A thermo-salt dual differential heat and power device

Abstract

A hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device of the present invention belongs to the field of clean energy development and utilization, and is composed of a tank body, which is provided with a partition to divide it into a high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool and a low-concentration salt water pool, and a semi-permeable membrane is installed on the bottom partition of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool and the low-concentration salt water pool, and a sub-box is fixed on the partition in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool, and the sub-box is provided with a liquid-solid separation chamber, a turbine generator and a heat exchanger from bottom to top, and a high-temperature and high-position reflux valve is provided between the sub-box on the upper part of the heat exchanger and the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool. A hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device of the present invention utilizes the recycling process of solvents and solutes for power generation by concentration difference; realizes asymmetric heating to increase the temperature difference method to increase the solubility concentration difference, so as to achieve the purpose of pushing up the potential energy of the liquid level difference and increasing the external power generation; achieves the purpose of heating the high-salt pool with clean energy to increase the salt saturation and concentration, and uses the heat exchanger to extract the heat, and then outputs the heat for utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of clean energy development and utilization, and in particular relates to a heat-salt double-difference cogeneration device. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the current serious environmental pollution, it is necessary to reduce the burning and use of fossil energy and vigorously develop the development and utilization of clean energy. The efficient use of heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal energy, industrial waste energy (steel mills, refineries, chemical plants, fossil energy power plants, nuclear power plants, etc.), which can generate electricity while heating the outside world, is a very important research and application direction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at solving the problems existing in the background technology and provides a thermal-salt double-difference cogeneration device.

[0004] A hot-salt double-difference heat and power cogeneration device of the present invention is composed of a tank body, wherein a partition is arranged inside the tank body to divide it into a high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool and a low-concentration salt water pool, a semi-permeable membrane is installed on the bottom partition of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool and the low-concentration salt water pool, a sub-box body is fixed on the partition inside the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool, and the sub-box body is sequentially provided with a liquid-solid separation chamber, a turbine generator and a heat exchanger from bottom to top, a high-temperature and high-position reflux port is provided between the sub-box body at the upper part of the heat exchanger and the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool, a reflux low-temperature and low-concentration liquid port is provided between the upper part of the liquid-solid separation chamber and the low-concentration salt water pool, a salt return valve is installed at the bottom outlet of the liquid-solid separation chamber, a salt discharge valve is installed at the bottom outlet of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool, and a switch valve is installed at the bottom discharge port of the low-concentration salt water pool, and a cold water input pipe and a hot water output pipe are provided on the heat exchanger.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the periphery of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool is wrapped with a heating layer.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottoms of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool, the low-concentration salt water pool and the liquid-solid separation chamber are all funnel-shaped.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchanger is a tube bundle heat exchanger.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, a reduced diameter portion is provided on the inner wall of the auxiliary box above the turbine generator.

[0009] The technical solution of this application is to make full use of the dissolution power and vapor partial pressure. Specifically:

[0010] (1) Utilization of dissolution power: When a solute is placed in a solvent, according to the principles of physical chemistry, at the interface between the solute and the solvent, the solute's diffusion force and adsorption force on the solvent are generated due to the concentration difference. This intermolecular driving force is one of the sources of new energy;

[0011] (2) Utilization of vapor partial pressure: The vapor partial pressure in the gas phase is affected by changes in the liquid phase composition. When a solute is added to a solvent, its vapor pressure decreases. Generally, the higher the solute concentration, the lower the vapor pressure. This change in vapor pressure is also one of the sources of new energy.

[0012] As discussed earlier, the dissolution kinetics and vapor partial pressure are directly affected by changes in solubility, so the following optimization design requirements are proposed for the solubility characteristics of solvents and solutes: the solubility is small at low temperatures and large at high temperatures; the solubility change rate is small at low temperatures, so the solubility is insensitive to temperature at low temperatures, and the solubility change rate is large at high temperatures, so the solubility is highly sensitive to temperature at high temperatures.

[0013] The invention discloses a heat-salt double-difference cogeneration device, which utilizes concentration difference to generate electricity and a recycling process of solvents and solutes; realizes asymmetric heating to increase the temperature difference method to increase the solubility concentration difference, so as to push up the potential energy of the liquid level difference and increase the external work power generation; achieves the purpose of heating the high-salt pool with clean energy to increase the salt saturation and concentration, uses a heat exchanger to extract the heat, and then outputs the heat for utilization. This device improves the use value of heat, and one heat undertakes multiple tasks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is combined with Figure 1 A hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device of the present invention is further described. Example 1

[0016] A heat-salt double-difference heat and power cogeneration device of the present invention is composed of a tank body, which is provided with a partition 1 to divide it into a high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 and a low-concentration salt water pool 3. A semi-permeable membrane 4 is installed on the bottom partition 1 of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 and the low-concentration salt water pool 3. A sub-box 5 is fixed on the partition 1 in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2. The sub-box 5 is provided with a liquid-solid separation chamber 6, a turbine generator 7 and a heat exchanger 8 from bottom to top. A high-temperature high-position reflux port 9 is provided between the sub-box 5 on the upper part of the heat exchanger 8 and the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2, a reflux low-temperature and low-concentration liquid port 10 is provided between the upper part of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 and the low-concentration salt water pool 3, a salt return valve 11 is installed at the bottom outlet of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6, a salt discharge valve 12 is installed at the bottom outlet of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2, and a switch valve 13 is installed at the bottom discharge port of the low-concentration salt water pool 3. A cold water input pipe 14 and a hot water output pipe 15 are provided on the heat exchanger 8. Example 2

[0017] A heat-salt double-difference heat and power cogeneration device of the present invention is composed of a tank body, in which a partition 1 is arranged to divide it into a high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 and a low-concentration salt water pool 3. The bottom partition 1 of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 and the low-concentration salt water pool 3 is provided with a penetration hole, and a semi-permeable membrane 4 is installed on the penetration hole. The function of the semi-permeable membrane is that the solvent can pass through the membrane but the solute molecules cannot pass through the membrane, forming a unidirectional flow of the solvent, which can be called a concentration-difference driven adsorption pump.

[0018] A sub-tank 5 is fixed on the partition 1 in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2. The sub-tank 5 is composed of a liquid-solid separation chamber 6 and a heat exchanger 8 from bottom to top. The two ends of the pipe in the heat exchanger 8 are connected to a cold water input pipe 14 and a hot water output pipe 15 respectively. The lower end of the heat exchanger 8 is placed at the upper opening of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6. There is a reduced diameter section in the middle and upper part of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6. A turbine generator 7 is fixed in the reduced section. A reduced diameter section 17 is provided on the inner wall of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 above the turbine generator 7. The high-temperature concentrated salt water is cooled down when it descends in the heat exchanger, and part of the solute salt crystallizes and precipitates to form a solid-liquid two-phase flow. The solid-liquid two-phase flow enters the reduced diameter section 17, which accelerates and increases the kinetic energy again. A high-temperature and high-position reflux port 9 is provided between the auxiliary box 5 at the upper part of the heat exchanger 8 and the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2. The high-temperature and high-position reflux port 9 is connected to the shell side inlet of the heat exchanger 8. The shell side outlet liquid of the heat exchanger 8 enters the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 through the turbine generator 7. A reflux low-temperature and low-concentration liquid port 10 is provided between the upper part of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 and the low-concentration salt water pool 3.

[0019] A salt return valve 11 is installed at the bottom outlet of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6, a salt discharge valve 12 is installed at the bottom outlet of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2, and a switch valve 13 is installed at the bottom outlet of the low-concentration salt water pool 3. A heating layer 16 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2. Because the present invention is a clean energy power generation, the heat source must be clean heat with no pollution emission, such as: solar heat, ground source heat, industrial waste heat, etc. The heating method can adopt the simplest and most commonly used tube bundle coil heat exchanger. Usually, the inside of the tube bundle is a high-temperature heating fluid, and the outside of the tube bundle is the heated high-concentration salt water. The bottoms of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2, the low-concentration salt water pool 3 and the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 are all funnel-shaped.

[0020] The process flow of a hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device of the present invention is as follows:

[0021] A "concentration difference adsorption drive pump" is generated on both sides of the semi-permeable membrane to suck the solvent low-concentration salt water pool 3 into the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2;

[0022] The liquid level of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 rises, and the liquid level of the low-concentration salt water pool 3 drops. The high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 uses heat such as solar energy, geothermal energy, and industrial waste heat to heat the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 to increase the temperature, thereby increasing the solubility;

[0023] When the liquid level in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 rises, it must overcome the specific gravity difference with the liquid in the low-concentration salt water pool 3;

[0024] When the liquid level of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 rises, it is also affected by the driving pressure difference that the vapor pressure of the low-concentration salt water pool 3 is greater than the vapor pressure of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2, the concentration difference adsorption driving force, the concentration difference specific gravity difference reaction force, and the concentration difference vapor pressure driving force. The height of the concentrated salt water liquid level is determined by the balance of these three forces;

[0025] The elevated stable liquid level of the high-temperature, high-concentration salt water pool 2 can be used as a potential energy source for generating power externally. Similar to increasing the height of a dam, thereby increasing the ability of water potential energy to do work, an opening is made somewhere below the stable height of the concentrated salt water, and the salt water flows out, with potential energy converted into kinetic energy. After the concentrated salt water flows out, the potential energy decreases and the kinetic energy increases. A tube bundle heat exchanger is set up in the path where cold water from the external network flows in, is heated and flows out in the form of hot water, which can be used for external network heating, greenhouse planting and breeding, drying industry, bathing and civilian use, etc.

[0026] The high-temperature concentrated brine is cooled down while descending in the heat exchanger, and part of the solute salt crystallizes and precipitates to form a solid-liquid two-phase flow. The solid-liquid two-phase flow passes through the reduced diameter portion 17, and is accelerated again to increase the kinetic energy. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid with high-speed kinetic energy impacts the turbine of the turbine generator 7 installed in the reduced diameter section below the reduced diameter portion 17 to rotate. The rotating turbine shaft drives the generator to generate electricity for external transmission, and the solid-liquid two-phase flow that impacts the turbine to do work enters the liquid-solid separation chamber 6, and the solid solute salt pool is in the bottom tank for standby. The liquid refluxes from the low-temperature and low-concentration liquid port 10 at the upper end to the low-concentration brine pool 3 to complete a power generation cycle.

[0027] Residual energy and material reuse of reflux low-temperature and low-concentration liquid: high-content solvent, low-content solute salt, residual temperature, and residual kinetic energy can be converted into impact pressure energy of the liquid surface, which helps to expand the height difference between the two pools. The crystallized salt can be pumped back into the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 through the salt return valve 11 according to the required amount to increase the liquid salt concentration. In order to increase the salt concentration difference, oversaturation is prone to occur, and a crystallized salt collection storage tank and a discharge valve are set at the bottom of the two pools.

[0028] When the capacity of crystallized solid salt in the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 is too much and reaches a certain height, the return salt valve 11 is opened to unload the salt. When the salt water concentration in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 is lower than a certain value of the saturated concentration, the return salt valve 11 is opened to add solid salt to increase the liquid salt concentration to or close to the saturated salt concentration at that temperature. The secondary signal of the return salt valve 11 can use an electromagnetic signal to actuate a switch valve. The primary signal method for the amount of crystallized salt accommodated at the bottom of the liquid-solid separation chamber 6 can use a crystallized salt height controller. When the crystallized salt height is too high, a primary signal is generated to control the secondary electromagnetic signal to open the return salt valve to unload the salt. The primary signal method for measuring the salt water concentration in the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool 2 can use a salt water specific gravity method or a salt water conductivity method. When the salt water concentration is low, the corresponding salt water specific gravity is too small or the conductivity is too small, a primary signal is given to control the secondary electromagnetic signal to open the return salt valve 11 to add solid salt to increase the pressurized water concentration.

Claims

1. A hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device, consisting of a tank body, characterized in that A partition (1) is provided inside the tank body to divide it into a high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) and a low-concentration salt water pool (3). A semi-permeable membrane (4) is installed on the bottom partition (1) of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) and the low-concentration salt water pool (3). A sub-box (5) is fixed on the partition (1) inside the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2). The sub-box (5) is provided with a liquid-solid separation chamber (6), a turbine generator (7) and a heat exchanger (8) in order from bottom to top. A high-temperature and high-position reflux port (9) is provided between the sub-box (5) above the heat exchanger (8) and the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2). A high-temperature and high-position reflux port (9) is provided between the upper part of the liquid-solid separation chamber (6) and the low-concentration salt water pool (3). A reflux low-temperature, low-concentration liquid port (10) is provided, a salt return valve (11) is installed at the bottom outlet of the liquid-solid separation chamber (6), a salt discharge valve (12) is installed at the bottom outlet of the high-temperature, high-concentration salt water pool (2), and a switch valve (13) is installed at the bottom discharge port of the low-concentration salt water pool (3); a cold water input pipe (14) and a hot water output pipe (15) are provided on the heat exchanger (8); a reduced diameter portion (17) is provided on the inner wall of the auxiliary box (5) above the turbine generator (7); the bottoms of the high-temperature, high-concentration salt water pool (2), the low-concentration salt water pool (3) and the liquid-solid separation chamber (6) are all funnel-shaped; the heat exchanger (8) is a tube bundle heat exchanger; The process is as follows: A concentration difference is generated on both sides of the semi-permeable membrane to absorb the solvent from the low-concentration salt water pool (3) into the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2), so that the liquid level of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) rises and the liquid level of the low-concentration salt water pool (3) drops; When the liquid level of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) rises, it must overcome the specific gravity difference with the liquid of the low-concentration salt water pool (3); when the liquid level of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) rises, it is also affected by the driving pressure difference that the vapor pressure of the low-concentration salt water pool (3) is greater than the vapor pressure of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2), the concentration difference adsorption driving force, the concentration difference specific gravity difference reaction force, and the concentration difference vapor pressure driving force. The height of the concentrated salt water liquid level is determined after the three forces are balanced; The elevated stable liquid level of the high-temperature, high-concentration salt water pool (2) serves as a potential energy source for generating power externally, thereby increasing the ability of water potential energy to do work. An opening is opened somewhere below the stable height of the concentrated salt water, and the salt water flows out, converting potential energy into kinetic energy. After the concentrated salt water flows out, the potential energy decreases and the kinetic energy increases. A tube bundle heat exchanger is set in the path where cold water from the external network flows in, is heated, and flows out in the form of hot water. The high-temperature concentrated brine is cooled down while descending in the heat exchanger, and part of the solute salt crystallizes and precipitates to form a solid-liquid two-phase flow. The solid-liquid two-phase flow passes through the reduced diameter portion (17), and is accelerated again to increase the kinetic energy. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid with high-speed kinetic energy impacts the turbine of the turbine generator (7) installed in the reduced diameter section below the reduced diameter portion (17) to rotate; the rotating turbine shaft drives the generator to generate electricity for external transmission, and the solid-liquid two-phase flow after impacting the turbine to do work enters the liquid-solid separation chamber (6), and the liquid flows back from the upper end to the low-temperature and low-concentration liquid port (10) to the low-concentration brine pool (3), completing a power generation cycle.

2. A hot-salt double-difference cogeneration device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The outer periphery of the high-temperature and high-concentration salt water pool (2) is wrapped with a heating layer (16).

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