A high-efficiency gear milling cutter

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency gear milling cutter, comprising a shank; a cutter head, which is fixed coaxially with one side of the shaft end of the shank; a cutting edge group, each cutting edge group includes a first blade face, a second blade face, a third blade face, and a fourth blade face connected in sequence along the opposite direction of the cutter head rotation; a chip pit, which is recessed in the cutter head surface and connected to the fourth blade face; each cutter head is provided with two cutting edge groups and two chip pits, and along the axial viewing angle projection of the cutter head, the contours of the cutting edge group and the chip pit are centrally symmetrical figures, and along the viewing angle perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head, the edges of the contours of the first blade face and the chip pit are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head itself. The invention can be used to process the gap between adjacent teeth in one process, and a number of connected blade faces are transitionally changed in sequence, and the cutting amount of each blade face is low. The head and tail motion trajectories of the cutter head can overlap, which ensures the stability of the tool during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machine tool cutters, and in particular to a high-efficiency gear milling cutter. Background Art

[0002] Existing technology cannot achieve high-efficiency gear processing. High-speed, high-efficiency milling and ensuring product accuracy and tool life. At the same time, high-strength, high-precision gear cutters and slow feed processing are required. In addition, it is very easy to produce serious tool vibration when milling gears, the processing cycle is long, the qualified rate of finished products is not high, and the processed parts are easily scrapped. The production efficiency is low and the quality is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-precision, high-speed, high-efficiency, and high-rigidity gear processing milling cutter. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency gear milling cutter, which can process the gap between adjacent teeth in one processing, and a number of connected blade surfaces transitionally change in sequence, each blade surface has a low cutting amount, and the movement trajectory of the head and tail can overlap, thereby ensuring the stability of the tool during operation.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency gear milling cutter. In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0005] A high-efficiency gear milling cutter comprises: a tool handle; a tool head, which is coaxially fixed to one side shaft end of the tool handle; a cutting edge group, along the opposite direction of the tool head rotation, each cutting edge group includes a first edge face, a second edge face, a third edge face, and a fourth edge face connected in sequence; a chip pit, which is recessed in the surface of the tool head and connected to the fourth edge face; each tool head is provided with two cutting edge groups and two chip pits, and when projected along the axial viewing angle of the tool head, the contours of the cutting edge groups and the chip pits are centrally symmetrical figures, and when projected along the viewing angle perpendicular to the axis of the tool head, the edges of the contours of the first edge face and the chip pit are axially symmetrical along the axis of the tool head itself.

[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the gear blank can be processed, and the gap between adjacent teeth can be processed in one processing. The gear blank itself has high strength and hardness, so if you want to complete the processing in one time, the cutting amount must be large. A milling cutter can realize the processing of the groove in one feed and retract process, and high precision, high speed and high efficiency can be achieved in the gear processing process. Because the cutting edge group is the first blade face, the second blade face, the third blade face, and the fourth blade face transitionally change in sequence, it means that each rotation of the cutter head has four gradually changing blades to perform the cutting action, the cutting efficiency is high, the cutting amount of each blade face is reduced, and the processing amount requirement for each blade face is reduced, which solves the problem of high-efficiency milling and ensuring product accuracy and tool life, and avoids the chattering of the tool that is very easy to occur when milling gears. The chip pit can ensure that the processed chips are collected here as soon as possible and wait for subsequent discharge. A cutting edge group and a chip pocket are the most basic cutting unit. The head and tail contours of this cutting unit are axisymmetric when rotating in the circumferential direction, and can overlap on the motion trajectory, which ensures the stability of the tool during operation, prevents the workpiece from generating eccentric force and torsional force on the tool, and ensures that the groove is axisymmetric after processing.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, along the axial viewing angle projection of the cutter head, the contour expansion angle occupied by a cutting edge group and an adjacent chip pit is a straight angle, the chip pit includes two first chip planes and a second chip plane intersecting at an angle, the first chip plane is connected to the fourth cutting edge surface, the second chip planes of the two chip pits are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the cutter head itself, and along the viewing angle projection perpendicular to the second chip plane, the edges of the contours of the first cutting edge surface and the chip pit are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head itself.

[0008] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the cutter head goes through two cutting units in one rotation, the first chip plane and the second chip plane form a large chip groove space, and the angle of the second chip plane is convenient for blocking the chips after processing, ensuring the discharge of the chips, rather than allowing the chips to be retained until the next rotation processing, to avoid affecting the processing accuracy.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lengths of the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge, the third cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge and the chip pocket along the axial direction of the cutter head gradually increase.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the shorter the blade surface that contacts the workpiece first, the less cutting it will do, so that the cutting amount can be evenly distributed from front to back, rather than having a large initial cutting amount and a small subsequent cutting amount. The gradually longer layout also makes it easier to guide the debris to be discharged in the direction away from the cutter head.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first edge surfaces of the two cutting edge groups are connected.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is to ensure that the frontmost top of the cutter head is provided with a cutting edge.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first cutting edge face and the second cutting edge face are connected to the chip pocket, and the second cutting edge face is connected to the fourth cutting edge face.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: ensuring that the chips produced during the processing of the ends of the first and second blade faces can also enter the chip pocket immediately. The second blade face is connected to the fourth blade face, eliminating the need for the third blade face to be connected to the chip pocket, reducing the density of the intersection line at the top of the cutter head and reducing the difficulty of processing.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fourth blade face is a plane, and the first blade face, the second blade face, and the third blade face are each a curved surface with a convex arc surface and a concave arc surface.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the inner wall of the processed groove itself also has convex and concave arc surfaces. The fourth blade surface is the last blade surface, and the main cutting function is the boundary line between the fourth blade surface and the third blade surface, so the fourth blade surface is a plane, which reduces the processing difficulty of the tool.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the circumferential surface of the cutter head is provided with circumferential teeth, and along the opposite direction of the cutter head rotation, the circumferential teeth include a first circumferential tooth surface and a second circumferential tooth surface which are connected in sequence and form an angle with each other.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the peripheral teeth can cut the more lateral surface in the groove, corresponding to the top of the gear, to ensure the dimensional accuracy after processing.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first peripheral tooth surface is connected to the first blade surface, and the second peripheral tooth surface is connected to the first blade surface, the second blade surface, and the third blade surface.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the second tooth surface has a larger area than the first tooth surface.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first circumferential tooth surface and the second circumferential tooth surface are both planes, and when projected along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head, the second circumferential tooth surface and the circumferential surface of the root of the cutter head form an arcuate surface.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the arcuate surface also equivalently leaves a chip removal space.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the back angles corresponding to the first blade face, the second blade face and the third blade face are 8°, 15° and 26° respectively.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the selection of the above angles determines that the cutting effects of the first edge face, the second edge face and the third edge face are step-by-step, and the selection of angles can obtain better cutting and chip removal effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 1 is an axial view of a cutter head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of point A of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is an application schematic diagram of an implementation mode of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of point B of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] 1-handle; 2-tool head; 3-first cutting edge; 4-second cutting edge; 5-third cutting edge; 6-first peripheral tooth surface; 7-second peripheral tooth surface; 8-fourth cutting edge; 9-chip pit; 9a-first chip plane; 9b-second chip plane; 10-workpiece; 11-groove; 12-arch surface; L1-total length of tool body; L2-total length of blade; L3-total length of tool groove; D1-tool head diameter; D2-tool handle diameter; A1-tooth gap angle; A2-front angle; A3-first clearance angle of peripheral teeth; A4-second clearance angle of peripheral teeth; H1-eccentric distance of end teeth; H2-first clearance angle width of peripheral teeth; H3-total clearance angle width of peripheral teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0033] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, a high-efficiency gear milling cutter includes: a shank 1; a cutter head 2, which is coaxially fixed to one side of the shaft end of the shank 1; a cutting edge group, along the opposite direction of the rotation of the cutter head 2, each cutting edge group includes a first blade surface 3, a second blade surface 4, a third blade surface 5, and a fourth blade surface 8 connected in sequence; a chip pit 9, which is recessed in the surface of the cutter head 2 and connected to the fourth blade surface 8; the cutter head 2 is respectively provided with two cutting edge groups and two chip pits 9, and when projected along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head 2, the contours of the cutting edge group and the chip pit 9 are each centrally symmetrical, and along the viewing angle perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head 2, the edges of the contours of the first blade surface 3 and the chip pit 9 are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head 2 itself.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the cutter head 2 processes the workpiece 10 to form symmetrical grooves 11, that is, the gear blank is processed to form grooves 11 between connected teeth. The handle 1 and the cutter head 2 are made of an integral tungsten-titanium-cobalt alloy.

[0035] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the gear blank can be processed, and the gap between adjacent teeth can be processed in one processing. The gear blank itself has high strength and hardness, so if you want to complete the processing in one time, the cutting amount must be large. A milling cutter can realize the processing of the groove in one feed and retract process, and high precision, high speed and high efficiency can be achieved in the gear processing process. Because the cutting edge group is the first blade face, the second blade face, the third blade face, and the fourth blade face transitionally change in sequence, it means that each rotation of the cutter head has four gradually changing blades to perform the cutting action, the cutting efficiency is high, the cutting amount of each blade face is reduced, and the processing amount requirement for each blade face is reduced, which solves the problem of high-efficiency milling and ensuring product accuracy and tool life, and avoids the chattering of the tool that is very easy to occur when milling gears. The chip pit can ensure that the processed chips are collected here as soon as possible and wait for subsequent discharge. A cutting edge group and a chip pocket are the most basic cutting unit. The head and tail contours of this cutting unit are axisymmetric when rotating in the circumferential direction, and can overlap on the motion trajectory, which ensures the stability of the tool during operation, prevents the workpiece from generating eccentric force and torsional force on the tool, and ensures that the groove is axisymmetric after processing.

[0036] In other embodiments of the present invention, along the axial viewing angle projection of the cutter head 2, the contour expansion angle occupied by a cutting edge group and an adjacent chip pit 9 is a straight angle, the chip pit 9 includes two first chip planes 9a and a second chip plane 9b intersecting at an angle, the first chip plane 9a is connected to the fourth cutting edge 8, the second chip planes 9b of the two chip pits 9 are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the cutter head 2 itself, and along the viewing angle projection perpendicular to the second chip plane 9b, the edges of the contours of the first cutting edge 3 and the chip pit 9 are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head 2 itself.

[0037] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the cutter head goes through two cutting units in one rotation, the first chip plane and the second chip plane form a large chip groove space, and the angle of the second chip plane is convenient for blocking the chips after processing, ensuring the discharge of the chips, rather than allowing the chips to be retained until the next rotation processing, to avoid affecting the processing accuracy.

[0038] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first cutting edge 3, the second cutting edge 4, the third cutting edge 5, the fourth cutting edge 8, and the chip pocket 9 gradually increase in length along the axial direction of the cutter head 2.

[0039] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the shorter the blade surface that contacts the workpiece first, the less cutting it will do, so that the cutting amount can be evenly distributed from front to back, rather than having a large initial cutting amount and a small subsequent cutting amount. The gradually longer layout also makes it easier to guide the debris to be discharged in the direction away from the cutter head.

[0040] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first cutting surfaces 3 of the two cutting edge groups are connected.

[0041] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is to ensure that the frontmost top of the cutter head is provided with a cutting edge.

[0042] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first cutting edge face 3 and the second cutting edge face 4 are connected to the chip pocket 9 , and the second cutting edge face 4 is connected to the fourth cutting edge face 8 .

[0043] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: ensuring that the chips produced during the processing of the ends of the first and second blade faces can also enter the chip pocket immediately. The second blade face is connected to the fourth blade face, eliminating the need for the third blade face to be connected to the chip pocket, reducing the density of the intersection line at the top of the cutter head and reducing the difficulty of processing.

[0044] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the fourth blade face 8 is a plane, and the first blade face 3, the second blade face 4, and the third blade face 5 are each a curved surface having a convex arc surface and a concave arc surface.

[0045] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the inner wall of the processed groove itself also has convex and concave arc surfaces. The fourth blade surface is the last blade surface, and the main cutting function is the boundary line between the fourth blade surface and the third blade surface, so the fourth blade surface is a plane, which reduces the processing difficulty of the tool.

[0046] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the circumferential surface of the cutter head 2 is provided with circumferential teeth, and along the opposite direction of the rotation of the cutter head 2, the circumferential teeth include a first circumferential tooth surface 6 and a second circumferential tooth surface 7 which are connected in sequence and form an angle with each other.

[0047] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the peripheral teeth can cut the more lateral surface in the groove, corresponding to the top of the gear, to ensure the dimensional accuracy after processing.

[0048] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first circumferential tooth surface 6 is connected to the first blade surface 3 , and the second circumferential tooth surface 7 is connected to the first blade surface 3 , the second blade surface 4 , and the third blade surface 5 .

[0049] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the second tooth surface has a larger area than the first tooth surface.

[0050] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the first circumferential tooth surface 6 and the second circumferential tooth surface 7 are both planes, and when projected along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head 2 , the second circumferential tooth surface 7 and the circumferential surface of the root of the cutter head 2 form an arcuate surface 12 .

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the total length L1 of the tool body composed of the tool head 2 and the tool handle 1 can be determined according to actual conditions, the axial length between the arched surface 12 and the top of the tool head is the total length L2 of the blade, the longest axial distance of the chip pit 9 is the total length L3 of the tool groove, and the total length L2 of the blade and the total length L3 of the tool groove can be determined according to actual conditions. The tool head diameter D1 and the tool handle diameter D2 are also determined according to actual conditions. The tooth gap angle A1 is 18°. Figure 3 As shown, the front angle A2 is 5°, the first clearance angle A3 of the peripheral teeth is 6° to 8°, and the second clearance angle A4 of the peripheral teeth is 20° to 28°. Figure 2 As shown, the end tooth eccentric distance H1 is related to the cutter head diameter D1. When the cutter head diameter D1 is 7 mm, the end tooth eccentric distance H1 is 0.04 mm. The value of the first clearance angle width H2 of the peripheral teeth is equal to 0.5% to 0.6% of the cutter head diameter D1, and the value of the total clearance angle width H3 of the peripheral teeth is equal to 15% to 20% of the cutter head diameter D1.

[0052] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the arcuate surface also equivalently leaves a chip removal space.

[0053] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the back angles corresponding to the first blade face 3, the second blade face 4, and the third blade face 5 are 8°, 15°, and 26°, respectively.

[0054] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the selection of the above angles determines that the cutting effects of the first edge face, the second edge face and the third edge face are step-by-step, and the selection of angles can obtain better cutting and chip removal effects.

[0055] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency gear milling cutter, characterized in that: include: Handle; The cutter head is coaxially fixed to the shaft end of one side of the cutter handle; The cutting edge groups are arranged in the opposite direction of the rotation of the cutter head, and each cutting edge group includes a first edge face, a second edge face, a third edge face, and a fourth edge face connected in sequence; A chip pit is sunken in the cutter head surface and connected to the fourth cutting edge; The cutter head is provided with two cutting edge groups and two chip pockets. When projected along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head, the contours of the cutting edge groups and the chip pockets are centrally symmetrical. When projected along the viewing angle perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head, the edges of the contours of the first cutting edge surface and the chip pockets are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head itself. In the projection along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head, the profile development angle occupied by a cutting edge group and an adjacent chip pit is a flat angle, the chip pit includes two first chip planes and a second chip plane intersecting at an angle, the first chip plane is connected to the fourth edge face, the second chip planes of the two chip pits are parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the cutter head itself, and in the projection along the viewing angle perpendicular to the second chip plane, the edges of the respective profiles of the first edge face and the chip pit are axially symmetrical along the axis of the cutter head itself; The circumferential surface of the cutter head is provided with circumferential teeth, and along the opposite direction of the cutter head rotation, the circumferential teeth include a first circumferential tooth surface and a second circumferential tooth surface which are connected in sequence and form an angle with each other; The first peripheral tooth surface is connected to the first blade surface, and the second peripheral tooth surface is connected to the first blade surface, the second blade surface, and the third blade surface; The first circumferential tooth surface and the second circumferential tooth surface are both planes, and when projected along the axial viewing angle of the cutter head, the second circumferential tooth surface and the circumferential surface of the root of the cutter head form an arcuate surface; The lengths of the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge, the third cutting edge, the fourth cutting edge and the chip pocket gradually increase along the axial direction of the cutter head.

2. The high-efficiency gear milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first edge surfaces of the two cutting edge groups are connected.

3. The high-efficiency gear milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cutting edge surface and the second cutting edge surface are connected to the chip pocket, and the second cutting edge surface is connected to the fourth cutting edge surface.

4. The high-efficiency gear milling cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fourth blade surface is a plane, and the first blade surface, the second blade surface, and the third blade surface are each a curved surface having a convex arc surface and a concave arc surface.

5. The high-efficiency gear milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back angles corresponding to the first blade face, the second blade face, and the third blade face are 8°, 15°, and 26°, respectively.

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