Energy harvesting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy harvesting device, comprising: at least two frames, which can rotate relative to each other; each frame has a working surface, the working surface on one frame faces the working surface on another adjacent frame, and electrodes are formed on the facing working surfaces, and as the frames rotate, the electrodes on different working surfaces are aligned or misaligned with each other to form a variable capacitor; an electret is arranged on one of the two electrodes constituting the variable capacitor. The energy harvesting device of the present invention causes the electrodes and the electret installed on the frames to change position through the rotation of the frames, and the capacitance value of the variable capacitor composed of the two electrodes changes accordingly, and the distribution of charges on the two electrodes changes accordingly, and the change in charge distribution is the movement of charges, and the movement of charges forms an electric current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy harvesting device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of electronic technology, various electronic wearable devices such as watches and bracelets are becoming increasingly popular. Their functions have also become more and more diverse, from the initial timing to health detection and communication services.

[0003] As the functions become more and more abundant, the problem of battery life also arises. These devices are generally small in size, so the size of the battery that can be loaded is limited, and frequent charging affects the user experience. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an energy collection device capable of realizing energy collection and conversion.

[0005] The energy harvesting device of the present invention comprises: at least two frames, which can rotate relative to each other; each of the frames has a working surface, the working surface on one frame is opposite to the working surface on another adjacent frame, and a plurality of electrodes are formed on the facing working surfaces, respectively, and as the frames rotate, the electrodes on different working surfaces are aligned or misaligned with each other to form a plurality of variable capacitors; an electret is arranged on one of the two electrodes constituting the variable capacitor.

[0006] Preferably, it further comprises: a rectifier circuit connected to a load; and the variable capacitors are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit.

[0007] Preferably, the frame body is two annular frames, namely a first annular frame and a second annular frame; the second annular frame is rotatably connected to the first annular frame through a first rotating shaft; the inner side surface of the first annular frame forms a first working surface, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; the outer side surface of the second annular frame forms a second working surface, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the first electrode and the second electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode.

[0008] Preferably, the frame body is composed of three annular frames, namely a first annular frame, a second annular frame and a third annular frame; the second annular frame is rotatably connected to the first annular frame through a first rotating shaft; the third annular frame is rotatably connected to the second annular frame through a second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are not coaxial; the inner side surface of the first annular frame forms a first working surface, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; the outer side surface of the second annular frame forms a second working surface, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the inner side surface of the second annular frame forms a third working surface, and a third electrode is arranged on the third working surface; the outer side surface of the third annular frame forms a fourth working surface, and a fourth electrode is arranged on the fourth working surface; the first electrode and the second electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode; the third electrode and the fourth electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the third electrode or the fourth electrode.

[0009] Preferably, the frame body is two spherical frames, namely a first spherical frame and a second spherical frame; the second spherical frame is rotatably connected to the first spherical frame through a third rotating shaft; the inner wall surface of the first spherical frame forms a first working surface, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; the outer wall surface of the second spherical frame forms a second working surface, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the first electrode and the second electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode.

[0010] Preferably, the frame body is composed of three spherical frames, namely a first spherical frame, a second spherical frame and a third spherical frame; the second spherical frame is rotatably connected to the first spherical frame through a third rotating shaft; the third spherical frame is rotatably connected to the second spherical frame through a fourth rotating shaft; the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are not coaxial; the inner wall surface of the first spherical frame forms a first working surface, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; the outer wall surface of the second spherical frame forms a second working surface, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the inner wall surface of the second spherical frame forms a third working surface, and a third electrode is arranged on the third working surface; the outer wall surface of the third spherical frame forms a fourth working surface, and a fourth electrode is arranged on the fourth working surface; the first electrode and the second electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode; the third electrode and the fourth electrode form a variable capacitor, and the electret is arranged on the third electrode or the fourth electrode.

[0011] Preferably, the frame is two bases arranged in parallel, namely a first base and a second base, and the two bases rotate with each other; a plurality of coaxial first arc plates are arranged on a surface of the first base facing the second base, and both sides of the first arc plates respectively form first working surfaces, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; a plurality of coaxial second arc plates are arranged on a surface of the second base facing the first base, and both sides of the second arc plates respectively form second working surfaces, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the first arc plates and the second arc plates are arranged crosswise with each other; the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode.

[0012] Preferably, the frame is two bases arranged in parallel, namely a first base and a second base, and the two bases rotate relative to each other; a first working surface is formed on a surface of the first base facing the second base, and a first electrode is arranged on the first working surface; a second working surface is formed on a surface of the second base facing the first base, and a second electrode is arranged on the second working surface; the electret is arranged on the first electrode or the second electrode.

[0013] The energy harvesting device of the present invention changes the position of the electrodes and the electret mounted on the frame by rotating the frame, and the capacitance value of the variable capacitor composed of the two electrodes changes accordingly, and the distribution of charges on the two electrodes also changes accordingly. The change in charge distribution is the movement of charges, and the movement of charges forms an electric current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 6 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is an explosion diagram of Example 5 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a partial schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0022] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the energy harvesting device of the present invention;

[0023] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of electrodes in the energy harvesting device of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] Frame 1, working surface 2, electrode 3, variable capacitor 4, electret 5;

[0026] A first annular frame 1A, a second annular frame 1B, a third annular frame 1C, a first spherical frame 1E, a second spherical frame 1F, a third spherical frame 1G, a first base 1H, and a second base 1I;

[0027] A first working surface 2A, a second working surface 2B, a third working surface 2C, and a fourth working surface 2D;

[0028] The first electrode 3A, the second electrode 3B, the third electrode 3C, and the fourth electrode 3D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0030] The present invention discloses an energy harvesting device, see Figures 1 to 9 , including a frame 1, an electrode 3 and an electret 5. Specifically, the frame 1 has at least two frames 1 that can rotate relative to each other. Each frame 1 has a working surface 2, and the working surface 2 on one frame 1 faces the working surface 2 on another adjacent frame 1, and a plurality of electrodes 3 are formed on the working surfaces 2 facing each other. As the frames 1 rotate, the electrodes 3 on different working surfaces 2 are aligned or misaligned with each other to form a plurality of variable capacitors 4; the electret 5 is arranged on one of the two electrodes 3 constituting the variable capacitor 4.

[0031] That is to say, there are multiple frames 1, each frame 1 is provided with an electrode 3, and when the frames 1 rotate relative to each other, the positions of the electrodes 3 on different frames 1 will be aligned or misaligned with each other. Here, alignment refers to the two objects, which can form a capacitor, and misalignment refers to the position misalignment, which cannot form a capacitor. Alignment includes the situation where the positions of the two are completely corresponding, and also includes the situation where the positions of the two are partially corresponding, that is, one part is aligned and the other part is misaligned. In this case, a capacitor can also be formed, but the capacitance is not as large as when it is completely corresponding. Through this change in alignment and misalignment, a change in the size of the capacitor is achieved. Complete alignment can also be understood as the overlapping area of ​​the two electrodes 3 being the largest, and misalignment is the overlapping area of ​​the two electrodes 3 being zero.

[0032] The electret 5 is arranged on the electrode 3, but of the two electrodes 3 constituting a variable capacitor 4, only one electrode 3 may be provided with the electret 5. Generally, the electret 5 is arranged on the electrode 3 of one frame 1, and not on the electrode 3 of the other frame 1. The present application does not limit which electrode 3 is provided, and the technicians can adjust it according to actual needs. The following also provides some preferred setting methods, please refer to the following for details.

[0033] In addition, please note that Figure 1 In the figure, some of the figures are followed by brackets. This is because some embodiments are required in the following text. In order to better distinguish different frames 1 in the embodiments, they are distinguished by numbers. For example, in one embodiment, the frame 1 can be as follows: Figure 1 The base form shown in the figure has two base-form frames 1 in this embodiment, so they are distinguished as a first base 1H and a second base 1I. The base is an optional mechanism form of the frame 1, and "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the base serial numbers. That is, the first base 1H and the second base 1I are both frames 1. The numbers 1A, 1B, 1C, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, and 1I may appear below, and they are used to distinguish frames 1 of different forms and serial numbers. Similarly, in order to distinguish the electrodes 3 and the working surfaces 2 on different frames 1, they are also distinguished by numbers in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The details of the frame 1, the electrode 3 and the electret 5 are described below.

[0035] Let's talk about the frame 1 first. Unless otherwise specified, it applies to all frames 1 from number 1A to number 1I. The position where the electrode 3 is installed on the frame 1 is provided with a substrate, which is insulating and can generally be made of glass, ceramic, etc. The working surface 2 (applicable to the first working surface 2A and the second working surface 2B mentioned below) is the surface for installing the electrode 3, and the substrate is formed on the working surface 2. The working surface 2 can be on one side of the frame 1 or on both sides.

[0036] The electrodes 3, including the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B mentioned below, are metal electrodes made on the substrate and can be in the shape of grid bars or comb teeth. For the convenience of description, they are all shown in the frame structure in the drawings.

[0037] Next, the electret 5 refers to dielectric materials that can store space charge and dipole charge for a long time. The electret material is usually a film of a certain polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and amorphous inorganic film. From the perspective of time span, the charge decay time period is very long. The film of the electret 5 is connected to the electrode 3 with conductive silver glue.

[0038] The electret 5 can be understood as a structure "with a lot of electricity". It is arranged on the electrode 3, and the release of electric energy is achieved through the variable capacitor formed by two electrodes 3 (one with the electret 5 and the other without the electret 5). The preparation of the electret 5 is not limited in this application. The electret 5 is also called a "permanent body", and there is a phenomenon that electric charges "permanently" exist on the surface and body of the dielectric. Of course, the "permanent" here is an exaggeration, just like a "permanent magnet" does not always have magnetism, but it is not easy to lose magnetism.

[0039] In addition, the energy harvesting device of the present application further includes: a rectifier circuit, which is connected to the load; and variable capacitors 4 are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit.

[0040] The two electrodes 3 in the variable capacitor 4 are connected to the rectifier circuit by wires or conductors to form a loop, and each loop is connected to the load to power the external device. The loop can also be connected to energy storage components such as supercapacitors to store the collected energy and then power the external device. The external device here refers to a device other than the energy harvesting device. For example, if the energy harvesting device is used in an electronic watch, the external device is the power unit of the electronic watch.

[0041] The energy harvesting device is preferably used in wearable devices such as watches and bracelets, and the movement of the frame 1 is driven by the movement of the human body to achieve the above-mentioned "power supply".

[0042] When the energy harvester is in a static state, due to electromagnetic induction, each variable capacitor 4 will accumulate a certain amount of induced charge. The distribution of this induced charge on the two electrodes 3 of the variable capacitor 4 will cause an initial voltage to exist at both ends of the variable capacitor 4, but the loop maintains electrostatic balance without current. When the energy harvester is subjected to external excitation (such as vibration, shaking, etc.), combined with Fig. 9As shown, one or more frames 1 move and displacement occurs between the frames 1, causing the positions of the corresponding electrodes 3 to change, that is, the overlapping area of ​​the two electrodes 3 of the variable capacitor 4 changes, thereby causing the capacitance value of the variable capacitor 4 to change. The change in capacitance value causes the charge to be redistributed on the upper and lower electrodes 3 of the variable capacitor 4 through the external circuit, and the charge is transferred from one electrode 3 of the variable capacitor 4 to another electrode 3, thereby forming a current in the external circuit, driving the external load, and realizing the process of converting kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0043] The above-mentioned method of setting the electrode 3 on the substrate and setting the electret 5 on the electrode 3 is not limited by this application and can be set according to actual process requirements. For example, a thin film of the electret 5 can be set on the electrode 3 by deposition. It can be implemented by planar IC technology and MEMS etching technology. The present invention has low requirements on vibration and swing frequency and is relatively easy to integrate with IC and other MEMS devices, so it is very suitable for use in micro-sized energy supply devices such as wearable devices.

[0044] The following uses different embodiments to illustrate several optional configurations of the energy harvesting device.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the frame 1 is two annular frames, namely a first annular frame 1A and a second annular frame 1B. The annular frames can be circular rings, square rings, etc., or can be irregular structures. The second annular frame 1B is rotatably connected to the first annular frame 1A through a first rotating shaft.

[0047] The inner side surface of the first annular frame 1A forms a first working surface 2A, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; the outer side surface of the second annular frame 1B forms a second working surface 2B, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B.

[0048] That is to say, driven by external force, the second annular frame 1B rotates inside the first annular frame 1A, and during the rotation, the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B form a variable capacitor 4. The overlapping area of ​​the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B also changes with the rotation, which realizes the above-mentioned "power supply". It should be understood that when the variable capacitor 4 is formed, it is not the fixed first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B that are formed, but during the rotation, any first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B can form a variable capacitor 4, and power is supplied as their alignment or misalignment changes (the specific principle has been explained above). During the movement of the frame 1, a first electrode 3A can form a variable capacitor 4 with multiple second electrodes 3B on the track to realize power supply. When multiple first electrodes 3A and second electrodes 3B work together, power supply can be more efficient.

[0049] In the drawings of this embodiment, the electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A. Of course, it can also be arranged on the second electrode 3B. Or one part is arranged on the first electrode 3A and the other part is arranged on the second electrode 3B. In this embodiment, for the convenience of arrangement and the coordination and stability during operation, it is uniformly arranged on the first electrode 3A.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment is similar to the embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment 2, the frame body 1 is composed of three annular frames: a first annular frame 1A, a second annular frame 1B and a third annular frame 1C.

[0052] Specifically, the second annular frame 1B is rotatably connected to the first annular frame 1A through the first rotating shaft; the third annular frame 1C is rotatably connected to the second annular frame 1B through the second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are not coaxial; the inner side surface of the first annular frame 1A forms a first working surface 2A, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; the outer side surface of the second annular frame 1B forms a second working surface 2B, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; the inner side surface of the second annular frame 1B forms a third working surface 2C, and a third electrode 3C is arranged on the third working surface 2C; the outer side surface of the third annular frame 1C forms a fourth working surface 2D, and a fourth electrode 3D is arranged on the fourth working surface 2D; the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B; the third electrode 3C and the fourth electrode 3D form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the third electrode 3C or the fourth electrode 3D.

[0053] In this embodiment, the electret 5 is preferably disposed on the first electrode 3A and the third electrode 3C.

[0054] In the second embodiment, working surfaces are provided on both sides of the second annular frame 1B, that is, the outer side surface of the second annular frame 1B forms the second working surface 2B, and the inner side surface of the second annular frame 1B forms the third working surface 2C.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] In this embodiment, the frame 1 is composed of two spherical frames, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two spherical brackets are respectively a first spherical bracket 1E and a second spherical bracket 1F.

[0057] The second spherical bracket 1F is rotatably connected to the first spherical bracket 1E through a third rotating shaft; the inner wall surface of the first spherical bracket 1E forms a first working surface 2A, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; the outer wall surface of the second spherical bracket 1F forms a second working surface 2B, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B.

[0058] In this embodiment, electrodes 3 (first electrode 3A and second electrode 3B) are arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the first spherical frame 1E and the second spherical frame 1F, and the capacitance of the variable capacitor 4 is changed by the relative rotation of the two "spherical frames". In the accompanying drawings corresponding to this embodiment, the electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A.

[0059] Because the electrodes are set on the "sphere", and the two "spheres" rotate based on the third axis, in order to more efficiently change the capacitance of the variable capacitor 4 during the rotation process, the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B are more efficiently "aligned" and "misaligned". When setting, the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B are neatly arranged, generally on the inner surface of the first spherical frame 1E and the outer surface of the second spherical frame 1F, in a regular circular arrangement. When working, a row of first electrodes 3A arranged in a circular manner on the first spherical frame 1E (for the convenience of explanation, this row is called the first electrodes 3A in the Xth row) are always at the same height as a row of second electrodes 3B arranged in a circular manner on the second spherical frame 1F (for the convenience of explanation, this row is called the second electrodes 3B in the Yth row), that is, the first electrodes 3A in the Xth row and the second electrodes 3B in the Yth row are at the same height, and the first electrodes 3A in the Xth row only cooperate with the second electrodes 3B in the Yth row.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Combination Figure 5 Compared with Example 3, this embodiment uses three spherical racks, namely, a first spherical rack 1E, a second spherical rack 1F and a third spherical rack 1G.

[0062] The arrangement relationship between the first spherical frame 1E and the second spherical frame 1F is similar to that of the third embodiment, and the third spherical frame 1G is rotatably connected to the second spherical frame 1F via a fourth rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are not coaxial.

[0063] The inner wall surface of the first spherical bracket 1E forms a first working surface 2A, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; the outer wall surface of the second spherical bracket 1B forms a second working surface 2B, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; the inner wall surface of the second spherical bracket 1F forms a third working surface 2C, and a third electrode 3C is arranged on the third working surface 2C; the outer wall surface of the third spherical bracket 1G forms a fourth working surface 2D, and a fourth electrode 3D is arranged on the fourth working surface 2D; the first electrode 3A and the second electrode 3B form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B; the third electrode 3C and the fourth electrode 3D form a variable capacitor 4, and an electret 5 is arranged on the third electrode 3C or the fourth electrode 3D.

[0064] Compared with the third embodiment, in this embodiment, in addition to the second working surface 2B on the outer wall of the second sphere 1F, the inner wall of the second sphere 1F also forms a third working surface 2C, and the third working surface 2C is used to cooperate with the fourth working surface 2D.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] In this implementation, see Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The frame 1 is composed of two parallel bases, namely a first base 1H and a second base 1I, and the two bases rotate relative to each other. Preferably, the two bases are disc-shaped and are coaxially connected by a rotating shaft. Figure 7 The figure shows the state of the two devices when they are working from above, and the dotted line shows the second base 1I. Figure 8 It simply shows their corresponding status when working.

[0067] On the surface of the first base 1H facing the second base 1I, a plurality of coaxial first arc plates are arranged, and the two sides of the first arc plates respectively form a first working surface 2A, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; on the surface of the second base 1I facing the first base 1H, a plurality of coaxial second arc plates are arranged, and the two sides of the second arc plates respectively form a second working surface 2B, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; the first arc plates and the second arc plates are arranged crosswise with each other; an electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B. Preferably, as Figure 8 As shown, the electret 5 is arranged on the first electrode 3A.

[0068] In this embodiment, see Figure 8Both sides of the first arc-shaped plate are first working surfaces 2A, and both sides of the second arc-shaped plate are second working surfaces 2B. When the two bases rotate, the capacitance of the variable capacitor 4 changes. Figure 8 The portion filled with diagonal lines on the right side of the middle refers to the rotation axis when the first base 1H and the second base 1I rotate relative to each other. Figure 8 Only the structure on one side of the rotating shaft is shown, and the structure on the other side is similar.

[0069] It should be noted that the first arc plate and the second arc plate shown in the figure are many disconnected parts, especially in a circular ring, multiple independent first arc plates and second arc plates are shown, which is only a preferred solution. The first arc plate and the second arc plate can be complete arcs, similar to Figure 6 , Figure 7 In the embodiment, the first arc plate and the second arc plate are at the most central position. That is to say, the first arc plate is an arc in the shape of a circular ring, and the second arc plate is also an arc in the shape of a circular ring.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] See also Figure 1 , the frame 1 is composed of two parallel bases, namely the first base 1H and the second base 1I, and the two bases rotate relative to each other; a first working surface 2A is formed on the surface of the first base 1H facing the second base 1I, and a first electrode 3A is arranged on the first working surface 2A; a second working surface 2B is formed on the surface of the second base 1I facing the first base 1H, and a second electrode 3B is arranged on the second working surface 2B; it is arranged on the first electrode 3A or the second electrode 3B. In this embodiment, the electret 5 is arranged on the second electrode 3B. The first base 1H and the second base 1I in this embodiment can be the same as those in Example 5, except that the working surface 2 in this embodiment is directly arranged on the two bases.

[0072] Example 7

[0073] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and more annular racks are added, such as a fourth annular rack, which is arranged in the third annular rack. The specific arrangement method is similar to that of the third annular rack being arranged in the second annular rack.

[0074] That is to say, based on the first and second embodiments, more ring frames can be added according to their setting rules to have more variable capacitors 4 .

[0075] Example 8

[0076] This embodiment is based on the third and fourth embodiments, and more spherical racks are added, such as a fourth spherical rack, which is arranged in the third spherical rack. The specific arrangement method is similar to that of the third spherical rack in the second spherical rack.

[0077] That is to say, based on the third and fourth embodiments, more spherical racks can be added according to their setting rules to have more variable capacitors 4.

[0078] Some details of the above embodiments are described below.

[0079] In the first and second embodiments, the outermost first annular frame 1A can be fixed or rotatably arranged.

[0080] In all embodiments, each variable capacitor 4 is connected to an external load, and their connection can be routed inside the frame 1 to avoid twisting during rotation. As in Embodiments 1 to 4, the wiring can also be connected through the first shaft, the second shaft, and other parts. In addition, the wiring method can also be not used, and circuit etching can be performed on the frame 1, and the etched circuit is connected to each of the electrodes 3 to ensure that each variable capacitor 4 can complete the path when "powered".

[0081] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the electrodes 3 are multiple independent electrodes 3, and the electrodes 3 at two relative positions (relative to the working surface 2) form a variable capacitor 4. Such independent electrodes 3 have little influence on each other, and the failure of individual electrodes 3 does not affect the use.

[0082] See also Fig.10 , is a preferred form of electrode 3, which can be applied to the above eight embodiments. This electrode 3 is in a grid shape. This electrode 3 can be a whole electrode structure made by etching, printing, etc. As shown in the figure, this whole grid electrode 3 is distributed on two relatively moving frames 1. When the frames 1 move relatively, the overall capacitance of the electrode 3 changes. The use of this electrode 3 can reduce the difficulty of preparing the energy harvesting device, without having to install independent electrodes 3 one by one.

[0083] In addition to the etching and printing, the electrode 3 in this manner can also be directly cast by electrode material, or composed of multiple independent electrodes connected in series. At the same time, multiple grid electrodes 3 can also work together.

[0084] above Fig.10 The shape of the frame 1 is not intended to limit its use in various embodiments. Fig.10 The frame 1 shown in the figure is a long strip, which is an illustration of the annular frame in Embodiments 1 and 2. When used in Embodiment 4, the structure of the frame 1 needs to be adjusted accordingly. It should be understood that this is used to illustrate the electrode 3, not to limit the frame 1.

[0085] When multiple independent electrodes 3 are used, the subsequent rectification circuit needs to process the electricity generated by each variable capacitor 4 formed. Therefore, in this method, it is preferred to use completely identical independent electrodes 3 to avoid causing too large differences and affecting subsequent processing. Each electrode 3 is connected to the subsequent rectification circuit to ensure that the electricity generated by different electrodes 3 after forming the variable capacitor 4 can be processed, collected, and used.

[0086] When a whole grid-shaped electrode 3 is used, it is relatively more convenient to connect with the subsequent rectification circuit.

[0087] In summary, the energy harvesting device of the present application can be used for energy collection, especially for wearable devices such as watches and bracelets, to convert the vibration of the user during movement (such as the movement of the arm swinging) into electrical energy. In combination with the above embodiments, through the movable setting of the frame 1, the movement in multiple directions can be converted into energy, especially in Embodiment 2, Embodiment 4, Embodiment 7 and Embodiment 8, which can basically realize the conversion of movement in all directions into electrical energy.

[0088] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the present invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the drawings. Any changes made according to the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame body (1) comprises two annular frames, namely a first annular frame (1A) and a second annular frame (1B); the second annular frame (1B) is rotatably connected to the first annular frame (1A) via a first rotating shaft; the inner side surface of the first annular frame (1A) forms a first working surface (2A), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); the outer side surface of the second annular frame (1B) forms a second working surface (2B), and a second electrode (3B) is arranged on the second working surface (2B); the first electrode (3A) and the second electrode (3B) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B).

2. The energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

3. The energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

4. The energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

5. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame body (1) comprises three annular frames, namely a first annular frame (1A), a second annular frame (1B) and a third annular frame (1C); the second annular frame (1B) is rotatably connected to the first annular frame (1A) via a first rotating shaft; the third annular frame (1C) is rotatably connected to the second annular frame (1B) via a second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are not coaxial; the inner side surface of the first annular frame (1A) forms a first working surface (2A), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); the outer side surface of the second annular frame (1B) forms a second working surface (2B), and a second electrode ( 3B), the inner side surface of the second annular frame (1B) forms a third working surface (2C), and a third electrode (3C) is arranged on the third working surface (2C); the outer side surface of the third annular frame (1C) forms a fourth working surface (2D), and a fourth electrode (3D) is arranged on the fourth working surface (2D); the first electrode (3A) and the second electrode (3B) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B); the third electrode (3C) and the fourth electrode (3D) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the third electrode (3C) or the fourth electrode (3D).

6. The energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

7. The energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

8. The energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

9. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame (1) is composed of two spherical frames, namely a first spherical frame (1E) and a second spherical frame (1F); the second spherical frame (1F) is rotatably connected to the first spherical frame (1E) via a third rotating shaft; the inner wall surface of the first spherical frame (1E) forms a first working surface (2A), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); the outer wall surface of the second spherical frame (1F) forms a second working surface (2B), and a second electrode (3B) is arranged on the second working surface (2B); the first electrode (3A) and the second electrode (3B) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B).

10. The energy harvesting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

11. The energy harvesting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

12. The energy harvesting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

13. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame (1) is composed of three spherical frames, namely a first spherical frame (1E), a second spherical frame (1F) and a third spherical frame (1G); the second spherical frame (1F) is rotatably connected to the first spherical frame (1E) via a third rotating shaft; the third spherical frame (1G) is rotatably connected to the second spherical frame (1F) via a fourth rotating shaft; the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are not coaxial; the inner wall surface of the first spherical frame (1E) forms a first working surface (2A), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); the outer wall surface of the second spherical frame (1F) forms a second working surface (2B), and a second electrode (3A) is arranged on the second working surface (2B) (3B), the inner wall surface of the second spherical frame (1F) forms a third working surface (2C), and a third electrode (3C) is arranged on the third working surface (2C); the outer wall surface of the third spherical frame (1G) forms a fourth working surface (2D), and a fourth electrode (3D) is arranged on the fourth working surface (2D); the first electrode (3A) and the second electrode (3B) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B); the third electrode (3C) and the fourth electrode (3D) form a variable capacitor (4), and the electret (5) is arranged on the third electrode (3C) or the fourth electrode (3D).

14. The energy harvesting device according to claim 13, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

15. The energy harvesting device according to claim 13, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

16. The energy harvesting device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

17. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame (1) comprises two bases arranged in parallel, namely a first base (1H) and a second base (1I), and the two bases rotate relative to each other; a plurality of coaxial first arc-shaped plates are arranged on a surface of the first base (1H) facing the second base (1I), and both sides of the first arc-shaped plates respectively form first working surfaces (2A), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); a plurality of coaxial second arc-shaped plates are arranged on a surface of the second base (1I) facing the first base (1H), and both sides of the second arc-shaped plates respectively form second working surfaces (2B), and a second electrode (3B) is arranged on the second working surface (2B); the first arc-shaped plates and the second arc-shaped plates are arranged crosswise with each other; and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B).

18. The energy harvesting device according to claim 17, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

19. The energy harvesting device according to claim 17, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

20. The energy harvesting device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

21. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include: At least two frames (1), the frames (1) being capable of rotating relative to each other; Each of the frames (1) has a working surface (2), the working surface (2) on one frame (1) and the working surface (2) on another adjacent frame (1) facing each other, and electrodes (3) are respectively formed on the working surfaces (2) facing each other, and as the frames (1) rotate, the electrodes (3) on different working surfaces (2) are aligned or misaligned with each other, thereby forming a variable capacitor (4); An electret (5) arranged on one of the two electrodes (3) constituting the variable capacitor (4); The frame (1) comprises two bases arranged in parallel, namely a first base (1H) and a second base (1I), and the two bases are rotated relative to each other; a first working surface (2A) is formed on a surface of the first base (1H) facing the second base (1I), and a first electrode (3A) is arranged on the first working surface (2A); a second working surface (2B) is formed on a surface of the second base (1I) facing the first base (1H), and a second electrode (3B) is arranged on the second working surface (2B); and the electret (5) is arranged on the first electrode (3A) or the second electrode (3B).

22. The energy harvesting device according to claim 21, characterized in that: Also includes: A rectifier circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is connected to a load; The variable capacitors (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuits.

23. The energy harvesting device according to claim 21, characterized in that: A plurality of electrodes (3) are formed on each of the working surfaces (2).

24. The energy harvesting device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The electrode (3) is in a grid shape.

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