Automatic shelling device and shelling method for seed-keeping peanuts

Abstract

This invention provides an automatic peanut shelling device and method for seed saving, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. The automatic seed saving and shelling device includes a frame assembly, and a conveying mechanism, a leveling mechanism, a sweeping mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a moving component mechanism, and a shell-kernel separation mechanism, all mounted on the frame assembly. The conveying mechanism is positioned above the leveling mechanism; the sweeping mechanism is positioned below the leveling mechanism; the moving component mechanism is positioned to one side of the sweeping mechanism; the shelling mechanism is positioned on the moving component mechanism; and the shell-kernel separation mechanism is positioned below the shelling mechanism. This invention features a simple and lightweight structure, fully automating the shelling of seeds with shells, with low kernel breakage rate, convenient operation, fast shelling speed, and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an automatic shelling device and a shelling method for seed-keeping peanuts. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, shelling of shelled seeds (such as peanuts) is the most basic process. Only by ensuring the integrity of the seeds can good peanuts be cultivated. The traditional shelling process for seed preservation is manual shelling, which not only causes fatigue and injury to the fingers, but also has low work efficiency. Therefore, the majority of farmers in shelled seed producing areas urgently require machines to replace manual shelling. The optimization and development of automatic seed shelling machines have changed this situation to a great extent, so that farmers in shelled seed producing areas no longer have to use relatively primitive shelling methods for shelling, thereby greatly reducing the farmers' physical labor and improving the efficiency of shelling.

[0003] Automatic shelling of peanuts for seed preservation is an emerging technology that started late in China. At present, domestic peanut shelling machines can be basically divided into two categories based on their shelling principles, structures and materials: steel bars and steel grid concave plates that are mainly used for striking and kneading, and rubber rollers and rubber floating concave plates that are mainly used for extrusion and kneading. However, the shelling quality of both is not high, and the breakage rate is greater than 8%. The peeled peanuts can only be used for oil extraction and consumption, and cannot meet the requirements of foreign trade export and seed production. Exploring advanced shelling principles is an important way to solve the existing problems of shelling machines. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an automatic shelling device and shelling method for seed peanuts. The device and method have a simple and light structure and can fully realize the automation of shelling seeds with shells. The device and method also have a low kernel breakage rate, are easy to operate, have a fast shelling speed and are highly efficient.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic seed-keeping shelling device comprises a frame assembly, and a conveying mechanism, a straightening mechanism, a sweeping mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a moving assembly mechanism, and a shell-kernel separation mechanism arranged on the frame assembly;

[0007] The conveying mechanism is arranged above the straightening mechanism;

[0008] The sweeping and feeding mechanism is arranged below the straightening mechanism;

[0009] The moving component mechanism is arranged on one side of the scanning and feeding mechanism;

[0010] The shelling mechanism is arranged on the moving component mechanism;

[0011] The shell-kernel separation mechanism is arranged below the shelling mechanism.

[0012] The conveying mechanism includes a conveying support frame, which includes two parallel straight rods, both ends of which are fixed on the frame assembly respectively; the two straight rods are inclined from one end to the other end;

[0013] A material storage trough is fixed on the straight rod, the bottom surface of the material storage trough is parallel to the two straight rods, and an opening is provided on the bottom surface of the material storage trough;

[0014] A first synchronous wheel is arranged on the upper part of the straight rod, and a second synchronous wheel is arranged on the lower part of the straight rod. The diameters of the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are the same, and both ends of the rotating shafts of the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are respectively arranged on the two straight rods through fixed bearings;

[0015] The first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are connected by a long synchronous belt; the long synchronous belt is located below the bottom surface of the material storage tank;

[0016] The opening of the material storage tank, the long synchronous belt, and the gap between the two straight rods are aligned in sequence;

[0017] Preferably, baffles are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the long synchronous belt, and each baffle is arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the long synchronous belt;

[0018] The conveying mechanism further comprises a slideway, the upper end of which is fixed below the upper part of the straight rail and aligned with the end of the long synchronous belt in the running direction, and the lower end of which is fixed above the squaring mechanism.

[0019] A stepping motor is installed at the lower part of the straight rod, and a third synchronous wheel and a fourth synchronous wheel are installed on one side of the straight rod;

[0020] The third synchronous wheel is coaxially arranged with the second synchronous wheel;

[0021] The fourth synchronous wheel is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor;

[0022] The third synchronous wheel is connected with the fourth synchronous wheel through a short synchronous belt.

[0023] The straightening mechanism includes a Y-shaped slot, which is fixed to the frame assembly;

[0024] The Y-shaped groove adopts a thin-wall structure, the opening end of which faces upward and is aligned with the end of the slideway, and the outlet end of which faces downward.

[0025] The sweeping and feeding mechanism comprises a feeding belt, a brush belt and a stepping motor;

[0026] The feeding belt adopts a synchronous belt, and baffles are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt, and each baffle is arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the feeding belt;

[0027] The feeding belt is arranged horizontally, and the plane where the feeding belt is located is parallel to the planes where the two straight rails are located respectively;

[0028] The feeding belt is aligned with the outlet end of the Y-shaped groove;

[0029] The brush belt adopts a synchronous belt, and brush filaments perpendicular to the brush belt are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt;

[0030] The brush belt is located above the feeding belt and is vertically arranged with respect to the feeding belt.

[0031] The moving assembly mechanism includes a moving assembly support frame, which is fixed in the middle of the frame assembly and includes two longitudinally arranged longitudinal rods and a transversely arranged crossbar, and the upper ends of the two longitudinal rods are respectively connected to the two ends of the crossbar; the plane where the moving assembly support frame is located is arranged parallel to the plane where the feeding belt is located;

[0032] An upper moving optical axis and a lower moving optical axis are arranged on the moving component support frame, and the two are arranged in parallel and parallel to the crossbar. Both ends of the upper moving optical axis and the lower moving optical axis are respectively fixed on the moving component support frame, and the upper moving optical axis is located above the lower moving optical axis;

[0033] The moving assembly mechanism includes a left supporting angle aluminum and a right supporting angle aluminum, both of which are arranged in parallel and parallel to the longitudinal rod;

[0034] The upper and lower ends of the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum are respectively connected to the upper moving optical axis and the lower moving optical axis through sliders;

[0035] A left transverse cylinder is fixed on one longitudinal rod, and the left transverse cylinder can drive the left supporting angle aluminum to move left and right. A right transverse cylinder is fixed on the other longitudinal rod, and the right transverse cylinder can drive the right supporting angle aluminum to move left and right.

[0036] The shelling mechanism comprises: an upper left longitudinal cylinder, an upper left mechanical claw, a lower left mechanical claw and a lower left longitudinal cylinder which are arranged on the left supporting angle aluminum from top to bottom in sequence; an upper right longitudinal cylinder, an upper right mechanical claw, a lower right mechanical claw and a lower right longitudinal cylinder which are arranged on the right supporting angle aluminum from top to bottom in sequence;

[0037] The upper left longitudinal cylinder, the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the lower left longitudinal cylinder, the upper right longitudinal cylinder, the upper right mechanical claw, the lower right mechanical claw and the lower right longitudinal cylinder are all located between the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum;

[0038] The upper left longitudinal cylinder drives the upper left mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the upper left cylinder; the lower left longitudinal cylinder drives the lower left mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the lower left cylinder; the upper right longitudinal cylinder drives the upper right mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the upper right cylinder; the lower right longitudinal cylinder drives the lower right mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the lower right cylinder;

[0039] The upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are all fan-shaped. When the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are closed, the centers of the four fans are located at the same point.

[0040] The central angles of the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are all 85 degrees, and the arc lengths are all 16.3 mm.

[0041] The shell-kernel separation mechanism adopts a thin-wall structure, including a feed inlet and a discharge inlet; the feed inlet is located directly below the moving component mechanism;

[0042] The discharge port includes a shell discharge port and a kernel discharge port; the shell discharge port is located at the upper part of the shell-kernel separation mechanism, and the kernel discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell-kernel separation mechanism;

[0043] The feed inlet, the shell outlet, and the kernel outlet are respectively connected to the ends of three pipes of a three-way pipe;

[0044] A DC motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the end of the pipe connected to the kernel discharge port; the frame assembly comprises a base, four short columns perpendicular to the base are connected to the four corners of the base, and a crossbeam is connected between two adjacent short columns;

[0045] Two sets of conveying mechanisms are arranged on the frame assembly, and are respectively located on two sides of the moving assembly.

[0046] The shelling method implemented by the above device comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Put the shelled seeds into the storage trough, enter the Y-shaped straightening mechanism through the slide, and fall from the Y-shaped trough onto the feeding belt directly below;

[0048] (2) The shelled seeds gradually move forward under the action of the baffle on the feeding belt and reach the vicinity of the shelling mechanism;

[0049] (3) The moving assembly mechanism pushes the shelling mechanism to a position facing the intersection of the feed belt and the brush belt;

[0050] (4) The brush belt sweeps the shelled seeds between the two baffles of the feeding belt into the shelling mechanism through the brush wire;

[0051] (5) The upper left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, and the lower right mechanical claw are closed under the push of their respective cylinders;

[0052] (6) The left lateral cylinder and the right lateral cylinder of the moving assembly mechanism are contracted, driving the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum to move in the opposite direction, and the upper left mechanical claw and the lower left mechanical claw are separated from the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw, completing a shelling operation, and then the moving assembly mechanism and the shelling mechanism are reset;

[0053] (7) The shell-kernel mixture obtained during the shelling process freely falls to the shell-kernel separation mechanism for separation.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] The present invention adopts a bilateral symmetrical working mode. Two sets of conveying mechanisms respectively and simultaneously deliver the seeds to be shelled to the sweeping and conveying mechanism via the Y-shaped straightening mechanism. The brush belt in the sweeping and conveying mechanism operates non-intermittently, and the shelled seeds to be processed can be delivered to the shelling mechanism in time, thus avoiding the return waiting problem of the previous cylinder device and saving a lot of time.

[0056] The length of the cutter is lengthened on the basis of the original shelling mechanism, which facilitates the shelling of two shelled seeds at the same time and increases the shelling capacity of the device;

[0057] Add a shell-kernel separation mechanism, and use the difference in density and wind resistance between the kernel and the shell to separate the shell-kernel mixture in the shell-kernel separation structure pipeline under the action of the electric fan in the shell-kernel separation mechanism;

[0058] The invention has a simple and light structure, can fully realize the automation of shelling seeds with shells, has a low kernel breakage rate, is easy to operate, has a fast shelling speed and is highly efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic isometric diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional right view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-type straightening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the feeding belt structure of the scanning and feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the brush belt structure of the sweeping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell-kernel separation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the moving component mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shelling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] In the figure, 1-universal wheel; 2-frame assembly; 3-conveying mechanism; 4-synchronous wheel; 5-storage trough; 6-stepping motor; 7-moving assembly mechanism; 8-shell-kernel separation mechanism; 9-slide; 10-feeding belt; 11-shelling mechanism; 12-brush belt; 13-synchronous belt; 14-Y-type straightening mechanism; 15-angle aluminum; 16-feeding port; 17-feeding pipe; 18-end pipe; 19-kernel output pipe; 20-shell-kernel separation pipe; 21-kernel output pipe; 22-3030 industrial aluminum profile ;23-support seat;24-sliding block;25-fixed plate;26-horizontal cylinder;27-peeling mechanism;28-moving optical axis;29-balance angle aluminum;30-support angle aluminum;31-upper left longitudinal cylinder;32-upper left cylinder push;33-upper left mechanical claw;34-lower left mechanical claw;35-lower left cylinder push;36-lower left longitudinal cylinder;37-lower right longitudinal cylinder;38-lower right cylinder push;39-lower right mechanical claw;40-upper right mechanical claw;41 upper right cylinder push;42-upper right longitudinal cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, an automatic seed-saving shelling device of the present invention comprises a frame assembly 2, on which a conveying mechanism 3, a Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14, a sweeping mechanism (10, 12), a shelling mechanism 27, a moving assembly mechanism 7, a shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 and a control system are arranged, the end of the synchronous belt 13 with a baffle in the conveying mechanism 3 in the running direction is adjacent to the slideway 9 in the conveying mechanism 3, the end of the slideway 9 in the conveying mechanism 3 is adjacent to the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14, the feeding belt 10 in the sweeping mechanism (10, 12) is aligned with the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14 just above, and the sweeping mechanism (10, 12) is aligned with the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14 just above. The brush belt 12 in the mechanism (10, 12) is vertically aligned with the feed belt 10 in the sweeping mechanism (10, 12) directly below, the shelling mechanism 27 is located on one side of the feed belt 10 in the sweeping mechanism (10, 12), the moving component mechanism 7 surrounds and supports the shelling mechanism 27, the feed port 16 in the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 is partially located directly below the moving component mechanism 7, the control system is located on one side of the bottom of the frame component 2, and realizes the regular contraction of the cylinder and the operation and stop of the stepping motor 6 in the synchronous wheel 4 through corresponding control; in order to facilitate movement, a universal wheel 1 is arranged under the frame.

[0072] Further, the frame assembly 2 includes a base, two long columns and four short columns are connected to the base, cross beams are connected between the two long columns, between the four short columns, and between the long columns and the short columns, and a vertical support beam is connected between the long column on one side and the short column on the same side, wherein two adjacent support beams jointly support the conveying mechanism 3;

[0073] like Figure 8As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 includes a conveying mechanism support frame 22, a synchronous belt 13, a synchronous wheel 4, a stepping motor 6, a storage tank 5 and a slideway 9. The conveying mechanism support frame 22 is fixedly supported on the frame assembly 2 in an oblique manner; the synchronous belt 13 includes two synchronous belts with different circumferences, namely a long synchronous belt and a short synchronous belt, and a baffle of a certain size is evenly fixed on the far axis surface of the long synchronous belt. The long synchronous belt is driven by two synchronous wheels of equal diameter, namely a first synchronous wheel and a second synchronous wheel, and the diameters of the two are equal. The first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are supported on a support seat through a rotating shaft, and the support seat is fixed on the conveying mechanism support frame 22. The stepping motor 6 shaft is sleeved with a fourth synchronous wheel, which is connected to the third synchronous wheel through the short synchronous belt, wherein the third synchronous wheel is coaxially assembled with the second synchronous wheel. The discharge port of the storage tank 5 is located above the synchronous belt 13 with a baffle, and is fixed on the support frame 22 of the conveying mechanism corresponding to the synchronous belt 13. The upper end of the slide 9 is adjacent to the end of the synchronous belt 13 with a baffle in the running direction, and the lower end of the slide 9 is adjacent to the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14. The slide 9 is fixed on the support frame 22 of the conveying mechanism 3. Both ends of the slide 9 are provided with simple fixing devices, the upper end of which is fixed on the support frame 22, and the lower end is fixed at the oblique upper position of the Y-shaped straightening mechanism; the support frame 22 can be made of aluminum profiles or other profiles.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14 includes a Y-shaped groove, which adopts a thin-wall structure and is fixed on the frame assembly 2. The object on the slide falls from the outlet below the groove after hitting the groove-shaped thin wall.

[0075] The sweeping mechanism includes a feeding belt 10, a brush belt 12 and a stepping motor 6. Figure 5 As shown, the feed belt 10 is a synchronous belt, and a baffle of a certain size is evenly fixed on the far-axial surface of the synchronous belt; the feed belt 10 is aligned and assembled with the Y-shaped groove in the up-down direction; the feed belt 10 is driven by two stepper motors 6, and the two stepper motors 6 are aligned and assembled on a crossbeam, and the crossbeam is fixed on two columns through angle aluminum 15, and the two columns are symmetrically fixed on the frame assembly 2 through angle aluminum 15; Figure 6 As shown, the brush belt 12 is a synchronous belt, and brush filaments of a certain density are evenly distributed on the far-axial surface of the synchronous belt; the brush belt 12 is vertically assembled with the feed belt 10 in the upper and lower directions. The brush belt is driven by two stepper motors 6, and the two stepper motors 6 are aligned and assembled on a crossbeam, and the crossbeam is fixed to the support frame 22 of the conveying mechanism 3 through angle aluminum 15.

[0076] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10As shown, the shelling mechanism 11 includes an upper left longitudinal cylinder 31 and an upper left mechanical claw 33, a lower left longitudinal cylinder 36 and a lower left mechanical claw 34 fixed on the left supporting angle aluminum 30, an upper right longitudinal cylinder 42 and an upper right mechanical claw 40, and a lower right longitudinal cylinder 37 and a lower right mechanical claw 39 fixed on the right supporting angle aluminum 30. The upper left mechanical claw 33, the lower left mechanical claw 34, the upper right mechanical claw 40 and the lower right mechanical claw 39 are used in coordination under the push of the cylinder. The upper left mechanical claw 33, the lower left mechanical claw 34, the upper right mechanical claw 40 and the lower right mechanical claw 39 are all fan-shaped, and can form a circle when closed; the central angles of the upper left mechanical claw 33, the lower left mechanical claw 34, the upper right mechanical claw 40 and the lower right mechanical claw 39 are all 85 degrees, and the arc lengths are all 16.3 mm; the upper left longitudinal cylinder 31 is connected to the upper left mechanical claw through the upper left cylinder push 32, the upper right longitudinal cylinder 42 is connected to the upper right mechanical claw 40 through the upper right cylinder push 41, the lower left longitudinal cylinder is connected to the lower left mechanical claw through the lower left cylinder push 35, and the lower right longitudinal cylinder is connected to the lower right mechanical claw through the lower right cylinder push 38.

[0077] like Fig. 9 As shown, the moving component mechanism 7 includes an upper moving optical axis 28 and a lower moving optical axis 28, and the upper moving optical axis 28 and the lower moving optical axis 28 are provided with a symmetrical left supporting angle aluminum 30 and a right supporting angle aluminum 30 that can move left and right, the left supporting angle aluminum 30 is connected to the left transverse cylinder 26 pushing mechanism, and the right supporting angle aluminum 30 is connected to the right transverse cylinder 26 pushing mechanism; the left transverse cylinder 26 pushing mechanism includes a left cylinder push connected to the left supporting angle aluminum 30, the left cylinder push is connected to the left transverse cylinder 26, and the left transverse cylinder fixed The right horizontal cylinder 26 push mechanism is fixed on the left fixed plate 25, and includes a right cylinder push connected to the right supporting angle aluminum 30, the right cylinder push connected to the right horizontal cylinder 26, the right horizontal cylinder 26 is fixed on the right fixed plate 25, and the left fixed plate 25 and the right fixed plate 25 are fixed on the frame assembly 2; the upper moving optical axis 28 and the lower moving optical axis 28 are connected to the left supporting angle aluminum 30 and the right supporting angle aluminum 30 through the upper left sliding block 24, the upper right sliding block 24, the lower left sliding block 24 and the lower right sliding block 24 respectively. The left cylinder push and the right cylinder push are connected to the left and right supporting angle aluminums through the balancing angle aluminum 29.

[0078] like Figure 7As shown, the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 adopts a thin-walled structure, the feed port 16 in the shell-kernel separation structure is located directly below the moving assembly mechanism 7, the feed port 16 is connected to the shell-kernel separation pipe 20 through the feed pipe 17, and there are two discharge ports in the shell-kernel separation mechanism; the shell output pipe 21 in the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 is located at a position slightly above the shell-kernel separation structure 8, and its end is the shell discharge port, the kernel output pipe 19 in the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 is located near the bottom end of the shell-kernel separation structure 8, and its end is the kernel discharge port, and there are collection troughs for collecting materials directly below the shell discharge port and the kernel discharge port; the bottom end of the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 is fixed to the crossbeam 22 through a clamp, and the crossbeam 22 is fixed to the frame assembly 2 through an angle aluminum 15. In the shell-kernel separation mechanism, a DC motor is built in the end pipe 18, and an airflow is generated by the rotation of the DC motor fan blades, and the shell and kernel are separated according to the different buoyancy due to the difference in mass density.

[0079] The control system includes a controller module, a driver module, a relay module and a pneumatic electromagnetic reversing valve module; a part of the controller module is indirectly connected to the driver module through the relay module, and the motor group of the driver module makes corresponding action adjustments according to different signals from the controller module. Another part of the controller module is directly connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve, in which the electromagnetic reversing valve can make action changes according to the signal given by the controller module, thereby controlling the displacement of the cylinder assembly.

[0080] The shelling method implemented by the above device comprises the following steps:

[0081] (1) The shelled seeds enter the Y-shaped straightening mechanism 14 through the slide 9 and fall into the slot of the feeding belt 10 directly below through the Y-shaped groove;

[0082] (2) The shelled seeds gradually move forward under the action of the baffle in the feeding belt 10 and reach the vicinity of the shelling mechanism 11;

[0083] (3) The moving assembly mechanism 7 pushes the shelling mechanism 11 to a position facing the intersection of the feeding belt 10 and the brush belt 12;

[0084] (4) The brush belt 12 sweeps the shelled seeds between the two baffles of the feeding belt 10 into the shelling mechanism 11 through the brush wire;

[0085] (5) The upper left mechanical claw 33, the upper right mechanical claw 40, the lower left mechanical claw 39 and the lower right mechanical claw 39 are closed under the push of their respective cylinders; specifically, the upper left mechanical claw and the upper right mechanical claw move downward, and the lower left mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw move upward, and at the same time, the left lateral cylinder and the right lateral cylinder of the moving assembly mechanism extend, driving the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum to move toward each other, and the mechanical claws in the four directions are in a closed state and close together, but according to the actual size of the shelled seeds, the gap between them needs to be controlled when they are close together. When moving in the vertical direction, the range of motion of the lower mechanical claw is one third of the upper mechanical claw.

[0086] (6) The left lateral cylinder 26 and the right lateral cylinder 26 of the moving assembly mechanism 7 are contracted, driving the left supporting angle aluminum 30 and the right supporting angle aluminum 30 to move in the opposite direction, and the upper left mechanical claw 33 and the lower left mechanical claw 39 are separated from the upper right mechanical claw 40 and the lower right mechanical claw 39, and the shelled seeds are peeled, completing one shelling operation, and then the moving assembly structure 7 and the shelling mechanism 11 are reset;

[0087] (7) The shell-kernel mixture obtained during the shelling process freely falls to the shell-kernel separation mechanism 8 for separation and collection.

[0088] The invention discloses an automatic seed-keeping shelling device and a shelling method, comprising a frame assembly, characterized in that: the frame assembly is provided with a conveying mechanism, a Y-shaped straightening mechanism, a sweeping and feeding mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a moving assembly mechanism, a shell-kernel separation mechanism and a control system, the end of the synchronous belt with a baffle in the conveying mechanism in the running direction is adjacent to the slideway in the conveying mechanism, the end of the slideway in the conveying mechanism is adjacent to the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism, the feeding belt in the sweeping and feeding mechanism is aligned with the Y-shaped groove in the Y-shaped straightening mechanism just above, the brush belt in the sweeping and feeding mechanism is vertically aligned with the feeding belt in the sweeping and feeding mechanism just below, the shelling mechanism is located on one side of the feeding belt in the sweeping and feeding mechanism, the moving assembly mechanism surrounds and supports the shelling mechanism, the feed port part in the shell-kernel separation mechanism is located just below the moving assembly mechanism, the control system is located on one side of the bottom of the frame assembly, and realizes the regular contraction of the cylinder and the operation and stop of the stepping motor in the synchronous wheel through corresponding control.

[0089] The above technical solution is only one implementation mode of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the application methods and principles disclosed in the present invention, and it is not limited to the method described in the above specific implementation mode of the present invention. Therefore, the method described above is only preferred and does not have a restrictive meaning.

Claims

1. An automatic shelling device for seed peanuts, characterized by: The automatic seed-saving shelling device comprises a frame assembly, and a conveying mechanism, a straightening mechanism, a sweeping mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a moving assembly mechanism, and a shell-kernel separation mechanism arranged on the frame assembly; The conveying mechanism is arranged above the straightening mechanism; The sweeping and feeding mechanism is arranged below the straightening mechanism; The moving component mechanism is arranged on one side of the scanning and feeding mechanism; The shelling mechanism is arranged on the moving assembly mechanism; The shell-kernel separation mechanism is arranged below the shelling mechanism; The conveying mechanism includes a conveying support frame, which includes two parallel straight rods, both ends of which are fixed on the frame assembly respectively; the two straight rods are inclined from one end to the other end; A material storage trough is fixed on the straight rod, the bottom surface of the material storage trough is parallel to the two straight rods, and an opening is provided on the bottom surface of the material storage trough; A first synchronous wheel is arranged on the upper part of the straight rod, and a second synchronous wheel is arranged on the lower part of the straight rod. The diameters of the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are the same, and both ends of the rotating shafts of the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are respectively arranged on the two straight rods through fixed bearings; The first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are connected by a long synchronous belt; the long synchronous belt is located below the bottom surface of the material storage tank; The opening of the material storage tank, the long synchronous belt, and the gap between the two straight rods are aligned in sequence; Baffles are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the long synchronous belt, and each baffle is arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the long synchronous belt; The conveying mechanism further comprises a slideway, the upper end of which is fixed below the upper part of the straight rail and aligned with the end of the long synchronous belt in the running direction, and the lower end of which is fixed above the straightening mechanism; A stepping motor is installed at the lower part of the straight rod, and a third synchronous wheel and a fourth synchronous wheel are installed on one side of the straight rod; The third synchronous wheel is coaxially arranged with the second synchronous wheel; The fourth synchronous wheel is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor; The third synchronous wheel is connected to the fourth synchronous wheel via a short synchronous belt; The straightening mechanism includes a Y-shaped slot, which is fixed to the frame assembly; The Y-shaped groove adopts a thin-wall structure, with its opening end facing upward and aligned with the end of the slideway, and its outlet end facing downward; The sweeping and feeding mechanism comprises a feeding belt, a brush belt and a stepping motor; The feeding belt adopts a synchronous belt, and baffles are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt, and each baffle is arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the feeding belt; The feeding belt is arranged horizontally, and the plane where the feeding belt is located is parallel to the planes where the two straight rails are located respectively; The feeding belt is aligned with the outlet end of the Y-shaped groove; The brush belt adopts a synchronous belt, and brush filaments perpendicular to the brush belt are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt; The brush belt is located above the feeding belt and is vertically arranged with respect to the feeding belt; The moving assembly mechanism includes a moving assembly support frame, which is fixed in the middle of the frame assembly and includes two longitudinally arranged longitudinal rods and a transversely arranged crossbar, and the upper ends of the two longitudinal rods are respectively connected to the two ends of the crossbar; the plane where the moving assembly support frame is located is arranged parallel to the plane where the feeding belt is located; An upper moving optical axis and a lower moving optical axis are arranged on the moving component support frame, and the two are arranged in parallel and parallel to the crossbar. Both ends of the upper moving optical axis and the lower moving optical axis are respectively fixed on the moving component support frame, and the upper moving optical axis is located above the lower moving optical axis; The moving assembly mechanism includes a left supporting angle aluminum and a right supporting angle aluminum, both of which are arranged in parallel and parallel to the longitudinal rod; The upper and lower ends of the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum are respectively connected to the upper moving optical axis and the lower moving optical axis through sliders; A left transverse cylinder is fixed on one longitudinal rod, and the left transverse cylinder can drive the left supporting angle aluminum to move left and right. A right transverse cylinder is fixed on the other longitudinal rod, and the right transverse cylinder can drive the right supporting angle aluminum to move left and right. From top to bottom, the upper left longitudinal cylinder, the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw and the lower left longitudinal cylinder are sequentially arranged on the left supporting angle aluminum; from top to bottom, the upper right longitudinal cylinder, the upper right mechanical claw, the lower right mechanical claw and the lower right longitudinal cylinder are sequentially arranged on the right supporting angle aluminum; The upper left longitudinal cylinder, the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the lower left longitudinal cylinder, the upper right longitudinal cylinder, the upper right mechanical claw, the lower right mechanical claw and the lower right longitudinal cylinder are all located between the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum; The upper left longitudinal cylinder drives the upper left mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the upper left cylinder; the lower left longitudinal cylinder drives the lower left mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the lower left cylinder; the upper right longitudinal cylinder drives the upper right mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the upper right cylinder; the lower right longitudinal cylinder drives the lower right mechanical claw to move up and down by pushing the lower right cylinder; The upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are all fan-shaped, and when the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are closed, the centers of the four fans are located at the same point; The center angles of the upper left mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw are all 85 degrees, and the arc lengths are all 16.3 mm; The shell-kernel separation mechanism adopts a thin-wall structure, including a feed inlet and a discharge inlet; the feed inlet is located directly below the moving component mechanism; The discharge port includes a shell discharge port and a kernel discharge port; the shell discharge port is located at the upper part of the shell-kernel separation mechanism, and the kernel discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell-kernel separation mechanism; The feed inlet, shell outlet, and kernel outlet are respectively connected to the ends of three pipes of a three-way pipe; A DC motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the end of the pipe connected to the kernel discharge port; The frame assembly includes a base, four short columns perpendicular to the base are connected to the four corners of the base, and a crossbeam is connected between two adjacent short columns; Two sets of conveying mechanisms are arranged on the frame assembly, and are respectively located on two sides of the moving assembly.

2. The shelling method implemented by the automatic shelling device for seed-keeping peanuts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method comprises: (1) Put the shelled seeds into the storage trough, enter the Y-shaped straightening mechanism through the slide, and fall from the Y-shaped trough onto the feeding belt directly below; (2) The shelled seeds gradually move forward under the action of the baffle on the feeding belt and reach the vicinity of the shelling mechanism; (3) The moving assembly mechanism pushes the shelling mechanism to the position facing the intersection of the feeding belt and the brush belt; (4) The brush belt sweeps the shelled seeds between the two baffles of the feeding belt into the shelling mechanism through the brush wire; (5) The upper left mechanical claw, the upper right mechanical claw, the lower left mechanical claw, and the lower right mechanical claw are closed under the push of their respective cylinders; (6) The left lateral cylinder and the right lateral cylinder of the moving assembly mechanism contract, driving the left supporting angle aluminum and the right supporting angle aluminum to move in the opposite direction, and the upper left mechanical claw and the lower left mechanical claw are separated from the upper right mechanical claw and the lower right mechanical claw, completing a shelling operation, and then the moving assembly mechanism and the shelling mechanism are reset; (7) The shell-kernel mixture obtained during the shelling process falls freely to the shell-kernel separation mechanism for separation.

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