A natural water body ecological restoration method and restoration system
By building filter bed artificial wetlands on the shores of natural water bodies and automatically adjusting the pump speed using light, combining submerged plants and ornamental fish, a micro-ecology system without external energy is formed, which solves the problem that existing water ecological restoration technology cannot maintain water bodies for a long time The problem of self-purification has achieved stable purification and improved aesthetics of water bodies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN201610528561.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2016-07-07
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-07-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing water ecological restoration technology has failed to solve the problem from the perspective of ecological balance and cannot maintain the self-purification capacity of water bodies for a long time, resulting in many water body restoration projects that cannot withstand the test of time and will return to pollution and blackness in a short period of time.
Build filter bed artificial wetlands on the shores of natural water bodies. By automatically adjusting the operating speed of the water pump, treating pollution in the water body according to the light intensity, forming a micro-ecosystem without external energy, combining perennial submerged plants and ornamental fish to ensure long-term stability of the water body Maintain in a low algae and low turbid state.
It has achieved long-term stable purification of water bodies, avoided ecological risks brought by foreign microorganisms, reduced the concentration of algae and suspended substances in water bodies, improved the transparency and aesthetics of water bodies, and the system is low in investment and easy to manage.
Smart Images
Figure CN105948270B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water body ecological restoration, and in particular to a natural water body ecological restoration method and restoration system. Background Art
[0002] At present, the traditional water ecological restoration technologies on the market mainly include the addition of biological enzymes, planting of submerged plants, circulating flotation, circulating filtration and other technologies, which have a certain effect on improving the water environment quality level, eliminating black and smelly rivers, and improving the transparency of surface water; however, their defect is that they do not solve the problem from the perspective of ecological balance, and do not start from improving the self-purification capacity of water bodies. Many water body restoration projects cannot stand the test of time and will return to pollution and blackness in a short period of time. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the above problems, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a natural water body ecological restoration method and restoration system that can effectively achieve water body restoration from the perspective of ecological balance.
[0004] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a natural water ecological restoration method and restoration system that does not require external energy input, can automatically adjust according to climate conditions, and maintain natural water bodies at low algae and low turbidity levels for a long time.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a method for ecological restoration of natural water bodies, characterized in that: a number of filter bed type artificial wetlands are constructed on the banks of the natural water bodies to be ecologically restored, and water in the natural water bodies is introduced into the filter bed type artificial wetlands for treatment, and the treated water is re-discharged into the natural water bodies, so that the purpose of ecological restoration of natural water bodies is achieved through such a cyclic treatment; during the treatment process, the speed at which water in the natural water bodies enters the artificial wetlands is automatically adjusted according to the light intensity, and then the treatment speed of the artificial wetlands is adjusted according to the light intensity.
[0006] The present invention also includes a natural water body ecological restoration system, which is characterized by: comprising a plurality of filter bed type artificial wetlands constructed on the shore of the natural water body to be ecologically restored, the filter bed type artificial wetlands are provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe; the outlet pipe is connected to the filter bed type artificial wetlands; the inlet pipe is connected to a water pump body, the water pump body is arranged in the natural water body, and the water pump body is connected to an adjustment device that automatically adjusts the running speed of the water pump according to the light intensity.
[0007] Preferably, the regulating device comprises a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic pumping inverter arranged on the shore or on the upper part of a natural water body, the photovoltaic panel is connected to the photovoltaic pumping inverter, and the photovoltaic pumping inverter is connected to a water pump body.
[0008] Preferably, the regulating device includes a photosensitive device arranged on the shore or above a natural water body and a control device connected to the photosensitive device and the water pump body, and regulating the operating speed of the water pump body according to the light intensity sensed by the photosensitive device.
[0009] Preferably, the photosensing device is a light sensor.
[0010] Preferably, perennial submerged plants (such as Vallisneria) are planted in the natural water body, and some ornamental fish are naturally raised in the water body at a low density.
[0011] Preferably, the filter bed type artificial wetland is a plaza type artificial wetland or a landscape greening type artificial wetland, or a combination of a plaza type artificial wetland and a landscape greening type artificial wetland.
[0012] Preferably, the square-type artificial wetland comprises a wetland body, which is arranged at the lower part of the square and is provided with an air intake and water distribution layer, a mixed coarse filter layer, a biofilm main filter layer, a transition layer, a water outlet layer and an anti-seepage layer in sequence from top to bottom; an inlet pipe is arranged in the air intake and water distribution layer, and an outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet layer; a plurality of air intake channels connected to the air intake and water distribution layer are arranged on the square.
[0013] Preferably, an air-permeable grille is provided on the upper portion of the air inlet passage.
[0014] Preferably, the square is made of square breathable bricks.
[0015] Preferably, the landscape greening artificial wetland comprises a wetland body, in which an anti-seepage layer, a water outlet layer, a transition layer, a biofilm main filter layer, a mixed coarse filter layer, and an air intake and water distribution layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; an inlet pipe is arranged in the air intake and water distribution layer, and an outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet layer; a plurality of soil and rock transition layers are arranged above the air intake and water distribution layer; air intake channels are arranged between the soil and rock transition layers; a planting soil layer is arranged on the soil and rock transition layer, and green plants are planted in the planting soil layer.
[0016] Preferably, the green plants are terrestrial plants; terrestrial evergreen plants are particularly preferred.
[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the natural water ecological restoration method and restoration system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
[0018] 1) The present invention combines filter bed type artificial wetlands, natural water bodies, submerged plants, fish, circulation pumps, and solar power generation devices to form a micro-ecosystem, which does not require external energy input and can be automatically adjusted according to climate conditions.
[0019] 2) As a component of this artificially constructed micro-ecosystem, the filter bed type artificial wetland has a strong purification ability. A small amount of pollutants entering can be easily decomposed by the rich microorganisms in the filter bed; the filter bed serves as a carrier of microorganisms, and its active microorganisms are all indigenous microorganisms, which can effectively avoid the ecological risks brought by the introduction of foreign microorganisms.
[0020] 3) The large number of metazoans gathered in the filter bed type wetland and the automatic adjustment of the amount of water entering the filter bed according to the intensity of sunlight can ensure that the natural water body is maintained at a low algae and low turbidity level for a long time.
[0021] 4) The construction methods of filter-type wetlands are more diverse. The ground can be green space, squares, roads, etc., which makes it easier to implement the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the natural water ecological restoration system of the present invention Figure 1 .
[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the natural water ecological restoration system of the present invention Figure 2 .
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the square-type artificial wetland described in the present invention.
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the landscape greening artificial wetland described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0027] The natural water body ecological restoration method described in the present invention specifically comprises the following steps: constructing a plurality of filter bed type artificial wetlands on the bank of the natural water body to be ecologically restored, introducing water from the natural water body into the filter bed type artificial wetlands for treatment, and then re-discharging the treated water into the natural water body, so as to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration of the natural water body in such a cycle; during the treatment process, the speed at which the water from the natural water body enters the artificial wetland is automatically adjusted according to the light intensity, and then the treatment speed of the artificial wetland is adjusted according to the light intensity.
[0028] That is, the method of the present invention constructs a filter bed type artificial wetland on the bank of an existing natural water body, so that the artificial wetland and the water body form an ecosystem, wherein a large number of biofilms, protozoa, and metazoa are attached to the filter bed of the wetland, and the water of the natural water body is lifted by a water pump into the wetland filter bed, and the dissolved organic matter, algae, colloids, and suspended solids in the water are removed through its physical filtration interception, microbial decomposition, etc., and then returned to the natural water body. In this process, the amount of water entering the filter bed is automatically adjusted according to the light intensity. When the sunlight is strong, the growth rate of algae propagated by photosynthesis in the natural water body is accelerated, but at this time the water volume of the water pump increases, and the filtration speed of the filter pool is accelerated; when encountering rainy weather and at night, the solar power supply is reduced, the algae reproduction slows down or even stops, and the water volume of the water pump becomes smaller or even stops. At the same time, planting some evergreen perennial submerged plants (such as Vallisneria) in natural water bodies can, on the one hand, further increase the habitat of decomposers (microorganisms) in the water body, and also serve as a visual indicator of water visibility, which also increases the beauty of the water body; at the same time, naturally releasing some ornamental fish at a low density in the water body can effectively control the excessive reproduction of metazoans in filter-type wetlands and their accumulation in natural water bodies, which can also increase the ornamental value of the water body.
[0029] Example
[0030] The sewage is moderately polluted closed pond water and part of the domestic sewage of the surrounding residents. The treated effluent is circulated to build the pond micro-ecosystem. The water quality analysis and testing under three conditions, no operation, 15 days of circulation, and 60 days of circulation, the results are as follows:
[0031]
[0032] From the above results, it can be seen that the use of the method of the present invention for ecological restoration of natural water bodies can effectively remove CODcr, BOD5, SS, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in natural water bodies, while reducing water turbidity and improving water transparency; it can ensure that natural water bodies are maintained at a low algae and low turbidity level for a long time.
[0033] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a natural water body ecological restoration system, including a plurality of filter bed type artificial wetlands 2 constructed on the bank of a natural water body 1 to be ecologically restored, the filter bed type artificial wetlands 2 are provided with an inlet pipe 21 and an outlet pipe 22; the outlet pipe 22 is connected to the filter bed type artificial wetland 1; the inlet pipe is connected to a water pump body 3, the water pump body 3 is arranged in the natural water body 1, and the water pump body 1 is connected to a regulating device 4 for automatically regulating the running speed of the water pump according to the light intensity; perennial submerged plants 11 (such as Vallisneria) are planted in the natural water body 1, and at the same time, some ornamental fish 12 are naturally raised at a low density in the water body.
[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the regulating device 4 includes a photovoltaic panel 41 and a photovoltaic pumping inverter 42 arranged on the bank or the upper part of the natural water body, the photovoltaic panel 41 is connected to the photovoltaic pumping inverter 42, and the photovoltaic pumping inverter 42 is connected to the water pump body 3. The advantage of adopting this method is that it uses solar energy for power supply, does not require external energy input, and can be automatically adjusted according to climate conditions. When the sunlight is strong, the growth rate of algae propagated by photosynthesis in the natural water body accelerates, but at this time, the solar power supply is large, the water volume of the water pump increases, and the filtration speed of the filter tank is accelerated; when encountering rainy weather and at night, the solar power supply is reduced, the algae reproduction slows down or even stops, and the water volume of the water pump becomes smaller or even stops.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the regulating device 4 includes a photosensitive device 43 (such as a light sensor) disposed on the bank or the upper part of a natural water body and a control device 44 connected to the photosensitive device 43 and the water pump body 3, and regulating the running speed of the water pump according to the light intensity sensed by the photosensitive device. The advantage of adopting this method is that the light intensity is sensed by the photosensitive device, and then the control device collects the light intensity information to control the running speed of the water pump body, and the water pump body adopts a conventional power supply method.
[0036] In addition, the filter bed type artificial wetland 2 can be a square type artificial wetland or a landscape greening type artificial wetland, or a combination of square type artificial wetlands and landscape greening type artificial wetlands; the number of wetlands around natural water bodies can be set according to the volume of the water body and the pollution situation.
[0037] Preferably, Figure 3 The square-type artificial wetland shown includes a wetland body 20, which is arranged at the lower part of a square 30. The square 20 is preferably a square made of air-permeable bricks. The overall depth of the wetland body 10 is 1.2-1.5m, which reduces the project cost while ensuring the treatment effect. The wetland body 20 is provided with an air-intake water distribution layer 201, a mixed coarse filter layer 202, a biofilm main filter layer 203, a transition layer 204, a water outlet layer 205 and an impermeable layer 206 from top to bottom. The air-intake water distribution layer 201 is provided with an inlet pipe 207, and the water outlet layer 205 is provided with an outlet pipe 208. The square 30 is provided with a plurality of air inlet channels 301 connected to the air-intake water distribution layer 201. The upper part of the air inlet channel 301 is preferably provided with an air-permeable grille 302. The advantages of using this wetland are:
[0038] Urban squares, parks, and parking lots can be built above the wetland body, which greatly expands its scope of application and can effectively improve the quality of the water environment. The stems and roots of plants are no longer used as the main oxygen supply for wetlands, which reduces the functional requirements for plants and the management requirements for plants, making this technology more easily accepted by the market. Compared with other traditional secondary biochemical treatment and deep sewage treatment technologies, artificial wetlands have more prominent advantages such as low investment, easy management, and high removal rate.
[0039] Preferably, Figure 4 The landscape greening artificial wetland shown in the figure includes a wetland body 20', the overall depth of the wetland body 20' is controlled within the range of 1.2-1.5m, which reduces the project cost while ensuring the treatment effect; the wetland body 20' is provided with an anti-seepage layer 201', a water outlet layer 202', a transition layer 203', a biofilm main filter layer 204', a mixed coarse filter layer 205', and an air intake and water distribution layer 206' from bottom to top; the air intake and water distribution layer 206' is provided with an air intake and water distribution layer 206'. Water pipe 211', water outlet layer 202' is provided with water outlet pipe 212'; a plurality of soil-rock transition layers 207' are provided above the air inlet and water distribution layer 206'; an air inlet channel 210' is provided between the soil-rock transition layers 207'; a planting soil layer 208' is provided on the soil-rock transition layer 207', and green plants 209' are planted in the planting soil layer 208', and the green plants 209' are preferably terrestrial plants; terrestrial evergreen plants are particularly preferred. Preferably, the green plants are preferably terrestrial plants; terrestrial evergreen plants are particularly preferred. The benefits of using this artificial wetland are: building an artificial wetland that has both purification effects and ground landscape effects, which can allow green wetlands to replace the original green land in cities and villages, greatly expanding its application scope and effectively improving the quality of the water environment; no longer using the stems and roots of plants as the main oxygen supply method for wetlands, which reduces the functional requirements for plants and the management requirements for plants, making this technology more easily accepted by the market; compared with other traditional secondary biochemical treatment and deep sewage treatment technologies, artificial wetlands have more outstanding advantages such as low investment, easy management and high removal rate.
[0040] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for ecological restoration of natural water bodies, characterized in that: Several filter bed type artificial wetlands are built on the banks of natural water bodies where ecological restoration is planned to be carried out. The water in the natural water body is introduced into the filter bed type artificial wetlands for treatment, and the treated water is then discharged back into the natural water body. This cycle of treatment achieves the purpose of ecological restoration of the natural water body. During the treatment process, the speed at which water in the natural water body enters the artificial wetland is automatically adjusted according to the light intensity, and then the treatment speed of the artificial wetland is adjusted according to the light intensity.
2. A natural water ecological restoration system, characterized by: It includes several filter bed type artificial wetlands built on the banks of natural water bodies to be ecologically restored, the filter bed type artificial wetlands are provided with water inlet pipes and water outlet pipes; the water outlet pipes are connected to the filter bed type artificial wetlands; the water inlet pipes are connected to a water pump body, the water pump body is arranged in the natural water body, and the water pump body is connected to an adjusting device which automatically adjusts the running speed of the water pump according to the light intensity.
3. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating device comprises a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic pumping inverter arranged on the bank or on the upper part of a natural water body, the photovoltaic panel is connected to the photovoltaic pumping inverter, and the photovoltaic pumping inverter is connected to a water pump body.
4. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating device comprises a photosensitive device arranged on the bank or on the upper part of a natural water body and a control device connected to the photosensitive device and a water pump body, and regulating the running speed of the water pump body according to the light intensity sensed by the photosensitive device.
5. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Perennial submerged plants are planted in the natural water body, and some ornamental fish are naturally raised in the water body at a low density.
6. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The filter bed type artificial wetland is a square type artificial wetland or a landscape greening type artificial wetland, or a combination of the square type artificial wetland and the landscape greening type artificial wetland.
7. A natural water ecological restoration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The square-type artificial wetland includes a wetland body, which is arranged at the lower part of the square and is provided with an air intake and water distribution layer, a mixed coarse filter layer, a biofilm main filter layer, a transition layer, a water outlet layer and an anti-seepage layer in sequence from top to bottom; the air intake and water distribution layer is provided with an inlet pipe, and the water outlet layer is provided with an outlet pipe; the square is provided with a plurality of air intake channels connected with the air intake and water distribution layer.
8. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ventilation grille is arranged on the upper part of the air inlet passage, and the square is made of square ventilation bricks.
9. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The landscape greening artificial wetland comprises a wetland body, in which an impermeable layer, a water outlet layer, a transition layer, a biofilm main filter layer, a mixed coarse filter layer, and an air intake and water distribution layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; an inlet pipe is arranged in the air intake and water distribution layer, and an outlet pipe is arranged in the water outlet layer; a plurality of soil and rock transition layers are arranged above the air intake and water distribution layer; air intake channels are arranged between the soil and rock transition layers; a planting soil layer is arranged on the soil and rock transition layer, and green plants are planted in the planting soil layer.
10. A natural water body ecological restoration system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The green plants are terrestrial plants.