A centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon

Abstract

The present invention relates to a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon, comprising a shell and a drum extraction unit. The drum extraction unit is built into the inner cavity of the shell. The drum extraction unit comprises a power shaft, a drum and a vibration-damping cylinder. The drum performs a rotational motion under the driving force of the power shaft, and completes the separation of the heavy phase and the light phase by means of different centrifugal forces. The vibration-damping cylinder is sleeved in the inner cavity of the drum to form a processing chamber between the two. The vibration-damping cylinder is sleeved on the power shaft and rotates therewith. In this way, under the premise that the volume of the drum meets the normal operation of the centrifugal extractor, the conduction path of the excitation wave in the inner cavity of the drum is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the overall amplitude of the centrifugal extractor. More importantly, when multiple sets of centrifugal extractors are used in series, vibration-damping cylinders of different diameters can be adapted to each centrifugal extractor according to actual conditions, thereby avoiding the generation of excitation at the same frequency, thereby avoiding the occurrence of resonance phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal extractor manufacturing, in particular to a centrifugal extractor capable of eliminating resonance phenomenon. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal extraction technology is a practical technology that uses centrifugal force field to achieve liquid-liquid contact mass transfer and phase separation. It is a new type of efficient separation technology that combines liquid-liquid extraction and centrifugal technology. Compared with other extraction technologies, it has the characteristics of short contact time between two-phase materials, fast phase separation speed, small retention in the equipment, and wide operating range. This technology has been applied by a large number of scientific researchers in many fields such as hydrometallurgy, pharmaceuticals, wastewater treatment, nuclear energy, petrochemicals, and fine chemicals.

[0003] Centrifugal extraction technology is mostly realized with the help of centrifugal extractors, and its working principle is as follows: the mixed liquid formed by the heavy phase and the light phase after mixing enters the drum. Driven by the drum, the mixed liquid and the drum rotate synchronously at high speed to generate centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the heavy phase with higher density gradually moves away from the center of the drum and approaches the drum wall during the upward flow; the light phase with lower density gradually moves away from the drum wall and approaches the center. Finally, the two-phase liquid is thrown into the collection chamber through their respective channels, and the two phases flow out from their respective collection chambers, thus completing the two-phase separation process. In the process of separation of liquid-liquid mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the drum, it is inevitable that a specific frequency of excitation will be generated, and when the excitation is superimposed multiple times, the amplitude of the excitation will be further increased, which will affect the separation process of the light phase and the heavy phase. Especially when multiple centrifugal extractors of the same model are used in series, and the vibration frequencies generated by each are basically the same, resonance is very likely to occur, and even affect the safety of surrounding buildings. Therefore, it is urgent for technicians to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a centrifugal extractor with a simple structural design, which can effectively reduce the excitation amplitude, ensure the smooth separation process of the light phase and the heavy phase when a single set is used independently, and avoid resonance when multiple sets are used in series.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention relates to a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon, including a shell and a drum extraction unit. The drum extraction unit is built into the inner cavity of the shell. The drum extraction unit includes a power shaft and a drum. The drum performs circumferential rotation around its central axis under the driving force of the power shaft, and completes the separation of the heavy phase and the light phase by means of the difference in centrifugal force. In addition, the above-mentioned drum extraction unit also includes a vibration-damping cylinder, which is built into the inner cavity of the drum to form a processing chamber between the two. The vibration-damping cylinder is sleeved on the power shaft and follows the rotational movement.

[0006] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the rotary drum extraction unit further comprises at least one partition plate, which is vertically placed in the processing chamber and evenly distributed around the circumference of the vibration-absorbing cylinder to partition the processing chamber.

[0007] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the partition plate is connected and fixed between the outer wall of the vibration-absorbing cylinder and the inner wall of the drum to divide the processing chamber into independent processing sub-chambers.

[0008] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the rotary drum extraction unit further comprises a flow divider seat and a liquid inlet plate, which are sleeved and fixed on the power shaft at intervals. The vibration damping cylinder is pressed between the flow divider seat and the liquid inlet plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of liquid inlet slots are provided on the liquid inlet plate along its circumferential direction, and the number and position of the liquid inlet slots correspond to the processing chambers one by one, and the diameters of the liquid inlet slots are different.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, a variable lead spiral groove is provided on the outer side wall of the vibration damping cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the combination equation of the variable lead spiral groove is: ; Among them, the constant ω(t) is the angular velocity of the circular motion of the vibration damping cylinder; the constant v(t) is a variable; the expansion diagram of the variable lead spiral groove is a curve, and the first-order derivative of the curve is continuous; the tangent value of the helix angle at any point on the curve is equal to the first-order derivative of the curve function at that point.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon also includes a flow divider. The flow divider is also fixed to the inner cavity of the shell, so that a light phase collection chamber and a heavy phase collection chamber are formed on the upper and lower sides thereof, respectively. A light phase liquid outlet and a heavy phase liquid outlet are respectively provided on the shell, and corresponding to the light phase collection chamber and the heavy phase collection chamber. The light phase liquid outlet is arranged tangent to the bottom wall of the shell.

[0013] Compared with the centrifugal extractor of the traditional design structure, in the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, a vibration-absorbing cylinder is provided in the drum along the power shaft sleeve. In this way, under the premise that the volume of the drum meets the normal operation of the centrifugal extractor, the above technical solution can be adopted to effectively reduce the conduction path of the excitation wave in the inner cavity of the drum, thereby reducing the overall amplitude of the centrifugal extractor. More importantly, when multiple sets of centrifugal extractors are used in series, vibration-absorbing cylinders of different diameters can be adapted for each centrifugal extractor according to actual conditions, so that the inner cavities of the drums have different volumes, avoiding the generation of excitation at the same frequency, thereby avoiding the occurrence of resonance and eliminating the adverse effects on the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 main view.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Left view of .

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA section view.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vibration-absorbing cylinder in a first embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 CC cross-sectional view.

[0023] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 DD cross-sectional view.

[0024] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vibration-absorbing cylinder in a third embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance in the present invention.

[0025] 1-shell; 11-heavy phase collecting chamber; 12-light phase collecting chamber; 13-light phase liquid outlet; 14-heavy phase liquid outlet; 2-drum extraction unit; 21-power shaft; 22-drum; 221-processing chamber; 2211-processing chamber; 23-vibration damping cylinder; 231-variable lead spiral groove; 24-partition plate; 25-diverter seat; 26-liquid inlet plate; 261-liquid inlet slit; 3-diverter cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The three-dimensional schematic diagram, the front view, the left view and the AA cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance in the present invention are respectively shown. It can be seen that the centrifugal extractor mainly consists of a housing 1, a drum extraction unit 2 and other parts, wherein the drum extraction unit 2 is built into the inner cavity of the housing 1, and includes a power shaft 21, a drum 22 and a vibration elimination cylinder 23 (such as Figure 6 ). The drum 22 rotates around its central axis under the driving force of the power shaft 21, and separates the heavy phase and the light phase by means of the difference in centrifugal force. The vibration-absorbing cylinder 23 is built into the inner cavity of the drum 22 to form a processing chamber 221 between the two. The vibration-absorbing cylinder 23 is sleeved on the power shaft 21 and rotates accordingly. In this way, under the premise that the volume of the drum 22 meets the normal operation of the centrifugal extractor, the above-mentioned technical solution can be used to effectively reduce the conduction path of the excitation wave in the inner cavity of the drum 22, thereby reducing the overall amplitude of the centrifugal extractor.

[0028] More importantly, when multiple centrifugal extractors are used in series, a vibration-damping cylinder 23 of different diameters can be adapted for each centrifugal extractor according to actual conditions, so that the inner cavity of its drum 22 has different volumes, thereby avoiding the generation of excitation at the same frequency, thereby avoiding the occurrence of resonance and eliminating the adverse effects on the building.

[0029] Of course, the drum extraction unit 2 further includes a flow divider seat 25 and a liquid inlet plate 26, which are spaced apart and fixed on the power shaft 21. The vibration damping cylinder 23 is pressed between the flow divider seat 2 and the liquid inlet plate 26 (such as Figure 4 As shown in ). In this way, on the one hand, it is helpful to ensure the reliability and stability of the fixing of the vibration-absorbing cylinder 23 itself, and prevent it from loosening in the actual process; on the other hand, it can effectively reduce the difficulty of assembling and subsequently disassembling the vibration-absorbing cylinder 23, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the operator.

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of liquid inlet slits 261 may be provided on the liquid inlet plate 26 along its circumferential direction, and the number and position of the liquid inlet slits 261 correspond to the above-mentioned processing chambers 221. The diameters of the liquid inlet slits 261 are different (e.g. Figure 4 , 5 As shown in ). In this way, the frequency and amplitude of the excitation generated in each processing chamber 221 have a certain difference, thereby avoiding resonance of a single centrifugal extractor itself.

[0031] In addition, the centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon further comprises a flow divider 3. The flow divider 3 is also fixed to the inner cavity of the housing 1, so that a heavy phase collecting chamber 11 and a light phase collecting chamber 12 are formed on the upper and lower sides thereof, respectively. A light phase liquid outlet 13 and a heavy phase liquid outlet 14 (such as Figure 1 , 2 , 3, and 4). In this way, the centrifugal extractor requires fewer auxiliary equipment, and the light phase flow path and the heavy phase flow path are arranged reasonably and compactly, and the occupied area is small.

[0032] Of course, in order to prevent bubbles from mixing into the diversion pipe and affecting the light phase conveying efficiency, the light phase liquid outlet 13 is preferably arranged tangentially to the bottom wall of the shell 1 (such as Figure 4 ).

[0033] Figure 7 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a second embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance in the present invention. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that at least one partition plate 24 is additionally provided, which is vertically placed in the processing chamber 221 and evenly distributed around the circumference of the vibration-eliminating cylinder 23 to partition the processing chamber 221 (e.g. Figure 8 , 9 ), which to some extent cuts off the propagation path of the excitation and reduces the superposition intensity of multiple excitations, thereby ensuring that the amplitude of the centrifugal extractor is controlled below a reasonable value.

[0034] Of course, as a further optimization of the above technical solution, the above-mentioned partition plate 24 can also be connected and fixed between the outer wall of the vibration-absorbing cylinder 23 and the inner wall of the rotating drum 22 to separate the processing chamber 221 into mutually independent processing sub-chambers 2211, thereby greatly reducing the size of the excitation propagation space and reducing its vibration intensity.

[0035] Fig.10A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vibration-damping cylinder in a third embodiment of a centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance in the present invention is shown, and the difference between the vibration-damping cylinder 23 and the above two embodiments is that a variable-lead spiral groove 231 is provided on the outer wall of the vibration-damping cylinder 23, thereby changing the flow path of the liquid-liquid mixed phase or the light phase on its outer wall, making the flow direction of the liquid-liquid mixed phase or the light phase more disordered, thereby effectively preventing the resonance phenomenon caused by the excitation and reducing the vibration amount of the drum extraction unit 2 itself during the rotation process.

[0036] After specific experimental verification, the combination equation of the variable lead spiral groove 231 is preferably: ; Among them, the constant ω(t) is the angular velocity of the circular motion of the vibration damping cylinder; the constant v(t) is a variable.

[0037] In addition, in order to reduce the difficulty of forming the variable lead spiral groove 231, its unfolded diagram is a curve, and the first-order derivative of the curve is continuous; the tangent value of the helix angle at any point on the curve is equal to the first-order derivative of the curve function at that point.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance, comprising a housing and a drum extraction unit; the drum extraction unit is built into the inner cavity of the housing; the drum extraction unit comprises a power shaft and a drum; the drum performs circumferential rotation around its central axis under the driving force of the power shaft, and separates the heavy phase and the light phase by means of the difference in centrifugal force, characterized in that: The rotary drum extraction unit further includes a vibration-eliminating cylinder, which is built into the inner cavity of the rotary drum to form a processing chamber between the two; and the vibration-eliminating cylinder is sleeved on the power shaft and rotates with it; The rotary drum extraction unit further comprises at least one partition plate, which is vertically placed in the processing chamber and evenly distributed around the circumference of the vibration-absorbing cylinder to partition the processing chamber; The partition plate is connected and fixed between the outer wall of the vibration-absorbing cylinder and the inner wall of the rotating drum to separate the processing chamber into mutually independent processing sub-chambers; The rotary drum extraction unit further comprises a flow divider seat and a liquid inlet plate, which are sleeved and fixed on the power shaft at intervals; the vibration damping cylinder is pressed between the flow divider seat and the liquid inlet plate; A plurality of liquid inlet slots are provided on the liquid inlet plate along its circumferential direction, and the number and position of the slots correspond to the processing chambers one by one; the diameters of the liquid inlet slots are different; A variable lead spiral groove is provided on the outer side wall of the vibration damping cylinder; When multiple sets of centrifugal extractors of the same model for eliminating resonance are used in series, the diameters of the vibration-eliminating cylinders adapted for each of them are different; The centrifugal extractor for eliminating resonance phenomenon also includes a diverter hood; the diverter hood is also fixed to the inner cavity of the shell, so that a light phase collection chamber and a heavy phase collection chamber are formed on the upper and lower sides thereof respectively; wherein, a light phase liquid outlet and a heavy phase liquid outlet are respectively opened on the shell and corresponding to the light phase collection chamber and the heavy phase collection chamber; the light phase liquid outlet is arranged tangent to the bottom wall of the shell.

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