Special lifting device and lifting method for heat treatment of shell-like forgings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a special hoist for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings and a hoisting method. The lower ends of two lifting plates and two fixed plates of the special hoist for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings are cross-evenly fixed around the support ring, and the upper ends are cross-evenly fixed around the upper fixed ring. The outer circle of the lower fixed ring is connected to the lifting plate and the inner wall of the lower part of the fixed plate; the upper part of the lifting plate has a lifting hole, and the lower part has a fixing hole, which is connected to the two ends of the support ring through the fixing hole. During lifting, the crane inserts the head of the workpiece into the hole in the support ring through the upper and lower fixed plates, and the lifting hole of the lifting plate is connected to the hanging plate through a pin. The crane lifts the hanging plate to move the workpiece up and down and horizontally until it enters the furnace for heat treatment together with the workpiece. By adopting the present invention, the hoist can enter the furnace together with the workpiece, and the workpiece can be heat treated vertically, reducing the materials used for hoisting the workpiece and its deformation during the heat treatment process. By matching support rings and fixing rings of different specifications and sizes, it can be used for heat treatment hoisting of forgings of different sizes with circular cross sections.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lifting tool in the production process of shell-like shape forgings, in particular to a special lifting tool for heat treatment of shell-like shape forgings and a lifting method. Background Art

[0002] Shell-like forgings are forgings with a shell-like shape encountered in industrial production. The head of the forging is an irregular curved surface, and the rest is cylindrical. In the production process, in order to reduce the amount of finishing after heat treatment, it is necessary to process it to a shell shape close to the product size before heat treatment. There are two ways of heat treatment: horizontal heat treatment and vertical heat treatment. When the workpiece is horizontally placed for heat treatment, due to the influence of factors such as dead weight and organizational transformation during the heat treatment process, the deformation of the workpiece is large, which is not conducive to subsequent processing; vertical heat treatment requires the traditional method to reserve lifting materials, which increases production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to design a special lifting tool that enables the workpiece to be heat treated vertically, without reserving lifting materials, and can reduce heat treatment deformation. The only way is that the lifting tool needs to be put into the furnace for heat treatment together with the workpiece, and the lifting tool itself can withstand a high temperature of about 900°C.

[0003] CN208103709U discloses a hoist for cylindrical forgings suitable for vertical installation. There is a vertical hanging rod, on which are fixedly connected load-bearing chain beams, joints, first connecting tubes and first load-bearing link plates, second connecting tubes and second load-bearing link plates are sequentially sleeved from top to bottom, and the upper end of the hanging rod is provided with a limit bolt for limiting the upward position of the load-bearing chain beam, a plurality of first support rods are evenly hinged on the first load-bearing link plate, a clamp rod is hinged on the other end of the first support rod, and an outward barb is provided on the other end of the clamp rod, a second support rod corresponding to the first support rod is hinged on the second load-bearing link plate, and a third load-bearing link plate is located below the second load-bearing link plate and fixedly connected to the lower end of the hanging rod, a third support rod corresponding to the second support rod is hinged on the third load-bearing link plate, and the third support rod and the corresponding second support rod are both hinged on the corresponding clamp rod, and when the hanging rod moves upward, the clamp rod is driven to move outward to drive the barb of the clamp rod to hook the forging. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special hoist and lifting method for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings, which can not only avoid the need to reserve lifting materials for the workpiece, but also reduce the deformation of the workpiece during heat treatment, and can withstand high temperature and be heat treated in the furnace together with the workpiece.

[0005] The implementation method of the present invention is as follows: a special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings, the lower ends of two lifting plates and two fixing plates are evenly distributed and fixed around the support ring, the upper ends of two lifting plates and two fixing plates are evenly distributed and fixed around the upper fixing ring, and the outer circle of the lower fixing ring is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the lifting plate and the fixing plate by welding; the upper part of the lifting plate has a lifting hole, and the lower part has a fixing hole, and is connected to the two ends of the support ring through the fixing hole;

[0006] The distance between the lifting hole on the upper part of the lifting plate and the support ring is greater than the length of the workpiece; the distance between the upper fixing ring used to fix the cylindrical part of the workpiece and the support ring is less than the length of the workpiece, and the inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the fixed part of the workpiece; the inner wall curved surface of the lower fixing ring used to fix the head of the workpiece is consistent with the upper curved surface of the forging; the support ring has a middle hole, and the diameter of the middle hole is smaller than the lower diameter of the workpiece;

[0007] All parts are steel plates or forgings with a carbon content of 0.18% to 0.23%;

[0008] The cross-sectional dimensions of each part of the lifting plate must meet the following requirements:

[0009]

[0010] Where: S1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​each part of the lifting plate 1, mm;

[0011] k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3;

[0012] m is the total mass of the workpiece and the sling, kg;

[0013] g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg;

[0014] σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 ;

[0015] The specifications and dimensions of each part of the support ring must meet the following requirements:

[0016]

[0017] L1≥B / 2

[0018] Where: k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3;

[0019] m is the total mass of the workpiece and the sling, kg;

[0020] g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg;

[0021] σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 ;

[0022] L is the distance between two lifting plates, mm;

[0023] B is the width of the support ring at both ends, mm,

[0024] H is the thickness of the support ring, mm,

[0025] L1 is the distance between the outer edge of the middle of the support ring and the edge of the inner hole, mm.

[0026] The method of lifting with a special hoist for heat treatment of shell-like forgings is as follows: first, the special hoist for heat treatment of shell-like forgings is placed horizontally, and the head of the workpiece is inserted into the hole in the support ring through the upper and lower fixed plates by a crane, and a pin is placed in the lifting hole of the lifting plate. The pin is connected to the hanging plate, and then the hanging plate is lifted by the crane to move the workpiece up and down and horizontally until it is put into the furnace for heat treatment together with the workpiece.

[0027] The special hanger for heat treatment of shell-like forgings of the present invention can enter the furnace together with the workpiece to withstand high temperature, realizes vertical heat treatment of the workpiece, reduces the material used for hoisting the workpiece, and reduces its deformation during the heat treatment process.

[0028] The special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings of the present invention can be used for heat treatment lifting of shell-like and cylindrical forgings of other different sizes by matching supporting rings and fixing rings of different specifications and sizes, and has wide application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1a , 1b The main and side views of the special hanger structure for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of the special hanger structure for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the special hanger structure for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings.

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the hoisting state of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Reference Figure 1a , 1b , Figure 2 , 3The lower ends of the two lifting plates 1 and the two fixing plates 2 of the special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings are evenly distributed and fixed around the support ring 4, and the upper ends of the two lifting plates 1 and the two fixing plates 2 are evenly distributed and fixed around the upper fixing ring 3. The outer circle of the lower fixing ring 7 is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the lifting plate 1 and the fixing plate 2 by welding; the lifting plate 1 has a lifting hole 5 on the upper part and a fixing hole 6 on the lower part, which is connected to the two ends of the support ring 4 through the fixing hole 6.

[0036] The distance between the upper lifting hole of the lifting plate 1 and the support ring is greater than the length of the workpiece, so as to facilitate the lifting of the lifting device. The upper fixing ring used to fix the cylindrical part of the workpiece is less than the length of the workpiece from the support ring, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the fixed part of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be loaded and avoid shaking during the lifting process; the inner hole diameter gradually increases from bottom to top, which is easy to load the workpiece. The inner wall curved surface of the lower fixing ring used to fix the head of the workpiece is consistent with the upper curved surface of the forging, and is used to fix the curved part of the head of the workpiece.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 The support ring has a middle hole 11, the diameter of the middle hole is smaller than the diameter of the lower part of the workpiece, so as to enhance the quenching cooling effect of the lower part of the workpiece.

[0038] Since the special hanger for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings needs to be put into the furnace for heat treatment together with the workpiece and withstand high temperature (maximum temperature is about 900℃), the lifting plate 1 and the support ring 4 are the main force-bearing parts, and the design uses the fixing hole 6 for connection; the other parts are non-force-bearing parts, and welding is used between the parts. At the same time, the following requirements must be met:

[0039] In order to ensure welding performance and a certain strength, all parts are steel plates or forgings with a carbon content of 0.18% to 0.23%.

[0040] The cross-sectional dimensions of each part of the lifting plate 1 must meet the following requirements:

[0041]

[0042] Where: S1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​each part of the lifting plate 1, mm;

[0043] k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3;

[0044] m is the total mass of the workpiece and the sling, kg;

[0045] g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg;

[0046] σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 .

[0047] The specifications and dimensions of each part of the support ring 4 must meet the following requirements:

[0048]

[0049] L1≥B / 2

[0050] Where: k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3;

[0051] m is the total mass of the workpiece and the sling, kg;

[0052] g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg;

[0053] σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 ;

[0054] L is the distance between two lifting plates, mm;

[0055] B is the width of the support ring at both ends, mm,

[0056] H is the thickness of the support ring, mm,

[0057] L1 is the distance between the outer edge of the middle of the support ring and the edge of the inner hole, mm.

[0058] Reference Figure 5 The method of lifting with a special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings is as follows: first, the special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings is placed horizontally, and the head of the workpiece 10 is inserted into the hole in the support ring 4 through the upper and lower fixed plates by the crane, and the pin 8 is placed in the lifting hole 5 of the lifting plate. The pin is connected to the hanging plate 9, and then the hanging plate 9 is lifted by the crane to move the workpiece up and down and horizontally until it is put into the furnace for heat treatment together with the workpiece.

[0059] The special hanger for heat treatment of shell-like forgings of the present invention can enter the furnace together with the workpiece to withstand high temperature, realizes vertical heat treatment of the workpiece, reduces the material used for hoisting the workpiece, and reduces its deformation during the heat treatment process.

[0060] The special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings of the present invention can be used for heat treatment lifting of shell-like forgings and cylindrical forgings of other different sizes by matching supporting rings and fixing rings of different specifications and sizes.

Claims

1. Special hanger for heat treatment of shell-like forgings, characterized by: The lower ends of the two lifting plates and the two fixing plates are evenly distributed and fixed around the support ring, and the lower ends of the two lifting plates and the two fixing plates are evenly distributed and fixed around the upper fixing ring in the manner of lifting plate-fixing plate-lifting plate-fixing plate. The upper ends of the two lifting plates and the two fixing plates are evenly distributed and fixed around the upper fixing ring in the manner of lifting plate-fixing plate-lifting plate-fixing plate; the outer circle of the lower fixing ring is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the lifting plate and the fixing plate by welding; the lifting plate has a lifting hole on the upper part and a fixing hole on the lower part, and is connected to the two ends of the support ring through the fixing holes; The distance between the lifting hole on the upper part of the lifting plate and the support ring is greater than the length of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging; the distance between the upper fixing ring used to fix the cylindrical part of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging and the support ring is less than the length of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging, and the inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the fixed part of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging; the inner wall curved surface of the lower fixing ring used to fix the head of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging is consistent with the upper curved surface of the forging; the support ring has a middle hole, and the diameter of the middle hole is smaller than the lower diameter of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging; All parts of the special hanger for heat treatment of shell-shaped forgings are steel plates with a carbon content of 0.18% to 0.23% or forgings with a carbon content of 0.18% to 0.23%; The cross-sectional dimensions of each part of the lifting plate must meet the following requirements: Where: S1 is the cross-sectional area of ​​each part of the lifting plate, mm; k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3; m is the total mass of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging and the hanger, kg; g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg; σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 ; The specifications and dimensions of each part of the support ring must meet the following requirements: L1≥B / 2 Where: k is the safety factor, ranging from 1.5 to 3; m is the total mass of the heat-treated shell-shaped forging and the hanger, kg; g is the acceleration due to gravity, N / Kg; σs is the yield strength of the material at 900°C, N / mm 2 ; L is the distance between two lifting plates, mm; B is the width of the support ring at both ends, mm, H is the thickness of the support ring, mm, L1 is the distance between the outer edge of the middle of the support ring and the edge of the inner hole, mm.

2. The special hanger for heat treatment of shell-like forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the upper fixing ring gradually increases from bottom to top.

3. The special hanger for heat treatment of shell-like forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting plate and the supporting ring constituting the special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like shape forgings are connected by fixing holes, and the other parts are connected by welding.

4. A method for lifting using the special lifting device for heat treatment of shell-like forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, place the special hoist for heat treatment of shell-like shape forgings horizontally, and use the crane to pass the head of the heat-treated shell-like shape forging through the upper and lower fixed plates and insert it into the hole in the support ring. Put the pin into the lifting hole of the lifting plate, and connect the pin with the hanging plate. Then lift the hanging plate with the crane to move the heat-treated shell-like shape forgings up and down and horizontally until it is put into the furnace for heat treatment together with the heat-treated shell-like shape forgings.

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