A complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel high-temperature cracking and gasification equipment for domestic waste, including a cracking furnace and a flue gas purification device. The cracking furnace includes a furnace body and a charging well, the charging well is connected to the side wall of the furnace body through a furnace shoulder, one side of the charging well is set as a charging port slope, the other side is provided with a chimney, the top of the charging well is provided with a furnace roof cover, and the bottom is a feeding port; the cracking furnace also includes a furnace door cover, one end of the furnace door cover is rotatably connected to the furnace roof cover, and the other end is connected with a driving device; the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with vertical grooves at intervals, and the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a vent connected to the vertical grooves; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an air duct, the air duct is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to the outside of the furnace body, and the side of the air duct facing away from the air inlet is provided with an air outlet. The present invention not only uniformly feeds materials, but also uniformly burns, improves the pyrolysis efficiency of garbage, has high production capacity, and prolongs the service life of the furnace body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cracking furnaces, and in particular to a set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards improve, the amount of domestic waste generated in daily life is gradually increasing. Due to the harsh site selection of landfills, the landfill treatment process is gradually unable to meet the needs of waste treatment. The high-temperature pyrolysis gasification equipment for domestic waste has gradually become a waste treatment process adopted in some places. Therefore, incineration technology has become a widely used waste treatment technology at home and abroad. Incineration of waste must ensure its full combustion, otherwise it is easy to produce harmful gases, such as dioxins, which will pollute the environment.

[0003] The existing pyrolysis furnace uses eccentric feeding, which leads to uneven material feeding, incomplete combustion, low production capacity, and substandard flue gas emissions. The furnace shoulders are heavy, which increases safety hazards. In addition, the oxygen supply system of the existing pyrolysis furnace is insufficient, the material is not completely burned, and toxic and harmful substances are produced, which brings secondary pollution to the environment. In addition, the inner wall of the existing pyrolysis furnace body is prone to garbage material adhesion, resulting in insufficient mixing of garbage material and air, resulting in incomplete combustion of garbage.

[0004] In addition, garbage combustion produces flue gas, and the existing flue gas purification device only has a single cooling tower, which does not cool down sufficiently, and the flue gas and water cannot be fully and completely mixed and dissolved, so the toxic and harmful substances are not completely purified, polluting the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a set of high-temperature cracking and gasification equipment for domestic waste, which not only ensures uniform material delivery and uniform combustion, improves the pyrolysis efficiency of the waste, has high production capacity, and prolongs the service life of the furnace body; at the same time, the flue gas purification device adopts a dual cooling design of a flue gas spray cooling tower and a jet mixer, so that the high-temperature flue gas is fully cooled, and particulate matter, acidic gases, heavy metals and highly toxic organic pollutants are fully mixed with water, thereby prolonging the service life of the equipment and improving the flue gas treatment efficiency.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above purpose:

[0007] A set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste, comprising a cracking furnace and a flue gas purification device connected to the cracking furnace, wherein the cracking furnace comprises a furnace body and a feeding well arranged at the center of the top of the furnace body, wherein the feeding well is connected to the side wall of the furnace body through a furnace shoulder, wherein one side of the feeding well is provided with a material inlet slope, and the other side is provided with a chimney, wherein an induced draft fan is provided on the chimney, a furnace top cover is provided on the top of the feeding well, and a material inlet is provided at the bottom, wherein the bottom end of the material inlet slope is connected to the material inlet; wherein the cracking furnace further comprises a furnace door cover, wherein one end of the furnace door cover can be The furnace top cover is rotatably connected to the same side as the material port slope, and the other end is connected to a driving device, and is driven by the driving device to rotate until it abuts the material port slope; the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with vertical grooves at intervals, and the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with ventilation openings connected to the vertical grooves; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an air duct, and the air duct is provided with an air inlet on the side facing the inner wall of the furnace body, and the air inlet is connected to the outside of the furnace body through an air inlet pipeline, a fan is provided on the air inlet pipeline, and an air outlet is provided on the side of the air duct facing away from the air inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the driving device includes a winch, a steel wire rope, a fixed pulley and a hook, the winch is arranged on the furnace top cover, the fixed pulley is fixed above the furnace top cover through a support frame, one end of the steel wire rope is arranged on the winch, and the other end passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the hook, and the hook is connected to the furnace door cover.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes at least two parallel columns and a hanging beam connecting the columns, and the fixed pulley is arranged on the hanging beam; the fixed pulley includes a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley both arranged on the hanging beam, the first fixed pulley is located above the winch, and the second fixed pulley is located above the furnace door cover.

[0010] Preferably, the flue gas purification device comprises a flue gas spray cooling tower, a jet mixer, a sedimentation water tank and an activated carbon adsorption tower which are connected in sequence through pipelines; the chimney of the cracking furnace is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower; the air inlet of the jet mixer is connected to the air outlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower, the water inlet of the jet mixer is connected to the sedimentation water tank, the gas-liquid mixing outlet of the jet mixer is connected to the sedimentation water tank, a sewage outlet is also provided at the bottom of the sedimentation water tank, and an exhaust outlet is provided at the top of the sedimentation water tank for connecting to the activated carbon adsorption tower.

[0011] Preferably, the flue gas purification device also includes a buffer water tank arranged on the side of the jet mixer, one side of the buffer water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a main water pipe, and the other side is connected to the water inlet of the jet mixer through a first water pipe, the main water pipe is connected to a primary water pump, and the first water pipe is connected to a secondary water pump.

[0012] Preferably, the water inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower is connected to the buffer water tank through a second water pipe, and the second water pipe is also connected to the secondary water pump; a first buffer tank water tank is provided at the bottom end of the flue gas spray cooling tower, and the first buffer tank water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a first overflow pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the jet mixer includes a mixing chamber, a nozzle, a venturi tube and an exhaust fan, the nozzle is arranged at the top of the mixing chamber, the venturi tube is arranged at the bottom of the mixing chamber, the air inlet of the jet mixer is arranged on the side of the mixing chamber, and the exhaust fan is arranged on the air inlet of the jet mixer.

[0014] Preferably, a second buffer tank water tank is provided at the bottom end of the jet mixer, and the second buffer tank water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a second overflow pipe; the second buffer tank water tank is connected to the Venturi tube through a connecting water pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the cracking furnace also includes a sensing device arranged on the furnace door cover, a sensor arranged on the material inlet slope, an indicator light and an alarm arranged outside the feeding well, and a control system arranged outside the cracking furnace, and the control system is electrically connected to the sensing device, the sensor, the indicator light, the alarm and the driving device respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the sedimentation water tank is connected to the air inlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tower through an exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to an exhaust chimney; the flue gas purification device also includes a flue gas recovery pipeline, one end of the flue gas recovery pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to the cracking furnace, a carbon monoxide detector is provided at the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe, a pneumatic valve is provided on the flue gas recovery pipeline, and a positive pressure fan is also provided at one end of the flue gas recovery pipeline close to the cracking furnace; the carbon monoxide detector, the pneumatic valve and the positive pressure fan are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] One side of the feed well of the complete set of high-temperature cracking and gasification equipment for domestic waste of the present invention is set as a feed inlet slope, so that the garbage transport truck can directly pour the garbage into the feed inlet slope without driving onto the furnace shoulder and flow into the feed inlet located at the center of the furnace top through the feed inlet slope, which reduces the load on the furnace body, has high safety, and prolongs the service life of the furnace body; and relative to the existing eccentric feeding method, the feed inlet is located in the middle of the furnace top, so that the material is evenly fed, the combustion is complete, the production capacity is high, the flue gas emission meets the standard, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, and the pyrolysis efficiency is increased from the original 5 tons / day to the current 20 tons / day. In addition, an induction device is set on the furnace door cover, so that the furnace door cover is automatically opened by induction, the feeding safety is high, the sealing is good, and the odor is reduced. An induced draft fan is set on the chimney to form a negative pressure in the feed well, realize negative pressure feeding, and the flue gas in the cracking furnace will not be discharged into the air through the feed inlet.

[0019] At the same time, the air duct provided in the complete set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste of the present invention can provide sufficient oxygen to completely burn the materials, without the need for combustion aids, reduce smoke and reduce costs; a shielding device is provided at the air outlet to prevent blocking of the air outlet, continuously supply oxygen and ensure full combustion of the waste. A vertical groove is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body to form a negative pressure in the furnace body, increase air circulation, improve the pyrolysis efficiency of the waste and promote complete combustion of the waste. In addition, different refractory layers of the furnace wall meet the temperature requirements of the pyrolysis of the waste and extend the service life of the cracking furnace.

[0020] By adopting the flue gas purification device provided in the complete set of domestic waste high-temperature cracking and gasification equipment of the present invention, the particle concentration of the flue gas after purification is ≤65 mg / m³, and fly ash and particles are efficiently removed; the sulfur dioxide of the flue gas after purification is ≤30 mg / m³, which is far lower than the emission standard specified in GB 18485-2014; the nitrogen oxides of the flue gas after purification are ≤180 mg / m³, achieving emission standards; the carbon monoxide of the flue gas after purification is ≤50 mg / m³, achieving emission standards; and the cadmium of the flue gas after purification is ≤0.06 mg / m³, achieving emission standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a complete set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cracking furnace in a complete set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct in the complete set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of a driving device in a complete set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A side view of a column in a set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a jet mixer in a complete set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection of a flue gas recovery pipeline in a complete set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 A connection diagram of a control system in a complete set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 A control flow chart of a control system in a set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1-cracking furnace, 2-flue gas purification device, 3-furnace body, 4-feeding well, 5-furnace shoulder, 6-feeding port slope, 7-chimney, 8-induced draft fan, 9-furnace top cover, 10-feeding port, 11-furnace door cover, 12-driving device, 121-winding machine, 122-wire rope, 123-fixed pulley, 124-hook, 125-first fixed pulley, 126-second fixed pulley, 13-vertical groove, 14-ventilation port, 15-air duct , 16-air inlet, 17-air inlet pipeline, 18-fan, 19-air outlet, 20-smoke spray cooling tower, 21-jet mixer, 211-mixing chamber, 212-nozzle, 213-Venturi tube, 214 exhaust fan, 215-contraction tube, 216-throat, 217 diffusion tube, 22-sedimentation tank, 221-tank body, 23-activated carbon adsorption tower, 24-drainage outlet, 25-exhaust outlet, 26-rotating shaft seat, 27- First anchor bolt, 28-rotating shaft, 29-sensing device, 30-control system, 31-sensor, 32-indicator light, 33-alarm, 34-magnetic induction device, 35-support frame, 36-column, 37-hanging beam, 38-side bracket, 39-top beam, 40-furnace door frame, 41-silicone pad, 42-second anchor bolt, 43-shielding device, 44-upper refractory layer, 45-lower refractory layer, 46-long thermocouple, 47-slow down Flushing tank, 48-main water pipe, 49-first water pipe, 50-primary water pump, 51-secondary water pump, 52-second water pipe, 53-first buffer tank water tank, 54-first overflow pipe, 55-first control valve, 56-second buffer tank water tank, 57-second overflow pipe, 58-second control valve, 59-connecting water pipe, 60-exhaust pipe, 61-exhaust chimney, 62-smoke recovery pipeline, 63-carbon monoxide detector, 64-pneumatic valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments. Example

[0033] Please also see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The embodiment of the present invention provides a set of equipment for high-temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste, including a cracking furnace 1 and a flue gas purification device 2 connected to the cracking furnace 1. The cracking furnace 1 includes a furnace body 3 and a charging well 4 arranged at the center of the top of the furnace body 3, and the charging well 4 is connected to the side wall of the furnace body 1 through a furnace shoulder 5. One side of the charging well 4 is set as a material inlet slope 6, and the other side is provided with a chimney 7, and the chimney 7 is provided with an induced draft fan 8. The top of the charging well 4 is provided with a furnace top cover 9, and the bottom is a material inlet 10, and the bottom end of the material inlet slope 6 is connected to the material inlet 10. The cracking furnace 1 also includes a furnace door cover 11, one end of the furnace door cover 11 can be rotatably connected to the furnace top cover 9 on the same side as the material inlet slope 6, and the other end is connected to a driving device 12, and is driven by the driving device 12 to rotate to abut the material inlet slope 6. The inner wall of the furnace body 3 is provided with vertical grooves 13 at intervals, and the outer wall of the furnace body 3 is provided with a ventilating opening 14 connected to the vertical groove 13. An air duct 15 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 3, and an air inlet 16 is provided on the side of the air duct 15 facing the inner wall of the furnace body 3. The air inlet 16 is connected to the outside of the furnace body 3 through an air inlet pipeline 17. A fan 18 is provided on the air inlet pipeline 17. An air outlet 19 is provided on the side of the air duct 15 facing away from the air inlet 16.

[0034] When the complete set of high-temperature cracking and gasification equipment for domestic waste of the present invention is in use, the furnace shoulder 5 is flush with the ground. When the garbage truck drives to the side of the furnace shoulder 5, the furnace door cover 11 is driven to open by the driving device 12, and then the garbage truck directly dumps the garbage on the material inlet slope 6. Because the material inlet slope 6 has a certain inclination angle, the garbage slides to the feed inlet 10 under the action of its own gravity, and then falls into the cracking furnace from the center of the furnace top of the furnace body 3, so that the material is evenly fed, the garbage is completely burned, the production capacity is high, the flue gas emission meets the standard, and the pyrolysis efficiency is high. Such a setting avoids the garbage truck from pressing against the furnace shoulder, prolongs the service life of the cracking furnace, and improves the safety of the cracking furnace. During the feeding process, the induced draft fan 8 is started to form a negative pressure in the feeding well 4, and negative pressure feeding is realized, so that the flue gas in the furnace body 3 will not be discharged into the air through the feed inlet 10. After the garbage truck leaves, the furnace door cover 11 is driven to close by the driving device 12. After the garbage is dumped into the furnace body 3, it can start to burn. During the burning process, the fan 18 introduces fresh air into the air inlet pipe 17, and then introduces it into the air duct 15 from the air inlet 16, and finally supplies oxygen to the furnace body 3 through the air outlet 19 of the air duct 15, so that the material is fully burned in the furnace body 3. During the burning of garbage, it falls from top to bottom, and ventilation is provided to the vertical groove 13 through the vent 14. The gas generated after the pyrolysis of the garbage is led out of the furnace body 3 through the induced draft fan 8. The air flow speed of the vertical groove 13 is lower than that of the air flow speed in the middle position of the furnace body 3, thereby forming a pressure difference, so that the middle position of the furnace body 3 forms a negative pressure state, and the air circulation in the middle position of the furnace body 3 is increased, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the garbage and promoting the complete combustion of the garbage.

[0035] Further, the flue gas purification device 2 includes a flue gas spray cooling tower 20, a jet mixer 21, a sedimentation water tank 22 and an activated carbon adsorption tower 23 which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The chimney 7 of the cracking furnace 1 is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower 20. The air inlet of the jet mixer 21 is connected to the air outlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower 20, the water inlet of the jet mixer 21 is connected to the sedimentation water tank 22, and the gas-liquid mixing outlet of the jet mixer 21 is connected to the sedimentation water tank 22. A sewage outlet 24 is also provided at the bottom of the sedimentation water tank 22, and an exhaust port 25 is provided at the top of the sedimentation water tank 22 for connecting to the activated carbon adsorption tower 23. The flue gas generated after the combustion of garbage first flows from the cracking furnace 1 to the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 for cooling, and then flows to the jet mixer 21 to be fully mixed with water, so as to achieve the double cooling effect and fully cool the high-temperature flue gas at the same time. The particulate matter, acidic gas, heavy metals and highly toxic organic pollutants in the flue gas are fully mixed and dissolved with water respectively, and finally the solid matter is discharged from the sewage outlet 24 of the sedimentation tank 22, and the purified flue gas is passed from the exhaust port 25 of the sedimentation tank 22 to the activated carbon adsorption tower 23 for secondary adsorption purification and then discharged into the air, so that the flue gas emission meets the standard, and the purpose of extending the service life of the equipment and improving the flue gas treatment efficiency is achieved.

[0036] Furthermore, the opening of the material inlet slope 6 is located at 2 / 5 of the furnace shoulder 5, which reduces the load of the furnace body 3, has high safety, and extends the service life of the furnace body 3. The angle of the material inlet slope 6 relative to the horizontal plane can be set to 30°~60°. The feed port 10 is located in the middle of the furnace shoulder 5, so that the material can be evenly placed and can be burned completely. A rotating shaft seat 26 is provided at one end of the furnace top cover 9 on the same side as the material inlet slope 6. The rotating shaft seat 26 is fixed to the furnace top cover 9 by a first anchor bolt 27. A rotating shaft 28 is provided on the rotating shaft seat 26. The furnace door cover 11 is connected to the furnace top cover 9 by the rotating shaft 28, so that the furnace door cover 11 can rotate relative to the furnace top cover 9.

[0037] Further, please also see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9The cracking furnace 1 also includes a sensing device 29 disposed on the furnace door cover 11 and a control system 30 disposed outside the cracking furnace 1. The control system 30 is electrically connected to the sensing device 29, the driving device 12 and the induced draft fan 8 respectively. The sensing device 29 is used to sense whether a garbage truck is approaching. When the sensing device 29 senses the arrival of the garbage truck, the sensing device 29 sends a signal to the control system 30. The control system 30 receives the signal and controls the driving device 12 to drive the furnace door cover 11 to open upward so that the garbage truck can dump garbage into the furnace body 3. At the same time, the control system 30 controls the induced draft fan 8 to open to achieve negative pressure feeding. When the sensing device 29 senses the departure of the garbage truck, the sensing device 29 sends a signal to the control system 30. The control system 30 receives the signal and controls the driving device 12 to drive the furnace door cover 11 to close downward and controls the induced draft fan 8 to close.

[0038] Furthermore, the cracking furnace 1 also includes a sensor 31 arranged on the material inlet slope 6, and an indicator light 32 and an alarm 33 arranged outside the material feeding well 4. The sensor 31, the indicator light 32 and the alarm 33 are electrically connected to the control system 30 respectively. The sensor 31 is used to sense the height of the garbage in the furnace body 3. The alarm 33 is used to sound an alarm. The indicator light 32 is provided with four color changes, namely light green, dark green, yellow and red. The furnace height of the furnace body 3 below the furnace shoulder 5 is divided into four equal parts, corresponding to the four color changes of the indicator light from bottom to top. When the sensor 31 senses that the height of the garbage in the furnace is less than one-fourth of the height of the furnace, the sensor 31 sends a signal to the control system 30, and the control system 30 receives the signal and controls the indicator light 32 to display light green; when the sensor 31 senses that the height of the garbage in the furnace is between one-fourth and one-half of the height of the furnace, the sensor 31 sends a signal to the control system 30, and the control system 30 receives the signal and controls the indicator light 32 to display dark green; when the sensor 31 senses that the height of the garbage in the furnace is between one-half and three-quarters of the height of the furnace, the sensor 31 sends a signal to the control system 30, and the control system 30 receives the signal and controls the indicator light 32 to display yellow; when the sensor 31 senses that the height of the garbage in the furnace reaches the furnace shoulder, the sensor 31 sends a signal to the control system 30, and the control system 30 receives the signal and controls the indicator light 32 to display red. At the same time, the control system 30 controls the alarm 33 to sound an alarm to remind the garbage transport vehicle to stop dumping garbage into the furnace body 3 and stay away from the cracking furnace 1 in time. The furnace door cover 11 is also provided with a magnetic induction device 34 connected to the control system 30 for locking the furnace door cover 11. When the sensing device 29 senses that the garbage truck has left, the sensing device 29 sends a signal to the control system 30. The control system 30 receives the signal and controls the driving device 12 to drive the furnace door cover 11 to close downward, and controls the magnetic sensing device 34 to start, so as to lock the furnace door cover 11 to prevent the furnace door cover 11 from opening during the garbage burning process.

[0039] For further information, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The driving device 12 includes a winch 121, a steel wire rope 122, a fixed pulley 123 and a hook 124. The winch 121 is arranged on the furnace roof 9. The winch 121 is connected to the control system 30. The fixed pulley 123 is fixed above the furnace roof 9 through a support frame 35. One end of the steel wire rope 122 is arranged on the winch 121, and the other end passes through the fixed pulley 123 and is connected to the hook 124. The hook 124 is connected to the left side of the furnace door cover 11. The support frame 35 includes two parallel columns 36 and a hanging beam 37 connecting the columns 36, and the fixed pulley 123 is arranged on the hanging beam 37. The column 36 is fixed to the furnace roof 9 through a side bracket 38. The hanging beam 37 is reinforced and fixedly connected to the column 36 through a top beam 39. The fixed pulley 123 includes a first fixed pulley 125 and a second fixed pulley 126 both arranged on the hanging beam 37. The first fixed pulley 125 is located above the winch 121, and the second fixed pulley 126 is located above the furnace door cover 11. The wire rope 122 passes through the first fixed pulley 125 and the second fixed pulley 126 in sequence, and is finally connected to the hook 124.

[0040] Please also see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 When the sensing device 29 senses that the garbage truck is approaching, the sensing device 29 sends a signal to the control system 30. The control system 30 receives the signal and controls the hoist 121 and the induced draft fan 8 to start. The movement of the hoist 121 drives the steel wire rope 122 to move, thereby driving the hook 124 to move, and then the hook 124 drives the furnace door cover 11 to move upward to open the feed port 10, so that the garbage truck can dump garbage into the feed port slope 10. When the sensing device 29 senses that the garbage truck has left, the sensing device 29 sends a signal to the control system 30. The control system 30 receives the signal and controls the hoist 121 and the induced draft fan 8 to close.

[0041] Furthermore, the cracking furnace 1 also includes a furnace door frame 40 matched with the furnace door cover 11, and the two ends of the furnace door frame 40 are respectively clamped on the furnace top cover 9 and the material inlet slope 6, and the furnace door cover 11 can rotate relative to the furnace door frame 40. A silicone pad 41 is provided at the abutment between the material inlet slope 6 and the furnace door cover 11, which is used to play a certain buffering role when the furnace door cover 11 rotates to abut the material inlet slope 6. The silicone pad 41 is fixed to the material inlet slope 6 by a second anchor bolt 42. The silicone pad 41 can withstand high temperatures of about 900 degrees to meet the use requirements.

[0042] Further, please also see Figure 1 and Figure 3, the air duct 15 is distributed in a ring shape. There are six air outlets 19, and the six air outlets 19 are evenly distributed on the air duct 15, so that the six air outlets 19 can evenly supply oxygen to the furnace body 3, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform combustion. A shielding device 43 is provided above the air outlet 19. The shielding device 43 is two baffles arranged in an umbrella shape above the air outlet 16 to prevent garbage from blocking the air outlet 19.

[0043] Furthermore, there are twelve vertical grooves 13. The twelve vertical grooves 13 are evenly and symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the furnace body 3. There are six vents 14. The six vents 14 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body 3 respectively connected to six of the vertical grooves 13, and each vertical groove 13 is correspondingly connected to a vent 14. In the present invention, the vertical grooves 13 and the air ducts 15 have different functions. The air ducts 15 are used to supply oxygen into the furnace body 3 to promote the combustion of garbage. The vertical grooves 13 are used to form a negative pressure in the furnace body 3, so that the garbage moves downward uninterruptedly for sintering, and at the same time promotes uniform combustion of the garbage.

[0044] Furthermore, the inner wall of the furnace body 3 is provided with a refractory layer, and the refractory layer includes an upper refractory layer 44 and a lower refractory layer 45. The upper refractory layer 44 is made of clay and refractory bricks, and can withstand a high temperature of at least 1250°C. The lower refractory layer 45 is made of high-alumina bricks, and can withstand a high temperature of at least 1350°C. During the pyrolysis process, the temperature in the area above the domestic garbage layer near the burning flame is the highest, which can reach 850~1000°C. The higher the incineration temperature, the more complete the combustion, and the more thorough the removal of dioxin-like pollutants. The pyrolysis furnace 1 of the present invention is provided with different refractory layers to meet the temperature requirements of garbage pyrolysis and extend the service life of the furnace body 3. The upper refractory layer 44 and the lower refractory layer 45 are both provided with long thermocouples 46 for heating and combustion. The long thermocouple 46 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 45°. The vertical groove 13 is arranged on the inner side of the refractory layer.

[0045] Further, please also see Figure 1 and Figure 6 The flue gas purification device 2 further includes a buffer water tank 47 disposed on the side of the jet mixer 21. One side of the buffer water tank 47 is connected to the sedimentation water tank 22 through a main water pipe 48, and the other side is connected to the water inlet of the jet mixer 21 through a first water pipe 49. The main water pipe 48 is connected to a primary water pump 50, and the first water pipe 49 is connected to a secondary water pump 51. The buffer water tank 47 extracts water from the sedimentation water tank 22 through the primary water pump 50 to store water, and sends the water to the water inlet of the jet mixer 21 through the secondary water pump 51. The sedimentation water tank 22 is filled with alkaline water.

[0046] Furthermore, the water inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 is connected to the buffer water tank 47 through the second water pipe 52, and the second water pipe 52 is also connected to the secondary water pump 51, so that the secondary water pump 51 can transport the water in the buffer water tank 47 to the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 through the second water pipe 52. The flue gas spray cooling tower 20 sprays a high-speed water flow, which reduces the temperature of the flue gas flowing through from 900°C to about 200°C. A first buffer tank water tank 53 is provided at the bottom end of the flue gas spray cooling tower 20, and the first buffer tank water tank 53 is connected to the sedimentation water tank 22 through a first overflow pipe 54. A first control valve 55 is provided on the first overflow pipe 54, which is used to control the circulation of the first overflow pipe 54, thereby controlling the time that the flue gas stays in the flue gas spray cooling tower 20, so that the flue gas has enough time to cool.

[0047] Furthermore, the jet mixer 21 includes a mixing chamber 211, a nozzle 212, a venturi tube 213 and an exhaust fan 214. The nozzle 212 is arranged at the top of the mixing chamber 211 and is connected to the first water pipe 49. The venturi tube 213 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing chamber 211. The air inlet of the jet mixer 21 is arranged on the side of the mixing chamber 211, and the exhaust fan 214 is arranged on the air inlet of the jet mixer 21. The venturi tube 213 is composed of three parts: a contraction tube 215, a throat 216 and a diffuser 217, and the contraction tube 215, the throat 216 and the diffuser 217 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. A second buffer tank water tank 56 is provided at the bottom end of the jet mixer 21, and the second buffer tank water tank 56 is connected to the sedimentation water tank 22 through a second overflow pipe 57. The second overflow pipe 57 is provided with a second control valve 58 for controlling the flow of the second overflow pipe 57, thereby controlling the time for the smoke to stay in the jet mixer 21, so that the smoke has enough time to mix with the water component. The second buffer tank water tank 56 is connected to the diffusion pipe 217 of the venturi tube 213 through a connecting water pipe 59.

[0048] The nozzle 212 sprays a high-speed water flow, which is equivalent to amplifying the water speed, so that the throat pressure of the venturi tube 213 reaches a critical value; the exhaust fan 214 sprays a flue gas speed that is more than ten times the water speed, which is equivalent to amplifying the flue gas speed. The high-speed flue gas and the high-speed water flow enter the venturi tube 213 in a tangential direction at the same time, and the flue gas and water are fully and completely mixed and dissolved in the venturi tube 213. In the venturi tube 213, dust and particles are absorbed by water, and SO2 and NOx in the flue gas react with alkaline substances in the water to generate water-insoluble salts. The above-mentioned solid substances are precipitated to the bottom of the water in the sedimentation tank 22 and can be removed by mechanical methods. CO and N2 in the flue gas are gases that are almost insoluble in water and lighter than air. They will overflow the water surface and be discharged into the atmosphere. N2 is the main component of air and will not cause air pollution. The flue gas is dissolved in water through the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 and the jet mixer 21, so that the dust particles in the flue gas are absorbed by the water and precipitated, and the harmful gases dissolved in the water are removed by chemical methods.

[0049] A primary water pump 50 and a secondary water pump 51 are provided. The primary water pump 50 transports the supernatant of the sedimentation water tank 22 to the buffer water tank 47. The secondary water pump 51 transports the water of the buffer water tank 47 to the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 and the jet mixer 21 respectively. The water then returns to the sedimentation water tank 22 through the first overflow pipe 54 and the second overflow pipe 57 through the flue gas spray cooling tower 20 and the jet mixer 21 respectively, thereby realizing the recycling of water and saving energy.

[0050] Furthermore, the sedimentation water tank 22 includes four pool bodies 221 arranged in parallel and interconnected with each other. Different reagents are added to the sedimentation water tank 22 according to the smoke detection conditions to precipitate particulate matter, neutralize acidic substances, and precipitate heavy metals. The sedimentation water tank 22 is connected to the activated carbon adsorption tower 23 through the exhaust pipe 60 to effectively adsorb toxic substances and heavy metals. The air outlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tower 23 is connected to the exhaust chimney 61 for discharging the purified flue gas. The sedimentation water tank 22 and the activated carbon adsorption tower 23 achieve the dual purification of flue gas and achieve standard flue gas emissions. Different reagents are added to the pool body 221 according to the smoke detection conditions. When it is needed for desulfurization, the water in the tank body 221 is prepared into a Ca(OH)2 solution, so that SO2 in the flue gas is converted into CaSO3 for precipitation when passing through the tank body 221; when it is needed for desulfurization and denitrification at the same time, the water in the tank body 221 is prepared into an NH4OH solution, so that SO2 in the flue gas is converted into (NH4)2SO3 when passing through the tank body 221, so that NOx is reduced to N2 gas and NH4NO3 salt. In the tank body 221, the purified flue gas flows from above through the activated carbon adsorption tower 23 for adsorption and then is discharged into the atmosphere. Particles, fly ash, CaSO3 salt and other wastes absorbed by water are removed at the sewage outlet 24 at the bottom of the tank body 221. And (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 will be made into fertilizers. In the entire flue gas purification process, water is recycled and the water is always an alkaline solution. Generally, Ca(OH)2 or NH4OH is added to the precipitation water tank 22. In order to make the dust particles and harmful gases in the flue gas fully and completely dissolved in the water, the flue gas is washed in the jet mixer 21 for about 3 to 5 seconds. It is precisely because of this effect of the jet mixer 21 that the device has a unique denitrification function. After the flue gas purification is completed, check whether the water in the pool body 221 becomes turbid. If the water in the pool body 221 becomes turbid, drain it through the sewage outlet 24 and inject new alkaline water into the pool body 221.

[0051] Further, please also see Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9The flue gas purification device of the present invention also includes a flue gas recovery pipeline 62. One end of the flue gas recovery pipeline 62 is connected to the exhaust pipe 60, and the other end is connected to the air inlet pipeline 17 of the cracking furnace 1. A carbon monoxide detector 63 is provided at the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 60, which is used to monitor the CO content in the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank 22. A pneumatic valve 64 is provided on the flue gas recovery pipeline 62, which is used to control the opening and closing of the flue gas recovery pipeline 62. One end of the flue gas recovery pipeline 62 close to the cracking furnace 1 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 17, and the fan 18 on the air inlet pipeline 17 is used to suck the recovered flue gas. The carbon monoxide detector 63 and the pneumatic valve 64 are respectively electrically connected to the control system 30. When the carbon monoxide detector 63 detects that the CO content in the flue gas discharged from the sedimentation tank 22 exceeds its set value, the carbon monoxide detector 63 sends a signal to the control system 30. After receiving the signal, the control system 30 controls the pneumatic valve 64 and the fan 18 to start respectively, so as to re-transport the flue gas that does not meet the standard to the cracking furnace 1 for secondary combustion, so that the final flue gas discharged meets the standard requirements, that is, when the carbon monoxide detector 63 detects that the carbon monoxide concentration is ≥80mg / m³, the control system 30 controls the pneumatic valve 64 to open, so that the flue gas is sucked into the cracking furnace 1 through the fan 18 for secondary combustion. Example

[0052] In this embodiment, except for the shielding device 43, everything else is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0053] See also Fig.10 In this embodiment, the shielding device 43 is an upwardly protruding arc-shaped baffle plate, which is used to prevent garbage from blocking the air outlet 19.

[0054] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A set of equipment for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste, comprising a pyrolysis furnace and a flue gas purification device connected to the pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: The cracking furnace comprises a furnace body and a charging well arranged at the center of the top of the furnace body, the charging well is connected to the side wall of the furnace body through a furnace shoulder, one side of the charging well is set as a charging port slope, and the other side is provided with a chimney, and the chimney is provided with an induced draft fan, the top of the charging well is provided with a furnace top cover, and the bottom is a charging port, and the bottom end of the charging port slope is connected to the charging port; the cracking furnace also comprises a furnace door cover, one end of the furnace door cover can be rotatably connected to the furnace top cover on the same side as the charging port slope, and the other end is connected with a driving device, and is driven by the driving device to rotate to abut the charging port slope; the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with vertical grooves at intervals, and the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with ventilation openings connected with the vertical grooves; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an air duct, and the air duct is provided with an air inlet on the side of the inner wall of the furnace body, and the air inlet is connected to the outside of the furnace body through an air inlet pipeline, and a fan is provided on the air inlet pipeline. An air outlet is provided on the side of the duct facing away from the air inlet; the flue gas purification device comprises a flue gas spray cooling tower, a jet mixer, a sedimentation water tank and an activated carbon adsorption tower which are connected in sequence through pipelines; the chimney of the cracking furnace is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower; the air inlet of the jet mixer is connected to the air outlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower, the water inlet of the jet mixer is connected to the sedimentation water tank, the gas-liquid mixing outlet of the jet mixer is connected to the sedimentation water tank, a sewage outlet is also provided at the bottom of the sedimentation water tank, and an exhaust port is provided at the top of the sedimentation water tank for connecting to the activated carbon adsorption tower; the jet mixer comprises a mixing chamber, a nozzle, a venturi tube and an exhaust fan, the nozzle is arranged at the top of the mixing chamber, the venturi tube is arranged at the bottom of the mixing chamber, the air inlet of the jet mixer is arranged on the side of the mixing chamber, and the exhaust fan is arranged on the air inlet of the jet mixer.

2. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving device includes a winch, a steel wire rope, a fixed pulley and a hook. The winch is arranged on the furnace top cover. The fixed pulley is fixed above the furnace top cover through a support frame. One end of the steel wire rope is arranged on the winch, and the other end passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the hook. The hook is connected to the furnace door cover.

3. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support frame includes at least two parallel columns and a suspension beam connecting the columns, and the fixed pulley is arranged on the suspension beam; the fixed pulley includes a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley both arranged on the suspension beam, the first fixed pulley is located above the winch, and the second fixed pulley is located above the furnace door cover.

4. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flue gas purification device also includes a buffer water tank arranged on the side of the jet mixer, one side of the buffer water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a main water pipe, and the other side is connected to the water inlet of the jet mixer through a first water pipe. The main water pipe is connected to a primary water pump, and the first water pipe is connected to a secondary water pump.

5. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The water inlet of the flue gas spray cooling tower is connected to the buffer water tank through a second water pipe, and the second water pipe is also connected to the secondary water pump; a first buffer tank water tank is provided at the bottom end of the flue gas spray cooling tower, and the first buffer tank water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a first overflow pipe.

6. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second buffer tank water tank is provided at the bottom end of the jet mixer, and the second buffer tank water tank is connected to the sedimentation water tank through a second overflow pipe; the second buffer tank water tank is connected to the Venturi tube through a connecting water pipe.

7. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cracking furnace also includes a sensing device arranged on the furnace door cover, a sensor arranged on the material inlet slope, an indicator light and an alarm arranged outside the material feeding well, and a control system arranged outside the cracking furnace. The control system is electrically connected to the sensing device, the sensor, the indicator light, the alarm and the driving device respectively.

8. The complete set of equipment for high temperature cracking and gasification of domestic waste according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sedimentation water tank is connected to the air inlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tower through an exhaust pipe, and the air outlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to an exhaust chimney; the flue gas purification device also includes a flue gas recovery pipeline, one end of the flue gas recovery pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to the cracking furnace, a carbon monoxide detector is provided at the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe, a pneumatic valve is provided on the flue gas recovery pipeline, and a positive pressure fan is also provided at one end of the flue gas recovery pipeline close to the cracking furnace; the carbon monoxide detector, the pneumatic valve and the positive pressure fan are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

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