Low-temperature deep cooling rapid drilling device

Abstract

Low temperature deep cold fast drilling device. By derrick 1, power 2, rotary table 3, traveling block 4, crown block 5, liquid nitrogen tank car 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, self sealing 8, rotary table, motor driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 10, low temperature deep cold drill bit 11, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13, hydraulic flusher 14 respectively through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection, thermal connection structure into rotary drilling low temperature deep cold fast drilling device. Suitable for drilling of hard rock mass of magmatic rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock, application in geothermal resource development engineering, oil and gas resource development engineering, coal resource development engineering, groundwater and salt well resource development engineering, geological deposit exploration engineering. Suitable for reducing the cost of drilling in low quality resource deep well drilling engineering, reducing the drilling time, saving manpower and material resources, realizing the maximization of benefit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of underground well drilling engineering tools. BACKGROUND

[0002] Human ancestors in the era without modern tools, according to the observation and learning of nature, created and invented the pine tree burns mountain, river water irrigates stone broken road construction technology. In 1521, China drilled the first oil well in Sichuan Jiazhou. In 1840, a 1200-meter deep well was drilled in Sichuan Ziliujing area. In 1835, the first 1000-meter deep sea well was drilled. Today, experts, engineers, scientists have invented and created various underground drilling methods and modern drilling tools. They are divided into mechanical drilling method, physical drilling method and chemical drilling method. Mechanical drilling method has rotary drilling method, percussion drilling method and percussion rotary drilling method. Physical drilling method has, pressure reduction fragmentation drilling method, laser enhanced drilling method (LED), hydrothermal fragmentation drilling method (HSD), electronic pulse drilling method (EPD) and hot lava drilling method, blasting drilling method and microwave electron beam drilling method, in addition to chemical drilling method has strong acid chemical dissolution drilling method. Among them, mechanical drilling method and hydrothermal fragmentation drilling method have been widely used in practical application. The problems are that mechanical drilling method takes a long time to complete drilling, consumes a lot of energy, and has high drilling cost. The hydrothermal fragmentation drilling method has short completion drilling time, consumes a lot of energy, and the drilling cost increases by several times. There is no way to share the drilling cost, so it is necessary to develop a drilling method and drilling tool (device) that can be practically applied to drilling with short completion drilling time, low drilling cost, safety and reliability. SUMMARY

[0003] The low-temperature deep-cold rapid drilling device of the present application, in combination with Figure 1 , the rotary drilling low-temperature deep-cold rapid drilling device is formed by mechanically connecting, pipeline connecting, power connecting and thermal connecting structure of derrick 1, power 2, rotary table 3, traveling block 4, crown block 5, liquid nitrogen tank car 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, self-sealing 8, rotary table drive liquid nitrogen rotary delivery device or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary delivery device 9, liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10, low-temperature deep-cold drill bit 11, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13, hydraulic flusher 14. Figure 2 , the percussion drilling low-temperature deep-cold rapid drilling device is formed by mechanically connecting, pipeline connecting, power connecting and thermal connecting structure of derrick 1, power 2, crown block 5, walking beam 15, hydraulic flusher 14, liquid nitrogen tank car 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, liquid nitrogen controller 16, percussion drilling bit 17, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13. Figure 3 , the rotary table drive liquid nitrogen rotary delivery device 9 is formed by connecting the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe 18, the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19, the compensation bellows 20, the end face seal 21, the radial seal 22, the axial bearing 23, the radial bearing 24, the slide 25 and the lifting ring 26 through the shell 27.Figure 4 The motor-driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is formed by connecting the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow 18, the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19, the compensating bellow 20, the end face seal 21, the radial seal 22, the axial bearing 23, the radial bearing 24, the slide 25, the lifting ring 26, the large gear 28, the small gear 29, the motor 30 and the machine shell 31 into one body, respectively. The motor-driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is shown in Fig. 2. Figure 5 The liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10 is formed by connecting the male threaded joint 33, the female threaded joint 34, the inner tube 35, the support body 36, the suction head 37, the balancing body 38, the bellow 39 and the outer tube 32 into one body, respectively. The liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10 is shown in Fig. 3. Figure 6 The liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10 is formed by connecting the male threaded joint 33, the female threaded joint 34, the inner tube 35, the support body 36, the suction head 37, the balancing body 38, the bellow 39 and the outer tube 32 into one body, respectively. The liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10 is shown in Fig. 3. Figure 7 The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is formed by connecting the front joint 40, the rear joint 41, the outer bellow 42, the inner bellow 43 and the clamp 44 into one body, respectively. The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is shown in Fig. 4. Figure 8 The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is formed by connecting the front joint 40, the rear joint 41, the outer bellow 42, the inner bellow 43 and the clamp 44 into one body, respectively. The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is shown in Fig. 4. Figure 9 The low-temperature deep drilling bit 11 is formed by connecting the bit body 45, the liquid nitrogen control body 46, the clamping groove 47, the liquid nitrogen nozzle 48, the cutting edge 49, the gauge 50 and the slag discharge groove 51 into one body, respectively. The low-temperature deep drilling bit 11 is shown in Fig. 5. Figure 10 The self-sealing 8 is formed by connecting the sealing body 52 and the clamping plate 53 into one body. The self-sealing 8 is shown in Fig. 6. Figure 11 The liquid nitrogen controller 16 is formed by connecting the outer shell 54, the upper joint 55, the lower nozzle 56, the electric switch 57 and the outer shell 54 into one body, respectively. The liquid nitrogen controller 16 is shown in Fig. 7. Figure 12 The hydraulic flusher 14 is formed by connecting the shell 58, the upper water inlet pipe 59 and the lower water outlet pipe 60 into one body, respectively. The hydraulic flusher 14 is shown in Fig. 8.

[0004] The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is formed by connecting the derrick 1, the power 2, the rotary table 3, the traveling block 4, the crown block 5, the liquid nitrogen tank vehicle 6, the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 7, the self-sealing 8, the rotary table driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9, the liquid nitrogen conveying drill rod 10, the low-temperature deep cooling drill bit 11, the liquid nitrogen pump 12, the air compressor 13 and the hydraulic flusher 14 through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection and thermal connection structure into a rotary drilling low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device. The liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank vehicle 6 is connected with the liquid nitrogen inlet of the liquid nitrogen pump 12 through the self-sealing 8. The liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen pump 12 is connected with one end inlet of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 7 through the self-sealing 8. The other end outlet of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 7 is connected with the liquid nitrogen conveying elbow pipe 18 inlet of the rotary table driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 through the self-sealing 8. The liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19 outlet of the rotary table driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is connected with the internal thread joint 34 in the liquid nitrogen conveying drill rod 10 through the self-sealing 8. The liquid nitrogen conveying drill rod 10 is sequentially connected through the self-sealing 8 from end to end, and the terminal is connected with the low-temperature deep cooling drill bit 11 into an integrated whole. The rotary table driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is integrally connected by the liquid nitrogen conveying elbow pipe 18, the liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19, the compensation bellows 20, the end face sealing 21, the radial sealing 22, the axial bearing 23, the radial bearing 24, the slide 25, the lifting ring 26 and the shell 27 respectively. The liquid nitrogen conveying elbow pipe 18 is a bent double-layer center-through pipe with both ends sealed, and the interlayer is high-vacuum pumped. The liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19 is a center-through solid cylinder with one end plane and the other end external thread joint, and the center inner surface has a heat insulation layer. The compensation bellows 20 is a center-through double-layer bellows with both ends sealed, and the interlayer is high-vacuum pumped. The end face sealing 21 is a center-through ring-shaped heat insulation body. The radial sealing 22 is a center-through ring-shaped heat insulation body. The axial bearing 23 is a one-way thrust roller bearing. The radial bearing 24 is a ball bearing. The slide 25 is a plate-type track slide. The lifting ring 26 is a triangular lifting ring. The shell 27 is a hollow cylinder. One end of the liquid nitrogen conveying elbow pipe 18 is connected with one end of the compensation bellows 20 through the shell 27. The other end face of the compensation bellows 20 is connected with one end of the end face sealing 21. The other end face of the end face sealing 21 is in sliding contact with one end face of the liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19. The liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19 is connected with the shell 27 through the axial bearing 23 and the radial bearing 24 respectively. The end face sealing 21 is installed in the shell 27 and in sliding contact with one end face of the liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19. The radial sealing 22 is fixed in the middle part of the shell 27 and in sliding contact with the liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19. The slide 25 and the lifting ring 26 are installed on the upper end of the shell 27. The motor driving liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is integrally connected by the liquid nitrogen conveying elbow pipe 18, the liquid nitrogen conveying shaft 19, the compensation bellows 20, the end face sealing 21, the radial sealing 22, the axial bearing 23, the radial bearing 24, the slide 25, the lifting ring 26, the large gear 28, the small gear 29 and the motor 30 through the machine shell 31 respectively.A center through solid cylinder, one end plane, the other end with external thread joint, center inner surface with thermal insulation layer, compensation bellows 20, for two end face sealing center through double layer bellows, sandwich high vacuum, end face sealing 21, for center through ring-shaped heat insulator, radial seal 22 for center through ring-shaped heat insulator, axial bearing 23, for one-way thrust roller bearing, radial bearing 24, for ball bearing, slide 25, for plate track slide, lifting ring 26, for triangular lifting ring, machine shell 31, for hollow cylinder lower part and gear box connection, liquid nitrogen delivery elbow 18, one end through machine shell 31 and compensation bellows 20 one end connection, compensation bellows 20 other end face and end face sealing 21 one end connection, end face sealing 21 other end face and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19 one end face sliding contact, liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19 through axial bearing 23, radial bearing 24 and machine shell 31 connection respectively, lifting ring 26 installed on machine shell 31 upper end, end face sealing 21 installed in machine shell 31 middle and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19 one end face sliding contact, radial seal 22 fixed in machine shell 31 middle and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19 sliding connection, slide 25 installed in machine shell 31 lower end, low temperature deep cold drill bit 11 by drill bit body 45, liquid nitrogen control body 46, clamping groove 47, liquid nitrogen nozzle 48, cutting edge 49, gauge 50, residue discharge groove 51 through drill bit body 45 respectively connected into one body, drill bit body 45 for solid cylinder, one end with external thread joint, the other end and rectangular cutting edge 49 connection, cutting edge 49 both sides have symmetrical oval liquid nitrogen nozzle 48, drill bit body 45 circumference equidistant staggered distribution gauge 50, residue discharge groove 51, drill bit body 45 inside have symmetrical double hole cylindrical liquid nitrogen control body 46, drill bit body 45 inside have Y-shaped channel and external thread joint through, liquid nitrogen control body 46 in drill bit body 45 in free rotation state, self-sealing 8 by sealing body 52 through clamping plate 53 connected into one body, sealing body 52 for circular ring, cross section U-shaped, center through body, with circular ring both sides ring gear clamping plate 53 in active state connection, liquid nitrogen controller 16 by shell body 54, upper joint 55, lower nozzle 56, electric switch 57 through shell body 54 respectively connected into one body, shell body 54 for double layer center through both ends with circular ring plane joint one end plane and lower nozzle 56 connection, its double layer middle sandwich filling pearl sand thermal insulation material, one side and electric switch 57 connection, its electric switch 57 control rod transversely extends into shell body 54 middle part, with cross section U-shaped both sides have symmetrical double hole inner heart constitute liquid nitrogen flow control, through shell body 54, one end plane and cylindrical center through lower nozzle 56 connection, liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe 10 by external thread joint 33, internal thread joint 34, inner tube 35, support body 36, air suction head 37, balance body 38, bellows 39 through outer tube 32 respectively connected into one body, outer tube 32 for center through cylinder, both ends are connected with external thread joint 33, internal thread joint 34 respectively, inner tube 35 for center through cylinder, one end and bellows 39, external thread joint 33 connection, the other end and internal thread joint 34 connection,The middle part is connected with the outer tube 32 through the support body 36, and the inner tube 35 and the outer tube 32 are connected in a sandwich structure and are connected with the outer tube 32 through the exhaust head 37 and the balance body 38.

[0005] The derrick 1, the power 2, the crown block 5, the beam 15, the hydraulic flusher 14, the liquid nitrogen tank vehicle 6, the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, the liquid nitrogen controller 16, the bit 17, the liquid nitrogen pump 12, and the air compressor 13 are connected through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection, and thermal connection to form a low-temperature deep cold fast drilling device.

[0006] The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is connected through the front joint 40, the rear joint 41, the outer corrugated pipe 42, the inner corrugated pipe 43, and the clamp 44, and the outer corrugated pipe 42 and the inner corrugated pipe 43 are connected with the front joint 40 and the rear joint 41, respectively.

[0007] The hydraulic flusher 14 is connected through the shell 58, the upper water inlet pipe 59, and the lower water outlet pipe 60, and the shell 58 is a cylindrical body with a symmetric circular hole in the center and a sealed periphery.

[0008] According to the above device, when the drill bit drills a hole, the drill bit cutting edge cuts, crumples, crushes, shears, and grinds the rock surface at the bottom of the hole under the action of axial pressure and horizontal rotary force or impact force; at the same time, low-temperature deep cold fluid, liquid nitrogen N2, is injected, and the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196.8℃. Liquid nitrogen is widely used in biological cells, medical cold treatment, material low-temperature crushing, geological exploration, chemical industry, vacuum space, etc., and the cooling capacity of each liter of liquid nitrogen is 200 large calories. The cold energy reaches the deep high-temperature rock mass at the bottom of the hole and is continuously and intermittently sprayed to the rock surface, causing the rock surface temperature to rise and fall sharply, and a temperature difference of about 374℃ is formed by the alternation of cold and heat. Since the rock mass is composed of various types of crystalline and amorphous anisotropic minerals, and there are fissure systems in the rock, it is a special and complex geological body of elastic and brittle fracture and continuity. When the rotating impact load of the drill bit absorbs the heat of the rock through the sudden explosive boiling of the phase change of liquid nitrogen, it induces the volume shrinkage deformation of the rock surface and the network formed by the expansion of the micro-fissure and the initial fissure end, and finally causes the hard rock to break rapidly.

[0009] Advantages

[0010] The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is applicable to drilling of hard rock bodies such as magmatic rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock, and is not applicable to drilling of soft rock bodies such as argillaceous rock, sandy rock and carbonate rock.

[0011] The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is applicable to geothermal resource development engineering, oil and gas resource development engineering, coal resource development engineering, underground water and salt well resource development engineering, geological deposit exploration and development, and various geotechnical engineering construction, and is not applicable to large-diameter horizontal drilling tunnel engineering. The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is applicable to reducing ton oil cost, reducing drilling time, saving manpower and material resources, and maximizing benefits in low-quality resource deep well drilling engineering.

[0012] The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is applicable to rotary drilling technology, percussion drilling technology and impact rotary drilling technology. The low-temperature deep cooling fluid, liquid nitrogen, used in the low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a by-product provided by air separation oxygen production industry, which shares part of the drilling cost. The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device, i.e. low-temperature deep cooling drilling technology, is superior to high-temperature heating drilling technology such as electronic pulse drilling technology, reduced pressure fragmentation drilling technology, laser enhanced drilling technology, high pressure jet hydrothermal fragmentation drilling technology, microwave plasma drilling technology, rock melting blasting drilling technology and chemical dissolution drilling technology in terms of reducing energy consumption, shortening drilling time, reducing manpower and material resources, reducing drilling cost, being environmentally friendly and comprehensive social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a rotary drilling low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device principle diagram.

[0014] Figure 2 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a percussion drilling low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device principle diagram.

[0015] Figure 3 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a rotating disc driving liquid nitrogen rotating conveyor 9 principle diagram.

[0016] Figure 4 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a motor driving liquid nitrogen rotating conveyor 9 principle diagram.

[0017] Figure 5 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a liquid nitrogen conveying drill rod 10 structure diagram.

[0018] Figure 6 The low-temperature deep cooling fast drilling device is a liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 7 structure diagram.

[0019] Figure 7Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the B plane view in the structure diagram of liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7.

[0020] Figure 8 Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the structure diagram of low temperature deep cold drill bit 11.

[0021] Figure 9 Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the A plane view in the structure diagram of low temperature deep cold drill bit 11.

[0022] Figure 10 Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the structure diagram of self sealing 8.

[0023] Figure 11 Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the structure diagram of liquid nitrogen controller 16.

[0024] Figure 12 Is the low temperature deep cold fast drilling device of the application, the structure diagram of hydraulic flusher 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Low temperature deep cold fast drilling device: by derrick 1, power 2, rotary table 3, traveling block 4, crown block 5, liquid nitrogen tank car 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, self sealing 8, rotary table drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9, liquid nitrogen delivery drill rod 10, low temperature deep cold drill bit 11, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13, hydraulic flusher 14 respectively through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection, thermal connection structure into rotary drilling low temperature deep cold fast drilling device. Liquid nitrogen tank car 6 liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with liquid nitrogen pump 12 liquid nitrogen inlet through self sealing 8, liquid nitrogen pump 12 liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with one end inlet of liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 through self sealing 8, the other end outlet of liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is connected with the inlet of liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe 18 in rotary table drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 through self sealing 8, the outlet of liquid nitrogen delivery shaft 19 in rotary table drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 is connected with internal thread joint 34 in liquid nitrogen delivery drill rod 10 through self sealing 8, liquid nitrogen delivery drill rod 10 is sequentially connected through self sealing 8, and the terminal is connected with low temperature deep cold drill bit 11.

[0026] By derrick 1, power 2, crown block 5, walking beam 15, hydraulic flusher 14, liquid nitrogen tank car 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, liquid nitrogen controller 16, percussion drill bit 17, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13, respectively through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection, thermal connection structure into percussion drilling low temperature deep cold fast drilling device. Liquid nitrogen tank car 6 liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with liquid nitrogen pump 12 liquid nitrogen inlet through self sealing 8, liquid nitrogen pump 12 liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with one end inlet of liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 through self sealing 8, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7 is sequentially connected through self sealing 8, and the terminal is connected with upper joint 55 in liquid nitrogen controller 16 through self sealing 8.

[0027] All equipment, instruments, parts and components in contact with liquid nitrogen need to be made of low-temperature cryogenic materials: austenitic stainless steel 304, 316, ocr18Ni9Ti, pure copper, brass, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, Monel alloy, polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon, peculiar sand, activated carbon, molecular sieve.

[0028] All staff in contact with liquid nitrogen equipment and devices need to wear loose cotton gloves, work clothes and protective glasses.

[0029] Example 1, attached to the specification Figure 1 The rotary drilling low-temperature cryogenic fast drilling device is composed of derrick 1, power 2, rotary table 3, traveling block 4, crown block 5, liquid nitrogen tank truck 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, self-sealing 8, rotary table driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 10, low-temperature cryogenic drill bit 11, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13, hydraulic flusher 14 through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection and thermal connection structure. The cutting edge 49 and the gauge 50 in the low-temperature cryogenic drill bit 11 are made of embedded diamond technology, and the material is low-temperature cryogenic material with consistent low expansion rate and solubility with the drill bit body 45. The liquid nitrogen control body 46 is made of light low-temperature cryogenic resin. The drilling power of the drill bit is provided by the low-speed rotary conveyor 9 driven by the rotary table or motor. The motor uses adjustable speed motor or (BLDCM) motor. The overall bearing capacity of the rotary table and motor driven liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor 9 should reach 350 tons. The drill bit drilling diameter is Φ216mm, and the drilling penetration rate in hard rock is 72 meters per day and night, excluding the time occupied by connecting and pulling the drill pipe, obtaining core, sticking, warming and blowing and removing slag and cuttings. In case of sticking accident, the vehicle should be stopped naturally, and the drill pipe and drill bit should not be damaged by forcibly driving or reversing. All staff should wear protective equipment, and the human body should not be in contact with liquid nitrogen. In case of accident, first stop the vehicle, close the liquid nitrogen tank truck main valve, stop the liquid nitrogen pump, and connect the liquid nitrogen in the air compressor blowing system to warm up to zero Celsius or above.

[0030] Example 1 is suitable for geothermal resource development engineering, oil and gas resource development engineering, coal resource development engineering, underground water and salt well resource development engineering, and geological deposit exploration and development engineering. It is suitable for low-quality resource ultra-deep well drilling engineering.

[0031] Example 2, attached to the specification Figure 2 The intermittent drilling low-temperature cryogenic fast drilling device is composed of derrick 1, power 2, crown block 5, beam 15, hydraulic flusher 14, liquid nitrogen tank truck 6, liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 7, liquid nitrogen controller 16, intermittent drilling drill bit 17, liquid nitrogen pump 12, air compressor 13 through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection and thermal connection structure.

[0032] Example 2 is suitable for construction of various geotechnical engineering, suitable for drilling in hard rock vertical or small inclination angle with the ground. Caliber from 300mm in diameter - 2000mm, excavation penetration rate of 3 meters per hour continuous drilling. The material of the percussion drill bit 17 is a whole alloy steel. The residue generated by the shallow layer of the borehole is brought to the ground by the gasification of liquid nitrogen, and the residue generated by the deep part of the borehole is brought to the ground by the high-pressure compressed air generated by the air compressor, and the drill bit is cooled by liquid nitrogen (dry drilling), and little drilling fluid or mud is used.

Claims

1. A low-temperature deep cooling rapid drilling device, comprising a derrick (1), a power (2), a rotary table (3), a traveling block (4), a crown block (5), a liquid nitrogen tank truck (6), a liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7), a self-sealing device (8), a rotary table-driven liquid nitrogen rotary delivery device or a motor-driven liquid nitrogen rotary delivery device (9), a liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe (10), a low-temperature deep cooling drill bit (11), a liquid nitrogen pump (12), an air compressor (13), and a hydraulic flusher (14), which are connected through mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection, and thermal connection structure into a rotary drilling low-temperature deep cooling rapid drilling device, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen tank truck (6) liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with the liquid nitrogen pump (12) liquid nitrogen inlet through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen pump (12) liquid nitrogen outlet is connected with the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7) one end inlet through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7) the other end outlet is connected with the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18) inlet in the rotary drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor (9) through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) outlet in the rotary drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor or motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor (9) is connected with the internal thread joint (34) in the liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe (10) through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen delivery drill pipe (10) is sequentially connected through the self-sealing (8) from head to tail, and the terminal is connected with the low temperature cryogenic drill bit (11) into an integral whole, the rotary drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor (9) is connected into an integral whole by the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the compensation bellows (20), the end face sealing (21), the radial sealing (22), the axial bearing (23), the radial bearing (24), the slide (25), the lifting ring (26) through the shell (27) respectively, the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18) is a bent double-layer both-end sealing central through pipe, the interlayer is high vacuum, the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) is a central through solid cylinder, one end is a plane, the other end has an external thread joint, the central inner surface has a heat insulation layer, the compensation bellows (20) is a central through double-layer bellows with both ends sealed, the interlayer is high vacuum, the end face sealing (21) is a central through ring-shaped heat insulation body, the radial sealing (22) is a central through ring-shaped heat insulation body, the axial bearing (23) is a one-way thrust roller bearing, the radial bearing (24) is a ball bearing, the slide (25) is a plate type track slide, the lifting ring (26) is a triangular lifting ring, the shell (27) is a hollow cylinder, the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18) is connected with one end of the compensation bellows (20) through the shell (27), the other end surface of the compensation bellows (20) is connected with one end of the end face sealing (21), the other end surface of the end face sealing (21) is in sliding contact with one end surface of the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) is connected with the shell (27) through the axial bearing (23) and the radial bearing (24), the end face sealing (21) is installed in the shell (27) and is in sliding contact with one end surface of the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the radial sealing (22) is fixed in the middle part of the shell (27) and is in sliding connection with the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the slide (25) and the lifting ring (26) are installed on the upper end of the shell (27), the motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor (9) is connected into an integral whole by the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the compensation bellows (20), the end face sealing (21), the radial sealing (22), the axial bearing (23), the radial bearing (24), the slide (25), the lifting ring (26), the large gear (28), the small gear (29), the motor (30) through the machine shell (31) respectively, the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18) is a bent double-layer both-end sealing central through pipe, the interlayer is high vacuum, the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) is a central through solid cylinder, one end is a plane, the other end has an external thread joint, the central inner surface has a heat insulation layer, the compensation bellows (20) is a central through double-layer bellows with both ends sealed, the interlayer is high vacuum, the end face sealing (21) is a central through ring-shaped heat insulation body, the radial sealing (22) is a central through ring-shaped heat insulation body, the axial bearing (23) is a one-way thrust roller bearing, the radial bearing (24) is a ball bearing, the slide (25) is a plate type track slide, the lifting ring (26) is a triangular lifting ring, the shell (27) is a hollow cylinder, the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18) is connected with one end of the compensation bellows (20) through the shell (27), the other end surface of the compensation bellows (20) is connected with one end of the end face sealing (21), the other end surface of the end face sealing (21) is in sliding contact with one end surface of the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) is connected with the shell (27) through the axial bearing (23) and the radial bearing (24), the end face sealing (21) is installed in the shell (27) and is in sliding contact with one end surface of the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the radial sealing (22) is fixed in the middle part of the shell (27) and is in sliding connection with the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the slide (25) and the lifting ring (26) are installed on the upper end of the shell (27), the motor drive liquid nitrogen rotary conveyor (9) is connected into an integral whole by the liquid nitrogen delivery elbow pipe (18), the liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19), the compensation bellows (20), the end face sealing (21), the radial sealing (22), the axial bearing (23), the radial bearing (24), the slide (25), the lifting ring (26), the large gear (28), the small gear (29), the motor (30) through the machine shell (31) respectively,For the center through solid cylinder, one end plane, the other end has external thread joint, center inner surface has heat insulation layer, compensation bellows (20), for two end face sealing center through double layer bellows, sandwich high vacuum, end face sealing (21), for the center through ring-shaped heat insulation body, radial seal (22) for the center through ring-shaped heat insulation body, axial bearing (23), for one-way thrust roller bearing, radial bearing (24), for ball bearing, slide (25), for plate track slide, lifting ring (26), for triangular lifting ring, machine shell (31), for hollow cylinder lower part and gear box connection, liquid nitrogen delivery elbow (18), one end through machine shell (31) and compensation bellows (20) one end connection, compensation bellows (20) the other end face and end face sealing (21) one end connection, end face sealing (21) the other end face and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) one end face sliding contact, liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) through axial bearing (23), radial bearing (24) and machine shell (31) connection respectively, lifting ring (26) is installed on the upper end of machine shell (31), end face sealing (21) is installed in the middle of machine shell (31) and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) one end face sliding contact, radial seal (22) is fixed in the middle of machine shell (31) and liquid nitrogen delivery shaft (19) sliding connection, slide (25) is installed in the lower end of machine shell (31), low temperature deep cold drill bit (11) is by drill bit body (45), liquid nitrogen control body (46), clamping groove (47), liquid nitrogen nozzle (48), cutting edge (49), stabilizer (50), slag discharge groove (51) through drill bit body (45) respectively into one body, drill bit body (45) is solid cylinder, one end has external thread joint, the other end is connected with rectangular cutting edge (49), cutting edge (49) both sides have symmetrical elliptical liquid nitrogen nozzle (48), drill bit body (45) circumferential equidistant distribution stabilizer (50), slag discharge groove (51), drill bit body (45) has symmetrical double hole cylindrical liquid nitrogen control body (46) inside, drill bit body (45) has Y-shaped channel and external thread joint through, liquid nitrogen control body (46) is in free rotation state in drill bit body (45), self sealing (8) is by sealing body (52) through clamping plate (53) into one body, sealing body (52) is circular ring, cross section U-shaped, center through body, with circular ring both sides ring gear groove clamping plate (53) is in active state connection, liquid nitrogen controller (16) is by shell (54), upper joint (55), lower nozzle (56), electric switch (57) through shell (54) respectively into one body, shell (54) is double layer center through two ends have circular ring plane joint one end plane and lower nozzle (56) connection, its double layer middle sandwich fills pearl sand heat insulation material, one side and electric switch (57) connection, its electric switch (57) control rod transversely extends into the middle part of shell (54), with cross section U-shaped both sides have symmetrical double hole inner heart constitute liquid nitrogen flow control, through shell (54), one end plane and cylindrical center through lower nozzle (56) connection,Liquid nitrogen delivery drill rod (10) is by outer thread joint (33), inner thread joint (34), inner tube (35), support body (36), suction head (37), balancing body (38), bellows (39) through outer tube (32) respectively into an organic whole, outer tube (32) is central through cylinder, two ends are connected with outer thread joint (33) respectively, inner thread joint (34), inner tube (35) is central through cylinder, one end is connected with bellows (39), outer thread joint (33), the other end is connected with inner thread joint (34), middle part is connected with outer tube (32) through support body (36), the interlayer of inner tube (35) and outer tube (32) is extracted high vacuum, suction head (37), balancing body (38) and outer tube (32) middle two sides are symmetrically installed and connected. ​ 2. The cryogenic deep cold fast drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The low-temperature deep cold fast drilling device is formed by the derrick (1), the power (2), the crown block (5), the walking beam (15), the hydraulic flusher (14), the liquid nitrogen tank truck (6), the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7), the liquid nitrogen controller (16), the bit (17), the liquid nitrogen pump (12), the air compressor (13) which are connected by mechanical connection, pipeline connection, power connection and thermal connection structure, the liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank truck (6) is connected with the liquid nitrogen inlet of the liquid nitrogen pump (12) through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen pump (12) is connected with the one end inlet of the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7) through the self-sealing (8), the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7) is connected in sequence through the self-sealing (8) from the head to the tail, and the terminal is connected with the upper connector (55) of the liquid nitrogen controller (16) through the self-sealing (8) to form an integral whole.

3. The cryogenic deep cold fast drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (7) is formed by the front connector (40), the rear connector (41), the outer corrugated pipe (42), the inner corrugated pipe (43) and the clamp (44) which are connected in one body through the outer corrugated pipe (42), the inner corrugated pipe (43), the front connector (40) and the rear connector (41), the outer corrugated pipe (42) and the inner corrugated pipe (43) are connected with the front connector (40) and the rear connector (41), the middle layer of the outer corrugated pipe (42) and the inner corrugated pipe (43) is filled with pearl sand and is subjected to low vacuum extraction, the end face of the front connector (40) is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface, the outer sleeve clamp (44) is provided, the clamp (44) is a circular ring with curved hooks on both sides, and the end face of the rear connector (41) is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface.

4. The cryogenic deep cold fast drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The hydraulic flusher (14) is formed by the shell (58), the upper water inlet pipe (59) and the lower water outlet pipe (60) which are connected in one body through the shell (58), the shell (58) is a cylindrical body with a symmetric circular hole in the center and a sealed periphery, one side is provided with the upper water inlet pipe (59), and the other side is provided with the lower water outlet pipe (60).

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