A surgical instrument for vaginal canal excision of uterine cancer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and specifically comprises a fixing unit and a cutting unit. The present application firstly proposes an intravaginal circumcision procedure, in which the vaginal canal is fixed on the inner wall of the vaginal canal. On the one hand, the vaginal canal has sealed the uterus before being cut, and on the other hand, the uterus to be removed is fixed to the instrument in advance, and can be directly pulled out by the instrument after the cutting procedure is completed, without the need for additional clamps to clamp and pull. The procedure is simple and reliable, and the possibility of cancer cells falling is eliminated from the root. In addition, the cutting procedure is completed directly from the vaginal canal, which is different from the traditional cutting method from the outer wall of the vaginal canal, and the convenience of the operation is obvious at a glance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a special surgical instrument for vaginal canal excision of uterine cancer. Background Art

[0002] Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in my country. Most cervical cancers are found in stage I and II, and surgery is the main treatment for this stage. In the past 20 years, laparoscopic surgery (including traditional laparoscopy and robot-assisted laparoscopy) has gradually replaced open surgery and has become the dominant surgical method due to its advantages of precision, safety, fast recovery, and short hospital stay. However, in 2018, two very important studies found that the recurrence and survival rates after laparoscopic surgery were significantly lower than those after open surgery, which caused an uproar in the international obstetrics and gynecology community. After controversial discussions, several issues in the laparoscopic surgery steps were considered to be the key to the problem.

[0003] Among them, the way of disconnecting the vagina under laparoscopy varies according to the doctor's personal habits, and often cannot firmly follow the principle of no tumor, so that the cancer lesions are exposed to the abdominal cavity, greatly increasing the risk of tumor cell dissemination. This problem is also emphasized in the "Several Opinions of Chinese Experts on Issues Related to Laparoscopic Surgery for Cervical Cancer" just released. How to isolate the tumor on the cervix and its surface and disconnect the vagina without tumor is a crucial link in reducing the risk of tumor dissemination. However, performing tumor-free operations based solely on the doctor's personal habits cannot guarantee the effect of disconnecting the vagina and removing the uterus without tumor every time. For example, the traditional surgical process is that after the ultrasonic knife cuts the vaginal canal, the channel leading to the cervix from the vaginal canal is completely or semi-open in the abdominal cavity. Under the squeezing of the uterine manipulator and the clamping action of the dragging clamp inserted here, there is a great possibility that cancer cells will fall and spread. Therefore, it is the main goal of the present invention to ensure that the vagina is disconnected and the uterus is removed in a standardized manner without tumors to the greatest extent, that is, to reliably close the vaginal canal during the operation and perfectly complete the final step.

[0004] The final step of early cervical cancer surgery is to cut off the vagina and remove the uterus. The scope of early cervical cancer surgery includes sub-radical hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy. The length of vaginal resection is 1-2 cm at the upper end and 3 cm at the upper end, respectively. In the past, it was completely based on the doctor's experience and judgment. Combined with the elasticity of the tissue, the cutting length was not accurate enough. Therefore, ensuring that the vaginal wall is cut without tumors while accurately measuring the length of the vagina removed is another goal of the present invention.

[0005] After the vagina is cut off under laparoscopy, even if the cervix and the tumor lesions on its surface are isolated, the entire removed uterus is still located in the pelvic and abdominal cavity. When it is removed by clamping forceps, the uterus will often rotate in the pelvic and abdominal cavity, increasing the chance of tumor dissemination. Therefore, quickly, conveniently and accurately removing the uterus is another goal of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, which innovatively proposes the concept of intravaginal circumcision, and separates the inner cavity of the vaginal canal while fixing the vaginal canal to the shaft tube, that is, the part to be severed is pre-fixed to the inner end of the surgical instrument, and the cervix with the disease is completely sealed and isolated, so as to achieve tumor-free and standardized uterine resection from the source. After the cutting unit completes the cutting, there is no need to insert a clamp to pull the severed uterus out of the body, and it can be achieved by simply dragging the shaft tube outward. The operation is quick and convenient, and the rotation of the uterus in the abdominal cavity after the uterus is severed is avoided, thereby reducing the risk of cancer cells falling.

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the vaginal canal fracture in hysterectomy surgery cannot be completely closed or is in a semi-closed state, the cutting and removal steps are discontinuous, and there is a high risk of cancer cells falling and spreading, the present invention provides a uterine cancer vaginal canal resection surgical instrument, which specifically includes a fixing unit, a shaft tube and a cutting unit;

[0008] A fixing unit, which is disposed on the shaft tube and located between the inner end of the shaft tube and the cutting unit, and is used to fix the vaginal tube during surgery;

[0009] A cutting unit is arranged on the shaft tube and is used for being placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal tube and cutting the vaginal tube along the circumference during surgery.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the fixing unit includes a binding band and an expansion unit;

[0011] A bandage, the bandage having a connecting piece for looping and connecting the two ends of the bandage, and used for looping around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery;

[0012] An expansion unit is sleeved on the shaft tube and located between the inner end surface of the shaft tube and the cutting unit, and is placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal tube during surgery. The expansion action of the expansion unit blocks and separates the inner cavity of the vaginal tube from the position of the expansion unit, thereby achieving a closed treatment of the uterus. At the same time, the outer periphery of the expansion unit expands outward to press the vaginal tube against the inner circle surface of the bandage wrapped around the outer periphery of the vaginal tube, thereby achieving a reliable closure and fixing the uterus to be cut and separated at the inner end of the instrument, so as to facilitate direct traction and removal at a later time.

[0013] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer. Taking into account the requirements for expansion accuracy and sealing, the present application adopts an expansion chute structure with higher expansion accuracy and an annular baffle specially provided for axial sealing, wherein the expansion unit includes an annular baffle and an expansion chute structure, the expansion chute structure is sleeved on the shaft tube, and the annular baffle is sleeved on the shaft tube and arranged on the inner end surface of the expansion chute structure.

[0014] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, taking into account the practicality and simplicity of the structure, wherein the expansion unit includes an expansion ring and an annular airbag a, the expansion ring is surrounded by a number of independent expansion blocks, the annular airbag a is arranged between the expansion ring and the shaft tube, the annular airbag a penetrates the shaft tube through the trachea, and is led to the outer end of the shaft tube through the inner cavity of the shaft tube, wherein a one-way valve structure is arranged in the trachea pipeline; its specific working method is to pump air into the annular airbag a through an air pump device connected to the trachea, the annular airbag a is inflated, its inner ring presses against the shaft tube, and the outer ring presses outward against the expansion ring, thereby pushing the expansion to expand radially outward, and finally pressing the vaginal canal wall against the inner circle surface of the bandage.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, which, in order to limit the radial outward expansion of the expansion block so as not to cause displacement, also includes a slide rail and a groove group, the slide rail and the groove group includes a groove plate and a slide rail, the slide rail is radially arranged on the inner end face and / or the outer end face of the expansion block, the groove plate has a groove corresponding to the slide rail in the radial direction, and the groove plate is sleeved on the shaft tube.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the cutting unit includes an extension mechanism and a circumferential cutter, the extension mechanism is arranged on the shaft tube, and the circumferential cutter is connected to the extension mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the cutting unit comprises an extension structure, a blade body, a blade holder and a rotating structure; the blade body is assembled on the blade holder, the inner edge of the rotating structure is rotatably sleeved on the shaft tube, and the outer edge is fixedly connected to the blade holder, the extension structure is arranged between the blade body and the rotating structure, and is used to push the blade body out of the blade holder and pierce the vaginal canal through the extension structure during surgery, and also includes a reset spring, which is installed between the blade body and the blade holder, and is used to push the blade body pushed out of the outer ring surface of the blade holder back into the blade holder after cutting is completed.

[0018] Preferably, the surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer provided by the present invention takes into account the uneven thickness of the vaginal canal and the laborious actual cutting process with a knife, wherein the knife body is an electric knife.

[0019] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the blade is an electric cutting machine.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein, considering the feasibility of the structure, an outer tube is also provided, the outer tube is coaxially arranged with the shaft tube, the outer tube comprises an inner end head tube and an outer end rotating tube, a sealing end cover is provided between the inner end face of the head tube and the shaft tube; the head tube terminates at the inner end face of the expansion unit from the inner end face of the shaft tube, and is fixedly connected to the shaft tube through a bracket; the inner tube wall of the rotating tube is connected to the rotating structure, and the inner end of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to the cutting unit.

[0021] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the protruding structure is an annular airbag b, which is led from between the rotating tube and the shaft tube to the outer end of the outer tube through a trachea, wherein a one-way valve structure is provided in the trachea pipeline.

[0022] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein, also in consideration of the cutting accuracy requirement, the protruding structure is an expansion slide groove structure.

[0023] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, taking into account that when the vaginal canal is pulled out after being cut, due to the large resistance, the bandage wound on the outer wall of the vaginal canal or the outer tube of the instrument on the inner wall of the vaginal canal may slip off, wherein the outer diameter of the bandage in the wound state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube, and is used to stop the bandage axially on the outer tube, and at the same time, the diameter of the expansion unit in the unexpanded state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube, and the width of the bandage is smaller than the distance from the inner end face of the expansion unit to the inner end face of the rotating tube; the bandage can be assembled on the outer tube surface, and the inner end of the bandage is blocked by the concave stepped shoulder of the outer tube during traction, and when the outer tube on the inner wall of the vaginal canal is pulled outward, the possibility of slipping off is significantly eliminated due to the snap-fit ​​assembly of the bandage.

[0024] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein the diameter of the expansion unit in an unexpanded state is the same as the outer diameter of the outer tube.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, which also includes a handle, wherein the handle abuts against the outer end of the rotating tube and is assembled on the outer end of the shaft tube.

[0026] Preferably, the surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer provided by the present invention takes into account the actual conditions of the operation, and the most common procedure is to resect at least 2 cm from the outer end of the cervix, wherein the cutting unit is located 2 cm away from the inner end of the shaft tube, and the fixing unit is sleeved on the shaft tube within the 2 cm range.

[0027] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, which also includes a uterine lifting rod, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the shaft tube and is drivingly connected to the knob screw arranged at the outer end of the shaft tube, and is used for extending or retracting the inner end surface of the shaft tube with the rotation of the knob.

[0028] Preferably, the present invention provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, wherein a size marking is provided on the inner section of the uterine lifting rod.

[0029] The surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the present application firstly proposes an intravaginal circumcision procedure, in which a bandage is added to the outer wall of the vaginal canal and an expansion unit is arranged on the inner wall. On the one hand, the vaginal canal has sealed the uterus before being cut, and on the other hand, the uterus to be removed is pre-fixed to the instrument, and after the cutting procedure is completed, it can be directly pulled out by the instrument without the need for additional clamps to clamp and pull. The procedure is simple and reliable, and the possibility of cancer cells falling is eliminated from the root. In addition, the cutting procedure is completed directly from the vaginal canal, which is different from the traditional cutting method from the outer wall of the vaginal canal, and the convenience of the operation is obvious at a glance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an expansion block and an annular airbag a of an expansion unit of an instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an expansion block, an annular air bag a, a slide plate and a shaft tube of an expansion unit of a uterine cancer vaginal canal resection surgical instrument of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the blade body and the extension structure of the cutting unit of the vaginal canal resection surgical instrument for uterine canceration of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a cutting unit blade and a return spring of a uterine cancer vaginal canal resection surgical instrument of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a cutting unit blade body, a blade holder, an extension structure and a reset spring of a uterine cancer vaginal canal resection surgical instrument of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the rotating structure of a surgical instrument for vaginal canal excision of uterine cancer of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a rotating structure and a blade assembly structure of a surgical instrument for uterine cancer vaginal canal excision according to the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an expansion unit, a cutting unit and a shaft tube of a uterine cancer vaginal canal resection surgical instrument of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the head tube and shaft tube of a surgical instrument for uterine cancer vaginal canal resection according to the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion unit structure of another embodiment of a surgical instrument for uterine cancer vaginal canal resection of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the protruding structure in the cutting unit in another embodiment of the surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer of the present invention.

[0042] Among them: 1. strap; 2. shaft tube; 3. expansion unit; 4. cutting unit; 5. annular airbag a; 6. expansion block; 7. slide plate; 8. slide rail; 9. slide; 10. extension structure; 11. blade; 12. blade holder; 13. rotating structure; 14. return spring; 15. outer tube; 150. head tube; 151. rotating tube; 16. handle; 17. uterine lifting rod; 18. knob; 19. expansion slide structure; 20. annular partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0044] It should be noted that the "inner end", "outer end", "inner end surface" and "outer end surface" mentioned in the present application all refer to the end of the surgical instrument inserted into the vaginal canal as the inner end and the handle end as the outer end. These are only regulations made for the convenience of expression and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present application.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, specifically comprising a bandage 1 (this embodiment uses a spring sheet as a bandage, or a special spring sheet-a snap ring as a bandage. Since the snap ring has two stable states, i.e., a long strip and a curled state, after a special compression process, it is convenient to be wound around the outer wall of the vaginal canal through a clamp operation in a narrow abdominal cavity), a shaft tube 2, an expansion unit 3 and a cutting unit 4;

[0047] A bandage 1, wherein the bandage 1 has a connecting piece for connecting two ends of the bandage 1, and is used for being wrapped around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery;

[0048] The expansion unit 3 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2 and located between the inner end surface of the shaft tube 2 and the cutting unit 4, and is used to be placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal canal during surgery. The expansion action of the expansion unit 3 blocks and separates the inner cavity of the vaginal canal from the position where the expansion unit 3 is located, thereby achieving a closed treatment of the uterus. At the same time, the outer periphery of the expansion unit 3 expands outward to press the vaginal canal onto the inner ring surface of the bandage 1 wound around the outer periphery of the vaginal canal, thereby achieving a reliable closure and fixing the uterus to be cut and separated at the inner end of the instrument, so as to facilitate direct traction and removal at a later stage;

[0049] Specifically, Figures 1 to 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, the expansion unit 3 includes an expansion ring and an annular airbag a5, which is surrounded by a plurality of independent expansion blocks 6, and the annular airbag a5 is arranged between the expansion ring and the shaft tube 2, and the annular airbag a5 passes through the shaft tube 2 through the trachea, and is led to the outer end of the shaft tube 2 through the inner cavity of the shaft tube 2, wherein a one-way valve structure (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the trachea pipeline; it also includes a slide rail and a slide groove group, and the slide rail and the slide groove group includes a slide groove plate 7 and a slide rail 8, and the slide rail 8 is radially arranged on the inner end face and the outer end face of the expansion block 6, and the slide groove plate 7 is radially provided with a slide groove 9 corresponding to the slide rail 8, and the number of the slide groove plates 7 in this embodiment is 2, and the slide groove plates 7 are sleeved on the shaft tube 2 and respectively assembled on the inner end face and the outer end face of the expansion ring;

[0050] The cutting unit 4 is arranged on the shaft tube 2, and is used to be placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal tube during the operation, and cut the vaginal tube along the circumferential direction; Figures 4 to 9As shown, the cutting unit 4 includes an overhanging structure 10, a blade body 11, a blade holder 12 and a rotating structure 13; the blade body 11 is assembled on the blade holder 12, the inner edge of the rotating structure 13 is rotatably sleeved on the shaft tube 2, and the outer edge is fixedly connected to the blade holder 12, the overhanging structure 10 is arranged between the blade body 11 and the rotating structure 13, and is used to push the blade body 11 out of the blade holder 12 and pierce the vaginal canal through the overhanging structure 10 during the operation, and also includes a reset spring 14, which is installed between the blade body 11 and the blade holder 12, and is used to push the blade body 11 pushed out of the outer circumference of the blade holder 12 back into the blade holder 12 after the cutting is completed; in addition, an outer tube 15 is also provided, the outer tube 15 is coaxially arranged with the shaft tube 2, and the outer tube 15 includes an inner end tube 150 and The outer end rotating tube 151, a sealing end cover is provided between the inner end surface of the head tube 150 and the shaft tube 2; the head tube 150 ends at the inner end surface of the expansion unit 3 from the inner end surface of the shaft tube 2, and is fixedly connected to the shaft tube 2 through a bracket; the inner tube wall of the rotating tube 151 is connected to the rotating structure 13, and the inner end of the rotating tube 151 is fixedly connected to the cutting unit 4; the protruding structure 10 is an annular airbag b, which is led from between the rotating tube 151 and the shaft tube 2 to the outer end of the outer tube 15 through an air pipe, wherein a one-way valve structure (not shown in the figure) is provided in the air pipe pipeline, at this time, the outer end of the spring sheet ends at the outer end surface of the knife holder, and during the rotary cutting process, the spring sheet serves as a cutting anvil of the knife body, which is convenient for cutting the vaginal tube.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the rotating structure 13 of this embodiment specifically includes a gear plate, a spring piece, an axial connecting tube and a radial connecting plate surface. The axial connecting tube is sleeved on the shaft tube and one end of which is connected to the inner edge of the radial connecting plate. The outer edge of the radial connecting plate is connected to the tool holder, wherein the gear plate is fixedly sleeved on the shaft tube, the spring piece is fixed to the inner tube wall of the axial connecting tube, and the spring piece is arranged to have a shape similar to the tooth structure of the gear plate. The spring piece is meshed and connected with the gear plate, and has a certain damping effect to ensure the reliability of rotary cutting.

[0052] Considering the feasibility of the structure, Figure 1 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, considering that when the vaginal canal is pulled out after being cut, due to the large resistance, the bandage 1 wound on the outer wall of the vaginal canal or the outer tube 15 of the instrument on the inner wall of the vaginal canal may slip off, wherein the outer diameter of the bandage 1 in the wound state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube 15, the outer diameter of the expansion unit 3 in the unexpanded state is equal to the outer diameter of the knife holder 12 of the cutting unit 4, and the diameter of the expansion unit 3 in the unexpanded state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube 15, and the width of the bandage 1 is smaller than the distance from the inner end face of the expansion unit 3 to the inner end face of the rotating tube 151, the bandage 1 can be assembled in the surface of the outer tube 15, and the inner end of the bandage 1 is blocked by the concave stepped shoulder of the outer tube 15 when pulling, and the outer tube 15 on the inner wall of the vaginal canal is completely eliminated from the possibility of slipping when being pulled outward due to the snap-fit ​​assembly of the bandage 1, and the pulling is more reliable.

[0053] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, in order to facilitate holding, the present embodiment further includes a handle 16, which is abutted against the outer end of the rotating tube 151 and assembled on the outer end of the shaft tube 2. Taking into account the actual situation of the operation, a resection of at least 2 cm at the outer end of the cervix is ​​the most common procedure, wherein the cutting unit 4 is located 2 cm away from the inner end of the shaft tube 2, and the expansion unit 3 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2 within the above-mentioned 2 cm range.

[0054] As a preferred technical solution, this embodiment also includes a uterine lifting rod 17, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the shaft tube 2 and is screw-connected to the knob 18 arranged at the outer end of the shaft tube 2. At the same time, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the cutting size, size markings are provided on the inner section of the uterine lifting rod 17.

[0055] The working process and principle are as follows: the extension length of the uterine lifting rod 17 is adjusted according to the actual required distance between the cutting position and the cervix, and then the instrument is placed in the vaginal canal until the uterine lifting rod 17 is against the cervix, and the bandage 1 is inserted from the laparoscope hole, and the clamp is operated to wrap the bandage 1 around the outer wall of the vaginal canal, corresponding to the recessed part between the head tube 150 and the rotating tube 151, and the annular airbag a5 is pumped with air through the air pump device. As the annular airbag a5 swells, the expansion block 6 is pushed to move radially outward along the slide groove 9. When the expansion block 6 presses the corresponding vaginal canal wall and makes it fit tightly to the inner circle surface of the bandage 1, the annular airbag a5 is stopped from being pumped with air; then The annular airbag b is pumped with air through the air pumping device. As the annular airbag b swells, the blade 11 installed on the blade holder 12 is pushed out of the outer circle surface of the blade holder 12 and pierces the vaginal tube until the outer end of the blade 11 contacts the inner circle surface of the bandage 1. The annular airbag b is stopped from being pumped with air. At this time, the rotating tube 151 is manually rotated, and the rotating tube 151 drives the cutting unit 4 to rotate and cut the vaginal tube wall. When the cutting is completed, the one-way valve is controlled to deflate the annular airbag b. As the gas is released, the blade 11 is pushed back into the blade holder 12 under the action of the reset spring 14. Finally, the handle 16 is held to pull the instrument outward until the removed uterus is removed from the body.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] On the basis of Example 1, preferably, a surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer provided in this embodiment takes into account the uneven thickness of the vaginal canal and the laborious actual cutting process with the knife, wherein the blade 11 is an electric knife or an electric cutting machine, in which the outer end of the spring sheet is terminated at the outer end face of the expansion unit and does not contact the spring sheet during the cutting process of the electric knife or the cutting machine to prevent obstruction of the cutting process.

[0058] The working process and principle are as follows: when the expansion block 6 compresses the corresponding vaginal tube wall and makes it fit tightly against the inner circle surface of the bandage 1, the pumping air is stopped, and the circumferential cutter is driven to move through the extension structure 10 until the cutting blade contacts the vaginal tube wall. After power is turned on, the cutting blade cuts the vaginal tube wall while rotating the rotating tube to make it move in a circle around the shaft tube 2 until the cutting is completed, and then the cutter is pushed back into the tool holder through the reset spring, and finally the handle 16 is held to pull the instrument outward until the removed uterus is removed from the body; the previous steps are the same as in Example 1 and are not repeated here.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1, Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, considering the expansion accuracy requirements and sealing performance, in this embodiment, an expansion chute structure 19 with higher expansion accuracy and an annular partition 20 specially provided for axial sealing are used to replace the structure of the airbag expansion block combination in embodiment 1, wherein the expansion unit 3 includes an annular partition 20 and an expansion chute structure 19, the expansion chute structure 19 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2, and the annular partition 20 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2 and arranged on the inner end surface of the expansion chute structure 19;

[0061] Also considering the cutting accuracy requirement, the overhanging structure 10 in the cutting unit 4 is also replaced by an expansion slot structure 19 .

[0062] The expansion chute structure 19 in this embodiment is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified and replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer, characterized in that: It includes a fixing unit, an axle tube and a cutting unit; A fixing unit, which is disposed on the shaft tube and located between the inner end of the shaft tube and the cutting unit, and is used to fix the vaginal tube during surgery; A cutting unit, the cutting unit is arranged on the shaft tube, and is used to be placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal tube and cut the vaginal tube along the circumference during surgery; The fixing unit includes a binding band and an expansion unit; A bandage, the bandage having a connecting piece for looping and connecting two ends of the bandage, and used for looping around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery; An expansion unit, which is sleeved on the shaft tube and located between the inner end of the shaft tube and the cutting unit, and is used to be placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal tube during surgery. The expansion action of the expansion unit blocks and separates the inner cavity of the vaginal tube from the location of the expansion unit, and the outer circumference of the expansion unit expands outward to press the vaginal tube against the inner ring surface of the bandage wrapped around the outer circumference of the vaginal tube; The expansion unit includes an expansion ring and an annular airbag a, wherein the expansion ring is surrounded by a plurality of independent expansion blocks, and the annular airbag a is arranged between the expansion ring and the shaft tube, and the annular airbag a passes through the trachea through the shaft tube and is led to the outer end of the shaft tube through the inner cavity of the shaft tube, wherein a one-way valve structure is arranged in the trachea pipeline; Among them, the cutting unit includes an overhanging structure, a blade body, a blade holder and a rotating structure; the blade body is assembled on the blade holder, the inner edge of the rotating structure is rotatably sleeved on the shaft tube, and the outer edge is fixedly connected to the blade holder, the overhanging structure is arranged between the blade body and the rotating structure, and is used to push the blade body out of the blade holder and pierce the vaginal canal through the overhanging structure during the operation, and also includes a reset spring, which is installed between the blade body and the blade holder and is used to push the blade body pushed out of the blade holder back into the blade holder after cutting is completed.

2. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion unit comprises an annular partition and an expansion chute structure, wherein the expansion chute structure is sleeved on the shaft tube, and the annular partition is sleeved on the shaft tube and arranged on the inner end surface of the expansion chute structure.

3. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slide rail and a slide groove group, which includes a slide groove plate and a slide rail. The slide rail is radially arranged on the inner end surface and / or the outer end surface of the expansion block. The slide groove plate is radially opened with a slide groove corresponding to the slide rail, and the slide groove plate is sleeved on the shaft tube.

4. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife body is an electric knife.

5. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade is an electric cutter.

6. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outer tube, which is coaxially arranged with the shaft tube. The outer tube includes an inner end head tube and an outer end rotating tube, and a sealing end cover is provided between the inner end surface of the head tube and the shaft tube; the head tube ends at the inner end surface of the expansion unit from the inner end surface of the shaft tube, and is fixedly connected to the shaft tube through a bracket; the inner tube wall of the rotating tube is connected to the rotating structure, and the inner end of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to the cutting unit.

7. The surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outwardly extending structure is an annular airbag b, which is led from between the rotating tube and the shaft tube to the outer end of the outer tube through an air pipe, wherein a one-way valve structure is provided in the air pipe line.

8. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outwardly extending structure is an expansion chute structure.

9. The surgical instrument for vaginal canal resection of uterine cancer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the band in the wound state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube, and the width of the band is smaller than the distance from the inner end surface of the expansion unit to the inner end surface of the rotating tube, so as to stop the band axially on the outer tube; at the same time, the diameter of the expansion unit in the unexpanded state is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer tube.

10. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the expansion unit in an unexpanded state is the same as the outer diameter of the outer tube.

11. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a handle, wherein the handle abuts against the outer end of the rotating tube and is assembled on the outer end of the shaft tube.

12. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting unit is located 2 cm away from the inner end of the shaft tube, and the fixing unit is arranged on the shaft tube within the 2 cm range.

13. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a uterine lifting rod, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the shaft tube and is drivingly connected to a knob screw arranged at the outer end of the shaft tube, and is used to extend or retract the inner end surface of the shaft tube as the knob rotates.

14. The surgical instrument for vaginal excision of uterine cancer according to claim 13, characterized in that: The inner section of the uterine lifting rod is provided with a dimension mark.

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