Magnetic encoders and motors

Abstract

The present application relates to a magnetic encoder and a motor. The magnetic encoder comprises: a shell, one end of which is an opening and the other end is a bottom surface; a circuit board, which is arranged at one end of the shell opening and covers the opening of the shell, and cooperates with the shell to form a receiving cavity; a magnetic induction component, which is arranged in the receiving cavity. The motor comprises: a magnetic encoder; an end cover, the magnetic encoder is arranged at one end of the end cover; a rotating shaft, which passes through the end cover, extends into the receiving cavity of the magnetic encoder, and is located within the sensing range of the magnetic induction component. It is used to solve the problem in the prior art. The encoder is installed on the shaft end face of the measured rotating shaft. This installation method cannot meet the requirements of a hollow rotating shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electromechanical technology, and in particular to a magnetic encoder and a motor. Background Art

[0002] The magnetic encoder has a simple structure, fast high-speed rotation response, and is not affected by oil, dust and structure. It is widely used in angle measurement in industry, military, aviation, navigation, communications and other fields.

[0003] At present, when magnetic encoders are used for absolute angle measurement, they are generally on-axis measurement, requiring the encoder to be installed on the shaft end face of the measured shaft. This installation method cannot meet the requirements of hollow shafts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a magnetic encoder and a motor, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the encoder is installed on the shaft end face of the measured shaft, and this installation method cannot meet the requirements of the hollow shaft.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in the first aspect, an embodiment provides a magnetic encoder, including: a shell, one end of the shell is an opening, and the other end is a bottom surface; a circuit board is arranged at one end of the shell opening and covers the opening of the shell, and cooperates with the shell to form a accommodating cavity; a magnetic sensing component is arranged in the accommodating cavity.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the shell includes: a supporting portion, a first end of which is connected to the circuit board and is used to support the circuit board; and a base connected to the second end of the supporting portion, and the base is provided with an axial hole.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, it also includes: a communication interface, connected to the circuit board, and arranged on the support part circuit board.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the support portion includes: a limiting groove arranged on the support portion.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the magnetic induction component includes: a magnetic sensor, which is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected to the circuit board; an induction head, which is electrically connected to the magnetic sensor; and the induction head is arranged in the accommodating cavity and located at the shaft hole.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the magnetic sensor is a Hall magnetic sensor.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, it also includes: a zero adjustment interface, which is connected to the circuit board and is arranged on the support part.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment provides a motor, comprising: a magnetic encoder as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments; an end cover, the magnetic encoder being arranged at one end of the end cover; a rotating shaft passing through the end cover, extending into the accommodating cavity of the magnetic encoder, and being located within the induction range of the magnetic induction component.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the end cover includes: an annular protrusion, which is arranged on an end surface of the end cover that contacts the magnetic encoder and forms a mounting groove; the magnetic encoder is installed in the mounting groove.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a screw hole is provided in the mounting groove, and the magnetic encoder is installed in the mounting groove through the screw hole.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the motor shown;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic encoder provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of another magnetic encoder provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Icons: motor 1, magnetic encoder 2, limit groove 21, end cover 3, rotating shaft 4, protrusion 5, shell 6, support part 61, base 62, circuit board 7, shaft hole 8, accommodating cavity 9, induction head 10, communication interface 11, zero adjustment interface 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a motor 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a magnetic encoder 2 and an end cover 3. The magnetic encoder 2 is arranged at one end of the end cover 3.

[0026] In one embodiment, the end cover 3 is provided with a protrusion 5 on the end surface in contact with the magnetic encoder 2 , and the protrusion 5 and the end cover 3 form a mounting groove, and the magnetic encoder 2 is installed in the mounting groove.

[0027] In the above implementation process, the shape formed by the protrusion 5 can be consistent with the shape of the magnetic encoder 2, so that when the magnetic encoder 2 is installed in the installation groove, the magnetic encoder 2 and the protrusion 5 are closely matched to prevent the magnetic encoder 2 from being displaced or falling. The present application provides a preferred annular protrusion 5. Since the magnetic encoder 2 needs to be rotated during installation, in order to further cooperate with the rotation of the magnetic encoder 2, the protrusion 5 is set as an annular protrusion 5 to cooperate with the magnetic encoder 2.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The top view of the motor is shown. The mounting groove is provided with a screw hole, and the magnetic encoder 2 is provided with a limit groove 21, and the magnetic encoder 2 is fixed in the mounting groove through the limit groove 21 and the screw hole.

[0029] In the above implementation process, since the motor 1 will generate vibration when working and the magnetic encoder 2 and the motor 1 are not integrally formed, in order to prevent the magnetic encoder 2 and the motor 1 from resonating and causing displacement or rotation, thereby affecting its detection accuracy, the magnetic encoder 2 needs to be fixed relative to the motor 1.

[0030] The screw holes on the end cover 3 of different motors 1 are arranged at different positions, so a limiting groove 21 is provided on the magnetic encoder 2 to facilitate installation on motors 1 of different models.

[0031] Figure 3 2 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic encoder 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The magnetic encoder comprises: a housing 6, a circuit board 7 and a magnetic induction component.

[0032] In the above implementation process, the magnetic encoder 2 is used to detect physical parameters of the motor 1 such as current, position, direction, etc.

[0033] In one embodiment, the magnetic encoder 2 can set the number of UVW poles. The physical meaning of U: Voltage is called potential difference or potential difference, which is a physical quantity that measures the energy difference generated by the unit charge in the electrostatic field due to different potentials. Its magnitude is equal to the work done by a unit positive charge moving from point a to point b due to the action of the electric field force, and the direction of the voltage is defined as from a high potential to a low potential. The physical meaning of V: ​​If an ampere current flows on a uniform wire with constant temperature and width, the resistance of the wire can convert electrical energy into heat energy within a certain distance. The voltage difference between this distance is defined as one volt. The physical meaning of W: Electric power represents the physical quantity of how fast the current does work. The power of an electrical appliance is numerically equal to the electrical energy it consumes in 1 second. The number of poles can be any value between 1 and 32.

[0034] In the above implementation process, each pole pair of the motor 1 generates a period of sine and cosine signals and is converted into orthogonal or serial position signals, and the magnetic encoder 2 is used to detect these signals. In one embodiment, the components for detecting the above signals in the magnetic encoder 2 are a magnetic sensor and an inductive head 10, and the magnetic sensor is electrically connected to the inductive head 10. The inductive head 10 senses the change of the magnetic poles of the rotating shaft 4 of the motor 1 and generates a signal to send to the magnetic sensor.

[0035] In one embodiment, the inductive head 10 itself has an inductive width. It can be understood that the farther the inductive width is from the center of the circle on the inductive circumference, the smaller the rotation angle corresponding to the arc coinciding with the inductive width. Therefore, the greater the distance between the inductive head 10 and the rotating shaft 4, the smaller the inductive error.

[0036] In the above implementation process, the motor 1 is arranged off-axis to cooperate with the inductive head 10 . In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 4 of the motor 1 passes through the end cover 3 , extends into the accommodating cavity 9 , and is located within the inductive range of the inductive head 10 .

[0037] In the above implementation process, since the magnetic encoder 2 is arranged on one end surface of the end cover 3, in order to save assembly space, it is necessary to provide space for the inductive magnetic head 10 and the rotating shaft 4 in the housing 6, so a corresponding accommodating cavity 9 is arranged in the housing 6. In one embodiment, the housing 6 is composed of a support portion 61 and a base 62. The first end of the support portion 61 is connected to the circuit board 7 for supporting the circuit board 7. The base 62 is connected to the second end of the support portion 61, and the base 62 is provided with an axial hole 8.

[0038] In one embodiment, the circuit board 7 is disposed on the housing 6 and cooperates with the housing 6 to form a receiving cavity 9. The magnetic sensing component is disposed on the circuit board 7 and received in the receiving cavity 9. The magnetic sensing component includes a magnetic sensor and an inductive head 10, and the inductive head 10 is electrically connected to the magnetic sensor.

[0039] In the above implementation process, the base 62 is arranged on the end cover 3 and the shaft hole 8 is arranged corresponding to the shaft 4. In order to prevent the shaft 4 from contacting the circuit board 7, a support portion 61 is arranged to set the circuit board 7 away from the shaft 4.

[0040] In one embodiment, the inductive magnetic head 10 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 9 and located at the shaft hole 8 .

[0041] In the above implementation process, the shaft 4 extends into the accommodating cavity 9 through the shaft hole 8. In order to make the inductive head 10 close to the shaft 4 for easy data detection, the shaft hole 8 is set around the shaft 4. The shaft hole 8 can be set as an annular boss extending into the accommodating cavity 9, and the inductive head 10 is set on the annular boss.

[0042] In one embodiment, the limit groove 21 is provided on the support portion 61. The magnetic encoder 2 is installed in the mounting groove, the limit groove 21 corresponds to the screw hole in the mounting groove, and is fixed by a bolt passing through the limit groove 21 and inserted into the screw hole. Since the magnetic encoder 2 needs to rotate, the limit groove 21 can have a certain curvature in the length direction in order to cooperate with the rotation of the magnetic encoder 2.

[0043] Figure 4 2 is a cross-sectional view of another magnetic encoder 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the magnetic encoder 2 is further provided with a communication interface 11. The communication interface 11 is electrically connected to the circuit board 7 and is provided on the support circuit board 7.

[0044] In the above implementation process, the communication interface 11 can be used to send data detected by the magnetic encoder 2 to the external device, and receive instructions sent to the magnetic encoder 2 by the external device.

[0045] In one embodiment, the magnetic encoder 2 is further provided with a zero adjustment interface 12 . The zero adjustment interface 12 is connected to the circuit board 7 and is provided on the support portion 61 .

[0046] In the above implementation process, the zero adjustment interface 12 can be set to set any position of the shaft 4 at any time as the zero position, avoiding the need to rotate the shaft 4 angle or the magnetic encoder 2 to manually adjust the zero position.

[0047] The magnetic encoder 2 has a built-in EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory), which can set the zero position of the detection. The zero position refers to setting any angular position of the rotor shaft 4 of the motor 1 to 0 degrees. The rotation direction and ABZ output resolution can also be set. The AB phase is a pulse output signal, and the Z phase is the number of turns. The AB phase differs by 90°. The rotation direction is determined based on whether A leads or lags behind B. The output resolution can be any value from 1 to 4096 ppr.

[0048] In one embodiment, the magnetic sensor is a Hall magnetic sensor.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0050] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetic encoder, applied to a motor, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged inside the motor, characterized in that: The magnetic encoder comprises: A shell, one end of which is an opening and the other end of which is a bottom surface, wherein the shell comprises a base, and the base is provided with an axial hole; A circuit board is arranged at one end of the opening of the shell, covers the opening of the shell, and cooperates with the shell to form a receiving cavity; A magnetic induction component is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the magnetic induction component includes: a magnetic inductor, which is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected to the circuit board; an induction head, which is electrically connected to the magnetic inductor; the induction head is arranged in the accommodating cavity and located at the shaft hole; Wherein, the shaft hole is an annular boss extending into the accommodating cavity, and the inductive magnetic head is arranged on the annular boss; The rotating shaft extends into the accommodating cavity through the shaft hole.

2. The magnetic encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing further comprises: A supporting portion, wherein a first end of the supporting portion is connected to the circuit board and is used to support the circuit board, and the base is connected to a second end of the supporting portion.

3. The magnetic encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A communication interface is connected to the circuit board and is arranged on the supporting part.

4. The magnetic encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support portion comprises: The limiting groove is arranged on the supporting part.

5. The magnetic encoder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic sensor is a Hall magnetic sensor.

6. The magnetic encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A zero adjustment interface is connected to the circuit board and is arranged on the supporting part.

7. A motor, characterized in that: include: A magnetic encoder as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; An end cover, wherein the magnetic encoder is arranged at one end of the end cover; The rotating shaft passes through the end cover, extends into the accommodating cavity of the magnetic encoder, and is located within the sensing range of the magnetic sensing component.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The end cap comprises: an annular protrusion, the annular protrusion is arranged on an end surface of the end cover that contacts the magnetic encoder and forms a mounting groove; The magnetic encoder is installed in the installation groove.

9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that The installation groove is provided with a screw hole, and the magnetic encoder is installed in the installation groove through the screw hole.

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