A tension leg anchor system submersible and buoyant wave-breaking device and breakwater

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tension-leg anchor system submersible floating wave-breaking device and breakwater, comprising a main body, a main float, a first float, a second float, a tension-leg assembly, an anchor body and a damping plate. The main body comprises a wave-breaking plate, the first float is arranged on the wave-breaking plate, the main float and the second float are arranged on the main body, the main float, the first float and the second float form a triangle, the damping plate is rotatably connected to the main body, the wave-breaking plate and the damping plate are provided with through holes, and the anchor body is connected to the damping plate via the tension-leg assembly. The entire system of the present invention is made of less materials, is light in weight, is easy to install and move, has good economy and is convenient to maintain; the cables are evenly dispersed and are subjected to less alternating loads; in extreme sea conditions, the cables can be retracted to make the breakwater dive, reduce stress, improve safety and facilitate operation; when the system collapses, the breakwater has a small mass and causes little damage to the protected water structure; the wave-breaking effect is good and the system can be automatically raised and lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, and in particular to a tension leg anchor submersible and buoyant wave-breaking device and a breakwater. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters defend against the invasion of waves and form hydraulic structures required for sheltering water areas. Located on the periphery of the port waters, they also prevent the invasion of drifting sand and ice, ensuring that the port has sufficient water depth and a smooth water surface to meet the requirements of ships anchoring, loading and unloading operations, and entering and leaving the port. Among breakwaters, there is a kind of floating breakwater, namely floating breakwater, which consists of a floating body and an anchoring device and can reduce surface wave energy. The floating structure includes rafts, air bags, empty boxes or other special shapes, and is usually anchored to a sinker. The advantages of floating breakwaters are that they are not affected by the seabed geology and water depth, and the construction cost is low in deep water areas; they are easy to transport, easy to build and dismantle quickly; the structure has little impact on water circulation, biological exchange, and sediment flow, and has environmental advantages. However, existing floating breakwaters have the following defects: 1. Floating breakwaters have a high transmittance to long waves, which affects the wave-breaking effect; 2. The suspended chain anchor system is subject to large impact loads and has low reliability, resulting in poor safety for itself and the protected water facilities; 3. The rigid floating body and anchor system structure are huge, making installation and control difficult and the cost high; 4. There is no emergency avoidance function in high sea conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a tension leg anchor submersible wave-breaking device and breakwater with good wave-breaking performance, high safety, low manufacturing difficulty and cost, and the ability to take emergency precautions in high sea conditions.

[0004] The specific technical solution is as follows: A tension leg anchor submersible floating wave-breaking device, including a main body, a main float, a first float, a second float, a tension leg assembly, an anchor body and a damping plate. The main body includes a wave breakers, the first float is arranged on the wave breakers, the main floats and the second floats are arranged on the main body, the main floats, the first floats and the second floats form a triangle, the damping plate is rotatably connected to the main body, the wave breakers and the damping plate are provided with through holes, and the anchor body is connected to the damping plate through the tension leg assembly.

[0005] The following are the subsidiary technical solutions of the present invention.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the tension leg assembly includes a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley and a cable, the first fixed pulley is arranged on the damping plate, the second fixed pulley is arranged on the anchor body, and the cable is passed between the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the first fixed pulley is arranged on the top or bottom of the damping plate, and there are at least two first fixed pulleys.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the damping plate is provided with a hanging ring, and the cable is passed through the hanging ring.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the main body includes a first support rod, a second support rod, a first reinforcement rod and a second reinforcement rod, the first support rod is arranged between the second floating body and the wave breakers, the second support rod is arranged between the second floating body and the main floating body, multiple first support rods are arranged in parallel, multiple second support rods are arranged in parallel, the first reinforcement rod is arranged between the wave breakers and the first support rod, the second reinforcement rod is arranged between the wave breakers and the second floating body, multiple first reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel, and multiple second reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel.

[0010] As a preferred solution, bearings are provided at both ends of the main floating body, and the wave-breaking plate and the damping plate are connected through the bearings.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the wave breaking board has a wave facing surface, and the first floating body is arranged on the wave facing surface.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the included angle between the damping plate and the wave-breaking plate is an obtuse angle, and the damping plate is vertically arranged below the main floating body.

[0013] A breakwater includes the above-mentioned tension leg anchor submersible floating wave-breaking device, multiple tension leg anchor submersible floating wave-breaking devices are connected by a single cable, a first fixed pulley is provided on the damping plate, a second fixed pulley is provided on the anchor body, the cable is passed between the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley, and flexible connectors are provided between adjacent tension leg anchor submersible floating wave-breaking devices.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the breakwater includes a winch, one end of the cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is fixed to a lifting ring.

[0015] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows: the tension leg anchor system of the present invention is a submersible floating wave-breaking device and a breakwater. The entire system is made of less material, is light in weight, is easy to install and move, has good economy and convenient maintenance; the anchor system is semi-compliant and semi-rigid, the breakwater only performs horizontal reciprocating motion, the cables are evenly dispersed, the alternating load is small, and the safety is high; under extreme sea conditions, the cables can be retracted to make the breakwater dive, reduce the stress, improve safety and facilitate operation; when the system collapses, the breakwater has a small mass and causes little damage to the protected water structure; multiple wave-breaking principles work together to achieve a good wave-breaking effect; it can be automatically raised and lowered and is not affected by tides. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a tension leg anchor submersible and buoyant wave-breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a tension leg anchor submersible and buoyant wave-breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tension leg anchor submersible buoyant wave-breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is displaced by wave impact.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a winch according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The essential features and advantages of the present invention are further described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples listed.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a tension leg anchor submersible floating wave-breaking device 100 of the present embodiment includes a main body 1, a main float 2, a first float 3, a second float 4, a tension leg assembly 5, an anchor body 6 and a damping plate 7. The main body 1 includes a wave-breaking plate 11, the first float 3 is arranged on the wave-breaking plate 11, the main float 2 and the second float 4 are arranged on the main body 1, and the main float, the first float and the second float form a triangle. The damping plate 12 is rotatably connected to the main body 1, and the wave-breaking plate 10 and the damping plate 7 are provided with a through hole 71, and the anchor body 6 is connected to the damping plate through the tension leg assembly 5. Through the above technical solution, the anchor body is set at the bottom of the water, and when the wave-breaking device is placed in the water, the first and second floats are located on the water surface, and the damping plate is vertically located below the water surface. When the surge contacts the wave-breaking device ( Figure 1 (The direction of the arrow is the surge direction), the water level on the wave-facing side rises, the first float is forced to float up, and limited by the length of the tension leg assembly, the wave-breaking plate is impacted by the waves on the water surface and rotates, causing the second float to move into the water. The second float generates buoyancy and begins to prevent further rotation. The water flows through the through hole at a certain speed to the back-wave side, forming turbulent energy dissipation. When the wave disappears, the second float can reset the wave-breaking plate to a balanced position. Since the wave-breaking plate can rotate relative to the damping plate, it can dissipate part of the impact energy by rotating when it is impacted. Damping plates and wave-breaking plates are arranged at the bottom of the wave-breaking device. The damping plates can form a damping effect, reduce the penetration of potential waves, and enhance the wave-breaking ability, especially the wave-breaking ability for long waves. The damping plates and wave-breaking plates can reflect waves and dissipate wave energy. The tension leg assembly (TLA) has a response lag, and the periodic variations in wave forces cause periodic variations in the horizontal direction of the wave-breaking device. When the main body is impacted by waves, it experiences horizontal displacement. The restoring force provided by the TLA dynamically balances the wave force, creating a phase shift in the hydrodynamic force, disrupting the wave vibration cycle and reducing system resonance. The provision of through-holes reduces water level fluctuations on both sides of the wave-breaking device, reducing the impact on the damping plates and wave breakers, generating turbulence, and dissipating wave energy.

[0023] In this embodiment, the tension leg assembly 5 comprises a first fixed pulley 51, a second fixed pulley 52, and a cable 53. The first fixed pulley 51 is mounted on the damping plate 7, the second fixed pulley 52 is mounted on the anchor body 6, and the cable 53 is threaded between the first and second fixed pulleys. Through this technical solution, the damping plate can be raised and lowered by retracting and extending the cable, thereby raising and lowering the main body. The tension leg assembly is semi-compliant and semi-rigid, enabling horizontal reciprocating motion of the wave-breaking device when impacted by waves. The cable load is evenly distributed, with minimal alternating loads and high safety.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first fixed pulley 51 is arranged at the top or bottom of the damping plate 7, and there are at least two first fixed pulleys. In this embodiment, the first fixed pulley is arranged at the top of the damping plate, and the two first fixed pulleys are respectively arranged on both sides of the damping plate.

[0025] In this embodiment, the damping plate 7 is provided with a lifting ring 8, and the cable 53 is passed through the lifting ring 8. The lifting ring can limit the cable to prevent the cable from drifting and loosening. In this embodiment, the wave-proof device has two lifting rings, which are provided below the damping plate.

[0026] In this embodiment, the main body 1 includes a first support rod 11, a second support rod 12, a first reinforcement rod 13, and a second reinforcement rod 14. The first support rod 12 is arranged between the second buoy 4 and the wavebreak 10, and the second support rod 12 is arranged between the second buoy 4 and the main buoy 2. Multiple first support rods 11 are arranged in parallel, and multiple second support rods 12 are arranged in parallel. The first reinforcement rod 13 is arranged between the wavebreak and the first support rod 11, and the second reinforcement rod 14 is arranged between the wavebreak and the second buoy 4. Multiple first reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel, and multiple second reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel. Through the above technical solution, the main body can be formed into a rigid truss, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the main body.

[0027] In this embodiment, bearings 15 are provided at both ends of the main buoy 1, and the wavebreak 10 and the damping plate 7 are connected by the bearings 15, thereby enabling the wavebreak and the damping plate to rotate relative to each other. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other rotational structures known in the art can be used to achieve relative rotation between the wavebreak and the damping plate, and the bearings can also be provided on the damping plate or the wavebreak.

[0028] In this embodiment, the wavebreak 10 has a wave-facing surface 101, with the first float 3 disposed on the wave-facing surface. When waves strike the wave-facing surface, the first float acts as a wavebreaker. The first floats can be arranged in sections and cross-sections to enhance the wave-breaking effect. The first floats can be composed of staggered small floats. Furthermore, when waves strike the wave-facing surface, the water level in front of the wave-facing surface is higher than that behind it, causing the first float to flex and act.

[0029] In this embodiment, the included angle between the damping plate 7 and the wave-breaking plate 10 is an obtuse angle, and the damping plate 7 is vertically arranged below the main floating body.

[0030] A breakwater comprises a tension-leg anchored submersible floating wave-breaking device 100. Multiple tension-leg anchored submersible floating wave-breaking devices are connected by a single cable. A first fixed pulley 51 is provided on a damping plate, a second fixed pulley 52 is provided on an anchor body 6, a cable 53 is threaded between the first and second fixed pulleys, and flexible connectors 20 are provided between adjacent tension-leg anchored submersible floating wave-breaking devices. This technical solution enables multiple tension-leg anchored submersible floating wave-breaking devices to be connected in series to form a breakwater, allowing the entire device to rise or descend. The flexible connector is a flexible connection device, and an existing flexible connector, such as a rope, can be used.

[0031] In this embodiment, the breakwater includes a winch 9, one end of a cable 53 being connected to the winch and the other end being fixed to a lifting ring 8. One end of the cable passes through the first and second fixed pulleys and lifting rings of multiple tension leg anchor submersible buoyant breakwater devices in sequence, and is then fastened to the last lifting ring. The winch can be used to pull the cable, thereby changing the cable length between the first and second fixed pulleys and raising and lowering the breakwater.

[0032] The breakwater of this embodiment can be equipped with a water level measuring device. The measured water level information is sent to a winch, which automatically retracts and extends the cable according to the water level information. The winch can be installed on the shore or on the dike head floating body 30. The dike head floating body is as small as possible to reduce the impact of waves. The cable of the winch of the dike head floating body passes through the end of the dike and then passes downward through the lifting ring to the fixed pulley of the anchor body, and then returns to the lifting ring. The water level measuring device can also be installed on the dike head floating body. The dike head floating body is equipped with a power supply (which can use mains electricity or wave power generation), a motor, and a control box, so that the automatic control operation of the winch can be realized.

[0033] When transporting the breakwater, floats can be attached to the main structure, increasing the overall buoyancy to a greater value than the anchor. This allows the anchor to clear the water surface during retraction, facilitating installation and relocation. Once the structure is fully towed, the cables are released, allowing the anchor to sink to the bottom, while the main structure floats freely on the surface. The additional floats are then removed. The main structure is retracted until it submerges, with both the first and second floats touching the water surface. Automatic control can be set to release the cables at high tide and retract them at low tide, minimizing tidal fluctuations.

[0034] The breakwater of this embodiment can set the opening rate of the wave-breaking plate and the damping plate, the structural size of the main body, the buoyancy size, the wave-facing angle according to the sea area, wave type, location, wave absorption coefficient requirements, etc., and can be arranged in multiple rows.

[0035] The tension leg anchor system of the present embodiment is a submersible floating wave-breaking device and a breakwater. The entire system is made of less material, is light in weight, is easy to install and move, has good economy and convenient maintenance; the anchor system is semi-compliant and semi-rigid, the breakwater only makes horizontal reciprocating motion, the cables are evenly dispersed, the alternating load is small, and the safety is high; under extreme sea conditions, the cables can be retracted to make the breakwater dive, reduce the stress, improve safety and facilitate operation; when the system collapses, the breakwater has a small mass and causes little damage to the protected water structure; multiple wave-breaking principles work together to achieve a good wave-breaking effect; it can be automatically raised and lowered and is not affected by tides.

[0036] It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tension leg anchor submersible wave-breaking device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body, a main floating body, a first floating body, a second floating body, a tension leg assembly, an anchor body and a damping plate. The main body comprises a wave breaking plate. The first floating body is arranged on the wave breaking plate. The main floating body and the second floating body are arranged on the main body. The main floating body, the first floating body and the second floating body form a triangle. The damping plate is rotatably connected to the main body. The wave breaking plate and the damping plate are provided with through holes. The anchor body is connected to the damping plate through the tension leg assembly. The tension leg assembly includes a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley and a cable, wherein the first fixed pulley is arranged on the damping plate, the second fixed pulley is arranged on the anchor body, and the cable is passed between the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley. The main body includes a first support rod, a second support rod, a first reinforcement rod and a second reinforcement rod. The first support rod is arranged between the second floating body and the wave breakers, the second support rod is arranged between the second floating body and the main floating body, multiple first support rods are arranged in parallel, multiple second support rods are arranged in parallel, the first reinforcement rod is arranged between the wave breakers and the first support rod, the second reinforcement rod is arranged between the wave breakers and the second floating body, multiple first reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel, and multiple second reinforcement rods are arranged in parallel.

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