A dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator unit and multi-band array antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-polarized low-frequency dipole unit and a multi-band array antenna, which relates to the field of antenna dipole technology, including a box-type feeding dipole piece, a cross-shaped dipole arm, a base plate and a feeding needle; the box-type feeding dipole piece can not only effectively provide feeding balance, but also reduce the volume of the feeding structure; therefore, the structure can not only effectively reduce the influence of the feeding structure on the high-frequency dipole directional pattern, but also be more conducive to the layout of multi-frequency multi-array antennas; the dipole arm adopts a "cross"-shaped horizontal and vertical placement mode, combined with an arrangement mode in which the high-frequency dipole unit is placed on the angle formed by the four dipole arms of the low-frequency dipole unit, so that the high-frequency and low-frequency dipole units do not block each other, which is conducive to reducing the mutual coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency dipoles. The ends of adjacent dipole arms of different polarizations are interconnected, which is conducive to reducing the length and cross-section of the dipole arm, and can miniaturize the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna oscillators, and in particular to a dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit and a multi-band array antenna. Background Art

[0002] In this era of coexistence of 2G, 3G and 4G networks, multiple systems using different frequency bands exist at the same time, and base station antennas that can work in different frequency bands are needed. Using ordinary narrow-band antennas, a base station needs to be equipped with many sub-antennas, which increases system complexity and property costs. In order to reduce network construction costs, multi-frequency and multi-port antennas have become the best choice at present.

[0003] There are two arrangements of existing multi-frequency and multi-port antennas:

[0004] One is to use high and low frequency nesting, such as Figure 1 As shown. The high-frequency oscillator is in the middle of the low-frequency oscillator. This arrangement inevitably leads to a great mutual coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency oscillators, which causes the standing wave of the high-frequency oscillator placed in the middle of the low-frequency oscillator to deteriorate and deform the directivity pattern. The high-frequency oscillator placed outside the low-frequency oscillator is also significantly affected by the low-frequency oscillator arm, which has a smaller impact on the standing wave and isolation, but a greater impact on the directivity pattern. The high-frequency oscillator in the middle also affects the standing wave and isolation of the low-frequency oscillator. It is usually necessary to optimize the low-frequency oscillator and the high-frequency oscillator according to this arrangement, which is very technically difficult.

[0005] Another method is to arrange high and low frequencies side by side. Figure 2 As shown, this arrangement determines that the arm of the low-frequency vibrator must be placed above the high-frequency vibrator due to the feeding method of the low-frequency vibrator. The decoupling between the high and low frequency vibrators becomes a major problem. The mutual coupling causes the directivity patterns of the high and low frequency vibrators to suddenly deteriorate in certain frequency bands, causing the antenna performance at these frequencies to suddenly deteriorate. At the same time, the directivity pattern beam width of this low-frequency vibrator is relatively wide, which cannot meet the high performance indicators required by customers.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the problem of reasonable arrangement between high and low frequency oscillators in a multi-frequency multi-port antenna while solving the strong mutual coupling between the high and low frequency oscillators has become a difficult problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems of the background technology, the present invention provides a dual-polarized low-frequency vibrator unit and a multi-band array antenna. On the one hand, the use of "cross"-shaped horizontal and vertical vibrator arms and a small box-type feeding structure reduces the influence of the low-frequency vibrator on the high-frequency vibrator radiation pattern, which is beneficial to improving the isolation of the antenna and improving the overall performance of the antenna. On the other hand, the ends of adjacent vibrator arms with different polarizations are interconnected, which is beneficial to reducing the length and cross-section of the vibrator arms, thereby miniaturizing the antenna.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention proposes a dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit, comprising a box-type feeding oscillator plate, a cross-type oscillator arm, a base plate and a feeding pin; a cross-type oscillator arm is arranged at the upper end of the box-type feeding oscillator plate, a base plate is arranged under the box-type feeding oscillator plate, and the box-type feeding oscillator plate is connected to the feeding pin; the cross-type oscillator arm comprises two oscillator arms, each of which comprises a three-layer structure, wherein the three-layer structure comprises an upper circuit layer, a dielectric layer and a lower circuit layer; a pair of radiating arms are arranged at each end of the oscillator arm, each of which comprises an upper radiating arm and a lower radiating arm, the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm are connected through a via at an end away from the oscillator plate, and the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm are respectively connected to the balun layers of two adjacent oscillator plates at an end close to the oscillator plate.

[0010] Preferably, the box-type feeding vibrator plate comprises four vibrator plates orthogonally clamped at an angle of ±45 degrees relative to the edge of the cross-type vibrator arm; the vibrator plate comprises at least a three-layer structure, and the three-layer structure comprises a feed line layer, a dielectric layer and a balun layer.

[0011] Preferably, the vibrator plates have grooves and bosses for clamping in the middle of the dielectric layers of adjacent vibrator plates, and the upper and lower ends of the dielectric layers of the vibrator plates are provided with bosses for clamping with the cross-shaped vibrator arms and the base plate.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the dielectric layer is covered with a feed line layer, and the balun layer is arranged in the inner area of ​​the dielectric layer corresponding to the feed line layer area and the outer area of ​​the dielectric layer in the non-feed line layer area, the inner balun layer and the outer balun layer are connected by vias, and the feed line layer is connected to the separated feed line layer through a feed needle passing through the vibrator piece.

[0013] Preferably, the upper radiation arm is arranged on the upper circuit layer, and the lower radiation arm is arranged on the lower circuit layer.

[0014] Preferably, the dielectric layer is provided with a through hole for clamping with the upper end of the box-type feeding vibrator piece.

[0015] Preferably, the base plate is provided with a groove for clamping with the lower end of the box-shaped feeding vibrator piece.

[0016] The present invention also provides a multi-band array antenna, comprising:

[0017] Metal reflective panels;

[0018] A plurality of high frequency vibrator units; and

[0019] At least two dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units as described.

[0020] Preferably, a high-frequency vibrator unit and a dual-polarization low-frequency vibrator unit are disposed on the metal reflector without shielding, and the high-frequency vibrator unit is disposed at four area corners divided by the cross-shaped vibrator arms of the dual-polarization low-frequency vibrator unit.

[0021] Preferably, the dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals to form a low-frequency system, the high-frequency oscillator units are linearly arranged in pairs between the dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units, and at least four high-frequency oscillator units are arranged between two dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units.

[0022] Preferably, the row spacing between the high-frequency oscillator units is 0.5 times the row spacing between the dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator units.

[0023] Preferably, the dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit operates in a frequency band range of 694 to 960 MHz, and the high-frequency oscillator unit operates in a frequency band range of 1695 to 2690 MHz.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the use of a box-type feeding dipole piece can not only effectively provide feeding balance, but also reduce the volume of the feeding structure; therefore, the structure can not only effectively reduce the influence of the feeding structure on the high-frequency dipole radiation pattern, but also be more conducive to the layout of multi-frequency multi-array antennas; the dipole arm adopts a "cross"-shaped horizontal and vertical placement method, combined with the arrangement method of placing the high-frequency dipole unit on the angle formed by the four dipole arms of the low-frequency dipole unit, so that the high-frequency and low-frequency dipole units do not block each other, which is conducive to reducing the mutual coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency dipoles. The ends of adjacent dipole arms of different polarizations are interconnected, which is conducive to reducing the length and cross-section of the dipole arm, and can make the antenna miniaturized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an existing multi-frequency and multi-port structure;

[0027] Figure 2 It is another existing schematic diagram of the structure of multi-frequency and multi-port;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-frequency oscillator unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a low-frequency oscillator unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a low-frequency vibrator unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagrams of the exploded structure of a low-frequency oscillator unit in an embodiment of the present invention from different viewing angles, wherein FIG (a) is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure viewed from the bottom to the top, and FIG (b) is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure viewed from the top to the bottom;

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-band array antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Explanation of symbols:

[0034] 1-box-type feeding oscillator piece, 2-base plate, 3-feeding needle, 4-cross-shaped oscillator arm, 5-metal reflector, 6-dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit, 7-high-frequency oscillator unit, 11-oscillator piece, 12-balun layer, 13-feeding line layer, 111-groove, 112-boss, 113-first boss, 114-second boss, 41-radiating arm, 411-upper radiating arm, 412-lower radiating arm, 42-through hole, 21-groove, 22-mounting hole;

[0035] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0039] The present invention proposes a dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit;

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, it includes a box-type feeding vibrator piece 1, a cross-type vibrator arm 4, a base plate 2 and a feeding pin 3; the cross-type vibrator arm 4 is arranged at the upper end of the box-type feeding vibrator piece 1, the base plate 2 is arranged under the box-type feeding vibrator piece 1, and the box-type feeding vibrator piece 1 is connected to the feeding pin 3; Figure 4 As shown, the box-type feeding vibrator plate 1 includes four vibrator plates 11 that are orthogonally connected at an angle of ±45 degrees relative to the edges of the cross-type vibrator arms 4. The vibrator plate 11 is made of a PCB board and includes a three-layer structure, such as Figure 5 As shown, the three-layer structure includes a feed line layer 13, a dielectric layer and a balun layer 12; a groove 111 and a boss 112 for clamping are provided in the middle of the dielectric layer of adjacent vibrator plates 11, and the clamping position thereof makes any two non-adjacent vibrator plates 11 parallel to each other, and any two adjacent vibrator plates 11 are perpendicular to each other, and the four vibrator plates 11 form a box-type feeding vibrator plate 1; the tops of the four vibrator plates 11 are provided with a first boss 113, and the bottoms are provided with a second boss 114.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-shaped dipole arm 4 includes two dipole arms in a "cross" shape, one of which is in a horizontal direction and the other is in a vertical direction, so as to form two pairs of orthogonal symmetrical radiation combinations. The dipole arm 4 is made of a PCB board, including an upper circuit layer, a dielectric layer and a lower circuit layer; Figure 4 As described above, a pair of radiation arms 41 are respectively arranged at both ends of each dipole arm 4. Figure 6 As shown in the middle figure (a) and figure (b), each pair of radiating arms 41 includes an upper radiating arm 411 and a lower radiating arm 412. The upper and lower radiating arms are connected through three vias at the end away from the vibrator plate, and the upper and lower radiating arms are connected to the balun 12 of the vibrator plate at the end close to the vibrator plate. The upper radiating arm 411 is located in the upper circuit layer of the vibrator arm 4, and the lower radiating arm 412 is located in the lower circuit layer of the vibrator arm 4. Figure 4As described above, four through holes 42 are provided on the dielectric layer of each vibrator arm 4, and the through holes 42 correspond to the first boss 113 on the top of the vibrator plate 11, so that the vibrator arm 4 and the corresponding vibrator plate 11 can be plugged together, and at the same time, conditions are created for the electrical connection between the upper and lower radiation arms on the vibrator arm 4 and the balun 12 on the vibrator plate 11.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the outer side of the dielectric layer of the oscillator piece 11 is covered with a feed line layer 13, and the balun layer 12 is distributed on the inner side of the dielectric layer of the oscillator piece where the feed line layer 13 is present, and is distributed on the outer side of the dielectric layer of the oscillator piece 11 at the top where there is no feed line layer 13. The balun layer 12 between the two side surfaces is connected through vias, and this distribution facilitates the connection between the upper and lower radiation arms on the oscillator arm 4 and the balun layer 12 on the oscillator piece 11; the feed line layer 13 is connected to its non-adjacent feed line layer through the feed needle 3 passing through the oscillator piece. Since the feed line layer is connected across two non-adjacent baluns, a potential difference is formed, so that equal and opposite currents are generated on the two non-adjacent baluns, so that equal amplitude and in-phase feed currents can be provided to two adjacent horizontal and vertical pairs of radiation arms at the same time, forming ±45 degree polarized radiation.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the base plate 2 is provided with a groove 21 matching the second boss 114, and the bottoms of the four vibrator plates 11 are plugged into the base plate 2 through the matching of the second boss 114 and the groove 21. Figure 4 As shown. The base plate 2 is also provided with 6 mounting holes 22 so that the entire oscillator unit can be fixed to the bottom plate of the antenna. The base plate 2 is made of a printed circuit board, and its surface adjacent to the antenna bottom plate is covered with copper foil, and a layer of green oil is covered on the copper foil, which not only avoids the direct contact between the copper foil and the bottom plate to cause passive intermodulation degradation, but also realizes the electrical coupling connection between the base plate and the bottom plate, thereby forming a common signal ground layer. At the same time, the balun 12 of the oscillator sheet is electrically connected to the copper foil on the base plate 2 through the groove 21 to realize the connection between the balun and the common signal ground.

[0044] The present invention also proposes a multi-band array antenna, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes: a metal reflector 5, a plurality of high-frequency oscillator units 7 and at least two dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units 6; the low-frequency oscillator units 6 are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals to form a low-frequency system; the high-frequency oscillator units 7 are placed at four area corners divided by the cross-shaped oscillator arms of the two oscillator arms of the low-frequency oscillator unit 6, and the high-frequency oscillator units 7 are linearly placed side by side between the low-frequency oscillator units 6 in pairs, and there are at least four high-frequency oscillator units 7 between the two low-frequency oscillator units 6;

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the row spacing of the high-frequency oscillator unit 7 is 0.5 times that of the low-frequency oscillator unit. The high-frequency oscillator units in the same column belong to one system, and the low-frequency oscillator units in the same column belong to one system, and the entire antenna constitutes a three-band antenna. The upper and lower high-frequency oscillator units in the same column may also belong to different systems, and the entire antenna constitutes a five-band antenna. The dual-polarized antenna unit 6 operates in the frequency band range of 694 to 960 MHz, and the high-frequency oscillator unit 7 operates in the frequency band range of 1695 to 2690 MHz.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit, characterized in that: It comprises a box-type feeding vibrator piece, a cross-type vibrator arm, a base plate and a feeding pin; a cross-type vibrator arm is arranged at the upper end of the box-type feeding vibrator piece, a base plate is arranged under the box-type feeding vibrator piece, and the box-type feeding vibrator piece is connected to the feeding pin; the cross-type vibrator arm comprises two vibrator arms, each of which comprises a three-layer structure, and the three-layer structure comprises an upper circuit layer, a dielectric layer and a lower circuit layer; a pair of radiating arms is arranged at each end of the vibrator arm, each of which comprises an upper radiating arm and a lower radiating arm, the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm are connected through a via at the end away from the vibrator piece, and the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm are respectively connected to the balun layers of two adjacent vibrator pieces at the end close to the vibrator piece; The two vibrator arms are in a "cross" shape, one of the vibrator arms is in a horizontal direction, and the other vibrator arm is in a vertical direction; The box-type feeding dipole piece comprises four dipole pieces which are orthogonally connected at an angle of ±45 degrees relative to the edge of the cross-shaped dipole arm; the dipole piece comprises at least a three-layer structure, and the three-layer structure comprises a feed line layer, a dielectric layer and a balun layer; The low-frequency oscillator generates ±45 degree polarized radiation.

2. The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrator sheet has grooves and bosses for clamping in the middle of the dielectric layers of adjacent vibrator sheets, and the upper and lower ends of the dielectric layers of the vibrator sheet are both provided with bosses for clamping with the cross-shaped vibrator arm and the base plate.

3. The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the dielectric layer is covered with a feed line layer, and the balun layer is arranged in the inner area of ​​the dielectric layer corresponding to the feed line layer area and the outer area of ​​the dielectric layer in the non-feed line layer area. The inner balun layer and the outer balun layer are connected through a via hole, and the feed line layer is connected to the separated feed line layer through a feed needle passing through the vibrator plate.

4. The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper radiation arm is arranged on the upper circuit layer, and the lower radiation arm is arranged on the lower circuit layer.

5. The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric layer is provided with a through hole for clamping with the upper end of the box-type feeding vibrator piece.

6. The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a groove for clamping with the lower end of the box-shaped feeding vibrator piece.

7. A multi-band array antenna, characterized in that: include: Metal reflective panels; Multiple high-frequency oscillator units; as well as At least two dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The multi-band array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metal reflector is provided with a high-frequency vibrator unit and a dual-polarization low-frequency vibrator unit without shielding, and the high-frequency vibrator unit is arranged at four area corners divided by the cross-shaped vibrator arms of the dual-polarization low-frequency vibrator unit.

9. The multi-band array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units are arranged in a straight line with equal spacing to form a low-frequency system. The high-frequency oscillator units are linearly arranged in pairs between the dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units. At least four high-frequency oscillator units are arranged between two dual-polarized low-frequency oscillator units.

10. The multi-band array antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The row spacing between the high-frequency oscillator units is 0.5 times the row spacing between the dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator units.

11. The multi-band array antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The dual-polarization low-frequency oscillator unit operates in a frequency band range of 694 to 960 MHz, and the high-frequency oscillator unit operates in a frequency band range of 1695 to 2690 MHz.

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