PNP BJT type power supply controller based on astable multivibrator

Abstract

A PNP BJT type power supply controller based on an astable multivibrator includes a port Vcc, a port Vss and a port Out, and also includes a PNP type BJT tube Q1, a PNP type BJT tube Q2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a controlled current source 1, a controlled current source 2 and an output unit. The power supply controller can be connected to a high-voltage side power semiconductor device in a power supply, and the current size of the controlled current source will directly affect the switch working cycle and duty cycle of the high-voltage side power semiconductor device in the power supply. The present invention can be self-excited, has a simple structure, is easy to integrate, has high reliability, and has a wide operating voltage range, and is particularly suitable for applications with higher input voltages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power supply controller. A controlled current source is introduced on the basis of an astable multivibrator. The power supply controller can work normally within a wide input voltage range. It not only has the dual ability to adjust the operating frequency and duty cycle, but also has the ability to drive power semiconductor devices. It can match the high-side BJT tube, MOS tube, IGBT tube, etc. in the converter, and is particularly suitable for applications with higher input voltages. The power supply controller can be applied to emergency power supply, new energy generation, battery charging and discharging, LED driving and other fields. Background Art

[0002] Due to the consideration of mass market demand and standardization, the operating voltage range of most commercially available power controllers is basically in the range of several volts to tens of volts. When the input voltage range of the power supply is inconsistent with the operating voltage range of the power controller, most of them will use an independent auxiliary power supply or a non-independent auxiliary power supply branch to power the power controller to ensure its normal operation. However, both the independent auxiliary power supply and the non-independent auxiliary power supply branch need to occupy a certain space, and at the same time increase the loss, which will have an adverse effect on the miniaturization and high efficiency of the entire power supply.

[0003] In view of the refined demand for high input voltage, the power supply requires a power supply controller with a wide operating voltage range, whose operating voltage range can cover the input voltage range of the power supply, and no longer needs an independent auxiliary power supply and a non-independent auxiliary power supply branch to power it. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the limitations of the operating voltage range of most existing commercially available power supply controllers, the present invention provides a PNP BJT type power supply controller based on an astable multivibrator, which has a relatively wide operating voltage range. The power supply using it as the controller has advantages in miniaturization and high efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A PNP BJT type power controller based on an astable multivibrator comprises a port Vcc, a port Vss and a port Out, and also comprises a PNP type BJT tube Q1, a PNP type BJT tube Q2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a controlled current source 1, a controlled current source 2 and an output unit, wherein the output unit comprises a port a and a port b, an emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to a first port of the controlled current source 1, a cathode of the diode D1, a cathode of the diode D2, an emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Q2 and the port Vcc, a base of the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to an anode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1, and a The collector of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to the port a of the output unit, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the base of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to the anode of diode D2 and one end of the resistor R2, the collector of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to one end of resistor R5 and one end of capacitor C2, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C2 and the first port of controlled current source 2, the other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of resistor R2, one end of resistor R4 and the second port of controlled current source 1, the second port of controlled current source 2 is connected to the other end of resistor R3, the other end of resistor R4, the other end of resistor R5 and port Vss, and port b of the output unit is connected to port Out;

[0007] The current is1 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 1 affects the charging speed of the capacitor C1 when the PNP-type BJT tube Q2 is turned on and the discharging speed of C1 when the PNP-type BJT tube Q1 is turned on. If is1>0 and the larger is1, the shorter the on-time of Q2 and the longer the on-time of Q1, which in turn affects the control signal of port a.

[0008] The current is2 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 2 affects the discharge speed of the capacitor C2 when the PNP-type BJT tube Q2 is turned on and the charging speed of C2 when the PNP-type BJT tube Q1 is turned on. If is2>0 and the larger is2, the longer the on-time of Q1 is and the shorter the on-time of Q2 is, which in turn affects the control signal of port a.

[0009] The output unit converts the control signal of port a into a driving signal of port b, so that the power controller has the ability to drive the power semiconductor device;

[0010] The power controller controls the switching state of the power semiconductor device in the power supply, the power supply provides the necessary electrical energy for the power controller, the port Vcc of the power controller is the positive end of the power supply port, the port Vss of the power controller is the negative end of the power supply port, and the port Out of the power controller is connected to the control port of the power semiconductor device in the power supply.

[0011] The power supply controller may be connected to a high-voltage side power semiconductor device in a power supply.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply composed of the power supply controller includes a power main circuit and a control circuit with the power supply controller as the core. The power main circuit is any power electronic circuit including a high-voltage side power semiconductor device (such as: Buck circuit, Buck-Boost circuit and their derivative circuits).

[0013] Furthermore, as a preferred solution of the controlled current source 1, the controlled current source 1 further includes a PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1, a voltage regulator tube Zsa1 and a resistor Rsa1, the emitter of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 1, the collector of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 1, the base of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1, the anode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1 is connected to one end of the resistor Rsa1, and the other end of the resistor Rsa1 is connected to the port Vss. The controlled current source 1 has the characteristic of voltage self-adaptation at the power supply end, that is, the current is1 is related to the voltage of the port Vcc.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the controlled current source 2, the controlled current source 2 also includes a port Control, a resistor Rsb1 and an NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, one end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 2, the other end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the collector of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, the base of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the port Control, the emitter of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 2, the port Control is connected to the detection signal in the power supply, and the detection signal includes at least one of a detection signal of an inductor current, a detection signal of a capacitor current, a detection signal of a load current, a detection signal of an inductor voltage, a detection signal of a capacitor voltage, a detection signal of a load voltage, and a detection signal of an input voltage; or, the port Control is connected to a digital-to-analog converter controlled by a programmable device, and the programmable device is a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP or an FPGA.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the output unit, the output unit also includes an NPN BJT tube Qa1, a PNP BJT tube Qa2, a resistor Ra1, a capacitor Ca1, a diode Da1 and a diode Da2, the collector of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qa2 is connected to the port Vss, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, one end of the resistor Ra1, one end of the capacitor Ca1 and the anode of the diode Da1, the other end of the resistor Ra1 is simultaneously connected to the other end of the capacitor Ca1 and the cathode of the diode Da2, and the anode of the diode Da2 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the diode Da1 and the port b of the output unit.

[0016] The output unit is matched with the P-channel MOS tube and P-channel IGBT tube on the high-voltage side of the power supply. In the power supply, except for the control port, one port of the high-voltage side power semiconductor device is always at a high level, which is called the high-voltage side port, and the remaining ports are called non-high-voltage side ports. The traditional Buck circuit contains a high-voltage side power semiconductor device. Taking the high-voltage side P-channel MOS tube as an example, its high-voltage side port is the source, the non-high-voltage side port is the drain, and the control port is the gate; taking the high-voltage side P-channel IGBT tube as an example, its high-voltage side port is the emitter, the non-high-voltage side port is the collector, and the control port is the gate. The function of the diode Da1 is to accelerate the turn-off speed of the high-voltage side power semiconductor device. The function of the capacitor Ca1 is to accelerate the turn-on speed of the high-voltage side power semiconductor device.

[0017] As another preferred embodiment of the output unit, the output unit further includes an NPN BJT tube Qb1, a PNP BJT tube Qb2, a resistor Rb1, a capacitor Cb1 and a resistor Rb2, the collector of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is simultaneously connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qb2 is connected to the port Vss, the capacitor Cb1 is connected in series with the resistor Rb2, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, one end of the resistor Rb1 and one end of a series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2, and the other end of the resistor Rb1 is simultaneously connected to the port b of the output unit and the other end of the series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2.

[0018] The output unit is matched with the PNP type BJT tube on the high-voltage side of the power supply. The high-voltage side port of the PNP type BJT tube on the high-voltage side is the emitter, the non-high-voltage side port is the collector, and the control port is the base. The function of the series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2 is to accelerate the switching speed of the PNP type BJT tube on the high-voltage side.

[0019] The technical concept of the present invention is: to use a typical astable multivibrator (see Figure 1 ) is transformed, and on this basis, a controlled current source is introduced to construct a power controller with a wide operating voltage range. The current size of the controlled current source will directly affect the switching duty cycle and duty cycle of the high-voltage side power semiconductor devices in the power supply. At the same time, the constructed power controller is suitable for any power electronic circuit containing high-voltage side power semiconductor devices.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in that the constructed power supply controller can be self-excited, has a simple structure, is easy to integrate, has high reliability, and its operating voltage range can be as wide as several volts to hundreds of volts or more. When its operating voltage range can cover the input voltage range of the power supply, the use of an independent auxiliary power supply or a non-independent auxiliary power supply branch can be eliminated, so that the composed power supply has the advantages of miniaturization and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a typical NPN astable multivibrator circuit diagram.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of an output unit solution adopted by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of another output unit solution adopted by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial circuit diagram of a controlled current source 1 scheme adopted in the present invention (output unit omitted).

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial circuit diagram of the present invention using a controlled current source 2 solution (output unit omitted).

[0026] Figure 6 1 is a circuit diagram used in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 1 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under open-loop control in Example 1 of the present invention (start-up phase).

[0028] Figure 8 4 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under closed-loop control in Example 1 of the present invention (steady-state stage).

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 1 of the present invention under the condition of the lowest input voltage.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 1 of the present invention under the condition of the highest input voltage.

[0031] Fig.11 This is a circuit diagram used in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 4 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under open-loop control in Example 2 of the present invention (start-up phase).

[0033] Fig.13 4 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under closed-loop control in Example 2 of the present invention (steady-state stage).

[0034] Fig.14 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 2 of the present invention under the condition of the lowest input voltage.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 2 of the present invention under the condition of the highest input voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5A PNP BJT type power controller based on an astable multivibrator includes a port Vcc, a port Vss and a port Out, and also includes a PNP type BJT tube Q1, a PNP type BJT tube Q2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a controlled current source 1, a controlled current source 2 and an output unit, wherein the output unit includes a port a and a port b, and the emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to the first port of the controlled current source 1, the diode D The cathode of the PNP BJT tube Q1, the cathode of the diode D2, the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Q2 and the port Vcc are connected, the base of the PNP BJT tube Q1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Q1 is connected to the port a of the output unit, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the base of the PNP BJT tube Q2 is connected to the anode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R2, and the collector of the PNP BJT tube Q2 is connected to the anode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R2. The first electrode is connected to one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the capacitor C2 at the same time, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2 and the first port of the controlled current source 2 at the same time, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, one end of the resistor R4 and the second port of the controlled current source 1 at the same time, the second port of the controlled current source 2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R5 and the port Vss at the same time, and the port b of the output unit is connected to the port Out; the output unit converts the control signal of the port a into the driving signal of the port b, so that the power controller has the ability to drive the power semiconductor device; the power controller controls the switching state of the power semiconductor device in the power supply, the power supply provides the necessary electric energy for the power controller, the port Vcc of the power controller is the positive end of the power supply port, the port Vss of the power controller is the negative end of the power supply port, and the port Out of the power controller is connected to the control port of the power semiconductor device in the power supply.

[0039] Furthermore, the controlled current source 1 further comprises a PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1, a voltage regulator tube Zsa1 and a resistor Rsa1, the emitter of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 1, the collector of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 1, the base of the PNP-type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1, the anode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1 is connected to one end of the resistor Rsa1, and the other end of the resistor Rsa1 is connected to the port Vss. The controlled current source 1 has the characteristic of voltage self-adaptation at the power supply end, that is, the current is1 is related to the voltage of the port Vcc.

[0040] The controlled current source 2 also includes a port Control, a resistor Rsb1 and an NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, one end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 2, the other end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the collector of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, the base of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the port Control, and the emitter of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 2. The port Control is connected to a detection signal in the power supply, and the detection signal includes at least one of a detection signal of an inductor current, a detection signal of a capacitor current, a detection signal of a load current, a detection signal of an inductor voltage, a detection signal of a capacitor voltage, a detection signal of a load voltage, and a detection signal of an input voltage; or, the port Control is connected to a digital-to-analog converter controlled by a programmable device, and the programmable device is a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP or an FPGA.

[0041] Furthermore, the output unit further includes an NPN BJT tube Qa1, a PNP BJT tube Qa2, a resistor Ra1, a capacitor Ca1, a diode Da1 and a diode Da2, the collector of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qa2 is connected to the port Vss, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, one end of the resistor Ra1, one end of the capacitor Ca1 and the anode of the diode Da1, the other end of the resistor Ra1 is simultaneously connected to the other end of the capacitor Ca1 and the cathode of the diode Da2, the anode of the diode Da2 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the diode Da1 and the port b of the output unit. The output unit is matched with the P-channel MOS tube and the P-channel IGBT tube on the high-voltage side of the power supply.

[0042] and Figure 1 By comparing the typical NPN type astable multivibrator shown in the figure, it can be seen that the power controller is an improved version of its dual PNP type. In order to meet the needs of wide operating voltage and high input voltage applications, the power controller adds D1 and D2 on the basis of improvement, which can suppress the negative voltage appearing on the base-emitter of Q1 and Q2 during the oscillation process, prevent the base-emitter of Q1 and Q2 from being reversely broken down, and also increase the operating frequency of the oscillation; R1 and R2 are added, which can limit the base current of Q1 and Q2 during the oscillation process, and prevent the base of Q1 and Q2 from overheating.

[0043] In addition to the similar structure, the self-excited oscillation working mechanism of the power supply controller is also similar to that of the astable multivibrator. In the working voltage range where the controlled current source 1 is active (i.e., is1>0), Q1 and Q2 are alternately turned on and off, and the oscillation working frequency is related to the voltage of the port Vcc.

[0044] To provide a wide duty cycle range, the power supply controller takes C1 << C2. Moreover, both the controlled current source 1 and the controlled current source 2 can affect the duty cycle of the control signal at port a. The current is1 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 1 affects the charging speed of the capacitor C1 when the PNP BJT Q2 is turned on and the discharging speed of C1 when the PNP BJT Q1 is turned on. When is1>0 and the larger is1 is, the shorter the conduction time of Q2 is and the longer the conduction time of Q1 is, thereby affecting the control signal at port a; the current is2 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 2 affects the discharging speed of the capacitor C2 when the PNP BJT Q2 is turned on and the charging speed of C2 when the PNP BJT Q1 is turned on. When is2>0 and the larger is2 is, the longer the conduction time of Q1 is and the shorter the conduction time of Q2 is, thereby affecting the control signal at port a. By reasonably using the controlled current source 1 and the controlled current source 2, an effective feedforward or feedback control loop can be formed.

[0045] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6The power supply composed of the power supply controller includes a power main circuit and a control circuit with the power supply controller as the core. The power main circuit includes a P-channel MOS tube Mn1, a diode Dn1, a diode Dn2, a capacitor Cn1, an inductor Ln1, an inductor Ln2, a capacitor Cn2 and a resistor Rn1. The positive end of the DC power supply is connected to the source of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1 and the anode of the diode Dn2 at the same time. The drain of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1 is connected to the anode of the diode Dn1. The cathode of the diode Dn2 is connected to one end of the capacitor Cn1 and one end of the inductor Ln2 at the same time. The other end of the inductor Ln2 is connected to one end of the capacitor Cn2 and one end of the load at the same time. The other end of the load is connected to the other end of the capacitor Cn2, one end of the inductor Ln1 and one end of the resistor Rn1 at the same time. The other end of the inductor Ln1 is connected to the cathode of the diode Dn1 and the other end of the capacitor Cn1 at the same time. The other end of the resistor Rn1 is connected to the negative end of the DC power supply. The power main circuit is a boost type power electronic circuit. Wherein, Mn1 is a high-voltage side semiconductor power device. The steady-state working principle of the power main circuit in the continuous conduction mode (or current continuous mode) is as follows: (1) When Mn1 is turned on, Dn2 is turned off, the DC power supply, Mn1, Dn1, Ln1, and Rn1 form a loop, and the DC power supply, Mn1, Dn1, Cn1, Ln2, Cn2, load, and Rn1 form another loop; (2) When Mn1 is turned off, Dn2 is turned on, the DC power supply, Dn2, Cn1, Ln1, and Rn1 form a loop, and the DC power supply, Dn2, Ln2, Cn2, load, and Rn1 form another loop.

[0046] The control circuit includes the power controller and the voltage regulator Zn1. The port Vcc of the power controller is connected to the positive end of the DC power supply and the cathode of the voltage regulator Zn1 at the same time. The port Out of the power controller is connected to the anode of the voltage regulator Zn1 and the gate of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1 at the same time. The port Control of the power controller is connected to one end of the resistor Rn1, and the port Vss of the power controller is connected to the negative end of the DC power supply. The function of the voltage regulator Zn1 is to prevent the source-gate voltage of Mn1 from being too high. The control circuit implements dual control on the power main circuit: input current ii peak control and DC power supply voltage Vi adaptive control.

[0047] For a wide and high input voltage application, i.e., a DC power supply voltage of Vi = 120-177V, Mn1 can use IRF9610, Q1, Q2, Qsa1, Qa2 can use MPSA94, Qsb1 and Qa1 can use MPSA44, and Zsa1 can use D05AZ100. A voltage type load (such as a battery and an LED) is selected to simulate the embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 71 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under open-loop control in Example 1 of the present invention (start-up phase). Figure 8 1 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under closed-loop control (steady-state stage) in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 7 It can be seen that under the open-loop control condition (i.e., the port Control is disconnected from the power main circuit and short-circuited with the port Vss), the power controller can work in self-excitation at both the lowest input voltage Vi_min (=120V) and the highest input voltage Vi_max (=177V), but there is a difference in the control signal voltage va at port a, not only the oscillation working frequency is different, but also the duty cycle is different. This shows that the power controller has the characteristics of DC power supply voltage or input voltage self-adaptation. Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that under the closed-loop control condition (ie, the port Control is connected to the power main circuit), the port Control changes the oscillation frequency of va through the action of the controlled current source 2, and the duty cycle is also reduced. Fig. 9 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 1 of the present invention at the lowest input voltage. Fig.10 is a simulation waveform diagram of the embodiment 1 of the present invention at the highest input voltage. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the power supply can achieve a constant load voltage Vo within a wide DC input voltage range, and Vo>Vi.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5A PNP BJT type power controller based on an astable multivibrator includes a port Vcc, a port Vss and a port Out, and also includes a PNP BJT tube Q1, a PNP BJT tube Q2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a controlled current source 1, a controlled current source 2 and an output unit, the output unit includes a port a and a port b, the output unit also includes an NPN BJT tube Qb1, a PNP BJT tube Qb2, a resistor Rb1, a capacitor Cb1 and a resistor Rb2, the collector of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 The base of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qb2 is connected to the port Vss, the capacitor Cb1 is connected in series with the resistor Rb2, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, one end of the resistor Rb1 and one end of the series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2, and the other end of the resistor Rb1 is connected to the port b of the output unit and the other end of the series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2. The output unit is matched with the PNP BJT tube on the high-voltage side of the power supply.

[0050] The rest of the power controller in Example 2 is the same as that in Example 1, and the working mechanism is also similar.

[0051] Further, refer to Fig.11 The power supply composed of the power supply controller includes a main power circuit and a control circuit with the power supply controller as the core.

[0052] The power main circuit includes an inductor Lk1, a diode Dk5, a capacitor Ck1, a diode Dk1, a diode Dk2, a PNP BJT tube Qk1, a PNP BJT tube Qk2, an inductor Lk2, a resistor Rk3 and a capacitor Ck2. The positive end of the DC power supply is simultaneously connected to one end of the inductor Lk1 and the cathode of the diode Dk5, the other end of the inductor Lk1 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode Dk5, one end of the capacitor Ck1 and the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, and the other end of the capacitor Ck1 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the diode Dk1 and the emitter of the diode Dk5. The anode of the diode Dk2 is connected to the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qk2 and one end of the inductor Lk2 at the same time, the other end of the inductor Lk2 is connected to one end of the resistor Rk3, the other end of the resistor Rk3 is connected to one end of the capacitor Ck2 and one end of the load at the same time, the other end of the load is connected to the other end of the capacitor Ck2, the anode of the diode Dk1 and the negative end of the DC power supply at the same time, and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk1 is connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qk2. The power main circuit is a step-down power electronic circuit. Among them, Qk1 and Qk2 are high-voltage side semiconductor power devices (the emitter voltage of Qk1 ≈ the DC power supply voltage Vi when working in a steady state). The function of Dk5 is to prevent the terminal voltage of Ck1 from being too high. The steady-state working principle of the power main circuit in the continuous conduction mode (or current continuous mode) is as follows: (1) when Qk1 and Qk2 are turned on, Dk2 is turned off, the DC power supply, Lk1, Qk1, Qk2, Lk2, Rk3, Ck2 and the load form one loop, and Ck1, Qk1, Qk2, Lk2, Rk3, Ck2, the load and Dk1 form another loop; (2) when Qk1 and Qk2 are turned off, Dk2 is turned on, the DC power supply, Lk1, Ck1, Dk2, Lk2, Rk3, Ck2 and the load form one loop, and Dk1, Dk2, Lk2, Rk3, Ck2 and the load form another loop.

[0053] The control circuit includes the power controller, resistor Rk1, diode Dk3, resistor Rk2 and diode Dk4, the port Vcc of the power controller is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, one end of the resistor Rk1, the cathode of the diode Dk3, one end of the resistor Rk2 and the cathode of the diode Dk4, the other end of the resistor Rk1 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode Dk3 and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, the port Out of the power controller is simultaneously connected to the other end of the resistor Rk2, the anode of the diode Dk4 and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk2, the port Control of the power controller is connected to one end of the resistor Rk3, and the port Vss of the power controller is connected to the other end of the resistor Rk3. The control circuit implements peak value control of the inductor current iLk2 on the power main circuit.

[0054] For a wide and high input voltage application, that is, the DC power supply voltage Vi = 120-177V, Q1, Q2, Qsa1, Qb2, Qk1 and Qk2 can use MPSA94, and Qsb1 and Qb1 can use MPSA44. Select voltage type load (such as: battery and LED) to simulate Example 2.

[0055] Fig.12 4 is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under open-loop control in Example 2 of the present invention (start-up phase). Fig.13 : is a comparison diagram of the control signal va at the lowest input voltage and the highest input voltage under closed-loop control in Example 2 of the present invention (steady-state stage). Fig.12 It can be seen that under the open-loop control condition (i.e., the port Control is disconnected from the power main circuit and short-circuited with the port Vss), the power controller can work in self-excitation at both the lowest input voltage Vi_min (=120V) and the highest input voltage Vi_max (=177V), but there is a difference in the control signal voltage va at port a, not only the oscillation working frequency is different, but also the duty cycle is different. This shows that the power controller has the characteristics of DC power supply voltage or input voltage self-adaptation. Fig.12 and Fig.13 It can be seen that under the closed-loop control condition (ie, the port Control is connected to the power main circuit), after the load voltage Vo rises and stabilizes, the port Control changes the oscillation operating frequency and duty cycle of va through the action of the controlled current source 2. Fig.14 It is a simulation waveform diagram of Example 2 of the present invention at the lowest input voltage. Fig.15 is a simulation waveform diagram of the embodiment 2 of the present invention at the highest input voltage. Fig.14 and Fig.15It can be seen that the power supply can achieve a constant load voltage Vo within a wide DC input voltage range, and Vo <Vi。

[0056] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to the equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A PNP BJT type power controller based on an astable multivibrator, characterized in that: The PNP BJT type power controller based on the astable multivibrator includes a port Vcc, a port Vss and a port Out, and also includes a PNP type BJT tube Q1, a PNP type BJT tube Q2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a controlled current source 1, a controlled current source 2 and an output unit, wherein the output unit includes a port a and a port b, an emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to the first port of the controlled current source 1, the cathode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D2, the emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Q2 and the port Vcc, a base of the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1, and the PNP type BJT tube Q The collector of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to the port a of the output unit, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the base of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to the anode of diode D2 and one end of the resistor R2, the collector of PNP BJT Q2 is connected to one end of resistor R5 and one end of capacitor C2, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C2 and the first port of controlled current source 2, the other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of resistor R2, one end of resistor R4 and the second port of controlled current source 1, the second port of controlled current source 2 is connected to the other end of resistor R3, the other end of resistor R4, the other end of resistor R5 and port Vss, and port b of the output unit is connected to port Out; The current is1 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 1 affects the charging speed of the capacitor C1 when the PNP type BJT tube Q2 is turned on and the discharging speed of C1 when the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is turned on, thereby affecting the control signal of the port a; The current is2 flowing into the first port of the controlled current source 2 affects the discharge speed of the capacitor C2 when the PNP type BJT tube Q2 is turned on and the charging speed of C2 when the PNP type BJT tube Q1 is turned on, thereby affecting the control signal of the port a; The output unit converts the control signal of port a into a driving signal of port b, so that the power controller has the ability to drive the power semiconductor device; The power controller controls the switching state of the power semiconductor device in the power supply, the power supply provides the necessary electrical energy for the power controller, the port Vcc of the power controller is the positive end of the power supply port, the port Vss of the power controller is the negative end of the power supply port, and the port Out of the power controller is connected to the control port of the power semiconductor device in the power supply.

2. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on the astable multivibrator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply composed of the power supply controller comprises a power main circuit and a control circuit with the power supply controller as the core. The power main circuit is any power electronic circuit including a high-voltage side power semiconductor device.

3. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on the astable multivibrator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled current source 1 also includes a PNP type BJT tube Qsa1, a voltage regulator tube Zsa1 and a resistor Rsa1. The emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 1, the collector of the PNP type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 1, the base of the PNP type BJT tube Qsa1 is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1, the anode of the voltage regulator tube Zsa1 is connected to one end of the resistor Rsa1, and the other end of the resistor Rsa1 is connected to the port Vss.

4. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on the astable multivibrator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled current source 2 further includes a port Control, a resistor Rsb1 and an NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, one end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the first port of the controlled current source 2, the other end of the resistor Rsb1 is connected to the collector of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1, the base of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the port Control, and the emitter of the NPN-type BJT tube Qsb1 is connected to the second port of the controlled current source 2. The port Control is connected to a detection signal in the power supply, and the detection signal includes at least one of a detection signal of an inductor current, a detection signal of a capacitor current, a detection signal of a load current, a detection signal of an inductor voltage, a detection signal of a capacitor voltage, a detection signal of a load voltage, and a detection signal of an input voltage; Alternatively, the port Control is connected to a digital-to-analog converter controlled by a programmable device, and the programmable device is a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP or an FPGA.

5. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on an astable multivibrator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The output unit also includes an NPN BJT tube Qa1, a PNP BJT tube Qa2, a resistor Ra1, a capacitor Ca1, a diode Da1 and a diode Da2. The collector of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qa2 is connected to the port Vss, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qa1 is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qa2, one end of the resistor Ra1, one end of the capacitor Ca1 and the anode of the diode Da1, the other end of the resistor Ra1 is simultaneously connected to the other end of the capacitor Ca1 and the cathode of the diode Da2, and the anode of the diode Da2 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the diode Da1 and the port b of the output unit.

6. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on the astable multivibrator as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The power supply composed of the power supply controller includes a power main circuit and a control circuit with the power supply controller as the core, wherein the power main circuit includes a P-channel MOS tube Mn1, a diode Dn1, a diode Dn2, a capacitor Cn1, an inductor Ln1, an inductor Ln2, a capacitor Cn2 and a resistor Rn1, the positive end of the DC power supply is simultaneously connected to the source of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1 and the anode of the diode Dn2, the drain of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1 is connected to the anode of the diode Dn1, the cathode of the diode Dn2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the capacitor Cn1 and one end of the inductor Ln2, the other end of the inductor Ln2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the capacitor Cn2 and one end of the load, the other end of the load is simultaneously connected to the other end of the capacitor Cn2, one end of the inductor Ln1 and one end of the resistor Rn1, the other end of the inductor Ln1 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the diode Dn1 and the other end of the capacitor Cn1, and the other end of the resistor Rn1 is connected to the negative end of the DC power supply; The control circuit includes the power controller and the voltage regulator Zn1, the port Vcc of the power controller is connected to the positive end of the DC power supply and the cathode of the voltage regulator Zn1, the port Out of the power controller is connected to the anode of the voltage regulator Zn1 and the gate of the P-channel MOS tube Mn1, and the port Control of the power controller is connected to one end of the resistor Rn1.

7. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on an astable multivibrator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The output unit also includes an NPN BJT tube Qb1, a PNP BJT tube Qb2, a resistor Rb1, a capacitor Cb1 and a resistor Rb2, the collector of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is connected to the port Vcc, the base of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is simultaneously connected to the port a of the output unit and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qb2 is connected to the port Vss, the capacitor Cb1 is connected in series with the resistor Rb2, the emitter of the NPN BJT tube Qb1 is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qb2, one end of the resistor Rb1 and one end of a series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2, and the other end of the resistor Rb1 is simultaneously connected to the port b of the output unit and the other end of the series branch of the capacitor Cb1 and the resistor Rb2.

8. The PNP BJT type power supply controller based on the astable multivibrator as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The power supply composed of the power controller includes a power main circuit and a control circuit with the power controller as the core, wherein the power main circuit includes an inductor Lk1, a diode Dk5, a capacitor Ck1, a diode Dk1, a diode Dk2, a PNP type BJT tube Qk1, a PNP type BJT tube Qk2, an inductor Lk2, a resistor Rk3 and a capacitor Ck2, wherein the positive end of the DC power supply is simultaneously connected to one end of the inductor Lk1 and the cathode of the diode Dk5, and the other end of the inductor Lk1 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode Dk5, one end of the capacitor Ck1 and the emitter of the PNP type BJT tube Qk1, and the capacitor Ck1 is connected to the cathode of the diode Dk5. The other end of the diode Dk1 is connected to the cathode of the diode Dk1 and the anode of the diode Dk2, the cathode of the diode Dk2 is connected to the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, the collector of the PNP BJT tube Qk2 and one end of the inductor Lk2, the other end of the inductor Lk2 is connected to one end of the resistor Rk3, the other end of the resistor Rk3 is connected to one end of the capacitor Ck2 and one end of the load, the other end of the load is connected to the other end of the capacitor Ck2, the anode of the diode Dk1 and the negative end of the DC power supply, the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk1 is connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qk2; The control circuit includes the power controller, resistor Rk1, diode Dk3, resistor Rk2 and diode Dk4. The port Vcc of the power controller is simultaneously connected to the emitter of the PNP BJT tube Qk1, one end of the resistor Rk1, the cathode of the diode Dk3, one end of the resistor Rk2 and the cathode of the diode Dk4. The other end of the resistor Rk1 is simultaneously connected to the anode of the diode Dk3 and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk1. The port Out of the power controller is simultaneously connected to the other end of the resistor Rk2, the anode of the diode Dk4 and the base of the PNP BJT tube Qk2. The port Control of the power controller is connected to one end of the resistor Rk3. The port Vss of the power controller is connected to the other end of the resistor Rk3.

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