A tool for locating foreign bodies in deep maxillofacial region and a method of using the tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region, comprising a bite plate sleeved on human dentition and a guide rod in contact with the foreign body, the guide rod comprising a positioning rod, a connecting block and a steering head for locating the foreign body, the bite plate having a connecting device for fixing the connecting block on a side close to the cheek of the human body, the connecting device having a first connecting hole, the connecting block having a fixing column cooperating with the first connecting hole, and one side surface of the steering head having a second jack for fixing the positioning rod. During use, the present invention performs positioning through imaging, and uses the positioning rod to transfer the positioning information to intraoperative operation, without any radiation, and without hardware equipment requirements for medical institutions, and the intraoperative placement process is simple, low in cost, and high in efficiency, saving operation time, and realizing true 3D navigation, and the adjustment accuracy of the positioning rod is improved by setting the steering head, the marking area and the pointer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region and a method for using the tool. Background Art

[0002] The diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region is relatively complicated, especially when the foreign bodies are located in the space formed by the inner side of the mandibular ascending ramus, the pharynx, and the cervical vertebrae. Its anatomical structure is complex and rich in blood vessels and nerves, which greatly challenges the doctor's diagnosis and treatment plan. The existing positioning technology for foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region is mainly divided into imaging technology and positioning technology. Imaging technology refers to X-rays, CT, MRI, C-arm and other examinations, which can locate foreign bodies in imaging. Positioning technology refers to tools extended on the basis of imaging technology, currently mainly surgical navigation systems.

[0003] Imaging technology can perform imaging positioning, but it cannot transfer this positioning to intraoperative operations. The surgical navigation system is designed based on preoperative CT and MRI data, and requires the placement and calibration of dynamic reference systems. The operation process is cumbersome and requires medical institutions to have such equipment and related personnel. It has high hardware requirements for medical institutions and the level of doctors. At the same time, the navigation information fed back to the doctor by the surgical navigation system is still a bitmap, not a true 3D navigation. C-arm can continuously transmit during surgery to guide the real-time position during surgery. However, the images presented by C-arm are two perspective bitmaps from different angles, which are inefficient and have poor 3D guidance effects. In addition, the use of C-arm will bring continuous radiation to medical staff and patients. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region which has a simple structure and is easy to use, and a method for using the tool.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a foreign body positioning tool deep in the maxillofacial region, comprising a bite plate mounted on the maxillary dentition of a human body and a guide rod in contact with the foreign body, the guide rod comprising a positioning rod, a connecting block and a steering head for positioning the foreign body, the bite plate having a connecting device for fixing the connecting block on the side close to the cheek of the human body, the connecting device having a first connecting hole, the connecting block having a fixing column that cooperates with the first connecting hole, one side of the steering head having a first socket for fixing the positioning rod, and the steering head can rotate in a horizontal direction on the connecting block.

[0006] The position of the foreign body in the jaw is determined based on the patient's preoperative X-ray, CT, MRI, C-arm and other examination imaging data, the operation is designed, and the preoperative positioning information is transferred to the intraoperative operation. During the operation, as the operation progresses, the angle indicated by the positioning rod can be adjusted in real time through the steering head, and positioning rods of different lengths can be replaced at any time through the first jack, so that the positioning rod 23 can respectively guide the initial incision of the operation, the direction of soft tissue stripping, and the position of the foreign body, thereby realizing true 3D navigation. The whole process is free of any radiation and has no hardware equipment requirements for medical institutions. At the same time, the positioning tool of the present invention has few components, low production and use costs, a simple intraoperative placement process, high surgical efficiency, and saved surgical time.

[0007] Preferably, the steering head has a mounting groove that can be sleeved on the connecting block, the vertical opposite surfaces in the mounting groove are provided with hemispherical protrusions, and the vertical opposite surfaces on the connecting block are provided with hemispherical grooves that cooperate with the hemispherical protrusions.

[0008] By cooperating the mounting groove, the hemispherical protrusion and the hemispherical groove, the steering head can be rotated on the connecting block by utilizing a fully mechanical structure, thereby reducing the production cost and simplifying the manufacture.

[0009] Preferably, there is a distance between the bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block.

[0010] The distance between the bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block should be larger than the distance between the groove and the side of the connecting block close to the human body's large teeth, ensuring that there is enough distance between the connecting block and the steering head for the steering head to rotate and adjust on the connecting block.

[0011] Preferably, the surfaces of the connecting block close to the upper and lower dentition are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, and the arc-shaped guide grooves are close to the side of the human body's molars. The mounting grooves and the parts corresponding to the arc-shaped guide grooves are provided with threaded guide holes, and the threaded guide holes are close to the side of the lower dentition. A screw is provided in the threaded guide hole, and the screw can slide in the arc-shaped guide groove.

[0012] By utilizing the arrangement of a screw rod, a threaded guide hole and an arc-shaped guide groove, in which the surface of the arc-shaped guide groove in contact with the end face of the screw rod is narrow, and the surface away from the end face of the screw rod is wide, the screw rod can lock the steering head after penetrating deeper, and after the angle of the steering head is adjusted, the position of the steering head on the connecting block is locked, which can avoid the problem of reduced positioning accuracy during surgery caused by the sliding of the positioning rod during the operation. At the same time, the end of the screw rod can slide in the arc-shaped guide groove, and when it is necessary to adjust the angle of the steering head on the connecting block, the adjustment resistance of the steering head is reduced.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting block has a marking area on one side close to the arc-shaped guide groove and close to the human molars, a pointer cooperating with the marking area is provided on the groove wall of the installation groove, and a marking point cooperating with the pointer is provided on the marking area.

[0014] The marking area is used to record the foreign body information and the rotation angle of the steering head in the arc guide groove. The marking area and the pointer can be used to assist in adjusting the position of the steering head. According to the operation designed before the operation, the position where the steering head needs to be rotated each time during the operation is marked in the marking area. The angle of the steering head in the connecting block is adjusted by the pointer, so that the accuracy of each adjustment of the steering head is higher.

[0015] The method for using the above-mentioned maxillofacial deep foreign body locating tool comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Record the position information between the foreign body and the jawbone through the multi-slice spiral CT scan taken by the patient before surgery.

[0017] Step 2: Before the operation, use an optical scanner to obtain an STL digital dental model, match the dental model with the dentition information of the CT data, and obtain a jaw model with a high-precision maxillary dentition. Make a digital bite plate that can cover the patient's maxillary dentition. The bite plate needs to cover at least half of the dentition on the affected side and be more than 5 mm thick.

[0018] Step 3: Design based on preoperative CT and tooth model, consisting of bite plate, connecting device, and guide rod. The designed product is 3D printed and can locate foreign bodies with reference to the patient's dentition.

[0019] Step 4: During the operation, the bite plate obtained in step 3 is covered on the patient's maxillary dentition, and the guide rod is fixed to the bite plate through a connecting device. All position information is in the order of "foreign body → jawbone → teeth → bite plate → connecting device → guide rod".

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. During the surgical planning process, the present invention uses imaging to perform positioning. During use, the positioning information is transferred to the intraoperative operation using a positioning rod. There is no radiation, no hardware equipment requirements for medical institutions, and the intraoperative placement process is simple, low-cost, and high-efficiency, saving surgical time and realizing true 3D navigation.

[0022] 2. Through the setting of the steering head, marking area and pointer, the positioning rod can adjust the steering angle according to the location of the foreign body and the surgical approach to meet different surgical approaches.

[0023] 3. By setting the arc guide groove, threaded guide hole and screw, the position of the steering head on the connecting block is locked, which can avoid the problem of reduced positioning accuracy during surgery caused by the position sliding of the positioning rod during the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection block structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a steering head of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Occlusal plate, 11. Connecting device, 2. Guide rod, 21. Connecting block, 210. Hemispherical groove, 211. Fixing column, 212. Arc guide groove, 213. Marking area, 214. Marking point, 22. Steering head, 221. First plug hole, 222. Mounting groove, 223. Hemispherical protrusion, 224. Threaded guide hole, 225. Pointer, 23. Positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1;

[0031] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, a tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region comprises a bite plate 1 sleeved on the maxillary dentition of a human body and a guide rod 2 in contact with the foreign body, the guide rod 2 comprising a positioning rod 23 for locating the foreign body, a connecting block 21 and a steering head 22, the bite plate 1 having a connecting device 11 for fixing the connecting block 21 on the side close to the cheek of the human body, the connecting device 11 having a first connecting hole, the connecting block 21 having a fixing column 211 cooperating with the first connecting hole, one side of the steering head 22 having a first plug hole 221 for fixing the positioning rod 23, and the steering head 22 can rotate in a horizontal direction on the connecting block 21.

[0032] The position of the foreign body in the jaw is determined based on the patient's preoperative X-ray, CT, MRI, C-arm and other examination imaging data, the operation is designed, and the preoperative positioning information is transferred to the intraoperative operation. During the operation, as the operation progresses, the angle indicated by the positioning rod 23 can be adjusted in real time by rotating the steering head 22. At the same time, the positioning rod 23 of different lengths can be replaced at any time through the first jack 221, so that the positioning rod 23 can respectively guide the initial incision of the operation, the direction of soft tissue stripping, and the position of the foreign body, thereby realizing true 3D navigation. The whole process is free of any radiation and has no hardware equipment requirements for medical institutions. At the same time, the positioning tool of the present invention has few components, low production and use costs, a simple intraoperative placement process, high surgical efficiency, and saved surgical time.

[0033] In the above, the steering head 22 has a mounting groove 222 that can be sleeved on the connecting block 21, and the vertical opposite surfaces in the mounting groove 222 are provided with hemispherical protrusions 223, and the vertical opposite surfaces on the connecting block 21 are provided with hemispherical grooves 210 that cooperate with the hemispherical protrusions 223, and there is a spacing between the bottom of the mounting groove 222 and the connecting block 21.

[0034] The steering head 22 is sleeved on the connecting block 21 through the mounting groove 222. The steering head 22 and the connecting block 21 are fixed by the mating protrusion 223 and the groove 210. The protrusion 223 can roll in the groove 210. The steering head 22 is fixed to the connecting block 21 through this connection structure, and the steering head 22 can be rotated on the connecting block 21 with the protrusion 223 as the axis. At the same time, the distance between the bottom of the mounting groove 222 and the connecting block 21 is greater than the distance between the groove 210 and the side connected to the human body's large teeth, ensuring that there is enough distance between the connecting block 21 and the steering head 22 for the steering head 22 to rotate and adjust.

[0035] In the above, the surfaces of the connecting block 21 close to the upper and lower dentition are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves 212, and the arc-shaped guide grooves 212 are close to the side of the human body's molars. The mounting grooves 222 and the corresponding parts of the arc-shaped guide grooves 212 are provided with threaded guide holes 224, and the threaded guide holes 224 are close to the side of the lower dentition. A screw is provided in the threaded guide hole 224, and the screw can slide in the arc-shaped guide groove 212.

[0036] The area from the maxillary dentition to the mandibular dentition is the surgical operation area. After the adjustment position of the steering head 22 is determined each time, the position of the steering head 22 is locked by inserting a screw into the arc guide groove 212 to guide the operation. This can avoid the problem of reduced positioning accuracy during the operation caused by the sliding of the positioning rod 23 during the operation. At the same time, the positioning rod 23 can be used to adjust the angle to meet the needs of different surgeries and surgical approaches. Through the preoperatively designed surgery, the end of the screw can slide in the arc guide groove 212. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the steering head 22 on the connecting block 21, the adjustment resistance of the steering head 22 is reduced.

[0037] Embodiment 2;

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, further, the connecting block 21 has a marking area 213 on the side close to the arc guide groove 212 and close to the human molars, and the groove wall of the mounting groove 222 is provided with a pointer 225 that cooperates with the marking area 213, and the marking area 213 has a marking point 214 that cooperates with the pointer 225.

[0039] During the surgical planning process, the angle that the steering head 22 needs to rotate during the operation is determined by using the imaging positioning information, and then a marking point 214 is made on the marking area 213 according to the preoperative surgical plan. During the operation, when the steering head 22 needs to be rotated, the pointer 225 and the marking point 214 are set to determine the angle of each rotation of the steering head 22, and the steering head 22 is locked at the marking point 214 pointed to by the pointer 225 by inserting the screw into the arc guide groove 212, thereby further improving the positioning accuracy.

[0040] The rest of the working principle of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1.

[0041] Embodiment 3;

[0042] like Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, a tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region comprises a bite plate 1 sleeved on the upper jaw dentition of a human body and a guide rod 2 in contact with the foreign body, the guide rod 2 comprising a positioning rod 23 for locating the foreign body, a connecting block 21 and a steering head 22, the bite plate 1 having a connecting device 11 for fixing the connecting block 21 on the side close to the cheek of the human body, the connecting device 11 having a first connecting hole, the connecting block 21 having a fixing column 211 for cooperating with the first connecting hole, one side of the steering head 22 having a first plug hole 221 for fixing the positioning rod 23, the steering head 22 being rotatable in a horizontal direction on the connecting block 21, the steering head 22 having a mounting groove 222 which can be sleeved on the connecting block 21, the vertically opposite surfaces in the mounting groove 222 being provided with hemispherical protrusions 223, the vertically opposite surfaces on the connecting block 21 being provided with hemispherical protrusions 221 for cooperating with the hemispherical protrusions The hemispherical groove 210 cooperates with the protrusion 223, and there is a spacing between the bottom of the installation groove 222 and the connecting block 21. The connecting block 21 is provided with an arc guide groove 212 on the surface close to the upper and lower teeth, and the arc guide groove 212 is close to the side of the human body's molars. The installation groove 222 and the arc guide groove 212 The corresponding part is provided with a threaded guide hole 224, and the threaded guide hole 224 is close to the side of the lower dentition. A screw is provided in the threaded guide hole 224, and the screw can slide in the arc guide groove 212. The connecting block 21 is close to the arc guide groove 212 and has a marking area 213 on the side close to the molars of the human body. A pointer 225 that cooperates with the marking area 213 is provided on the groove wall of the installation groove 222, and a marking point 214 that cooperates with the pointer 225 is provided on the marking area 213.

[0043] When in use, the position of the foreign body in the jaw is determined according to the patient's preoperative X-ray, CT, MRI, C-arm and other examination imaging data, and the position of the connecting device 11 on the bite plate 1 is confirmed according to the position of the foreign body in the jaw. The operation is designed according to the preoperative imaging data. According to the preoperatively designed operation, the position where the steering head 22 needs to be turned each time during the operation is marked in advance in the marking area 213. When in use, the bite plate 1 that matches the size of the patient's dentition is placed on the patient's maxillary dentition, and then the positioning rod 23 is inserted into the first socket 221 of the steering head 22. During the operation, The positioning rods 23 of different lengths are continuously replaced according to the progress of the operation, so that the positioning rods 23 respectively guide the initial incision of the operation, the direction of soft tissue stripping, and the location of foreign bodies. The steering head 22 is sleeved on the connecting block 21 through the mounting groove 222. The steering head 22 and the connecting block 21 are fixed by the mutually matching protrusions 223 and the grooves 210. The protrusions 223 can roll in the grooves 210. The steering head 22 is fixed to the connecting block 21 through this connection structure, and the steering head 22 can be rotated on the connecting block 21 with the protrusions 223 as the axis. As the progress of the operation requires, the steering head 22 can be rotated. When the operation is performed, the pointer 225 is used to determine the adjustment angle of the steering head 22 on the connecting block 21 with reference to the mark in the marking area 213 before the operation, so that the adjustment accuracy of the steering head 22 is higher each time. After the position of the steering head 22 is determined, the screw is inserted into the arc guide groove 212 to lock the steering head 22 at the position of the marking point 214 on the marking area 213 to guide the operation. At the same time, the positioning rod 23 can adjust the angle thereby to meet different operations and surgical approaches. Through the operation designed before the operation, the degree of rotation of the steering head 22 on the connecting block 21 is determined by the mark in the marking area 213 before the operation. The marks made are used as the basis for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region from the perspective of imaging. The occlusal plate 1, connecting device 11 and guide rod 2 are designed according to the dentition. All position information is transferred to the positioning rod 23 that can contact the foreign body in the order of "foreign body → jawbone → teeth → occlusal plate → connecting device → guide rod", and finally plays the role of assisting the surgery, transferring the imaging positioning information to the actual intraoperative operation, without any radiation, and no hardware equipment requirements for medical institutions. The intraoperative placement process is simple, low-cost, and highly efficient, saving surgical time and realizing true 3D navigation.

[0044] The method for using the tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3 comprises the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Record the position information between the foreign body and the jawbone through the multi-slice spiral CT scan taken by the patient before surgery.

[0046] Step 2: Before the operation, use an optical scanner to obtain an STL digital dental model, match the dental model with the dentition information of the CT data, obtain a jaw model with high-precision dentition, and make a digital bite plate 1 that can cover the patient's dentition. The bite plate needs to cover at least half of the dentition on the affected side and be more than 5 mm thick.

[0047] Step 3: Design based on preoperative CT and tooth model, consisting of an occlusal plate 1, a connecting device 11, and a guide rod 2. The designed product is 3D printed and can locate foreign bodies with reference to the patient's dentition.

[0048] Step 4: During the operation, the bite plate 1 obtained in step 3 is covered on the patient's dentition, and the guide rod 2 is fixed to the bite plate 1 through the connecting device 11. All position information is in the order of "foreign body → jawbone → teeth → bite plate → connecting device → guide rod".

[0049] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region, characterized in that: It comprises a bite plate sleeved on the upper jaw dentition of a human body and a guide rod in contact with a foreign body, the guide rod comprising a positioning rod for positioning the foreign body, a connecting block and a steering head, the bite plate having a connecting device for fixing the connecting block on the side close to the cheek of the human body, the connecting device having a first connecting hole, the connecting block having a fixing column cooperating with the first connecting hole, one side of the steering head having a second plug hole for fixing the positioning rod, and the steering head being rotatable in a horizontal direction on the connecting block; The steering head has a mounting groove that can be sleeved on the connecting block, the vertically opposite surfaces in the mounting groove are provided with hemispherical protrusions, and the vertically opposite surfaces on the connecting block are provided with hemispherical grooves that cooperate with the hemispherical protrusions; There is a distance between the bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block; The surfaces of the connecting block close to the upper dentition and the lower dentition are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, and the arc-shaped guide grooves are close to the side of the human body's large teeth. The installation grooves are provided with threaded guide holes at the positions corresponding to the arc-shaped guide grooves, and the threaded guide holes are close to the side of the lower dentition. A screw is provided in the threaded guide holes, and the screw slides in the arc-shaped guide grooves. The connecting block has a marking area on one side close to the arc-shaped guide groove and close to the human molars, a pointer cooperating with the marking area is provided on the groove wall of the installation groove, and a marking point cooperating with the pointer is provided on the marking area.

2. The method for using the tool for locating foreign bodies deep in the maxillofacial region as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use the multi-slice spiral CT scan taken before the operation to record the position information between the foreign body and the jawbone; Step 2: Before the operation, an optical scanner is used to obtain an STL digital dental model, which is matched with the dental information of the CT data to obtain a jaw model with a high-precision maxillary dentition. A digital bite plate is made to cover the patient's maxillary dentition. The bite plate needs to cover at least half of the dentition on the affected side and be thicker than 5 mm. Step 3: Design based on preoperative CT and tooth model, consisting of bite plate, connection device, guide rod, and 3D printing of the designed product, which can locate foreign bodies with reference to the patient's dentition; Step 4: During the operation, the bite plate obtained in step 3 is covered on the patient's dentition, and the guide rod is fixed to the bite plate through a connecting device. All position information follows the order of "foreign body → jawbone → teeth → bite plate → connecting device → guide rod".

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