A cotton tillage, soil cultivation and fertilization integrated machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine, comprising a frame, a fertilizer box and a plurality of operation units are arranged at intervals on the frame, each operation unit comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a soil taking mechanism, a soil conveying mechanism and a soiling and fertilization mechanism arranged on the frame in sequence; the soil taking mechanism comprises a planetary gear driving mechanism and a bucket wheel soil taker, the soil conveying mechanism comprises a soil conveying trough fixedly connected to the frame and inserted in a circular support frame, a spiral conveying shaft arranged in the soil conveying trough and a soil dropper arranged at both ends of the soil conveying trough and connected to the soil conveying trough, the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade with opposite spiral directions; the soiling and fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilizer furrowing device, an electric fertilizer discharger and a soiling and fertilization shovel, the soiling and fertilization shovel and the fertilizer furrowing device are both arranged below the fertilizer box, and the electric fertilizer discharger is connected to the fertilizer furrowing device through a fertilizer discharge pipe. The cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the invention improves the efficiency of soiling operation during cotton planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an integrated machine for cultivating, cultivating and fertilizing cotton. Background Art

[0002] At present, mulch film covering technology is widely used in cotton cultivation. This technology can increase temperature and retain moisture, store water to prevent drought, inhibit weed growth, protect and promote root growth and development, mature early, increase yield and improve cotton fiber quality.

[0003] However, currently, soiling operations are mostly carried out manually during cotton planting, and there is no soiling machinery for cotton planting; and general soiling machinery is not suitable for field work in cotton film-covered planting. Even if soiling operations are carried out on cotton, soiling can only be carried out on the outside of each row of cotton on the film without damaging the film, and soiling cannot be carried out in the middle of two rows of cotton on the film, which makes the soiling operation of cotton film-covered planting incomplete, which is not conducive to the growth and development of cotton. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated machine for cultivating, soiling and fertilizing cotton, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and improve the efficiency of soiling operation during cotton planting.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a cotton inter-cultivation soil-raising and fertilizing integrated machine, comprising a frame, on which fertilizer boxes and a plurality of operating units are arranged at intervals, each of which comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a soil-taking mechanism, a soil-transporting mechanism and a soil-raising and fertilizing mechanism arranged in sequence on the frame; the soil-taking mechanism comprises a planetary gear driving mechanism and a bucket-wheel soil-taking device, the bucket-wheel soil-taking device comprises a circular support frame, on which a plurality of soil-taking shovels distributed along a circumferential direction are fixedly arranged; the planetary gear driving mechanism comprises a driving unit, the driving unit comprises a driving external gear, an internal gear, a plurality of driven external gears and a gear support plate fixedly connected to the frame, the driving external gear and the plurality of driven external gears are respectively meshed with the internal gear, the driving external gear is fixedly arranged on a driving gear shaft rotatably connected to the gear support plate, and the driven external gear is rotationally matched with a driven gear shaft fixedly arranged on the gear support plate;

[0007] The soil transport mechanism comprises a soil transport trough fixedly connected to the frame and inserted into the circular support frame, a spiral conveying shaft arranged in the soil transport trough, and soil droppers arranged at both ends of the soil transport trough and connected to the soil transport trough, the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade with opposite spiral directions, one end of the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade close to each other is located directly below the soil scoop at the top of the circular support frame, and the driving gear shaft is drivingly connected to the spiral conveying shaft;

[0008] The soil-raising and fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizing furrow opener, an electric fertilizer discharger and a soil-raising and fertilizing shovel. The soil-raising and fertilizing shovel and the fertilizing furrow opener are both arranged below the fertilizer box, and the electric fertilizer discharger is connected to the fertilizing furrow opener through a fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary tillage mechanism includes a rotary tillage frame fixedly connected to the frame, the frame is provided with a power input shaft and a rotary tillage blade shaft, the rotary tillage blade shaft is provided with a plurality of rotary tillage blades, and the power input shaft is transmission-connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft through a chain transmission mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the planetary gear driving mechanism comprises two driving units, and the two driving gear shafts in the two driving units are coaxial and fixedly connected to form a total driving gear shaft.

[0011] Preferably, there are two working units, and a main gearbox and an auxiliary gearbox are fixedly provided on the frame. The main gearbox and the auxiliary gearbox are both located between the two working units. The main gearbox is transmission connected to the drive device, and the auxiliary gearbox and the two power input shafts are transmission connected to the main gearbox through universal joint couplings, and the two total driving gear shafts are transmission connected to the auxiliary gearbox through universal joint couplings.

[0012] Preferably, a driving sprocket is further provided on the driving gear shaft, a driven sprocket is provided on the screw conveying shaft, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a chain.

[0013] Preferably, both ends of the driving gear shaft are rotatably connected to the frame through vertical seat bearings; the soil conveying trough is fixedly connected to the gear support plate, and both ends of the soil conveying trough are respectively provided with square seat bearings, and the spiral conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the soil conveying trough through the square seat bearings; the driven external gear is rotatably connected to the driven gear shaft through a bearing.

[0014] Preferably, the front end of the soil shovel is provided with soil crushing claws; the soil dropper is a herringbone soil dropper, and a soil dividing block is slidably provided on the top of the soil dropper, and the soil dividing block can slide along the axial direction of the spiral conveying shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the frame is also provided with a suspension mechanism, which includes a suspension mechanism body and a connecting rod, the bottom end of the suspension mechanism body is fixedly connected to the main crossbeam of the frame, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the suspension mechanism body, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the secondary crossbeam of the frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0017] The cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention improves the efficiency of soiling operation during cotton planting. The cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention breaks up the soil on the open space on both sides of the cotton mulch film and removes the ground weeds through the rotary tillage mechanism, thereby completing the intertillage operation; the fine soil is dug up by the soil shovel in the bucket wheel soil taker, and as the bucket wheel soil taker rotates, the soil falls into the soil conveying trough due to its own gravity. Under the action of the spiral conveying shaft, the soil is transported to the left and right sides, and falls to the root positions on the left and right sides of the cotton plant through the soil dropper. The soil blocks in the soil dropper can slide along the soil conveying direction, and the amount of soil falling at the root positions on the left and right sides of the cotton plant can be conveniently adjusted. Then the soiling and fertilization mechanism completes the soiling and fertilization operations on the open space on both sides of the cotton mulch film. The cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention can perform effective and complete soiling operations on cotton planted under mulch film, and at the same time, the three field management operations of cotton intertillage, soiling and fertilization can be completed in one entry, thereby reducing the number of machine entries and operation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cotton tillage, soil cultivation and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of the cotton tillage, soil cultivation and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism in the cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil taking mechanism in the cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the planetary gear driving mechanism in the cotton intertillage soiling and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil transport mechanism in the cotton tillage, soil cultivation and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a soil dropper in the cotton tillage, soil cultivation and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral conveyor shaft in the cotton tillage and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil-building and fertilization mechanism in the cotton inter-cultivation soil-building and fertilization integrated machine of the present invention;

[0028] Among them: 1-frame, 2-operating unit, 3-rotary tillage mechanism, 4-soil taking mechanism, 5-soil transport mechanism, 6-soil fertilization mechanism, 7-transmission mechanism, 8-rotary tillage frame, 9-rotary tillage blade shaft, 10-rotary tillage blade, 11-shield, 12-power input shaft, 13-bucket wheel soil taker, 14-planetary gear drive mechanism, 15-soil taking shovel, 16-soil crushing claw, 17-gear support plate, 18-internal gear, 19-driving external gear, 20-driven external gear, 21-driving gear shaft, 22-driven gear Axle, 23-with vertical seat bearing, 24-driving sprocket, 25-screw conveyor shaft, 26-soil conveying trough, 27-soil dropper, 28-soil drop port, 29-soil block divider, 30-with square seat bearing, 31-driven sprocket, 32-fertilizer box, 33-soil fertilization shovel, 34-electric fertilizer discharger, 35-fertilization furrow opener, 36-fertilizer discharge pipe, 37-main gearbox, 38-auxiliary gearbox, 39-universal joint coupling, 40-suspension mechanism, 41-suspension mechanism body, 42-connecting rod, 44-bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated machine for cultivating, soiling and fertilizing cotton, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and improve the efficiency of soiling operation during cotton planting.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9As shown: the cotton tillage and soiling and fertilization integrated machine in this embodiment includes a frame 1, on which a fertilizer box 32 and two working units 2 are arranged at intervals, and each working unit 2 includes a rotary tillage mechanism 3, a soil taking mechanism 4, a soil transport mechanism 5 and a soiling and fertilization mechanism 6 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 1.

[0033] Among them, the rotary tillage mechanism 3 includes a rotary tillage frame 8 fixedly connected to the frame 1, and protective covers 11 are arranged on both sides of the suspension frame 1. A power input shaft 12 and a rotary tillage blade shaft 9 are arranged on the frame 1, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 10 are arranged on the rotary tillage blade shaft 9. The power input shaft 12 is connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft 9 through a chain transmission mechanism 7.

[0034] The soil taking mechanism 4 includes a planetary gear drive mechanism 14 and a bucket wheel soil taker 13. The bucket wheel soil taker 13 includes a circular support frame, on which a plurality of soil taking shovels 15 distributed in a circumferential direction are fixedly arranged. A plurality of soil crushing claws 16 are arranged at the front end of each soil taking shovel 15. The planetary gear drive mechanism 14 includes two drive units arranged at intervals. Each drive unit includes a driving external gear 19, an internal gear 18, a plurality of driven external gears 20 and a gear support plate 17 fixedly connected to the frame 1. The driving external gear 19 and the plurality of driven external gears 20 are respectively meshed with the internal gear 18. The driving external gear 19 is fixedly arranged on a driving gear shaft 21 rotatably connected to the gear support plate 17. The driven external gear 20 is rotatably matched with a driven gear shaft 22 fixedly arranged on the gear support plate 17. The driven external gear 20 is rotatably connected to the driven gear shaft 22 through a bearing 44. The two driving gear shafts 21 in the two drive units are coaxial and fixedly connected to form a total driving gear shaft 21.

[0035] The soil transport mechanism 5 includes a soil transport trough 26 fixedly connected to the frame 1 and inserted into the circular support frame, a spiral conveying shaft 25 arranged in the soil transport trough 26, and a soil dropper 27 arranged at both ends of the soil transport trough 26 and connected to the soil transport trough 26. The soil transport trough 26 is fixedly connected to the gear support plate 17, and square seat bearings 30 are respectively arranged at both ends of the soil transport trough 26. The spiral conveying shaft 25 is rotatably connected to the soil transport trough 26 through the square seat bearings 30; the spiral conveying shaft 25 is provided with a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade with opposite spiral directions, and one end of the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade close to each other is located directly below the soil shovel 15 at the top of the circular support frame. The driving gear shaft 21 is transmission-connected to the spiral conveying shaft 25, and the two ends of the driving gear shaft 21 are rotationally connected to the frame 1 through vertical seat bearings 23; the driving gear shaft 21 is also provided with a driving sprocket 24, and the spiral conveying shaft 25 is provided with a driven sprocket 31, and the driving sprocket 24 and the driven sprocket 31 are driven by a chain. The soil dropper 27 is a herringbone soil dropper, and a soil dividing block 29 is slidably provided at the soil dropping port 28 on the top of the soil dropper 27. The soil dividing block 29 can slide along the axial direction of the spiral conveying shaft 25. The soil dividing block 29 in the soil dropper 27 slides along the soil conveying direction, which can conveniently adjust the amount of soil dropped at the root position on the left and right sides of the cotton plant.

[0036] The soil-raising and fertilizing mechanism 6 includes a fertilizing furrow opener 35, an electric fertilizer discharger 34 and a soil-raising and fertilizing shovel 33. The soil-raising and fertilizing shovel 33 and the fertilizing furrow opener 35 are both arranged below the fertilizer box 32. The electric fertilizer discharger 34 is connected to the fertilizing furrow opener 35 through a fertilizer discharge pipe 36.

[0037] A main gearbox 37 and an auxiliary gearbox 38 are fixedly provided on the frame 1. The main gearbox 37 and the auxiliary gearbox 38 are both located between the two working units 2. The main gearbox 37 is connected to the driving device in a transmission manner. The auxiliary gearbox 38 and the two power input shafts 12 are connected to the main gearbox 37 in a transmission manner through universal joint couplings 39, respectively. The two total driving gear shafts 21 are connected to the auxiliary gearbox 38 in a transmission manner through universal joint couplings 39, respectively. The main gearbox 37, the auxiliary gearbox 38 and the five universal joint couplings 39 constitute a transmission mechanism 7.

[0038] A suspension mechanism 40 is also provided on the frame 1, and the suspension mechanism 40 includes a suspension mechanism body 41 and a connecting rod 42. The bottom end of the suspension mechanism body 41 is fixedly connected to the main beam of the frame 1, one end of the connecting rod 42 is hinged to the other end of the suspension mechanism body 41, and the other end of the connecting rod 42 is hinged to the secondary beam of the frame 1.

[0039] The working process of the cotton tillage, soiling and fertilization integrated machine in this embodiment is as follows:

[0040] The main gearbox 37 is connected to the tractor power output shaft, and the tractor drives the power input shaft 12 and the driving gear shaft 21 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 7. The power input shaft 12 drives the rotary tiller shaft 9 to rotate, and the rotary tiller shaft 9 drives the rotary tiller 10 to rotate to break up the soil on the open space on both sides of the cotton mulch film and remove the weeds on the ground, thereby completing the tillage operation; the driving gear shaft 21 drives the bucket wheel type soil extractor 13 to rotate through the planetary drive mechanism, and the soil shovel 15 digs up the finely crushed soil. As the bucket wheel type soil extractor 13 rotates, the soil The soil falls into the soil conveying trough 26 due to its own gravity, and is transported to the left and right sides under the action of the spiral conveying shaft 25, and falls to the root positions on the left and right sides of the cotton plants through the herringbone soil dropper 27; the soil blocks 29 in the herringbone soil dropper can slide along the soil conveying direction to adjust the amount of soil falling to the root positions on the left and right sides of the cotton plants; then the electric fertilizer discharger 34 transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 32 to the fertilizer furrow opener 35 through the fertilizer discharge pipe 36 for fertilization, and sprays the soil on both sides of the cotton mulch film with the fertilizer shovel, thereby completing the soil cultivation and fertilization operations.

[0041] The cotton tillage, soiling and fertilization integrated machine of this embodiment can perform effective and complete soiling operations on cotton planted under film mulch, and can complete three field management operations of cotton tillage, soiling and fertilization in one trip, thereby reducing the number of times the machine goes into the field and the operating cost.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “top”, “bottom”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A cotton tillage and fertilization integrated machine, characterized in that: It comprises a frame, on which fertilizer boxes and a plurality of working units are arranged at intervals, and each of the working units comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a soil taking mechanism, a soil transport mechanism and a soil fertilization mechanism arranged in sequence on the frame; the soil taking mechanism comprises a planetary gear driving mechanism and a bucket wheel type soil taker, and the bucket wheel type soil taker comprises a circular support frame, on which a plurality of soil taking shovels distributed along the circumferential direction are fixedly arranged; the planetary gear driving mechanism comprises a driving unit, and the driving unit comprises a driving external gear, an internal gear, a plurality of driven external gears and a gear support plate fixedly connected to the frame, the driving external gear and the plurality of driven external gears are respectively meshed with the internal gear, the driving external gear is fixedly arranged on a driving gear shaft rotatably connected to the gear support plate, and the driven external gear is rotationally matched with the driven gear shaft fixedly arranged on the gear support plate; The soil transport mechanism comprises a soil transport trough fixedly connected to the frame and inserted into the circular support frame, a spiral conveying shaft arranged in the soil transport trough, and soil droppers arranged at both ends of the soil transport trough and connected to the soil transport trough, the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade with opposite spiral directions, one end of the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade close to each other is located directly below the soil scoop at the top of the circular support frame, and the driving gear shaft is drivingly connected to the spiral conveying shaft; The soil-raising and fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer furrow opener, an electric fertilizer discharger and a soil-raising and fertilizing shovel. The soil-raising and fertilizing shovel and the fertilizer furrow opener are both arranged below the fertilizer box. The electric fertilizer discharger is connected to the fertilizer furrow opener through a fertilizer discharge pipe. The driving gear shaft is also provided with a driving sprocket, and the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a driven sprocket, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a chain; both ends of the driving gear shaft are rotatably connected to the frame through vertical seat bearings; the soil conveying trough is fixedly connected to the gear support plate, and both ends of the soil conveying trough are respectively provided with square seat bearings, and the spiral conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the soil conveying trough through the square seat bearings; the driven external gear is rotatably connected to the driven gear shaft through a bearing.

2. The cotton tillage and soil-raising and fertilization integrated machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage frame fixedly connected to the frame, the frame is provided with a power input shaft and a rotary tillage blade shaft, the rotary tillage blade shaft is provided with a plurality of rotary tillage blades, and the power input shaft is transmission-connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft via a chain transmission mechanism.

3. The cotton tillage and soil-raising and fertilization integrated machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The planetary gear driving mechanism comprises two driving units, and the two driving gear shafts in the two driving units are coaxial and fixedly connected to form a total driving gear shaft.

4. The cotton tillage and soil-raising and fertilization integrated machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are two working units, and a main gearbox and an auxiliary gearbox are fixedly arranged on the frame. The main gearbox and the auxiliary gearbox are both located between the two working units. The main gearbox is transmission-connected to the driving device, and the auxiliary gearbox and the two power input shafts are transmission-connected to the main gearbox through universal joint couplings, and the two total driving gear shafts are transmission-connected to the auxiliary gearbox through universal joint couplings.

5. The cotton tillage and soil-raising and fertilization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the soil shovel is provided with a soil crushing claw; the soil dropper is a herringbone soil dropper, and a soil dividing block is slidably provided on the top of the soil dropper, and the soil dividing block can slide along the axial direction of the spiral conveying shaft.

6. The cotton tillage and soil-raising and fertilization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is also provided with a suspension mechanism, which includes a suspension mechanism body and a connecting rod, wherein the bottom end of the suspension mechanism body is fixedly connected to the main crossbeam of the frame, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the suspension mechanism body, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the secondary crossbeam of the frame.

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