A hard rock cutting device for a roadheader

Abstract

The application discloses a hard rock cutting device of a heading machine, which comprises a cutter head cutting assembly, a cantilever section fixedly connected with the cutter head cutting assembly at the front end of the cantilever section, a telescopic section hinged to a main machine of the heading machine, a cantilever section telescopic section connecting part connected between the cantilever section and the telescopic section, and a power supply device. The cantilever section is used for driving the cutter head cutting assembly to perform a rotary cutting operation and changing a cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly. The telescopic section is used for driving the cantilever section to perform a telescopic operation and supplying power to the cantilever section for driving the cutter head cutting assembly to perform the rotary cutting. The cantilever section telescopic section connecting part is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly installed on the cantilever section and transmitting a cutting power of the telescopic section to the cantilever section. The application can control the angle of the blade cutting rock, damage the tensile strength of the rock and achieve the purpose of rock breaking.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a hard rock cutting device for a tunnel boring machine, and more particularly to a hard rock cutting device for a cantilever tunnel boring machine used in tunneling through all-hard rock tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Cantilever tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are primarily suitable for strata with a hardness of f2 to f7. In strata harder than f7, the advantages of TBMs are not significant; the higher the hardness, the greater the wear on the cutting teeth, and the tunneling efficiency is not superior to drill-and-blast methods. Drill-and-blast methods are dangerous, with uncontrolled dimensional deviations and strict explosive control, making them unsuitable for the rapid development of tunnel boring. Full-face rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) can tunnel in hard rock, but they have high initial investment costs, limited adjustable diameter, poor adaptability to geological conditions, and can only tunnel in circular cross-sections. Therefore, new structures and new methods for hard rock tunneling are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hard rock cutting device for a tunnel boring machine, used for cutting hard rock in strata with a hardness exceeding f7.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the tunnel boring machine hard rock cutting device of the present invention comprises:

[0005] Cutterhead cutting assembly;

[0006] Its front end is fixedly connected to the cantilever section of the cutter head cutting assembly, which is used to drive the cutter head cutting assembly to perform rotary cutting operations and change the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly to perform cutting operations.

[0007] The telescopic section of the articulated tunneling machine main unit is used to drive the cantilever section to perform telescopic operations and to supply power to the cantilever section to drive the cutterhead cutting assembly to perform rotary cutting.

[0008] The cantilever section and telescopic section connecting part (or joint) installed between the cantilever section and the telescopic section are used to adjust the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly installed on the cantilever section and transmit the cutting power of the telescopic section to the cantilever section.

[0009] Preferably, the cantilever section telescopic section connecting part includes: a hollow connector connecting the cantilever section and the telescopic section together; an axially offset coupling passing through the hollow connector for transmitting the cutting power of the telescopic section to the spindle of the cantilever section for driving the cutter head cutting assembly; and a cutting angle adjustment device installed between the cantilever section and the telescopic section for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly installed on the cantilever section.

[0010] Preferably, the cantilever section telescopic section connecting part further includes: a first lug flange installed at the rear end of the cantilever section, having a first pair of connecting lugs for connecting the hollow connector and a first hinge assembly for hinged to the entry angle adjustment device; and a second lug flange installed at the front end of the telescopic section, having a second pair of connecting lugs for connecting the hollow connector and a second hinge assembly for hinged to the entry angle adjustment device.

[0011] Preferably, the hollow connector is a hollow cross pin, having a hollow cylinder and four pins distributed on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder, wherein two pins are used to connect the first pair of connecting ears, and the other two pins are used to connect the second pair of connecting ears.

[0012] Preferably, the axially offset coupling is a universal coupling or a flexible coupling, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the cutting reducer of the telescopic section, and the other end of which is connected to the main shaft of the cantilever section used to drive the cutter head cutting assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the approach angle adjustment device includes a plurality of driving cylinders, each of which has a first hinge end at one end for hinged to a hinge seat in the first hinge assembly, and a second hinge end at the other end for hinged to a hinge seat in the second hinge assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the cutter head cutting assembly is installed at the front end of the cantilever section spindle, and includes a cutter head integrally formed with the front end of the cantilever section spindle and multiple sets of blades detachably installed on the cutter head.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic section includes: a telescopic outer frame with a cavity in its middle; a telescopic inner cylinder whose sliding part is installed in the cavity of the telescopic outer frame, the telescopic inner cylinder containing a motor and a motor reducer as the cutting reducer; and a telescopic cylinder for driving the telescopic inner cylinder to telescopically extend or retract relative to the telescopic outer frame.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic inner cylinder is provided with guide rail grooves on two opposite sides; the telescopic outer frame cavity is provided with guide rail protrusions on two side walls that are adapted to the guide rail grooves; the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed on the telescopic outer frame, and the piston rod end extending from the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the front end of the telescopic inner cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the cutter head has a cutter head hole; the blade has a blade mounting hole, and the back of the blade has a hollow cylinder protruding for embedding into the cutter head hole and communicating with the blade mounting hole, so that the blade can be installed on the cutter head by bolts; multiple carbide tips are embedded on the outer side of the blade.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a tunneling machine, comprising: a tunneling machine main unit on which a rotary cylinder is mounted; the aforementioned tunneling machine hard rock cutting device, which is hinged to the tunneling machine main unit via a connecting pin; and a lifting cylinder installed between the tunneling machine hard rock cutting device and the tunneling machine main unit.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial technical effects of this invention are: 1) Since the compressive strength of rock is several times greater than its tensile strength, the present invention's use of a cutterhead cutting technology to break the tensile strength of rock can greatly reduce the energy consumption of hard rock cutting. 2) This invention uses a wrist-operated hydraulic cylinder to control the swing angle of the cutterhead, and the left-right, up-down, and longitudinal feed of the cutterhead are all controlled by a pre-programmed sequence. Therefore, this invention facilitates breaking the tensile strength of rock and improves the efficiency of hard rock cutting.

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to further understand the above-mentioned technical content and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a component of the hard rock cutting device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the hard rock cutting device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3A yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of direction A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3B yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the B-direction;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a display Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the hollow pin shaft and the cantilever section and telescopic section;

[0026] Figure 5A This is an exploded view of the hollow cross pin of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5B It is a schematic diagram showing the universal joint passing through the hollow cross pin;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the telescopic section of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the telescopic section;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the cutter head cutting assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application example of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Cantilever section 1; Telescopic section 2; Telescopic inner cylinder 22; Telescopic cylinder 220; Telescopic outer frame 21; Cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3; First lug flange 31; First pair of connecting ears 310; First hinge assembly 311; Second lug flange 32; Second pair of connecting ears 320; Second hinge assembly 321; Cutting angle adjustment device 33; Drive cylinder 330; First hinge end 331; Second hinge end 331; Hollow connector 34; Hollow cylinder 340; Pin 341; Coupling 35; Cutterhead cutting assembly 4; Cutterhead 41; Blade 40; Hollow cylinder 401; Bolt 402; Tunneling machine main unit 5; Rotary cylinder 50; Lifting cylinder 51; Hinge 52. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of the tunnel boring machine hard rock cutting device of the present invention is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a hard rock cutting device for a tunneling machine according to the present invention includes: a cutterhead cutting assembly 4; a cantilever section 1 fixedly connected to the front end of the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 for driving the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 to perform rotary cutting operations and changing the cutting angle of the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 for cutting operations; a telescopic section 2 hinged to the main body of the tunneling machine 5 for driving the cantilever section 1 to perform telescopic operations and supplying power to the cantilever section 1 to drive the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 to perform rotary cutting operations; and a cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3 installed between the cantilever section 1 and the telescopic section 2 for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutterhead cutting assembly installed on the cantilever section 1 and transmitting the cutting power of the telescopic section 2 to the cantilever section 1.

[0034] Figures 2 to 4 The structure of the cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3 of the present invention is shown. The cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3 of the present invention includes: a hollow connector 34 connecting the cantilever section 1 and the telescopic section 2 together; an axially offset coupling 35 passing through the hollow connector 34 for transmitting the cutting power of the telescopic section 2 to the cantilever section 1 to drive the main shaft of the cutter head cutting assembly 4; and a cutting angle adjustment device 33 installed between the cantilever section 1 and the telescopic section 2 for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly 4 installed on the cantilever section.

[0035] The cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3 of the present invention further includes: a first lug flange 31 installed at the rear end of the cantilever section 1, having a first pair of connecting lugs 310 for connecting the hollow connecting member 34, and a first hinge assembly 311 for hinged entry angle adjustment device 33; and a second lug flange 32 installed at the front end of the telescopic section 2, having a second pair of connecting lugs 320 for connecting the hollow connecting member 34, and a second hinge assembly 321 for hinged entry angle adjustment device 33.

[0036] like Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, the first hinge assembly 311 of the first ear flange 31 includes multiple hinge seats, the number of which can be... Figure 3A The number of the four shown can be more or less than four, depending on the number of the entry angle adjustment devices 33; similarly, the second hinge assembly 321 of the second ear flange 33 also includes multiple hinge seats, the number of which depends on the number of the entry angle adjustment devices 33.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the axially offset coupling 35 of the present invention can be a universal coupling or a flexible coupling. One end of the axially offset coupling 35 is connected to the output shaft of the cutting reducer of the telescopic section 2 (not shown in the figure), and the other end is connected to the cantilever section 1 to drive the main shaft of the cutter head cutting assembly (not shown in the figure).

[0038] Figure 4 , Figure 5A The structure of the hollow connector 34 is shown. The hollow connector of the present invention can be a hollow cross pin, having a hollow cylindrical body 340 and four pins 341 distributed on the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical body. Two of the pins 341 are used to connect the first pair of connecting ears 310, and the other two pins 341 are used to connect the second pair of connecting ears 320. During assembly, the first pair of connecting ears 310 of the first ear flange 31 are aligned with the two through holes of the hollow cylindrical body 340, and then the two pins 341 are inserted into these two through holes. Then, the second pair of connecting ears 320 of the second ear flange 32 are aligned with the other two through holes of the hollow cylindrical body 340, and then the other two pins 341 are inserted into these two through holes. Finally, the four pins are locked with a fastening sleeve (not shown in the figure), thereby achieving the connection between the telescopic section and the cantilever section. Furthermore, to allow the telescopic section and the cantilever section to swing relative to each other, the pins 341 are loosely fitted with the first and second pairs of connecting ears.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the cutting angle adjustment device 33 of the present invention includes a plurality of drive cylinders 330. Each drive cylinder 330 has a first hinge end 331 at one end for hinged to a hinge seat in the first hinge assembly 311, and a second hinge end 332 at the other end for hinged to a hinge seat in the second hinge assembly 321. The drive cylinders can be wrist-operated cylinders, and the number can be four, more, or less than four. Under the action of the wrist-operated cylinders, the cantilever section 1 can swing relative to the telescopic part 2 at a certain angle in any direction.

[0040] Figure 6 The structure of the telescopic segment 2 of the present invention is shown, as follows: Figure 6 and 7As shown, the telescopic section 2 includes: a telescopic outer frame 21 with a cavity in its middle; a telescopic inner cylinder 22 whose sliding part is installed in the cavity of the telescopic outer frame 21; and a telescopic cylinder 220 for driving the telescopic inner cylinder 22 to telescopically extend or retract relative to the telescopic outer frame 21. The telescopic inner cylinder 22 can slide on the track of the telescopic outer frame 21 under the push of the telescopic cylinder 220. The telescopic inner cylinder 22 contains a motor (not shown in the figure) and a motor reducer (not shown in the figure) as a cutting reducer.

[0041] Figure 7 The structure of the telescopic outer frame 21 and the telescopic inner cylinder 22 of the telescopic section 2 is shown, as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic inner cylinder 22 is provided with guide rail grooves 221 on two opposite sides; the telescopic outer frame 21 cavity is provided with guide rail protrusions 211 on two side walls that are adapted to the guide rail grooves 221; the cylinder body (not shown in the figure) of the telescopic cylinder 220 is fixed on the telescopic outer frame 21, and the piston rod end extending from the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 220 is fixed to the front end of the telescopic inner cylinder 22. Of course, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 220 can also be installed on the front end of the telescopic inner cylinder 22, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 220 can be installed on the telescopic outer frame 21.

[0042] Figure 8 The structure of the blade cutting assembly 4 of the present invention is shown, as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the cutter head cutting assembly 4 is installed at the front end of the spindle of the cantilever section 1, including a cutter head 41 integrally formed with the front end of the spindle of the cantilever section and multiple sets of blades 40 detachably installed on the cutter head 41. The cutter head 41 has a cutter head hole; the blades 40 have blade mounting holes, and the back of the blade 40 has a hollow cylinder 401 protruding for embedding into the cutter head hole and communicating with the blade mounting hole, so that the blade 40 can be installed onto the cutter head 41 by bolts 402; multiple carbide tips are embedded on the outer side of the blade 40.

[0043] The cantilever section 1 includes a cantilever section body, a centrally located main shaft, and bearings (not shown) that mount the main shaft to the cantilever section body, allowing the main shaft to rotate relative to the cantilever section body. The front end of the main shaft connects to the cutter head 41 at the front end of the cantilever section, and its rear end connects to an axially offset coupling 35. A first lug flange 31 is fixed to the cantilever section body. During cutting operations, the rotation of the main shaft of the cantilever section 1 drives the cutter head 41 to rotate, causing the blades 40 fixed to the cutter head 41 to cut hard rock. Additionally, auxiliary components such as guide vanes and high-pressure water nozzles can be installed behind the cutter head 41.

[0044] Figure 9A tunneling machine equipped with the hard rock cutting device of the present invention is shown. The tunneling machine includes: a main tunneling machine 5, on which a rotary cylinder 50 is mounted; a telescopic section 2 of the main tunneling machine 5 hinged by a connecting pin 52; a lifting cylinder 51 installed between the telescopic section 2 and the main tunneling machine 5; a cutterhead cutting assembly 4; a cantilever section 1 of the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 fixedly connected to its front end for driving the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 to perform rotary cutting operations and changing the cutting angle of the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 for cutting operations; the telescopic section 2 hinged to the main tunneling machine 5 for driving the cantilever section 1 to perform telescopic operations and supplying the cantilever section 1 with power to drive the cutterhead cutting assembly 4 to perform rotary cutting operations; and a cantilever section telescopic section connecting part 3 connected between the cantilever section 1 and the telescopic section 2 for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutterhead cutting assembly installed on the cantilever section 1 and transmitting the cutting power of the telescopic section 2 to the cantilever section 1.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the hard rock cutting device of the present invention is connected to the rotary table of a cantilever tunneling machine via a lifting cylinder 51, and can be replaced with the cutting section of a corresponding cantilever tunneling machine, allowing for selection and use in different cutting conditions for soft and hard rock. The entire device can swing up and down and left and right under the action of the lifting cylinder and the rotary cylinder 50.

[0046] When cutting hard rock, the present invention mainly controls the cutting angle of the cutter head 41 when it starts cutting by using a wrist-operated hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder pushes the blade 40 on the cutter head 41 forward. After the blade 40 on the cutter head 41 reaches the cutting depth, it returns to the original angle. The entire tunnel section is cut by using a lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 and a rotating hydraulic cylinder 50, and then the cycle repeats to the next feeding depth.

[0047] This invention utilizes a wrist-operated hydraulic cylinder to control the angle of the blades on the cutter head 41, thereby breaking down the tensile strength of the rock to achieve the purpose of cutting hard rock; the use of an axially offset coupling 35 ensures that the wrist-operated hydraulic cylinder can smoothly adjust the angle of the blades on the cutter head 41.

[0048] Since the compressive strength of rock is several times its tensile strength, the present invention uses a cutterhead cutting technology to destroy the tensile strength of rock, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption of hard rock cutting.

[0049] Furthermore, this invention employs a wrist-operated hydraulic cylinder to control the swing angle of the cutter head, and the left-right, up-down swing and longitudinal feed of the cutter head are all controlled by a pre-programmed program. Therefore, this invention facilitates the breaking of the tensile strength of the rock and improves the efficiency of cutting hard rock.

[0050] Although the present invention has been described in detail above, it is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock cutting device for a tunnel boring machine, comprising a cantilever section (1) fixedly connected to a cutterhead cutting assembly (4), the cutterhead cutting assembly (4) being installed at the front end of the main shaft of the cantilever section (1), and including a cutterhead (41) integrally formed with the front end of the main shaft of the cantilever section (1); characterized in that Also includes: Multiple sets of blades (40) are detachably mounted on the cutter head (41), with adjacent blades (40) connected to each other and multiple carbide tips embedded on the outer side of each set of blades (40); The telescopic section (2) of the tunneling machine main unit (5) is articulated with a rotary cylinder (50). The telescopic section (2) of the articulated tunneling machine main unit (5) drives the cantilever section (1) to perform telescopic operations and supplies power to the cantilever section (1) to drive the cutterhead cutting assembly (4) to perform rotary cutting operations. A lifting cylinder (51) is installed between the telescopic section (2) and the tunneling machine main unit (5); The cantilever section telescopic section connecting part (3) installed between the cantilever section (1) and the telescopic section (2) is used to adjust the cutting angle of the cutter head cutting assembly (4) installed on the cantilever section (1) and transmit the cutting power of the telescopic section (2) to the cantilever section (1). The cantilever section telescopic section connecting part (3) includes: a hollow connecting member (34) that connects the cantilever section (1) and the telescopic section (2) together. A axially offset coupling (35) passes through the hollow connector (34), which transmits the cutting power of the telescopic section (2) to the cantilever section (1) to drive the spindle of the cutter head cutting assembly (4). An entry angle adjustment device (33) comprising multiple program-controlled drive cylinders (330) is installed between the cantilever section (1) and the telescopic section (2). Under the action of the program-controlled drive cylinders (330), the cantilever section (1) swings relative to the telescopic section (2) at a certain angle in any direction. During hard rock cutting, the drive cylinder (330) controlled by the program controls the cutting angle of the cutter head (41) when it starts cutting. The telescopic cylinder (220) pushes the blade (40) on the cutter head (41) forward. After the blade (40) on the cutter head (41) reaches the cutting depth, it returns to the original angle. The entire tunnel section is cut by the lifting cylinder (51) and the rotary cylinder (50). The cantilever section telescopic section connection part further includes: a first lug flange installed at the rear end of the cantilever section (1), having a first pair of connecting lugs for connecting the hollow connector and a first hinge assembly for hinged to the entry angle adjustment device; and a second lug flange installed at the front end of the telescopic section, having a second pair of connecting lugs for connecting the hollow connector and a second hinge assembly for hinged to the entry angle adjustment device. The hollow connector is a hollow cross pin, which has a hollow cylinder and four pins distributed on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder. Two of the pins are used to connect the first pair of connecting ears, and the other two pins are used to connect the second pair of connecting ears. The axially offset coupling is a universal coupling or a flexible coupling, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the cutting reducer of the telescopic section, and the other end is connected to the main shaft of the cantilever section used to drive the cutter head cutting assembly.

2. The hard rock cutting device for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each drive cylinder (330) has a first hinge end at one end for hinged to a hinge seat in the first hinge assembly, and a second hinge end at the other end for hinged to a hinge seat in the second hinge assembly.

3. The hard rock cutting device for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (41) has a cutter head hole, and the blade (40) has a blade mounting hole; the back of the blade (40) has a hollow cylinder (401) for embedding into the cutter head hole and connecting the blade mounting hole, so that the blade (40) can be installed on the cutter head (41) by bolts (402).

4. The hard rock cutting device for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The telescopic section includes: The telescopic outer frame has a cavity in its middle; Its sliding part is installed in the telescopic inner cylinder inside the telescopic outer frame cavity, and the telescopic inner cylinder contains a motor and a motor reducer that serves as the cutting reducer. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder used to drive the telescopic inner cylinder to extend or retract relative to the telescopic outer frame.

5. The hard rock cutting device for a tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The telescopic inner cylinder is provided with guide rail grooves on two opposite sides; the telescopic outer frame cavity is provided with guide rail protrusions on two side walls that are adapted to the guide rail grooves; the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed on the telescopic outer frame, and the piston rod end extending from the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the front end of the telescopic inner cylinder.

6. A tunneling machine having a hard rock cutting device as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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