A geotechnical model integrated test device

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated test device for geotechnical models. The invention arranges transverse telescopic shafts around a power device, and arranges vertical square shafts at the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts. The ends of the vertical square shafts can be connected to a variety of different types of support plates. The device is placed at different positions in a model box according to test requirements, so as to complete a settlement test and a fault test. The device can simulate the actual situation of the fault as much as possible, reserve the fault position, and fill the fault material, which greatly reduces the experimental error. By adjusting the angle of the device, faults of different shapes can be simulated. The vertical square shaft and / or the vertical telescopic rod of the device are fixed in the model box to complete the displacement monitoring test and the soil compaction test. The device is flexible in design and easy to operate, and can accurately simulate the fault displacement. Since it is composed of multiple steel plates, it can simulate the settlement of a certain position, and the device is convenient to extract.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical model testing, and in particular relates to a geotechnical model integrated testing device. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal model experiment is an experimental method that simulates the gravity field to simulate the actual engineering state. It is a method used to solve practical engineering problems and theoretical research. The geotechnical centrifuge is mainly composed of a support, a counterweight box, a model box, a hanging basket and other parts. The geotechnical centrifuge is used to simulate the force, deformation and damage of the prototype geotechnical structure, verify the design plan, conduct material parameter research, verify the mathematical model and numerical analysis calculation results, and is widely used in the field of geotechnical engineering. Through the geotechnical similarity theory, the geometric shape of the prototype is scaled down, and a model is made of soil with the same physical properties, so that its stress state in the centrifugal field is consistent with that of the prototype in the gravity field, in order to study the testing technology of engineering properties.

[0003] Model experiments require controlling soil settlement and simulating fault movement. During the experiment of simulating fault movement, a pad of a certain thickness needs to be placed at the bottom of the upper plate or lower plate, that is, at the bottom of the model box, and the fault movement during the experiment is simulated by pulling out the pad. Due to limited space and immature technical conditions, in order to simplify the experimental steps and save experimental time, a steel plate is often placed at the bottom of the model box. However, due to the compaction of the soil, the steel plate is difficult to remove, and the steel plate itself will also produce a certain amount of deformation. Since the steel plate is a whole, it is impossible to accurately simulate the fault movement. This design effectively solves this problem.

[0004] In geotechnical experiments, the experiment needs to simulate the actual shape of the actual fault as much as possible. However, due to the small space and limited conditions, it is impossible to fully simulate the actual situation of the fault, so technical errors occur at the beginning of the experiment. Faults with regular shapes are easier to simulate, but actual faults are very strange and have extremely irregular shapes, making them difficult to simulate. In the experiment, the fault simulation material and the soil layer are placed in the model box at the same time. After the soil layer is compacted, the fault simulation material is very likely to deform or dislocate, which will have a certain impact on the compaction degree of the soil, thereby causing experimental errors. Therefore, in geotechnical model experiments, the problem of fault simulation needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] Displacement meters are widely used in geotechnical model experiments such as dams, embankments, slopes, and pile foundations. Especially in pile foundation model experiments, displacement meters need to be installed on the top of the pile to measure the settlement and horizontal displacement of the pile top. However, the position of the displacement meter needs to be manually adjusted during the experiment to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data. This wastes time and delays progress. At this time, the experimental device needs to be modified to improve the experimental efficiency.

[0006] Soil compaction refers to the use of manual or mechanical means to apply mechanical energy to the soil, so that the soil particles are rearranged and compacted, so that the soil can obtain new structural strength in a short time, including enhancing the friction and bite between coarse-grained soils, and increasing the molecular attraction between fine-grained soils. Due to the limitation of the size of the model box, the soil is generally compacted by manual hammers instead of larger machines. However, in experimental projects, in order to ensure the compaction of the soil layer, it is necessary to compact the multi-layer soil layer by layer, which greatly increases manpower, material and financial resources, and wastes a lot of time. The compaction effect is not ideal, such as uneven compaction of the soil layer and difficulty in controlling the compaction degree. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a geotechnical model integrated test device, which is a multifunctional device that can be used simultaneously for soil settlement control, fault simulation, displacement measurement, soil compaction, etc. in model experiments.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention includes a power device, which is provided with a plurality of transverse telescopic shafts extending in all directions, the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts are provided with vertical square shafts, and the upper and lower surfaces of the power device are provided with vertical telescopic rods.

[0009] The power device comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, a plurality of power shafts are arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, and the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts are hinged on the power shafts.

[0010] All power axes are set at equal angles.

[0011] The transverse telescopic shaft comprises a primary square shaft hinged on a power device, a plurality of circular shafts are sleeved in the primary square shaft, a rotating shaft is arranged at the end of the final circular shaft, and a vertical square shaft is fixed on the rotating shaft.

[0012] The vertical square shaft includes a vertical first-level square shaft fixed on the horizontal telescopic shaft, and a plurality of level square shafts are sleeved in the two end faces of the vertical first-level square shaft. The final level square shafts at both ends of the vertical first-level square shaft are respectively hingedly adjusted with steel pads through corresponding external shafts, and bolt holes are opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment steel pads.

[0013] The model box is placed in the hanging basket of the centrifuge, the adjustment steel pads at both ends of the vertical primary square shaft are connected to the reinforcement connecting plate, and the two reinforcement connecting plates on the left and right sides of the power device are respectively fixed to the hanging basket of the centrifuge through corresponding reinforcement connecting bolts.

[0014] A U-shaped plate is fixed on the adjusting steel pad, and a displacement meter is fixed on the U-shaped plate.

[0015] The adjustment steel pads at both ends of the vertical primary square shaft are respectively connected to corresponding oblique support plates, which are T-shaped plates. The oblique support plates include transverse support plates and vertical support plates. The transverse support plates are used to connect with the adjustment steel pads, and the vertical support plates are used to be fixedly connected with the inside of the model box.

[0016] The vertical telescopic rod comprises a primary vertical shaft fixed on the power device, a plurality of secondary vertical shafts are sleeved in the primary vertical shaft, a connecting inner shaft is hinged on the end vertical shaft, a supporting pad is fixed on the inner shaft, and a bolt hole is opened at the bottom of the supporting pad.

[0017] The power device is provided with a USB interface, and the power device is connected to the controller via the USB interface. The controller is provided with a USB connector, and the controller is connected to the USB interface via the USB connector.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention arranges transverse telescopic shafts around the power device, and arranges vertical square shafts at the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts. The ends of the vertical square shafts can be connected to a variety of different types of support plates. The device is placed at different positions in the model box according to the test requirements, so as to complete the settlement test and fault test. The device can simulate the actual situation of the fault as much as possible, reserve the fault position, fill the fault material, and greatly reduce the experimental error. By adjusting the angle of the device to simulate faults of different shapes, the vertical square shaft and / or the vertical telescopic rod of the device are fixed in the model box to complete the displacement monitoring test and the soil compaction test. The device is flexible in design. , easy to operate, and can accurately simulate fault movement; because it is composed of multiple steel plates, it can simulate the settlement of a certain position, and the device is easy to extract. The device is easy to operate. The displacement meter can be placed at different positions on the pile top through the remote control device, and the displacement of the pile and soil in any orientation can be measured, saving the time of manual adjustment of the displacement meter and speeding up the overall progress of the experiment; the device is simple in design, detachable, does not occupy a large use space, is flexible and convenient to operate, and can compact the soil at any position. At the same time, it reduces the experimental error caused by uneven manual compaction, greatly improves the compaction effect, saves manpower, material and financial resources, reduces experimental time, and improves test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A working plane diagram when the present invention performs settlement control;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the telescopic shaft of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a device for controlling sedimentation according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A working plane diagram for simulating faults in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a device for simulating faults in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention when performing displacement measurement;

[0026] Figure 8 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the connection of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a device for displacement measurement according to the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the working of the compacting device of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the support part of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the device during compaction of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the model box in the present invention;

[0032] Among them, 1-power device, 1-1-upper plate, 1-2-lower plate, 1-3-power shaft, 2-control device, 2-1-controller, 2-2-USB connector, 2-3-USB interface, 3-vertical telescopic shaft, 3-1-first vertical shaft, 3-2-secondary vertical shaft, 3-3-connecting inner shaft, 3-4-support pad, 3-5-bolt hole, 4-lateral telescopic shaft, 4-1-first square shaft, 4-2-secondary round shaft, 4-3-third round shaft, 4-4 -rotating axis, 5-vertical square axis, 5-1-vertical primary square axis, 5-2-vertical secondary square axis, 5-3-connecting outer axis, 5-4-adjusting steel pad, 6-connecting bolt, 7-high strength support plate, 7-1-support plate type a, 7-2-support plate type b, 8-model box, 9-experimental soil, 10-U-shaped plate, 11-displacement meter, 12-reinforcement connecting plate, 13-reinforcement connecting bolt, 14-hanging basket, 15-oblique support plate, 16-compacted steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See also Figure 1The present invention includes a power device 1, on which a plurality of transverse telescopic shafts 4 extending in all directions are arranged, and vertical square shafts 5 are arranged at the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts 4, and vertical telescopic rods 3 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the power device 1. The power device 1 includes an upper plate 1-1 and a lower plate 1-2, and a plurality of power shafts 1-3 are arranged between the upper plate 1-1 and the lower plate 1-2, and the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts 4 are hinged on the power shafts 1-3. All power shafts 1-3 are arranged at equal angles. A USB interface 2-3 is provided on the power device 1, and the power device 1 is connected to the controller 2-1 via the USB interface 2-3, and a USB connector 2-2 is provided on the controller 2-1, and the controller 2-1 is connected to the USB interface 2-3 via the USB connector 2-2.

[0035] See also Figure 3 The transverse telescopic shaft 4 includes a primary square shaft 4-1 hinged on the power device 1, a plurality of circular shafts are sleeved in the primary square shaft 4-1, a rotating shaft 4-4 is arranged at the end of the final circular shaft, and a vertical square shaft 5 is fixed on the rotating shaft 4-4.

[0036] The vertical square shaft 5 includes a vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 fixed on the horizontal telescopic shaft 4, and a plurality of level square shafts are sleeved in the two end faces of the vertical first-level square shaft 5-1. The final level square shafts at both ends of the vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 are respectively hingedly adjusted to the steel pad 5-4 through the corresponding outer shaft 5-3, and bolt holes are opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment steel pad 5-4.

[0037] The vertical telescopic rod 3 includes a primary vertical shaft 3-1 fixed on the power device 1, a plurality of secondary vertical shafts are sleeved inside the primary vertical shaft 3-1, a connecting inner shaft 3-3 is hinged on the end vertical shaft, a supporting pad 3-4 is fixed on the inner shaft 3-3, and a bolt hole is opened at the bottom of the supporting pad 3-4.

[0038] When controlling soil settlement:

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4,, the primary vertical axis 3-1 is connected to the power axis 1-3 in the power device 1 to achieve vertical telescopic movement. The secondary vertical axis 3-2 is connected to the primary vertical axis 3-1, which can effectively increase the telescopic range. The support pad 3-4 is connected to the secondary vertical axis 3-2 through the connecting inner axis 3-3, and there are bolt holes 3-5 on the support pad 3-4 to fix the support plate a-type 7-1. The entire support pad 3-4 can rotate around the connecting inner axis 3-3, and the entire vertical telescopic axis 3 can rotate. The primary square axis 4-1 is connected to the power axis 1-3 and can rotate left and right, and the secondary circular axis 4-2 is connected to the primary square axis 4-1 and can be telescopic; the tertiary circular axis 4-3 is connected to the secondary circular axis 4-2 and can be telescopic. A rotating axis 4-4 is provided on the tertiary circular axis 4-3, and the entire vertical square axis 5 can rotate around the rotating axis 4-4. The vertical primary square shaft 5-1 can rotate around the central axis; the vertical secondary square shaft 5-2 is connected to the vertical primary square shaft 5-1 and can be extended and retracted; the vertical secondary square shaft 5-2 is connected to the adjustment steel pad 5-4 through the connecting outer shaft 5-3. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 can rotate around the connecting outer shaft 5-3 and is provided with bolt holes 3-5. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 is connected to the support plate a-type 7-1, etc. The entire device is fixed with multiple support plates a-type 7-1, each of which can be controlled separately. The support plate a-type 7-1 can be adjusted to different positions and angles to form a steel plate layer of a certain shape and a certain thickness, which is then placed in the model box 8 and covered with the experimental soil 9, and then adjusted to control the displacement settlement of the soil or pull the device out to form a gap.

[0040] When performing fault simulation:

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, the primary vertical axis 3-1 is connected to the power axis 1-3 in the power device 1, and vertical telescopic movement can be achieved. The secondary vertical axis 3-2 is connected to the primary vertical axis 3-1, which can effectively increase the telescopic range. The support pad 3-4 is connected to the secondary vertical axis 3-2 through the connecting inner axis 3-3, and there are bolt holes 3-5 on the support pad 3-4 to fix the support plate b type 7-2. The entire support pad 3-4 can rotate around the connecting inner axis 3-3, and the entire vertical telescopic axis 3 can rotate. The primary square axis 4-1 is connected to the power axis 1-3 and can rotate left and right; the secondary circular axis 4-2 is connected to the primary square axis 4-1 and can be telescopic; the tertiary circular axis 4-3 is connected to the secondary circular axis 4-2 and can be telescopic. A rotating axis 4-4 is provided on the tertiary circular axis 4-3, and the entire vertical square axis 5 can rotate around the rotating axis 4-4. The vertical primary square shaft 5-1 can rotate around the central axis; the vertical secondary square shaft 5-2 is connected to the vertical primary square shaft 5-1 and can be extended and retracted; the vertical secondary square shaft 5-2 is connected to the adjustment steel pad 5-4 through the connecting outer shaft 5-3. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 can rotate around the connecting outer shaft 5-3, and is provided with bolt holes 3-5. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 is connected to the support plate b-type 7-2, etc. The entire device fixes two rows of six support plates b-type 7-2, and by adjusting the position and angle of the support plate b-type 7-2, a steel plate layer of a certain shape and a certain thickness is formed, and then placed obliquely in the model box 8 to simulate the fault, with experimental soil 9 on both sides. After the experimental soil 9 is compacted, the device can be pulled out and the fault filling material can be added to simulate the actual situation.

[0042] When performing displacement measurements:

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9, the first-level square shaft 4-1 is connected to the power shaft 1-3 and can rotate left and right; the second-level circular shaft 4-2 is connected to the first-level square shaft 4-1 and can be extended; the third-level circular shaft 4-3 is connected to the second-level circular shaft 4-2 and can be extended. A rotating shaft 4-4 is provided on the third-level circular shaft 4-3, and the entire vertical square shaft 5 can rotate around the rotating shaft 4-4. The vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 can rotate around the central axis; the vertical second-level square shaft 5-2 is connected to the vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 and can be extended; the vertical second-level square shaft 5-2 is connected to the adjustment steel pad 5-4 through the connecting outer shaft 5-3. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 can rotate around the connecting outer shaft 5-3, and is provided with bolt holes 3-5. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 is connected to the reinforcement connecting plate 12. The reinforcement connecting plate 12 is fixed to the hanging basket 14 of the centrifuge through the reinforcement connecting bolt 13, and there are two reinforcement connecting plates 12 on the left and right sides. A U-shaped plate 10 is arranged on two of the adjustment steel pads 5-4 below the device. The U-shaped plate 10 is fixed by connecting bolts 6. A displacement meter 11 is arranged on the U-shaped plate 10. By adjusting, the displacement meter 11 can be placed at different positions in the model box 8 and at different angles, thereby measuring the horizontal settlement or vertical settlement of the pile or soil.

[0044] When compacting soil:

[0045] See also Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 The first-level square shaft 4-1 is connected to the power shaft 1-3 and can rotate left and right; the second-level circular shaft 4-2 is connected to the first-level square shaft 4-1 and can be extended; the third-level circular shaft 4-3 is connected to the second-level circular shaft 4-2 and can be extended. A rotating shaft 4-4 is provided on the third-level circular shaft 4-3, and the entire vertical square shaft 5 can rotate around the rotating shaft 4-4. The vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 can rotate around the central axis; the vertical second-level square shaft 5-2 is connected to the vertical first-level square shaft 5-1 and can be extended; the vertical second-level square shaft 5-2 is connected to the adjustment steel pad 5-4 through the connecting outer shaft 5-3. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 can rotate around the connecting outer shaft 5-3, and is provided with bolt holes 3-5. The adjustment steel pad 5-4 is connected to the oblique support plate 15, and there are four groups (8) of the oblique support plates 15, which are supported on the inner wall of the model box 8 through adjustment. On the vertical telescopic shaft 3 at the bottom of the device, the primary vertical shaft 3-1 is connected to the power shaft 1-3 in the power device 1 to achieve vertical telescopic movement. The secondary vertical shaft 3-2 is connected to the primary vertical shaft 3-1 to effectively increase the telescopic range. The support pad 3-4 is connected to the secondary vertical shaft 3-2 through the connecting inner shaft 3-3. There are bolt holes 3-5 on the support pad 3-4 to fix the compaction steel plate 16. The compaction steel plate 16 is adjusted to different positions above the experimental soil body 9. The vertical telescopic shaft 3 is used to control the compaction steel plate 16 to compact the soil layer.

Claims

1. A geotechnical model integrated test device, characterized in that: The power device (1) comprises a power device (1), wherein a plurality of transverse telescopic shafts (4) extending in all directions are arranged on the power device (1), vertical square shafts (5) are arranged at the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts (4), and vertical telescopic rods (3) are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the power device (1); The vertical square shaft (5) comprises a vertical primary square shaft (5-1) fixed on the transverse telescopic shaft (4), a plurality of secondary square shafts are sleeved in two end faces of the vertical primary square shaft (5-1), and the final square shafts at both ends of the vertical primary square shaft (5-1) are respectively hingedly connected to adjustment steel pads (5-4) through corresponding external shafts (5-3), and bolt holes are provided on the bottom surface of the adjustment steel pads (5-4); The model box (8) is placed in a hanging basket (14) of the centrifuge, the adjustment steel pads (5-4) at both ends of the vertical primary square shaft (5-1) are connected to the reinforcement connecting plate (12), and the two reinforcement connecting plates (12) on the left and right sides of the power device (1) are respectively fixed to the hanging basket (14) of the centrifuge through corresponding reinforcement connecting bolts (13); A U-shaped plate (10) is fixed on the adjusting steel pad (5-4), and a displacement meter (11) is fixed on the U-shaped plate (10); The adjustment steel pads (5-4) at both ends of the vertical primary square shaft (5-1) are respectively connected to corresponding oblique support plates (15), the oblique support plates (15) are T-shaped plates, and the oblique support plates (15) include transverse support plates and vertical support plates, the transverse support plates are used to be connected to the adjustment steel pads (5-4), and the vertical support plates are used to be fixedly connected to the inside of the model box (8).

2. A geotechnical model integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device (1) comprises an upper plate (1-1) and a lower plate (1-2), a plurality of power shafts (1-3) are arranged between the upper plate (1-1) and the lower plate (1-2), and the ends of the transverse telescopic shafts (4) are hinged on the power shafts (1-3).

3. A geotechnical model integrated test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: All power axes (1-3) are set at equal angles.

4. The geotechnical model integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse telescopic shaft (4) comprises a first-stage square shaft (4-1) hinged on the power device (1), a plurality of round shafts are sleeved inside the first-stage square shaft (4-1), a rotating shaft (4-4) is arranged at the end of the last round shaft, and a vertical square shaft (5) is fixed on the rotating shaft (4-4).

5. The geotechnical model integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical telescopic rod (3) comprises a first-level vertical shaft (3-1) fixed on the power device (1), a plurality of second-level vertical shafts are sleeved inside the first-level vertical shaft (3-1), a connecting inner shaft (3-3) is hingedly connected to the end vertical shaft, a supporting pad (3-4) is fixed to the inner shaft (3-3), and a bolt hole is provided at the bottom of the supporting pad (3-4).

6. The geotechnical model integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device (1) is provided with a USB interface (2-3), and the power device (1) is connected to the controller (2-1) via the USB interface (2-3). The controller (2-1) is provided with a USB connector (2-2), and the controller (2-1) is connected to the USB interface (2-3) via the USB connector (2-2).

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