Open top and railway car

Abstract

The present invention provides a movable roof and a railway open car. The movable roof includes a left roof and a right roof. The railway open car is provided with a driving device, which can drive the left and right roofs to open or close the top of the open car cargo box. A flexible device is provided on the side beam of the movable roof, and the flexible device can cover the gap between the side beam and the side wall. When the open car is tipping and unloading, the tipping machine presser gradually approaches the top of the cargo compartment side wall from top to bottom, first contacts the flexible device, and the flexible device is squeezed and deformed by the tipping machine presser and retracts into the cargo compartment. The tipping machine presser continues to move downward to press the top of the cargo compartment, and then the tipping and unloading operation is performed. In addition, after the open car is flipped at a certain angle in the width direction, the loose particles move under the action of gravity and flush the flexible device. The flexible device is deformed toward the outside of the cargo compartment under force, so that the gap between the movable roof side beam and the cargo compartment side wall is opened, and the loose particles can flow out of the gap to complete the unloading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a movable roof and a railway open car. Background Art

[0002] Railway open wagons are the main type of vehicle in railway transportation. They are the largest in the total number of existing railway wagons. They are mainly used to transport bulk goods such as coal, ore, mining and construction materials, wood, steel, etc. They can also be used to transport some heavy machinery and equipment. Railway open wagons can be divided into two categories according to the different unloading methods: one is an open wagon suitable for manual or mechanical loading and unloading operations, and the other is an open wagon suitable for fixed-line transportation between large industrial and mining enterprises, stations, and docks, and unloading with a dumper.

[0003] At present, railway open wagons are mainly composed of a car body, a bogie for supporting the car body, a connecting buffer device installed at both ends of the car body, and a brake device installed at the bottom of the car body. The car body, which is the main body of the cargo, is welded together by a chassis, end wall and side wall. The top of the car body is open. When transporting bulk cargo such as coal, the dust from the coal has caused great damage to the environment along the railway, seriously endangering the health of railway employees and people around the line. At the same time, it also caused a lot of coal loss, causing a waste of resources for the country and economic losses for enterprises.

[0004] In this regard, some open wagons currently solve the problems of scattered cargo and dust by adding movable top covers. The movable top cover is driven to flip along the width direction of the open wagon to open or close the top of the cargo box through a driving device arranged on the open wagon. However, when such movable top cover is opened, it covers the side walls of the cargo box of the open wagon, and the tipping machine cannot clamp the cargo box for flipping and unloading operations. The cargo can only be unloaded through other unloading methods, which is inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a movable top and a railway open car to address the problem of low unloading efficiency of the current movable top.

[0006] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A movable top cover, the movable top cover comprises a left top cover and a right top cover which are symmetrically arranged on the top of a railway open car, the left top cover and the right top cover are both provided with side beams near the side walls of a cargo compartment, the side beams are provided with flexible devices, the flexible devices are fixedly connected to the side beams, and the flexible devices can cover the gaps between the side beams and the side walls of the cargo compartment; when the cargo compartment is overturned for unloading, the materials in the cargo compartment push open the flexible devices under the action of gravity, so that the gaps are opened, the materials are scattered from the gaps and the unloading is completed.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the flexible device includes a plurality of covering assemblies, the plurality of covering assemblies are arranged along the length direction of the open truck cargo box, and the sum of the lengths of the plurality of covering assemblies is greater than the length of the open truck cargo box.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of the covering components are arranged vertically and alternately.

[0010] In one embodiment, the flexible device includes a covering assembly, and the length of the covering assembly is greater than or equal to the length of the open truck cargo box.

[0011] In one embodiment, the covering assembly includes a plurality of strip brushes, one end of each strip brush is fixedly connected to the side beam, and the plurality of strip brushes are closely arranged to form a covering surface, and the covering surface can cover the gap.

[0012] In one embodiment, the strip brush is connected to one end of the side beam and is provided with a mounting edge, the side beam is provided with a mounting groove, the cross-sectional shapes of the mounting edge and the mounting groove are both "T" shaped, and the mounting edge is inserted into the mounting groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the strip brush is made of nylon.

[0014] In one embodiment, the side beam is formed by extrusion of aluminum.

[0015] The present invention also provides a railway open car, comprising a movable top cover as described in any one of the above embodiments, and the open car also includes a driving device, which can drive the movable top cover to flip to open or close the top of the open car cargo compartment.

[0016] In one embodiment, the movable top cover includes a movable cover plate, and the movable cover plate is rotatably disposed on the movable top cover.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention provides a movable roof and a railway open car using the movable roof. The movable roof includes a left roof and a right roof. The railway open car is provided with a driving device, which can drive the left and right roofs to flip along the width direction of the open car to open or close the top of the open car cargo box. The side beams of the movable roof are at a certain distance from the side walls of the open car cargo box. The side beams are provided with flexible devices, which can cover the gap between the side beams and the side walls. When the open car is tipping and unloading, the tipping machine press gradually approaches the top of the cargo box side wall from top to bottom, and first contacts the flexible device. Since the flexible device itself has a certain flexibility, it is squeezed and deformed by the tipping machine press and retracted into the cargo box. The tipping machine press continues to move downward to press the top of the cargo box, and then the tipping and unloading operation is performed. Moreover, after the open car is flipped at a certain angle in the width direction, the loose particles move under the action of gravity, move to the movable roof and flush the flexible device. The flexible device is deformed toward the outside of the cargo compartment under the force, so that the gap between the side beam of the movable roof and the side wall of the cargo compartment opens, and the loose particles can flow out of the gap to complete the unloading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of a railway open car provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A front view of a railway open car provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A partial three-dimensional diagram of a movable top cover provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a movable top cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the side beams and the strip brushes in a movable roof provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] in:

[0025] The movable top cover 100 ; the flexible device 110 ; the strip brush 112 ; the movable cover plate 120 ; the side beam 130 ; and the driving device 300 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0029] Freight railway vehicles include open wagons, flat wagons, tank wagons, etc. For the convenience of loading and unloading goods, open wagons used to transport bulk goods such as coal, ore, and wood do not have a top cover on the top of the cargo box. The cargo box of an open wagon is generally composed of a long side wall, a short end wall, and a bottom frame. In order to suppress dust generated by loose particles or goods in the open wagon, or foreign debris entering the interior of the open wagon to cause pollution, some open wagons are equipped with movable top covers. However, after the movable top cover is installed, it is located on the side wall of the cargo compartment of the open wagon when it is opened. Figure 2 As shown, the dumper cannot press the side wall to unload the cargo, and can only unload the cargo by other means, which is inefficient.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a movable roof 100 and a railway open car using the movable roof 100, wherein the movable roof 100 comprises a left roof and a right roof, wherein the left and right roofs comprise a support frame composed of a main beam and a side beam 130 and a cover plate arranged on the support frame; a driving device 300 is arranged on the railway open car, and the driving device 300 can drive the left and right roofs to flip along the width direction of the open car to open or close the top of the open car cargo box; Figure 2As shown, when loading goods, the movable top cover 100 flips outward to open the top of the open car cargo compartment, and the goods are loaded from the top of the open car cargo compartment; after loading is completed, the movable top cover 100 flips inward and the top of the cargo compartment is closed. The side beam 130 of the movable top cover 100 is at a certain distance from the side wall of the open car cargo compartment, and a flexible device 110 is provided on the side beam 130, and the flexible device 110 can cover the gap between the side beam 130 and the side wall. When the movable top cover 100 is closed, the flexible device 110 can play a sealing role; when the open car is tipping and unloading, the tipping machine presser gradually approaches the top of the cargo compartment side wall from top to bottom, and first contacts the flexible device 110. Since the flexible device 110 itself has a certain flexibility, it is squeezed and deformed by the tipping machine presser and retracted into the cargo box. The tipping machine presser continues to move downward to press the top of the cargo compartment, and then the tipping and unloading operation is performed. Moreover, after the open car is flipped at a certain angle in the width direction, the loose particles move under the action of gravity, move to the movable top cover 100 and flush the flexible device 110. The flexible device 110 is deformed toward the outside of the cargo compartment under the force, so that the gap between the side beam 130 of the movable top cover 100 and the side wall of the cargo compartment opens, and the loose particles can flow out of the gap to complete the unloading.

[0031] Preferably, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the flexible device 110 includes a plurality of cover assemblies, which are arranged on the side beams 130 along the length direction of the cargo compartment. The overall length of the plurality of cover assemblies is greater than the length of the open car cargo compartment. The shielding edge formed by the plurality of cover assemblies installed on the side beams 130 can completely cover the gap between the side beams 130 and the cargo compartment side wall. Since the car press of some dumpers presses a part of the top area of ​​the cargo compartment side wall, a plurality of cover assemblies are arranged, and the car press only contacts some of the cover assemblies, thereby reducing loss and extending the service life of the movable top cover 100.

[0032] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, multiple covering components are arranged in an alternating manner. Compared with multiple covering components arranged in one row, the alternating arrangement of the upper and lower rows of covering components can reduce the gaps between the covering components and further reduce scattered dust.

[0033] Preferably, the flexible device 110 includes a cover assembly, the length of which is greater than or equal to the length of the cargo compartment, and after being installed on the side beam 130, the cover assembly can completely cover the gap between the side beam 130 and the cargo compartment side wall. Since the car press of some dumpers presses the top of the entire cargo compartment side wall, a cover assembly is provided to synchronize the movements of various positions of the cover assembly when the car press presses the cover assembly, and prevent the cover assembly from accidentally deforming in other directions due to flexibility.

[0034] Preferably, Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the cover assembly in the above embodiment is composed of a plurality of strip brushes 112, and the plurality of strip brushes 112 are spliced ​​to form the cover assembly. Since the cover assembly is often squeezed by the car press and washed by the bulk material, it is easy to be damaged. Compared with the cover assembly formed in one piece, the cover assembly composed of the plurality of strip brushes 112 disperses the received force to the plurality of strip brushes 112, thereby reducing the risk of damage; even if some of the strip brushes 112 in the cover assembly are damaged by washing, only the individual strip brushes 112 need to be replaced, and it is not necessary to replace the entire cover assembly.

[0035] Preferably, Figure 5 As shown, one end of the strip brush 112 is provided with a mounting edge, and correspondingly, a mounting groove is provided on the side beam 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting edge is a "T"-shaped edge, and the mounting groove is a "T"-shaped groove. When assembling the covering assembly, it is only necessary to insert the mounting edges of multiple strip brushes 112 into the mounting groove of the side beam 130, and to place multiple strip brushes 112 close to each other to form a covering assembly. Since the strip brush 112 itself is made of a flexible material, it can be easily loaded into the mounting groove. It should be understood that the "T"-shaped mounting edge mounting groove is only one feasible installation method, and other common mechanical connection methods can also be applied to the present invention.

[0036] Preferably, the material of the strip brush 112 in the covering component is nylon. Since the strip brush 112 needs to be able to deform to a certain extent, the material of the strip brush 112 needs to have a certain flexibility. At the same time, the covering component needs to avoid being directly pressed between the car press and the top of the side wall when the car press is pressed down, so the flexibility of the strip brush 112 should not be too large. Nylon, as a common flexible material, has good wear resistance and strength, and moderate flexibility. It should be understood that nylon is only an optional flexible material, and other common flexible materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. can also be applied to the present invention.

[0037] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the covering assembly includes a plurality of covering plates, and the plurality of covering plates can be closely arranged in a row, and two adjacent covering plates overlap each other, so that there is no gap between the plurality of covering plates. Alternatively, the plurality of covering plates are arranged in two rows, and the covering plates in the upper and lower rows are arranged alternately. It should be noted that no matter whether the plurality of covering plates are arranged in one row or in multiple rows, the covering assembly composed of the plurality of covering plates needs to completely cover the gap between the side beam and the side wall of the cargo compartment. In addition, the components constituting the covering assembly can also be in other shapes besides strips and plates, as long as the covering assembly composed of the plurality of components can cover the above-mentioned gap.

[0038] Preferably, the side beam 130 is formed by extrusion of aluminum. Aluminum has good machining performance and is light in weight. It can be easily assembled with the movable top 100 and the cover assembly, and can reduce the weight of the entire movable top 100 to a certain extent. It should be understood that aluminum is only an optional material. If the movable top 100 has some special requirements, such as rust and corrosion resistance, common materials such as stainless steel can be selected according to specific requirements.

[0039] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, in order to speed up the efficiency of unloading when tipping over, a movable cover 120 is also provided on the movable top cover 100, and the movable cover 120 is rotatably provided on the movable top cover 100. Except when tipping over to unload, the movable cover 120 can be in the state shown in the figure, and can close the top of the cargo compartment. When tipping over to unload, the movable cover 120 rotates and opens under the action of the gravity of the loose particles, so that the loose particles can be scattered from the opening of the movable cover 120, and the unloading is completed. Since the width of the gap between the side beam 130 of the movable top cover 100 and the side wall of the cargo compartment is limited, the unloading rate through the gap alone is slow. The movable cover 120 is provided on the movable top cover 100, and when unloading, the movable cover 120 is opened so that most of the area on the movable top cover 100 can be unloaded, thereby increasing the unloading rate.

[0040] Preferably, the movable cover 120 is provided with a mounting edge at one end away from the rotating connection, and the movable top cover 100 is provided with a mounting groove on the main beam and the variable, and the mounting edge can be clamped in the mounting groove. Since the movable cover 120 itself can rotate, it is necessary to prevent the movable cover 120 from accidentally rotating and causing a partial area of ​​the movable top cover 100 to be opened during normal operation of the open car. By providing a mounting edge at one end of the movable cover 120 away from the rotating connection, and providing a mounting groove on the main beam and the side beam 130, the movable cover 120 can be clamped and fixed on the movable top cover 100 through the mounting edge and the mounting groove, which can prevent the movable cover 120 from being opened due to accidental rotation; when the car is overturned and unloaded, the loose particles impact the movable cover 120 under the action of the impact force. Due to the large gravity of the loose particles, the mounting edge on the movable cover 120 can be disengaged from the mounting groove, so that the movable cover 120 can rotate freely, and the loose particles are scattered from the opening of the movable cover 120 to complete the unloading.

[0041] Preferably, a torsion spring is provided at the rotation connection between the movable cover 120 and the movable top cover 100. Since the movable cover 120 itself can rotate, it is necessary to prevent the movable cover 120 from accidentally rotating and causing a partial opening of the movable top cover 100 during normal operation of the open car. A torsion spring is provided at the rotation connection, and the movable cover 120 is in a closed state or has a tendency to rotate to a closed state under the action of the torsion spring. When the car is tipped over and unloaded, the loose particles impact the movable cover 120 under the action of the impact force. Since the gravity of the loose particles is greater than the force of the torsion spring, the movable cover 120 rotates and opens; after unloading is completed, the movable cover 120 returns to a closed state under the action of the torsion spring.

[0042] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0043] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A movable top cover, characterized in that: The movable roof comprises a left roof and a right roof symmetrically arranged on the top of the railway open car, the left roof and the right roof are both provided with side beams near the side walls of the cargo compartment, the side beams are provided with flexible devices, the flexible devices are fixedly connected to the side beams, and the flexible devices can cover the gap between the side beams and the side walls of the cargo compartment; When the cargo compartment is overturned to unload, the material in the cargo compartment pushes open the flexible device under the action of gravity, so that the gap is opened, and the material is scattered from the gap to complete the unloading; The movable top cover also includes a movable cover plate, and the movable cover plate is rotatably arranged on the movable top cover; A torsion spring is provided at the rotation connection between the movable cover and the movable top cover; a mounting edge is provided at one end of the movable cover away from the rotation connection, and mounting grooves are provided on the main beam and the side beam of the movable top cover, and the mounting edge is clamped in the mounting groove; When loading goods, the movable top cover is flipped outwards to open the top of the open-top cargo compartment, and the goods are loaded from above the open-top cargo compartment; after loading is completed, the movable top cover is flipped inwards, and the top of the cargo compartment is closed; When the open car is being overturned and unloaded, the car press of the car tipper gradually approaches the top of the cargo compartment side wall from top to bottom, and first contacts the flexible device. Since the flexible device itself has a certain flexibility, it is squeezed and deformed by the car press of the car tipper, and retracts into the cargo compartment. The car press of the car tipper continues to move downward and presses the top of the cargo compartment tightly, and then the overturning and unloading operation is performed. After the open car is turned over by a certain angle in the width direction, the loose particles move under the action of gravity, move to the movable top cover and flush the flexible device. The flexible device is deformed toward the outside of the cargo compartment by force, so that the gap between the side beam and the cargo compartment side wall is opened, and the loose particles flow out from the gap; When the vehicle is tipped over and unloaded, the movable cover is rotated and opened under the action of the gravity of the loose particles, so that the loose particles can be scattered from the opening of the movable cover, thereby increasing the unloading rate.

2. The movable top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible device comprises a plurality of covering assemblies, the plurality of covering assemblies are arranged along the length direction of the open car cargo compartment, and the sum of the lengths of the plurality of covering assemblies is greater than the length of the open car cargo compartment.

3. The movable top cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of covering components are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner.

4. The movable top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible device includes a covering assembly, and the length of the covering assembly is greater than or equal to the length of the open car cargo box.

5. The movable top cover according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The covering assembly comprises a plurality of strip brushes, one end of each strip brush is fixedly connected to the side beam, and the plurality of strip brushes are closely arranged to form a covering surface, and the covering surface can cover the gap.

6. The movable top cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strip brush is connected to one end of the side beam and is provided with a mounting edge, and the side beam is provided with a mounting groove, the cross-sectional shapes of the mounting edge and the mounting groove are both "T"-shaped, and the mounting edge is inserted into the mounting groove.

7. The movable top cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strip brush is made of nylon.

8. The movable top cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side beam is formed by extrusion of aluminum material.

9. The movable top cover according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The covering assembly includes a plurality of covering plates; the plurality of covering plates are closely arranged in a row, and two adjacent covering plates overlap each other; or, the plurality of covering plates are arranged in two upper and lower rows, and the covering plates in the upper and lower rows are arranged alternately.

10. A railway open car, characterized in that: The open car comprises a movable top cover as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the open car further comprises a driving device, which can drive the movable top cover to flip so as to open or close the top of the open car cargo compartment.

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