Tunnel void-free lining trolley

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel cavity-free lining trolley, comprising a lining trolley, a concrete pouring hole (3) and a pre-buried grouting pipe (1) on the trolley top arch template, and observation tubes (2) distributed on the top arch template. An observation probe is inserted into the observation tube to observe the concrete pouring condition in the template, thereby effectively preventing the generation of cavities. Multiple observation tubes can be installed on the template to achieve all-round monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel lining trolley, in particular to a trolley arch lining structure. Background Art

[0002] When a lining trolley is used for secondary lining of a tunnel, the presence of voids in the concrete will have a great impact on its strength. Generally, the lining trolley is prone to produce voids in the top arch part, and the voids are not easy to find during the pouring process. The voids are only found when the lining trolley is demolded; even after demolding, the voids are not visible, but there are already voids inside the concrete. The main reasons are: (1) When the lining trolley pours the upper part of the top arch, there is no pouring window, only a pouring port, so the pouring personnel cannot observe the pouring situation of the upper part of the top arch as they can at the pouring window, that is, they cannot clearly observe the pouring situation of the upper part of the top arch. (2) In areas with dense steel bars or reserved holes and embedded parts, the concrete feed is stuck, and the upper layer of concrete is poured without vibration. (3) When pumping concrete, the pumping time is stopped for too long. (4) The concrete has poor fluidity. (5) Concrete segregation, mortar separation, gravel piles, serious slurry leakage, and no vibration, or too much or too thick dry concrete is added to the vertical structure at one time, the material is added too high, and the vibrator cannot vibrate, forming loose holes. (6) Concrete contains water, soil or other debris.

[0003] During the secondary lining of the tunnel, if voids occur, it needs to be removed and re-injected, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly. In order to avoid the above situation, the usual practice is to install a camera at the highest point of the top arch at the end of the lining trolley where the lining is poured last, and monitor the pouring of concrete in the top arch template during the secondary lining through the camera to prevent the formation of voids. However, due to the long template (more than 10 meters), there are generally 4 pouring ports evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel at the highest point of the top arch of the lining trolley. During the pouring process, the concrete at each pouring port of the secondary lining is high, forming a high slope at the pouring port and a low slope around the pouring port. The camera can only observe the pouring situation close to the camera. Due to the high concrete at the pouring port, the camera is blocked from observing the pouring situation behind the pouring port. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: In view of the problem that the current observation means cannot observe the pouring situation of the second half of the formwork, a trolley structure is provided which can observe the secondary lining of the vault in all directions.

[0005] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A tunnel cavity-free lining trolley comprises a lining trolley, a top arch template of the trolley is provided with concrete pouring holes and pre-buried grouting pipes, and the top arch template is provided with observation tubes.

[0007] A hole is opened on the top of the top arch template, and a fixed flange is welded at the bottom. The fixed flange is connected to the positioning flange by bolts. A mounting hole for an observation tube is provided in the center of the positioning flange, and a bottom cover is provided at the lower end of the mounting hole, and a hole is opened in the center of the bottom cover.

[0008] There is an observation window at the top of the observation tube. The observation window is a ring-shaped transparent structure, and a camera and a lighting lamp are installed on the column inside the observation window.

[0009] An operating rod is arranged in the observation tube, and an observation probe is installed on the top of the operating rod.

[0010] A slide groove is provided on the upper end surface of the fixed flange or the positioning flange, and a plug plate is installed in the slide groove.

[0011] The top end of the operating rod is connected to a plugging plate, and a sealing step surface is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the observation tube, and the sealing step surface is matched with the inner side of the plugging plate.

[0012] The other end of the operating rod is hinged to a plugging plate, and a sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall surface of the upper end of the observation tube, and the upper surface of the plugging plate and the lower surface of the sealing ring are matched.

[0013] The observation probe consists of a camera and a light.

[0014] The bottom cover is connected by threads and positioning flange.

[0015] There are card slots on both sides of the bottom cover, and a lock buckle is hinged at the lower end of the positioning flange.

[0016] Observation tubes and pre-buried grouting pipes are arranged alternately.

[0017] The observation tube and the grouting tube are arranged on the same cross section. The highest point along the middle of the circumference is the observation tube, and there is a grouting tube on each side of the observation tube.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] An observation tube is installed on the arch formwork, and an observation probe is inserted from the observation tube to observe the concrete pouring in the formwork, which effectively prevents the formation of voids. Multiple observation tubes can be installed on the formwork to achieve all-round monitoring. Through the observation probe, the size of the void can be clearly seen. Before grouting the void, the amount of grouting to fill the void can be roughly estimated, and the observed grouting amount can be used as a reference to whether the void is filled.

[0020] There is a plugging plate at the upper end of the observation tube, which is used to seal the upper end when the observation tube is removed to prevent concrete from leaking out of the observation tube. When the observation probe tube is withdrawn from the top arch formwork, a plugging plate is used to close the top arch opening to block the concrete. After the observation tube is removed, the concrete will not leak out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of the observation tube in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the observation tube in Examples 2 and 3.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lining trolley.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plug board structure.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of Example 4.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the observation tube in Example 4.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the observation tube in Example 4.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the bottom cover 6 in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] An observation hole and a grouting hole are provided on the arch template of the lining trolley, and a fixed flange 4 is welded below the observation hole and the grouting hole, and bolts are welded on the fixed flange 4, and the positioning flange 5 is connected by bolts. A slide groove is provided on the upper end surface of the fixed flange 4, and a plug plate 10 is provided between the slide groove and the arch template. A positioning cylinder 6 is provided in the center of the positioning flange 5, and a pin hole is provided on the cylinder wall. The observation tube 2 is inserted into the positioning cylinder 16 and extends through the observation hole to a place near the tunnel waterproof board 11. Then install the grouting pipe 1 in the grouting hole.

[0032] There is an observation window 18 at the top of the observation tube 2. The observation window 18 is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A camera and a lighting lamp, a stepper motor and a column 17 are installed in the observation window 18. The camera and the lighting lamp are installed on the horizontal stepper motor shaft, and the stepper motor is installed on another vertical stepper motor shaft to achieve 360° horizontal rotation and 15° vertical rotation observation of the camera and the lighting lamp. The vertical stepper motor is connected to the column 17, and the column 17 is fixed on the observation tube 2. There is a positioning hole on the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube 2 for positioning the height of the observation tube 2. The observation tube 2 and the positioning cylinder 16 on the positioning flange 5 are connected together by a latch 19.

[0033] When the lining trolley is erected, ensure that all observation tubes 2 and grouting tubes 1 are located in the spaces between the steel bars.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] First, drill holes in the top mold of the lining trolley. In addition to the second lining injection hole 3 of the arch, three arch grouting holes and two observation holes are drilled along the highest point of the arch template in the longitudinal direction. The three arch injection holes are grouting holes, middle exhaust holes (spare grouting holes), and end mold exhaust holes. Weld a fixed flange 4 under the hole. A slide groove is opened on the upper surface of the fixed flange 4. A plug plate 10 is installed in the slide groove. There is a hole in the center of the plug plate 10. The plug plate 10 can be slid to open or close the observation hole. The fixed flange 4 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by bolts. One positioning flange 5 is used to install the grouting pipe 1, and the other positioning flange 5 is used to install the observation pipe 2. There is a mounting hole for the observation pipe 3 or the grouting pipe 1 in the center of the positioning flange 5. The lower end of the mounting hole for installing the observation pipe 2 has a bottom cover 6. The bottom cover 6 has a hole in the center, and the diameter of the hole is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the observation pipe 3. There are card slots on both sides of the bottom cover 6, and a lock buckle 9 is hinged at the lower end of the positioning flange 5. The lock buckle 9 is a hinged bolt with a nut. The bolt head is hinged to the positioning flange 5. Without removing the nut, it can be rotated and matched with the card slot of the bottom cover 6 to lock the bottom cover 6.

[0036] When the lining trolley is erected, ensure that all observation tubes 2 and grouting tubes 1 are located in the spaces between the steel bars.

[0037] After the trolley and template are in place, the prepared RPC grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are "tested" through the modified reserved holes to determine the installation length of the RPC grouting pipe 1 and whether the thickness of the second lining meets the design requirements. The specific standard is the length of the RPC grouting pipe against the waterproof board + 2cm. The RPC pipe embedding depth is recorded on the recording board, and the grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are cut and marked after the RPC grouting pipe 1 is against the waterproof board. The RPC pipe embedding depth is recorded: the mark should be a line, one is the line with the outer template of the second lining template (used to detect whether the thickness of the second lining meets the requirements); the other is the outer template line of the second lining template + 2cm, that is, the cutting length of the RPC grouting pipe (exhaust pipe). Observation pipe 2 is about 5cm shorter than grouting pipe 1. A cross groove is opened on the upper end face of grouting pipe 1. Grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are installed in the flange respectively and fixed. Grouting pipe 1 is fixed by connecting steel pipe, and observation pipe 2 is fixed by bottom cover 6. An operating rod 7 is provided in the observation tube 2, and an observation probe 12 is installed on the operating rod 7. The top of the operating rod 7 is connected to the plugging plate 8, and a sealing step surface is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the observation tube 2, and the sealing step surface matches the inner side of the plugging plate 8. The observation probe 12 is composed of a camera and a lighting lamp. After the observation tube 2 is placed in the observation hole, the observation tube 2 is supported by the bottom cover 6, and then the lock buckle 9 is turned, and the lock buckle 9 and the grooves on both sides of the bottom cover 6 cooperate to fix the bottom cover 6.

[0038] When pouring the vault concrete, the observation probe 12 is controlled by the operating rod 7 to observe from the top of the observation tube 2 to monitor the pouring of the concrete. The observation probe 12 is rotated 360° horizontally and 15° vertically for observation. The stepper motor 22 is used to drive the observation probe to rotate horizontally and vertically, or the observation probe is manually driven to rotate horizontally and vertically. When the concrete is observed to be close to the upper end of the observation tube 2, the observation probe is removed, the observation tube 2 is taken out, the observation hole is blocked, and the pouring is continued until the grouting pipe 1 oozes grout, and the pouring is stopped.

[0039] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is to transform the existing trolley, and the transformation and construction steps are as follows:

[0040] (1) Opening and mounting flange on the trolley roof

[0041] First, drill holes in the top mold of the lining trolley. In addition to the second lining injection hole 3 of the arch, three arch injection holes and two observation holes are drilled along the highest point of the arch template in the longitudinal direction. The three arch injection holes are grouting holes, middle exhaust holes (spare grouting holes), and end mold exhaust holes. Weld the fixing flange 4 under the five holes. The fixing flange 4 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by bolts. One positioning flange 5 is used to install the grouting pipe 1, and the other positioning flange 5 is used to install the observation pipe 2. There is a mounting hole for the observation pipe 3 or the grouting pipe 1 in the center of the positioning flange 5. The lower end of the mounting hole for installing the observation pipe has a bottom cover 6, and the bottom cover 6 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by threads. The bottom cover 6 has a hole in the center, and the diameter of the hole is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the observation pipe 3. A slide groove is opened on the upper end surface of the positioning flange 5, and the slide groove is used to install the plug plate 10, and the plug plate 10 has a hole in the center. When the lining trolley is erected, ensure that the positions of all observation pipes 2 and grouting pipes 1 are in the space of the steel bars.

[0042] (2) Put the modified formwork into place according to the geometric requirements of the secondary lining.

[0043] After the trolley and formwork are installed, the prepared RPC grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are "tested" through the reserved holes after the transformation to determine the installation length of the RPC grouting pipe 1 and whether the thickness of the secondary lining meets the design requirements. The specific standard is based on the length of the RPC grouting pipe against the waterproof board + 2cm.

[0044] (3) Record the RPC pipe burial depth on the recording board and cut the grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2

[0045] According to the operation in (2), after the RPC grouting pipe 1 is against the waterproof board, mark and record the RPC pipe burial depth: the mark should be a line, one is the line with the outer template of the second lining template (used to detect whether the thickness of the second lining meets the requirements); the other is the outer template line of the second lining template + 2cm, that is, the cutting length of the RPC grouting pipe (exhaust pipe). Observation pipe 2 is about 5cm shorter than grouting pipe 1. A cross groove is provided on the upper end surface of grouting pipe 1. Grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are respectively installed in the flange and fixed. Grouting pipe 1 is fixed by connecting steel pipe, and observation pipe 2 is fixed by bottom cover 6. A sealing step surface (inclined surface) is machined on the upper end of observation pipe 2. An operating rod 7 is provided in observation pipe 2, and an observation probe 12 is installed on the operating rod 7. Observation probe 12 can be rotated 360° horizontally and 15° up and down for observation. The observation probe is driven by stepping motor 22 to rotate horizontally and up and down, or it is driven manually to rotate horizontally and up and down. The top end of the operating rod 7 is connected to a plugging plate 8, which is outside the observation tube 2. The upper end of the observation tube 2 has a sealing step surface, which matches the inner side of the plugging plate 8. The observation probe 12 is composed of a camera and an illuminator.

[0046] (4) Pour concrete into the secondary lining pouring hole 3 and observe the pouring situation.

[0047] The secondary lining concrete should be poured symmetrically, the height difference of the concrete surface on the left and right sides shall not exceed 0.5m, and the height difference of the front and back shall not exceed 0.6m. The concrete pouring should be poured from the formwork window layer by layer, from bottom to top, symmetrically layered, and the free height of the fall shall not exceed 2m. When pouring the vault concrete, extend the observation probe from the observation tube 2 to the top for observation, monitor the pouring of the concrete, until the concrete is observed to be close to the upper end of the observation tube 2, pull down the operating rod 7, and use the plug plate 8 to seal the upper end of the observation tube 2. When taking out the observation tube 2, insert the plug plate 10 between the upper end surface slide groove of the positioning flange 5 and the fixed flange 4 to prevent the slurry from flowing out. Continue pouring until the grouting pipe 1 oozes slurry, and stop pouring.

[0048] (5) Preparation of grouting liquid and grouting with mold.

[0049] In principle, the grouting of the vault should be started from the low end to the high end. The grouting is carried out 2 to 3 hours after the second lining concrete is poured. The grouting material is filling mortar with a water-cement ratio of 0.18. The grouting is operated by a special grouting and grouting machine. The slurry is required to be mixed continuously, and the amount of materials is strictly monitored during the mixing process to ensure the quality of the slurry. Use the grouting pipe 1 to grout the empty area between the back of the secondary lining and the waterproof board to prevent the second lining vault from falling off and the concrete from being loose.

[0050] Embodiment 4:

[0051] There are 4 pouring holes 3 on the arch template in this embodiment. First, holes are punched on the top mold of the lining trolley, and five groups of holes are punched between the second lining pouring holes 3 and at both ends of the arch template, and a closing device is installed under the hole. Each group has three holes, the middle is an observation hole, and the two sides are grouting holes. The three holes are distributed on the same circumference. A fixed flange 4 is welded under the hole, and a slide groove is opened on the upper surface of the fixed flange 4. A plug plate 10 is installed in the slide groove. There is a hole in the center of the plug plate 10, and the plug plate 10 can be slid to open or close the observation hole. The fixed flange 4 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by bolts. One positioning flange 5 is used to install the grouting pipe 1, and the other positioning flange 5 is used to install the observation pipe 2. There is a mounting hole for the observation pipe 3 or the grouting pipe 1 in the center of the positioning flange 5. The lower end of the mounting hole for installing the observation pipe 2 has a bottom cover 6, and the bottom cover 6 has a hole in the center. The diameter of the hole is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the observation pipe 3. There are card grooves on both sides of the bottom cover 6, and a lock buckle 9 is hinged at the lower end of the positioning flange 5. When the lining trolley is erected, ensure that all observation tubes 2 and grouting tubes 1 are located in the spaces between the steel bars.

[0052] After the trolley and template are in place, the prepared RPC grouting pipe 1 and observation tube 2 are installed on the trolley. A cross groove is opened on the upper end surface of the grouting pipe 1. The grouting pipe 1 and the observation tube 2 are respectively installed in the flange and fixed. The grouting pipe 1 is fixed by a connecting steel pipe, and the observation tube 2 is fixed by the bottom cover 6. An operating rod 7 is provided in the observation tube 2, and an observation probe 12 is installed on the upper end of the operating rod 7. The lower end of the operating rod 7 is hinged to the plug 8 through a ball head. The inner wall surface of the upper end of the observation tube 2 is provided with a sealing ring, and the lower surface of the sealing ring and the upper surface of the plug 8 cooperate. The observation probe 12 consists of a camera and a lighting lamp. The stepper motor 22 is used to drive the observation probe 12 to rotate horizontally and up and down, or the observation probe 12 is manually driven to rotate horizontally and up and down. After putting the observation tube 2 into the observation hole, the bottom cover 6 is used to support the observation tube 2, and then the lock buckle 9 is turned. The lock buckle 9 and the card slots on both sides of the bottom cover 6 cooperate to fix the bottom cover 6.

[0053] When pouring the vault concrete, use the operating lever 7 to control the observation probe to observe from the top of the observation tube 2 to monitor the pouring of the concrete until the concrete is observed to be close to the upper end of the observation tube 2, remove the observation probe 12, insert the operating lever 7 into the observation tube 2 in reverse, push the blocking plate 8 hinged on the operating lever 7 to the top of the observation tube 2 to seal the observation tube 2, turn the lock 9, remove the bottom cover 6, pull out the observation tube 2, block the observation hole and continue pouring until the grouting pipe 1 oozes grout, then stop pouring.

Claims

1. A tunnel cavity-free lining trolley, comprising a lining trolley, a concrete pouring hole (3) and a pre-buried grouting pipe (1) on the top arch template of the trolley, characterized in that: An observation tube (2) is distributed on the top arch formwork. When pouring the arch concrete, observation is performed from the top of the observation tube (2) to monitor the pouring of the concrete until the concrete is observed to be close to the upper end of the observation tube (2). A hole is opened at the top of the top arch formwork, and a fixing flange (4) is welded below. The fixing flange (4) is connected to a positioning flange (5) by bolts. A mounting hole for the observation tube (2) is provided in the center of the positioning flange (5). A bottom cover (6) is provided at the lower end of the mounting hole. The bottom cover (6) has a hole in the center. The observation tube (2) and the pre-buried grouting tube (1) are arranged alternately. The observation tube (2) and the grouting tube (1) are arranged on the same cross section. The highest point in the middle of the circumference is the observation tube (2). There is a grouting tube (1) on each side of the observation tube (2).

2. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the observation tube (2) is provided with an observation window (18), which is a ring-shaped transparent structure. The camera and the lighting lamp are mounted on a horizontal stepper motor shaft, and the stepper motor is mounted on another vertical stepper motor shaft, so that the camera and the lighting lamp can rotate horizontally by 360 degrees and rotate vertically by 15 degrees for observation. The vertical stepper motor is connected to a column (17), and the column (17) is fixed on the observation tube (2).

3. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating rod (7) is arranged in the observation tube (2), and an observation probe (12) is installed on the top of the operating rod (7).

4. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove is provided on the upper end surface of the fixed flange (4) or the positioning flange (5), and a plug plate (10) is installed in the slide groove.

5. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the operating rod (7) is connected to the blocking plate (8), and a sealing step surface is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the observation tube (2), and the sealing step surface is matched with the inner side of the blocking plate (8).

6. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the operating rod (7) is hingedly connected to a blocking plate (8), the inner wall surface of the upper end of the observation tube (2) is provided with a sealing ring, and the upper surface of the blocking plate (8) and the lower surface of the sealing ring are matched.

7. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: The observation probe (12) is composed of a camera and a lighting lamp.

8. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom cover (6) is connected to the positioning flange (5) via threads.

9. The tunnel cavity-free lining trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom cover (6) has slots on both sides, and a lock buckle 9 is hingedly connected to the lower end of the positioning flange (5). The lock buckle (9) is a hinged bolt with a nut. The bolt head is hingedly connected to the positioning flange (5). Without removing the nut, the bottom cover (6) can be locked by rotating it and cooperating with the slots of the bottom cover (6).

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