root-limiting cultivation, i.e., providing a composite root limiter at each planting point, and filling each composite root limiter with formulated substrate soil so as to cultivate cocktail grapefruit seedlings; cultivating a near-trunk fruiting tree form, i.e., during the transplanting of each cocktail grapefruit seedling, pruning the trunk of the cocktail grapefruit seedling 30-40 cm above a graft union, and selecting and retaining robust branches year after year so as to form a multi-layer trunk structure; and performing precise fertilization, i.e., using annular drip-irrigation pipes of the composite root limiters to replenish water and apply a formulated fertilizer. By means of using a composite structure where the composite root limiter is combined with an annular drip-irrigation device, the present invention solves problems in the prior art, such as the low utilization rate of a fertilizer caused by conventional fertilizer application during the planting process of cocktail grapefruit seedlings, and the poor quality of cocktail grapefruits produced by initial-fruited trees.

Description

Method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of citrus cultivation, in particular to a fast-growing and early-fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit. Background Art

[0002] The cocktail grapefruit is a hybrid of the Siamese sweet pomelo and the frua mandarin orange, likely developed in the 1950s at the University of California, Riverside. This variety has a long economic lifespan and can be eaten fresh, canned, or made into juice drinks. The fruit is rich in vitamins and minerals, possessing special health benefits and can also be used as a fragrance. Its high-quality fruit is soft and juicy, with a sweet taste that hints at bitterness and a lingering aroma. This distinguishes it from the more sour flavor of ordinary grapefruit and the purely sweet flavors currently available in the mass market, making it a unique citrus variety well-suited for the high-end market. Cocktail grapefruit was first introduced to Zhejiang Province in the 1990s, and after trial cultivation in various regions, it has demonstrated considerable economic value.

[0003] As the promotion area continues to expand, some problems in cocktail grapefruit production have also been exposed. For example, the high investment in greenhouse cultivation of citrus fruits: 20,000 yuan per mu for a steel-frame greenhouse, 10 yuan per year-old seedling, and 5,000 yuan per mu for fertilizer and pesticides. The first-year investment per mu reaches approximately 26,000 yuan. High agricultural investment and long capital recovery cycles are detrimental to the transformation and high-quality development of modern agriculture.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for fast-growing and early-fruiting Cocktail grapefruit, increase the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, and improve the fruit quality of the first-fruiting trees, so as to at least solve the problems of low fertilizer utilization rate caused by conventional fertilizer spreading during the planting process of Cocktail grapefruit seedlings in the prior art and poor quality of the first-fruiting Cocktail grapefruit trees.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit, comprising:

[0007] Step S102: Select a site and build a shed: Select a planting area and build a rain shelter shed in the planting area;

[0008] Step S104 determines the planting location: selects a planting area and builds a rain shelter in the planting area;

[0009] Step S106: Root-limiting cultivation: a composite root limiter is set at each planting site, and formula matrix soil is spread in each composite root limiter to cultivate cocktail grapefruit seedlings;

[0010] Step S108: Cultivating a fruiting tree near the main trunk: When planting, the cocktail grapefruit seedlings are fixed 30-40 cm above the grafting point. In the second year, three to four strong branches with suitable angles are selected at 40 cm from the main trunk as the first layer of main branches. One upward extending branch is selected as the main trunk. Three branches are selected 60 cm from the first layer of branches as the second layer of main branches. The second layer of main branches are staggered with the first layer of main branches, and all buds between the two layers are removed. Three branches are selected 60 cm above the second layer of main branches to cultivate the third layer of main branches. Generally, the tree reaches about four layers, and the crown height is controlled at about 2.5 meters.

[0011] Step S110 is precise fertilization: the annular drip irrigation pipe of the composite root limiter is used to replenish water to the cocktail grapefruit seedlings, and formula fertilizer is applied in each season.

[0012] In specific implementation, step S106 of root-limited cultivation includes:

[0013] Step S1061: small stones with a diameter of 10 mm are laid in the composite root limiter to form a bottom layer;

[0014] Step S1062: laying the formulated matrix soil in the composite root restrictor to form a middle layer;

[0015] Step S1063: watering the middle layer of the formulated matrix soil to allow the formulated matrix soil to settle;

[0016] Step S106: After 2 to 3 days, plant healthy cocktail grapefruit seedlings in the composite root restrictor and compact and cover them with formulated matrix soil;

[0017] Among them, the height of the contents in the bottom and middle layers is two-thirds of the height of the composite root limiter; after planting and covering with formula matrix soil, the height is four-fifths of the height of the root device.

[0018] In specific implementation, step S110 of precise fertilization includes: applying organic fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and boron fertilizer to the formulated matrix soil.

[0019] In specific implementation, step S110 of precise fertilization also includes: spraying boron fertilizer on the leaves before flowering and after flowers fall.

[0020] In specific implementation, step S110 of precise fertilization also includes: spraying nitrogen fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, and magnesium fertilizer on the leaves during the new leaf period in spring and summer.

[0021] During specific implementation, each composite root limiter includes: a root limiter and a ring drip irrigation pipe; the height and diameter of the root limiter are 0.5m*1.2m, and the root limiter is used to control the growth and development of the root system of the seedlings; the ring drip irrigation pipe is arranged on the root limiter, and the diameter of the ring drip irrigation pipe is 60cm, and the ring drip irrigation pipe is used to fertilize and water the cocktail grapefruit seedlings.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention provides a fast-growing and early-fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit, comprising: step S102 of selecting a site and building a shed: selecting a planting area and building a rain shelter shed in the planting area; step S104 of determining planting sites: determining planting sites in the rain shelter shed according to a planting row spacing requirement of 3m×2.7m, with 78 planting sites per mu; step S106 of limiting root cultivation: setting a composite root limiter at each planting site, and filling each composite root limiter with formulated substrate soil to cultivate cocktail grapefruit seedlings; step S108 of cultivating fruiting trees near the main trunk: when planting, the cocktail grapefruit seedlings are fixed 30-40 cm above the grafting point, and in the second year, an angle is selected at 40 cm from the main trunk. Three to four strong and suitable branches are used as the first layer of main branches; an upward extending branch is selected as the main trunk, and three branches are selected 60 cm away from the first layer of branches as the second layer of main branches. The second layer of main branches are staggered with the first layer of main branches, and all buds between the two layers are removed; three branches are selected 60 cm above the second layer of main branches to cultivate the third layer of main branches; generally, about four layers are reached, and the crown height is controlled at about 2.5 meters; step S110 precise fertilization: the annular drip irrigation pipe of the composite root limiter is used to replenish water to the cocktail grapefruit seedlings, and formula fertilizer is applied in each season; wherein, the height*diameter of the composite root limiter is 0.5m*1.2m, and the diameter of the annular drip irrigation pipe is 60cm. Under rain-sheltered cultivation conditions, the present invention scientifically uses formulated fertilizers and employs a composite structure combining a composite root limiter and an annular dripper, thereby saving labor and material costs, and improving the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization by the grapefruit root system, thereby contributing to the rapid growth of newly planted seedlings, the formation of tree crowns, and the maintenance and adjustment of tree vigor and the improvement of the quality of initially produced fruits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] FIG2 is a diagram of a fruit-bearing tree of a cocktail grapefruit near the main trunk cultivated in step S108 of a fast-growing and early-fruiting method of the cocktail grapefruit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG3 is a flow chart of step S106 of a method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite root limiter for a fast-growing and early-fruiting system of cocktail grapefruit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0029] 10. Composite root limiter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0031] A method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG1 and FIG2 , comprises:

[0032] Step S102: Select a site and build a shed: Select a planting area and build a rain shelter in the planting area to reduce the impact of weather on seedling cultivation;

[0033] Step S104: Determine the planting locations: Determine the planting locations in the rain shelter greenhouse according to the planting row spacing requirement of 3m×2.7m. Set 78 planting locations per mu, which is 12 more than the conventional planting of 66 trees per mu, thereby improving land utilization.

[0034] Step S106: Root-limiting cultivation: A composite root limiter 10 is set at each planting site, and a formula substrate soil is spread in each composite root limiter 10 to cultivate cocktail grapefruit seedlings. The formula substrate soil is breathable and nutrient-rich, allowing the seedlings to grow robustly. They are fully formed in one year and can bear a small amount of fruit in the second year, with a yield of 400 kilograms per mu. In the third year, the average yield per plant can reach more than 30 kilograms, and the yield per mu can reach 2,400 kilograms. For citrus bases with a good customer base, the economic benefits in the third year are equal to the total investment in the previous three years, and may even be profitable.

[0035] Step S108: Cultivating a fruiting tree shape close to the main trunk: When planting, the cocktail grapefruit seedlings are fixed 30-40 cm above the grafting point. In the second year, 3 to 4 branches with suitable angles and strong growth are selected at 40 cm from the main trunk as the first layer of main branches; one upward extending branch is selected as the main trunk, and 3 branches are selected 60 cm from the first layer of branches as the second layer of main branches. The second layer of main branches are staggered with the first layer of main branches, and all buds between the two layers are removed; 3 branches are selected 60 cm above the second layer of main branches to cultivate the third layer of main branches; generally, about 4 layers are reached, and the crown height is controlled at about 2.5 meters; cultivating a fruiting tree shape close to the main trunk can reduce the proportion of fruit bearing on thin and soft branches, and the main trunk has stronger support, which is suitable for fruit bearing of medium and large fruits, and reduces the workload of hanging branches in the later stage;

[0036] Step S110: Precision fertilization: The annular drip irrigation tube of the composite root limiter 10 is used to replenish water to the cocktail grapefruit seedlings, and a low-concentration formula fertilizer is applied in each season. The composite root limiter 10 uses fertilizer precisely, with high utilization rate and low waste, saving about 25% of fertilizer compared to conventional broadcast fertilization. The composite root limiter 10 also elevates the planting position, unaffected by the groundwater level, making it particularly suitable for planting in low-lying terrain or land-scarce areas. Furthermore, by mid-November of the third year, the soluble solids content of the fruit increased by 0.7° Brix compared to conventional planting, significantly improving quality.

[0037] In specific implementation, as shown in FIG3 , step S106 of root-limited cultivation includes:

[0038] Step S1061: small stones with a diameter of 10 mm are laid in the composite root limiter 10 to form a bottom layer;

[0039] Step S1062: laying the formulated matrix soil in the composite root restrictor 10 to form a middle layer;

[0040] Step S1063: watering the middle layer of the formulated matrix soil to allow the formulated matrix soil to settle;

[0041] Step S106: After 2 to 3 days, plant healthy and strong cocktail grapefruit seedlings in the composite root restrictor 10 and compact and cover them with the formulated matrix soil;

[0042] Among them, the height of the contents in the bottom layer and the middle layer is two-thirds of the height of the composite root limiter 10; after planting and covering with the formula matrix soil, the height is four-fifths of the height of the root device.

[0043] In specific implementation, step S110 of precision fertilization includes applying organic fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and boron fertilizer to the formulated substrate soil. Calcium can protect flowers and fruits, increase fruit set, expand and color fruits, prevent fruit shrinkage and cracking, make the fruit surface shiny, improve quality and yield, and increase fruit firmness. Magnesium is one of the main components of chlorophyll in plants and is related to plant photosynthesis. Magnesium is also an activator of ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, which can promote the plant's assimilation of carbon dioxide. Phosphorus is involved in the formation of biomembranes and metabolic processes such as the synthesis, decomposition, and transportation of carbohydrates, nitrogenous substances, and fats. Phosphorus is contained in phospholipids, enzymes, and phytochemicals in crops. Boron can promote root growth and plays an important role in the synthesis and transportation of carbohydrates, a product of photosynthesis, and has a special effect on the normal fertilization process.

[0044] In practice, step S110 of precision fertilization also includes spraying boron fertilizer on the leaves before flowering and after flower drop. Foliar spraying of boron fertilizer utilizes boron 8.18 times more efficiently than basal application, effectively increasing the fruit set rate of early-bearing trees.

[0045] In specific implementation, step S110 precision fertilization also includes: spraying nitrogen fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, and magnesium fertilizer on the leaves during the new leaf period in spring and summer to reduce the contradiction between shoots and fruits, promote fruit development and maintain tree vigor, and improve the yield and quality of cocktail grapefruit. In mid-November of the third year, the soluble solids of the fruit increased by 0.7°Brix compared with conventional planting.

[0046] In specific implementation, as shown in FIG4 , each composite root restrictor 10 comprises a root restrictor and an annular drip irrigation pipe; the root restrictor has a height and diameter of 0.5 m by 1.2 m, and is used to control the root growth and development of the seedlings; the annular drip irrigation pipe is mounted on the root restrictor, and has a diameter of 60 cm, and is used to fertilize and water the cocktail grapefruit seedlings. This embodiment, through rain-shelter root restriction cultivation combined with the application of annular drip irrigation and precision fertilization, can promote the rapid formation of the cocktail grapefruit crown, with the crown diameter reaching at least 1 m by 1 m in the second year and at least 2 m by 2.5 m in the third year. The present invention integrates a rain-shelter greenhouse, root restrictor cultivation technology, an annular drip irrigation system, and precision fertilization technology, enabling two-year-old cocktail grapefruits to produce a small amount of fruit in the second year and a large amount in the third year, with a yield of up to 3,000 kilograms per mu. Citrus bases with a good customer base can achieve economic benefits in the third year that are equal to the total investment in the first three years, or even be profitable.

[0047] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fast-growing and early-fruiting cocktail grapefruit, characterized in that: include: Select a site and build a shed: Select a planting area and build a rain shelter shed in the planting area; Determine the planting site: Determine the planting site in the rain shelter greenhouse according to the planting row spacing requirement of 3m×2.7m; Root-limited cultivation: a composite root limiter (10) is set at each planting site, and a formula matrix soil is spread in each composite root limiter (10) to cultivate cocktail grapefruit seedlings; Cultivation of fruiting tree shape near the main trunk: When planting the cocktail grapefruit seedlings, the stem should be fixed 30-40cm above the grafting point. Strong branches should be selected year by year to form a multi-layer main branch structure. The final crown should be about 4 layers, with a height of about 2.5m. The buds between the layers should be removed. Precision fertilization: The annular drip irrigation pipe of the composite root limiter (10) is used to replenish water to the cocktail grapefruit seedlings, and formula fertilizer is applied in each season.

2. The fast-growing and early-fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root-limited cultivation comprises: Small stones with a diameter of 10 mm are laid in the composite root limiter (10) to form a bottom layer; Spreading a formulated matrix soil in the composite root restrictor (10) to form a middle layer; Water the middle layer of the matrix soil thoroughly to allow the matrix soil to settle; After 2 to 3 days, the healthy and strong cocktail grapefruit seedlings are planted in the composite root restrictor (10) and compacted and covered with the formulated matrix soil; The height of the contents in the bottom layer and the middle layer is two-thirds of the height of the composite root limiter (10); and after being planted and covered with the formulated matrix soil, the height is four-fifths of the height of the root limiter.

3. The fast-growing and early-fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision fertilization includes: Apply organic fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and boron fertilizer to the formulated substrate soil.

4. The fast-growing and early-fruiting method for cocktail grapefruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision fertilization also includes: Fertilization time: Spray boron fertilizer on the leaves before flowering and after flowers fall.

5. The method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision fertilization also includes: In spring and summer, when new leaves are growing, spray nitrogen fertilizer, calcium fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer on the leaves.

6. The method for rapid growth and early fruiting of cocktail grapefruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each composite root limiter (10) comprises: Root limiter, the height and diameter of the root limiter are 0.5m*1.2m, and the root limiter is used to control the growth and development of the seedling root system; The annular drip irrigation pipe is arranged on the root limiter, has a diameter of 60 cm, and is used for fertilizing and watering the cocktail grapefruit seedlings.

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