Numerical-control intelligent air-suction seed metering device

Abstract

A numerical-control intelligent air-suction seed metering device, comprising a front shell 1, a rear shell 2, a seed metering disc 3, a built-in fan, a direct drive motor, and an individual seed metering unit intelligent controller 180, wherein a seed inlet 11, a seed outlet 12, and air inlets 13 are formed in the front shell, and the built-in fan is provided on the rear shell; seed suctioning holes 31 are formed in the seed metering disc, a seed filling chamber 7 is formed between the seed metering disc and the front shell, and a negative pressure chamber 8 is formed between the seed metering disc and the built-in fan; the seed metering disc is connected to a drive idler wheel 6; the direct drive motor comprises a stator core 5 and a plurality of magnetic steels 61, the stator core is fixed on the outer wall surface of a fixed drum, and the plurality of magnetic steels are fixed onto the drive idler wheel. In the technical solution, a built-in motor is used to directly drive the seed metering device, so that the seed metering device operates more stably and precisely; the speed of the built-in fan can be adjusted in real time by means of the individual seed metering unit intelligent controller on the basis of seeding requirements and crop types, so as to achieve a negative pressure suction force most suitable for the seed metering device, implement adjustment of the precision seeding rate of an individual seed metering device, and achieve the purpose of improving seeding precision.

Description

A CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air suction seed metering technology, and in particular to a numerically controlled intelligent air suction seed metering device. Background Technology

[0002] Sowing is a crucial step in agriculture, and the quality of sowing directly impacts the germination rate. With advancements in modern technology, the technical level of seeders has also improved. Precision seeders, in particular, offer advantages such as saving on seed quality, eliminating the need for thinning, ensuring even plant distribution in the field, achieving optimal planting density, and promoting healthy seedling growth. Furthermore, precision sowing saves time and labor, and increases yield. Therefore, precision sowing has become a major trend.

[0003] The main factor affecting the sowing quality of a precision seeder depends on the performance of the seed metering device. It can be said that the seed metering device is the heart of the entire seeder. Traditional seed metering devices are broadly classified into mechanical and pneumatic types. Mechanical devices include eye-wheel type, vertical disc type, horizontal disc type, inclined disc type, and finger clamp type, etc.; while pneumatic seed metering devices mainly include air suction type, air blowing type, and air pressure type. Currently, air suction seed metering devices have significant development prospects in China due to their advantages such as low seed damage rate, stable seed dispensing, better adaptability to seed shape and specific gravity, and suitability for sowing various crop types.

[0004] A pneumatic seed metering device consists of a negative pressure chamber and a seed filling chamber. In traditional seeders, the negative pressure chambers of pneumatic seed metering devices are all connected to the same main pipe via branch pipes, and the main pipe is connected to a blower. The blower is usually driven by the seeder's power equipment, such as a diesel engine. This structure leads to three problems: First, the seeder has a complex piping system, occupying a large volume; second, the negative pressure suction of the seed metering device is difficult to adjust, as the engine speed differs between the start-up and normal driving phases, resulting in different negative pressure suction; third, it cannot adjust the negative pressure suction in real time to suit different crop seed sizes, ultimately making it difficult to control the precision seeding rate.

[0005] Therefore, it is essential to develop a simple air-suction seed metering device with easy-to-control precision seeding rate.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a numerically controlled intelligent air suction seed metering device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It adopts a built-in motor direct-drive seed metering device, which reduces the power loss of traditional ground wheel transmission, making the seed metering device run more smoothly and accurately. Not only is the structure simpler, but the built-in fan can also be adjusted in real time according to the sowing requirements and crop type through the intelligent controller of the seed metering unit to achieve the most suitable negative pressure suction of the seed metering device, realize the adjustment of the precision sowing rate of a single seed metering device, and achieve the purpose of improving sowing accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device, including a front housing, a rear housing, a seed metering disc, a built-in fan, a direct drive motor, and a seed metering unit intelligent controller. The front housing is provided with a seed inlet, a seed metering inlet, and an air inlet. A fixed cylinder with openings at both ends is coaxially arranged inside the rear housing. The built-in fan is arranged inside the fixed cylinder, wherein the inner port of the fixed cylinder is the fan air inlet, and the outer port is the fan air outlet. Seed suction ports are arranged along a circular trajectory on the seed metering disc. The area between the seed metering disc and the front housing forms a seed filling chamber. The area between the seeding disc and the built-in fan forms a negative pressure chamber; the end of the seeding disc is connected to a transmission wheel, and the transmission wheel is connected to the fixed cylinder through a bearing; the direct drive motor includes a stator core and several magnets, the stator core is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and a winding is wound on the stator core; the several magnets are fixed to the inner wall of the transmission wheel, opposite to the stator core, and the polarities of the several magnets are alternately arranged; the seeding unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the built-in fan and the direct drive motor, and can adjust the speed of the built-in fan and the direct drive motor.

[0009] Preferably, the outer circumferential wall of the end of the transmission wheel is provided with an L-shaped groove, one side of the L-shape is arranged along the axial direction of the transmission wheel and the end of this side is connected to the end face of the transmission wheel, and the other side of the L-shape is arranged along the circumferential direction of the transmission wheel; the inner circumferential wall of the end of the seed metering disc is provided with a protrusion that can be inserted into the groove along its radial direction.

[0010] Preferably, a closed-air grinding block is also fixed in the negative pressure chamber. The end face of the closed-air grinding block is in contact with the inner wall of the seed metering tray and is located on the distribution trajectory of the seed suction port. The closed-air grinding block is located directly above the seed metering port.

[0011] Preferably, a partition is fixed on the inner surface of the end of the front housing, and a seed dispensing channel is formed between the partition and the side wall of the front housing, with the seed dispensing port located at the bottom of the seed dispensing channel; the air-sealed grinding block is located at the top of the seed dispensing channel.

[0012] Preferably, the built-in fan includes a centrifugal impeller, a fan drive motor that is driven by the centrifugal impeller, and a negative pressure sensor.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing plate is provided on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder, and the fixing plate is disposed between the centrifugal impeller and the seed metering disc; the fan inlet is provided in the middle of the fixing plate.

[0014] Preferably, a cover plate is detachably provided at the exhaust port of the fan, and the cover plate has an air leakage hole; the fan drive motor is fixed at the center of the inner side of the cover plate.

[0015] Preferably, the CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device further includes a seed scraper and a sway motor. The seed scraper includes a connecting plate, which is hinged to the front housing by a hinge bolt. A front blade and a rear blade are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the hinge bolt. Both the front blade and the rear blade have gaps with the surface of the seed metering disc. In its natural state, along the circular distribution trajectory of the seed suction port, the front blade is located outside the circular trajectory, and the rear blade is located inside the circular trajectory. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the front blade is located in front of the rear blade. The front edge of the front blade gradually slopes downward and transitions with the lower edge of the front blade in an arc. The front edge of the rear blade gradually slopes upward and transitions with the upper edge of the rear blade in an arc. The sway motor is fixed to the outer end face of the front housing. The output shaft of the sway motor extends into the interior of the front housing and fixes an eccentric wheel, which is located in a strip-shaped hole at the end of the connecting plate.

[0016] Preferably, the device further includes a precision seeding counting sensor and a seed metering disc suction port counting sensor fixed on the front housing. The precision seeding counting sensor is used to detect the number of suction ports that have not sucked in seeds. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the precision seeding counting sensor is located behind the seed scraper. The seed metering disc suction port counting sensor is located behind the air-sealed grinding block and is used to monitor the seeding speed and provide reference parameters for the precision seeding counting sensor and the seed metering unit intelligent controller. The seed metering unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the precision seeding counting sensor, the seed metering disc suction port counting sensor, and the yaw motor. The seed metering unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the seeder main controller via RS485.

[0017] Preferably, an isolation cover is fixed to the inner side of the cover plate, and the seeding unit intelligent controller is located inside the isolation cover.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0019] 1. This invention equips each seed metering device with a built-in fan, which directly generates negative pressure, replacing the existing structure of a seeder that uses one air compressor to support multiple seed metering devices. This not only reduces the power loss of the traditional seeder traction equipment, but also eliminates the traditional air compressor and the pipeline structure connecting the air compressor, making the structure simpler.

[0020] 2. This invention can adjust the speed of the built-in fan in real time according to the sowing requirements and crop type through the intelligent controller of the seed metering unit, so as to achieve the most suitable negative pressure suction of the seed metering device, realize the adjustment of the precision sowing rate of a single seed metering device, and achieve the purpose of improving sowing accuracy.

[0021] 3. In this invention, a direct drive motor is installed on the outside of the fixed cylinder to directly drive the seed metering disc to rotate, making the seed meterer run more smoothly. There is no need to set up a transmission mechanism such as a reducer. The inside of the fixed cylinder has a built-in fan and exhaust channel, which makes the structure of the seed meterer very compact, which helps to reduce the size of the seed meterer and makes it easier to install and transport.

[0022] Other technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air-suction seed metering device in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a rear view of the air-suction seed metering device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the air-suction seed metering device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is an exploded structural diagram of the air-suction seed metering device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air-suction seed metering device;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the seed metering disc, transmission wheel, and bearing;

[0030] Figure 7 is a side sectional view of Figure 6;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the front housing structure;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the rear shell structure;

[0033] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the seed metering disc;

[0034] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the built-in fan;

[0035] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the transmission intermediate wheel;

[0036] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the oscillating motor and the seed scraper;

[0037] Figure 14 is an exploded view of the structure in Figure 13;

[0038] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the precision seeding counting sensor;

[0039] The components are as follows: 1. Front shell; 11. Seed inlet; 12. Seed discharge outlet; 13. Air inlet; 14. Partition plate; 15. Seed discharge channel; 2. Rear shell; 21. Fixed cylinder; 22. Fan exhaust outlet; 23. Arc-shaped groove; 24. Fixed plate; 25. Second protruding end; 26. Fan air inlet; 3. Seed discharge tray; 31. Seed suction port; 32. Circular plate; 33. Cylindrical cylinder; 34. Protruding column; 4. Centrifugal impeller; 41. Front end plate; 42. Rear end plate; 43. Arc-shaped blade; 44. First protruding end; 5. Stator core; 51. Arc-shaped protrusion; 6. Transmission wheel; 61. Magnet; 62. Inner ring; 63. Outer ring; 64. Slot; 65. Ball roller; 7. Seed filling chamber; 8. Negative pressure chamber; 9. Fan drive motor; 10. Cover plate; 101. Air vent; 110. Seed filling hopper; 120. Seed scraper; 121. Front blade; 122. Rear blade; 123. Connecting plate; 124. Hinge bolt; 125. Strip hole; 130. Air-sealing grinding block; 140. Oscillating motor; 141. Tooth; 142. Eccentric wheel; 143. Fixing plate; 144. Fastening bolt; 145. Output shaft; 146. Internal threaded hole; 150. Precision seed counting sensor; 160. Seed metering disc suction port counting sensor; 170. Isolation cover; 180. Seed metering unit intelligent controller. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of this invention is to provide a numerically controlled intelligent air suction seed metering device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It adopts a built-in motor direct-drive seed metering device, which reduces the power loss of traditional ground wheel transmission, making the seed metering device run more smoothly and accurately. Not only is the structure simpler, but the built-in fan can also be adjusted in real time according to the sowing requirements and crop type through the intelligent controller of the seed metering unit to achieve the most suitable negative pressure suction of the seed metering device, realize the adjustment of the precision sowing rate of a single seed metering device, and achieve the purpose of improving sowing accuracy.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1-15, this embodiment provides a CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device, including a front housing 1, a rear housing 2, a seed metering disc 3, a built-in fan, a direct drive motor, and a seed metering unit intelligent controller 180. The front housing 1 and rear housing 2 are shaped to fit together and are detachably connected by bolts after being fastened together. The front housing 1 is provided with a seed inlet 11, a seed metering inlet 12, and an air inlet 13. A fixed cylinder 21 with openings at both ends is coaxially arranged on the end face of the rear housing 2. The fixed cylinder 21 houses the built-in fan; the inner port (the side closest to the front housing 1) of the fixed cylinder 21 is the fan inlet 26, and the outer port is the fan exhaust port 22. The area between the seed metering disc 3 and the front housing 1 forms a seed filling chamber 7, and the area between the seed metering disc 3 and the built-in fan forms a negative pressure chamber 8. Furthermore, the speed of the built-in fan in this embodiment is adjustable, allowing adjustment of the speed according to different seed sizes to provide corresponding negative pressure suction. A gap exists between the circumferential sidewall of the seed metering disc 3 and the circumferential inner wall of the front housing 1. The size of this gap is smaller than the size of the seeds to be sown, thus preventing seeds from getting stuck. A transmission wheel 6 is connected to the end of the seed metering disc 3, and the transmission wheel 6 is connected to the fixed cylinder 21 via a bearing. The direct-drive motor includes a stator core 5 and several magnets 61. The stator core 5 is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 21, and windings are wound on the stator core 5. The magnets 61 are fixed to the inner wall of the transmission wheel 6, opposite to the stator core 5, and their polarities are alternately arranged. The seed metering unit intelligent controller 180 is electrically connected to the built-in fan and the direct-drive motor, and can adjust the speed of both the built-in fan and the direct-drive motor.

[0044] In use, seeds are filled into the seed filling chamber 7 through the seed inlet 11. The stator core 5 is energized to generate a changing magnetic field, driving the magnet 61 to rotate the drive wheel 6. The seed dispensing disc 3 rotates synchronously with the drive wheel 6. An internal fan is energized to exhaust air, creating a negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 8, which adsorbs the seeds in the seed filling chamber 7 onto the seed suction port 31. As the seed dispensing disc 3 rotates, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction port 31 fall from above the seed dispensing port 12, completing the sowing process.

[0045] First, this embodiment equips each seed metering device with a built-in fan, directly generating negative pressure. This replaces the existing structure where a single air compressor supports multiple seed metering devices in a seeder. This not only reduces the power loss of the traditional seeder's traction equipment but also eliminates the traditional air compressor and connecting pipelines, simplifying the structure. Second, this embodiment allows for real-time speed adjustment of the built-in fan via the seed metering unit intelligent controller 180, based on sowing requirements and crop type, to achieve the optimal negative pressure suction for the seed metering device. This adjusts the precision sowing rate of a single seed metering device, improving sowing accuracy. Furthermore, this embodiment features a direct-drive motor on the outside of the fixed cylinder 21, directly driving the seed metering disc 3. This results in smoother operation of the seed metering device, eliminating the need for a reducer or other transmission mechanisms. The inside of the fixed cylinder 21 houses the built-in fan and exhaust channel, making the seed metering device very compact, reducing its size, and facilitating installation and transportation.

[0046] As shown in Figures 10 and 12, in this embodiment, the outer circumferential wall of the end of the transmission wheel 6 is provided with an L-shaped groove 64. One side of the L-shape is arranged along the axial direction of the transmission wheel 6, and the end of this side is connected to the end face of the transmission wheel 6. The other side of the L-shape is arranged along the circumferential direction of the transmission wheel 6, and the circumferential extension direction of this side is opposite to the rotation direction of the transmission wheel 6. The seed metering disc 3 includes a cylindrical tube 33 and a circular plate 32 connected to one end of the cylindrical tube 33. The circular plate 32 is provided with a seed suction port 31, and the inner circumferential wall of the other end is provided with a protrusion 34 that can be inserted into the groove 64 along its radial direction. The diameter of the protrusion 34 is the same as the width of the groove 64. When the seed metering disc 3 is connected to the transmission wheel 6, the protrusion 34 is aligned with the slot 64, and the seed metering disc 3 is fastened to the outer circumferential wall of the transmission wheel 6. When the seed metering disc 3 is pushed to the corner of the L-shaped slot 64, the seed metering disc 3 is rotated along the other side of the slot 64 until the protrusion 34 abuts against the end of the slot 64.

[0047] As shown in Figure 9, in this embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 23 are evenly spaced along the circumference on the outer wall surface of the fixing cylinder 21, and a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions 51 are provided on the inner circumferential wall surface of the stator core 5. When installing the stator core 5, the arc-shaped protrusions 51 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are aligned one-to-one, pushing the stator core 5 to the bottom of the fixing cylinder 21.

[0048] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, in this embodiment, the bearing consists of a ball roller 65, an inner ring 62, and an outer ring 63. The inner ring 62 is fitted onto the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 21 and is interference-fitted with the fixed cylinder 21; the outer ring 63 is fixed to the inner wall of the transmission intermediate wheel 6.

[0049] In order to make the seeds on the seed suction port 31 fall off, in this embodiment, a closed-air grinding block 130 is also fixed in the negative pressure chamber 8. The closed-air grinding block 130 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the seed metering tray 3 and is located on the distribution trajectory of the seed suction port 31. Although the closed-air grinding block 130 and the seed metering port 12 are distributed on both sides of the seed metering tray 3, from the perspective of looking directly at the seed metering tray 3, the closed-air grinding block 130 is located directly above the seed metering port 12. That is, when the seed suction port 31 rotates to be directly above the seed metering port 12, the seed suction port 31 is blocked by the closed-air grinding block 130, the adsorption force on the seeds on the seed suction port 31 disappears, and the seeds fall off from the seed metering port 12 under the action of gravity.

[0050] As shown in Figure 8, in this embodiment, a partition 14 is fixed on the inner surface of the end of the front housing 1. There is a gap between the partition 14 and the seed metering disc 3, but this gap is not larger than the seed particle size, so that the seeds will not pass through the gap. A seed metering channel 15 is formed between the partition 14 and the side wall of the rear housing 2, and the seed metering port 12 is located at the bottom of the seed metering channel 15; the air-sealing grinding block 130 is located at the top of the seed metering channel 15. When the seed suction port 31 rotates to be directly above the seed metering port 12, the seed suction port 31 is blocked by the air-sealing grinding block 130, and the seeds lose their adsorption force and fall into the seed metering channel 15 under the action of gravity. Even if there are other seed suction ports 31 that are not blocked by the air-sealing grinding block 130 to re-adsorb the falling seeds, the seeds will eventually fall from the seed metering port 12 due to the obstruction of the partition 14.

[0051] As shown in Figure 11, the built-in fan in this embodiment includes a centrifugal impeller 4, a fan drive motor 9, and a negative pressure sensor. The negative pressure sensor is electrically connected to the seed metering unit intelligent controller 180 and is used to provide feedback on the negative pressure value in the negative pressure chamber 8. The centrifugal impeller 4 includes a front end plate 41, a rear end plate 42, and several arc-shaped blades 43 connected between the two. The front end plate 41 has a first protruding end 44 in the middle, which has an opening for air intake. The rear end plate 42 is connected to the fan drive motor 9.

[0052] As shown in Figure 9, a fixing plate 24 is provided at the inner port of the fixing cylinder 21, and the fixing plate 24 is positioned between the built-in fan and the seed metering tray 3. The fixing plate 24 has a second protruding end 25 protruding forward from the center towards the negative pressure chamber 8. The shape of the second protruding end 25 is adapted to the first protruding end 44. The second protruding end 25 has a fan inlet 26, which is directly opposite to the end opening of the first protruding end 44. By setting the fixing plate 24 inside the fixing cylinder 21, the volume of the negative pressure chamber 8 can be reduced, the negative pressure effect generated by the built-in fan in the negative pressure chamber 8 can be improved, and the adsorption force on the seeds can be enhanced.

[0053] The fixed plate 24 is also provided with a mounting base for installing the air-closed grinding block 130.

[0054] In this embodiment, a cover plate 10 is detachably provided at the fan exhaust port 22, and an air leakage hole 101 is provided on the cover plate 10; the fan drive motor 9 is fixed at the center position inside the cover plate 10.

[0055] In order to facilitate filling the seed filling chamber 7 with seeds, in this embodiment, the top of the seed inlet 11 is connected to the seed filling hopper 110.

[0056] As shown in Figures 5, 8, 13, and 14, in this embodiment, a seed scraper 120 is hinged to the inner end face of the front housing 1 via a hinge bolt 124. Specifically, the seed scraper 120 includes a connecting plate 123, the middle of which is hinged to the front housing 1 via the hinge bolt 124. A front blade 121 and a rear blade 122 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the connecting plate 123 and the hinge bolt 124. Both the front blade 121 and the rear blade 122 have a certain gap with the surface of the seed metering disc 3. This gap is very small, so that the front blade 121 and the rear blade 122 can scrape off some seeds located inside the seed suction port 31 and some seeds located outside the seed suction port 31 without contacting or rubbing against the surface of the seed metering disc 3, causing them to fall off. In the natural state, along the circular distribution trajectory of the seed suction port 31, the front blade 121 is located outside the circular trajectory, and the rear blade 122 is located inside the circular trajectory. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc 3, the front blade 121 is located in front of the rear blade 122. The front edge of the front blade 121 gradually slopes downward and transitions with the lower edge of the front blade 121 in an arc. The front edge of the rear blade 122 gradually slopes upward and transitions with the upper edge of the rear blade 122 in an arc. An eccentric motor 140 is mounted on the top of the inner end face of the front housing 1. The output shaft 145 of the eccentric motor 140 extends into the front housing 1 and fixes an eccentric wheel 142. The eccentric wheel 142 is located in a slotted hole 125 at the end of the connecting plate 123. The width of the slotted hole 125 is equal to the diameter of the eccentric wheel 142. The output shaft 145 is connected to the eccentric wheel 142 via teeth 141. Specifically, teeth 141 are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the output shaft 145 of the eccentric motor 140, and an axial internal threaded hole 146 is provided in the middle. A fastening bolt 144 passes through a fixing plate 143 and is screwed into the internal threaded hole 146, and the fixing plate 143 is used to press the eccentric wheel 142. In use, the rotation of the oscillating motor 140 causes the eccentric wheel 142 to swing the seed scraper 120, thereby adjusting the area of ​​the front blade 121 and the rear blade 122 covering the seed suction port 31 and changing the airflow at the seed suction port 31. Simultaneously, the inclined structure at the ends of the front blade 121 and the thick blade guides the seed position. This pushes some seeds adsorbed by the seed suction port 31 towards its center, ensuring the area of ​​adsorption force on the seeds is maximized. It also allows for precise sowing by pushing excess seeds to the side of the seed suction port 31 when multiple seeds are adsorbed, as the front blade 121 or the rear blade 122 guides the seeds, causing them to lose their adsorption force and fall.

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 and 15, in order to achieve intelligent control of the seed metering device, a precision seed counting sensor 150 and a seed metering disc suction port counting sensor 160 are also installed on the front housing 1 by screws. The precision seed counting sensor 150 is used to detect the number of suction ports 31 that have not sucked in seeds. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc 3, the precision seed counting sensor 150 is located behind the seed scraper 120. The seed metering disc suction port counting sensor 160 is located behind the closed air grinding block 130. The seed metering disc suction port counting sensor 160 is used to monitor the sowing speed and provide reference parameters for the precision seed counting sensor 150 and the seed metering unit intelligent controller 180. The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device also includes a seed metering unit intelligent controller 180. The seed metering unit intelligent controller 180 is electrically connected to the precision seed counting sensor 150, the seed metering disc suction port counting sensor 160, and the fan drive motor 9. The seeding unit intelligent controller 180 adjusts the speed of the built-in fan and the rotation angle of the yaw motor 140 according to the number of missed sowings and the number of precision sowings, so as to achieve intelligent adjustment and improve the precision sowing rate.

[0058] Therefore, this embodiment can achieve the following by setting up a seeding unit intelligent controller 180 in combination with other structures:

[0059] First, the built-in fan speed is automatically adjusted according to the specific gravity of the crop seeds to achieve the purpose of avoiding double sowing and missed sowing;

[0060] Second, the angle of the seed scraper 120 is automatically adjusted based on the data fed back by the precision seed counting sensor 150 and the seed suction port counting sensor 160 of the seed metering tray to achieve the purpose of precision seeding;

[0061] Third, the seed metering unit intelligent controller 180 has independent computing power and uses RS485 communication with the main controller of the seeder for bidirectional data transmission, avoiding the drawbacks of overly complex wiring and easy failure.

[0062] Furthermore, an isolation cover 170 is fixed to the inner side of the cover plate 10, and the seeding unit intelligent controller 180 is located inside the isolation cover 170.

[0063] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0064] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled intelligent pneumatic seed metering device, characterized in that, The system includes a front housing, a rear housing, a seed metering tray, a built-in fan, a direct-drive motor, and a seed metering unit intelligent controller. The front housing has a seed inlet, a seed metering inlet, and an air inlet. A fixed cylinder with openings at both ends is coaxially arranged inside the rear housing, and the built-in fan is housed within the fixed cylinder. The inner port of the fixed cylinder is the fan's air inlet, and the outer port is the fan's air outlet. Seed suction ports are arranged along a circular trajectory on the seed metering tray. The area between the seed metering tray and the front housing forms a seed filling chamber. The seed metering tray and the built-in fan... A negative pressure chamber is formed between the fans; a transmission wheel is connected to the end of the seed metering disc, and the transmission wheel is connected to the fixed cylinder through a bearing; the direct drive motor includes a stator core and several magnets, the stator core is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and a winding is wound on the stator core; several magnets are fixed to the inner wall of the transmission wheel, opposite to the stator core, and the polarities of the magnets are alternately arranged; the seed metering unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the built-in fans and the direct drive motor.

2. The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer circumferential wall of the end of the transmission wheel is provided with an L-shaped groove. One side of the L-shape is arranged along the axial direction of the transmission wheel, and the end of this side is connected to the end face of the transmission wheel. The other side of the L-shape is arranged along the circumference of the transmission wheel. The inner circumferential wall of the end of the seed metering disc is provided with a protrusion that can be inserted into the groove along its radial direction.

3. The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure chamber is also equipped with a closed-air grinding block. The end face of the closed-air grinding block is in contact with the inner wall of the seed metering tray and is located on the distribution trajectory of the seed suction port. The closed-air grinding block is located directly above the seed metering port.

4. The CNC intelligent pneumatic seed metering device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A partition is fixed on the inner surface of the end of the front housing, and a seed dispensing channel is formed between the partition and the side wall of the front housing. The seed dispensing port is located at the bottom of the seed dispensing channel. The air-sealed grinding block is located at the top of the seed dispensing channel.

5. The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The built-in fan includes a centrifugal impeller, a fan drive motor that is connected to the centrifugal impeller, and a negative pressure sensor.

6. The CNC intelligent pneumatic seed metering device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixing plate is provided on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder, and the fixing plate is located between the centrifugal impeller and the seed metering disc; the fan inlet is provided in the middle of the fixing plate.

7. The CNC intelligent pneumatic seed metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A cover plate is detachably installed at the exhaust port of the fan, and the cover plate has air leakage holes; the fan drive motor is fixed at the center of the inner side of the cover plate.

8. The CNC intelligent pneumatic seed metering device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device also includes a seed scraper and a sway motor. The seed scraper includes a connecting plate, which is hinged to the front housing by a hinge bolt. A front blade and a rear blade are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the hinge bolt. Both the front blade and the rear blade have gaps with the surface of the seed metering disc. In the natural state, along the circular distribution trajectory of the seed suction port, the front blade is located outside the circular trajectory, and the rear blade is located inside the circular trajectory. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the front blade is located in front of the rear blade. The front edge of the front blade gradually slopes downward and transitions with the lower edge of the front blade in an arc. The front edge of the rear blade gradually slopes upward and transitions with the upper edge of the rear blade in an arc. The sway motor is fixed to the outer end face of the front housing. The output shaft of the sway motor extends into the interior of the front housing and fixes an eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel is located in the strip hole at the end of the connecting plate.

9. The CNC intelligent pneumatic seed metering device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a precision seeding counting sensor and a seed metering disc suction port counting sensor fixed on the front housing. The precision seeding counting sensor is used to detect the number of suction ports that have not sucked in seeds. Along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the precision seeding counting sensor is located behind the seed scraper blade. The seed metering disc suction port counting sensor is located behind the air-sealed grinding block and is used to monitor the seeding speed and provide reference parameters for the precision seeding counting sensor and the seed metering unit intelligent controller. The seed metering unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the precision seeding counting sensor, the seed metering disc suction port counting sensor, and the yaw motor. The seed metering unit intelligent controller is electrically connected to the seeder main controller via RS485.

10. The CNC intelligent air suction seed metering device according to claim 9, characterized in that, An isolation cover is fixed to the inside of the cover plate, and the seeding unit intelligent controller is located inside the isolation cover.

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