Initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device

Abstract

The initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention comprises a purification interception dam arranged in a ditch; the purification interception dam is composed of a bottom plate, a front baffle, a rear baffle, two side plates and a first and a second middle partition, and the front baffle, the rear baffle, the first middle partition, the second middle partition and the bottom plate are uniformly provided with water permeable holes; there are front grid grooves, middle grid grooves and rear grid grooves between the front baffle and the first middle partition, between the first middle partition and the second middle partition, and between the second middle partition and the rear baffle, respectively, and the front grid grooves, the middle grid grooves and the rear grid grooves are filled with shale ceramsite, biochar particles and fine sand respectively. In the interception and purification device of the present invention, the initial rainwater is filtered by ceramsite, biochar particles and fine sand in turn, which not only realizes the filtration of rainwater, but also the microorganisms in ceramsite, biochar and fine sand can realize the purification of water bodies, solving the water pollution caused by the existing initial farmland surface runoff directly flowing into rivers or lakes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device, and more specifically, to an initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device which can store and purify initial rainwater with a high pollution concentration. Background Art

[0002] In order to increase crop yields and reduce labor, a large amount of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides are used in the current agricultural production process. The spraying of these fertilizers and pesticides, while increasing crop yields and eliminating pests, also causes varying degrees of pollution to the soil. In particular, the initial surface runoff generated by precipitation contains the highest concentration of organic matter. If it is not treated and purified, and allowed to flow into rivers and lakes, it will cause excessive concentrations of organic matter in rivers and lakes, leading to eutrophication and pollution of water bodies, causing water quality deterioration, seriously affecting the ecological balance of rivers and lakes, and ultimately causing serious damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to collect and store the surface runoff in the early stage of precipitation for treatment and purification, and to consume and treat the organic matter in the initial rainwater before discharging it into rivers and lakes to avoid water pollution. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device which can store and purify initial rainwater with a high pollution concentration.

[0004] The initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention comprises a purification interception dam arranged at the end of a field drainage ditch and in a field drainage ditch; the characteristics are as follows: the purification interception dam is composed of a bottom plate and a front baffle, a rear baffle and two side plates fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate, the front baffle and the rear baffle are arranged in parallel, the two side plates are respectively fixed to the two ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle, and a cavity with an upper end opening is formed between the bottom plate, the front baffle, the rear baffle and the two side plates; a first middle partition plate and a second middle partition plate parallel to the front baffle and the rear baffle are sequentially arranged between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and water permeable holes are evenly opened on the front baffle, the rear baffle, the first middle partition plate, the second middle partition plate and the bottom plate;

[0005] A front grid groove is formed between the front baffle and the first middle partition, a middle grid groove is formed between the first middle partition and the second middle partition, and a rear grid groove is formed between the second middle partition and the rear baffle. The front grid groove, the middle grid groove and the rear grid groove are respectively filled with shale expanded clay, biochar particles and fine sand for filtering, intercepting and purifying the surface runoff of initial rainwater.

[0006] The initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention has a storage pool for storing the initial rainwater surface runoff dug in the ditch below and behind the purification interception dam, and the storage pool is filled with shale ceramsite.

[0007] The initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention comprises a support plate provided in the middle of the purification interception dam, the two ends of the support plate are respectively fixed on the inner surfaces of the front baffle plate and the rear baffle plate, and a groove is provided in the middle of the support plate for inserting the upper parts of the first middle partition plate and the second middle partition plate.

[0008] In the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention, the front baffle, the rear baffle, the first middle partition and the second middle partition are all in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention is composed of a bottom plate, a front baffle, a rear baffle, two side plates, and a first and a second middle partition plate, so that a front grid groove, a middle grid groove, and a rear grid groove are formed in sequence between the front baffle plate, the first middle partition plate, the second middle partition plate, and the rear baffle plate, and water permeable holes are opened except for the two side plates, and shale ceramsite, biochar particles, and fine sand are filled in the front, middle, and rear grid grooves respectively, so that the initial rainwater surface runoff will be successively washed by ceramsite, biochar particles, and fine sand in the process of flowing through the purification interception dam. , fine sand filtration, not only realizes the filtration of rainwater, but also the microorganisms in expanded clay, biochar and fine sand can purify the water body; the initial rainwater surface runoff from farmland will be stored in the storage pool below it after being filtered through the interception dam, and will not flow into the river or lake with the later rainwater. The microorganisms in the storage pool consume and purify the organic matter in the initial rainwater surface runoff from farmland through the combined action of aerobic and anaerobic processes, thus solving the water pollution caused by the existing initial farmland surface runoff directly flowing into rivers or lakes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a front view of the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a top view of the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view of section AA;

[0014] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention arranged in a ditch;

[0015] Figure 6 It is a top view of the surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention arranged in a ditch.

[0016] In the figure: 1 field, 2 field drainage ditch, 3 field drainage ditch, 4 purification interception dam, 5 bottom plate, 6 front baffle, 7 rear baffle, 8 side plate, 9 first middle partition, 10 second middle partition, 11 permeable hole, 12 front grid, 13 middle grid, 14 rear grid, 15 support plate, 16 shale expanded clay, 17 biochar particles, 18 fine sand, 19 ditch, 20 storage pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, a schematic diagram of the layout of the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention is given, and field drainage ditches 2 are arranged between the fields 1, and a field drainage ditch 3 is arranged at one end of the field 1. During the initial precipitation process, the surface runoff formed in the fields 1 first flows into the field drainage ditch 2, and then gathers into the field drainage ditch 3, and is then gathered into a larger ditch by the field drainage ditch 3, or is directly discharged into a river or lake. Since the concentration of pollutants in farmland surface runoff is the highest in the initial precipitation stage, if the initial farmland surface runoff can be collected and purified, the problem of initial surface runoff polluting rivers and lakes will be solved. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , a purification interception dam 4 is provided at the end of the purification interception dam 4 and in the headland drainage ditch 3 .

[0019] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the front view and top view of the initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention are respectively given, Figure 4 Given Figure 2 The sectional view of the AA section shows that the interception and purification device is a purification interception dam 4, which is composed of a bottom plate 5, a front baffle 6, a rear baffle 7, two side plates 8, a first middle partition 9, and a second middle partition 10. The front baffle 6, the rear baffle 7, and the two side plates 8 are respectively fixed to the four sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 5. The front baffle 6 and the rear baffle 7 are arranged parallel to each other, and a cavity with an upper end opening is formed between the front baffle 6, the rear baffle 7, the two side plates 8, and the bottom plate 5. The first middle partition 9 and the second middle partition 10 are arranged in sequence between the front baffle 6 and the rear baffle 7, and the first middle partition 9 and the second middle partition 10 are also arranged parallel to each other with the front baffle 6 and the rear baffle 7.

[0020] As shown, water-permeable holes 11 are evenly formed on the front baffle 6 , the rear baffle 7 , the first middle partition 9 , the second middle partition 10 and the bottom plate 5 . A front grid groove 12 is formed between the front baffle plate 6 and the first middle baffle plate 9, a middle grid groove 13 is formed between the first middle baffle plate 9 and the second middle baffle plate 10, and a rear grid groove 14 is formed between the second middle baffle plate 10 and the rear baffle plate 7. The front grid groove 12, the middle grid groove 13 and the rear grid groove 14 are respectively filled with shale ceramsite 16, biochar particles 17 and fine sand 18. In this way, in the process of initial surface runoff of rainwater flowing from the front baffle plate 6 to the rear baffle plate 7 through the permeable holes 11, the shale ceramsite 16, biochar particles 17 and fine sand 18 can filter solid suspended matter of large particle size, small particle size and fine particle size in the initial runoff respectively. At the same time, the microorganisms grown in the shale ceramsite 16, biochar particles 17 and fine sand 18 can also consume organic matter in the water to achieve water purification.

[0021] In order to ensure the stability of the front baffle 6, the rear baffle 7, the first middle baffle 9 and the second middle baffle 10, a support plate 15 is provided in the middle of the purification interception dam 4, and the two ends of the support plate 15 are respectively fixed on the inner surface of the front baffle 6 and the rear baffle 7, and two notches are provided below the middle of the support plate 15, and the upper parts of the first middle baffle 9 and the second middle baffle 10 are embedded in the two notches, so that the front baffle 6, the rear baffle 7, the first middle baffle 9 and the second middle baffle 10 are ensured to be firm and will not be deformed after being impacted and pressured by water. The front baffle 6, the rear baffle 7, the first middle baffle 9 and the second middle baffle 10 are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and this trapezoidal shape with wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is conducive to being laid in the field drainage ditch 2 and the headland drainage ditch 3.

[0022] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a cross-sectional view and a top view of the surface runoff interception and purification device of the present invention arranged in a ditch are respectively given. A storage pool 20 is opened in the ditch below and behind the purification interception dam 4. The volume of the storage pool 20 should be 3 times or more than 3 times the volume of the purification interception dam 4. The storage pool 20 is filled with shale ceramsite 16. In this way, the initial farmland surface runoff is filtered and purified by the shale ceramsite 16, biochar particles 17 and fine sand 18 in the purification interception dam 4, and then flows into the storage pool 20. The microorganisms grown on the shale ceramsite 16 in the storage pool 20 form a microbial purification membrane, which realizes the purification of the initial rainwater of the farmland intercepted in the storage pool 20, decomposes and consumes the organic matter carried in the rainwater, and avoids the pollution of rivers and lakes by the existing initial rainwater surface runoff of farmland.

Claims

1. An initial farmland surface runoff interception and purification device, comprising a purification interception dam (4) arranged at the end of a field drainage ditch (2) and in a field drainage ditch (3); characterized in that: The purification interception dam (4) is composed of a bottom plate (5) and a front baffle (6), a rear baffle (7) and two side plates (8) fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate, the front baffle and the rear baffle being arranged in parallel, the two side plates being respectively fixed to the two ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle, and a cavity with an upper end opening is formed between the bottom plate, the front baffle, the rear baffle and the two side plates; a first middle baffle (9) and a second middle baffle (10) are arranged in sequence between the front baffle and the rear baffle and are parallel to the first baffle and the second baffle, and water permeable holes (11) are uniformly opened on the front baffle, the rear baffle, the first middle baffle, the second middle baffle and the bottom plate; A front grid groove (12) is formed between the front baffle plate (6) and the first middle baffle plate (9), a middle grid groove (13) is formed between the first middle baffle plate and the second middle baffle plate (10), and a rear grid groove (14) is formed between the second middle baffle plate and the rear baffle plate (7). The front grid groove, the middle grid groove, and the rear grid groove are respectively filled with shale ceramsite (16), biochar particles (17), and fine sand (18) for filtering, intercepting, and purifying surface runoff of initial rainwater; The initial rainwater surface runoff is filtered by ceramsite, biochar particles and fine sand in the process of flowing through the purification interception dam, thus filtering the rainwater. The microorganisms in ceramsite, biochar and fine sand purify the water body. A storage pool (20) for storing surface runoff of initial rainwater is dug in the ditch below and behind the purification interception dam (4), and the storage pool is filled with the shale ceramsite (16); Initial farmland surface runoff is filtered and purified by the shale ceramsite (16), the biochar particles (17) and the fine sand (18) in the purification interception dam (4), and then flows into the storage pool (20). Microorganisms growing on the shale ceramsite (16) in the storage pool (20) form a microbial purification membrane, thereby purifying the initial farmland rainwater trapped in the storage pool (20); A support plate (15) is provided in the middle of the purification interception dam (4), the two ends of the support plate are respectively fixed to the inner surfaces of the front baffle plate (6) and the rear baffle plate (7), and a slot is provided in the middle of the support plate for inserting the upper part of the first middle partition plate (9) and the upper part of the second middle partition plate (10); The front baffle (6), the rear baffle (7), the first middle baffle (9) and the second middle baffle (10) are all in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

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