Charging Circuit of Electric Vehicle and AC Charging Equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses a charging circuit for an electric vehicle and an AC charging device, which are applied in the field of electronic technology and are used to improve the charging efficiency of the charging device and reduce the manufacturing cost of the charging device. The charging circuit for the electric vehicle provided by the present application includes an input end, a current limiter, an AC-DC conversion module, a first filter, a boosting module, a second filter, a controller and an output end. The current limiter is connected to the AC-DC conversion module. The first filter is respectively connected to the AC-DC conversion module and the boosting module. The first end of the second filter is connected to the boosting module, and the second end of the second filter forms the output end for connection with an external battery. The controller is connected to the AC-DC conversion module through the first set of PWM output pins, and the controller is connected to the boosting module through the second set of PWM output pins. The current limiter, the AC-DC conversion module, the first filter, the boosting module and the second filter are all integrated in the same device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and particularly to a charging circuit for an electric vehicle and an AC charging device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of electric vehicles at home and abroad, the charging demand for electric vehicles is also increasing. At present, the on-vehicle charging device and the charging system of electric vehicles are in a separated state, that is, the electric vehicle is equipped with an on-vehicle charger, and the charging device provides alternating current.

[0003] The problems brought by this existing design are that the on-vehicle charger is installed at the vehicle end and designed according to automotive standards. Problems such as vibration and EMC (Electro Magnetic Compatibility) will inevitably lead to high manufacturing costs. Secondly, the on-vehicle charger is not used during driving but runs with the vehicle during the driving process of the vehicle, adding extra mass to the vehicle.

[0004] Most of the charging device manufacturers and on-vehicle charging device manufacturers are different companies. Therefore, when designing the AC charging device, an AC filter is equipped at the AC input port, and a high-frequency transformer (Transformer) is provided in the on-vehicle charger. On the one hand, the charging efficiency is generally low, and on the other hand, the overall cost of the charging structure is high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a charging circuit for an electric vehicle and an AC charging device to solve the technical problems of low charging efficiency and high manufacturing cost of the existing charging device.

[0006] A charging circuit for an electric vehicle provided according to one aspect of the present invention includes an input terminal 11 and a current limiter, and further includes an AC-DC conversion module, a first filter, a boost module, a second filter, a controller, and an output terminal. The first end of the current limiter forms the connection between the input terminal 11 and an external AC power supply, the second end of the current limiter is connected to the AC-DC conversion module, the first filter is respectively connected to the AC-DC conversion module and the boost module, the first end of the second filter is connected to the boost module, and the second end of the second filter forms the connection between the output terminal and an external battery;

[0007] The controller includes a first group of PWM output pins and a second group of PWM output pins. The controller is connected to the AC-DC conversion module through the first group of PWM output pins, and the controller is connected to the boost module through the second group of PWM output pins;

[0008] The current limiter, the AC-DC conversion module, the first filter, the boost module, and the second filter are all integrated in the same device.

[0009] An AC charging device provided according to another aspect of the present invention, the AC charging device including the charging circuit of the electric vehicle described above.

[0010] The charging circuit of the electric vehicle and the AC charging device proposed in this application, by designing a current limiter, an AC-DC conversion module, a first filter, a boost module, a second filter and a controller integrated in the same device, and controlling the AC-DC conversion module through the PWM control signal issued by the first group of PWM output pins of the controller to convert alternating current into direct current, and controlling the boost module through the PWM control signal issued by the second group of PWM output pins of the controller to boost the direct current to reach the standard voltage for charging the vehicle battery, so that the electric vehicle can be charged only through the AC charging device. On the one hand, it reduces the weight of the in-vehicle charger assembled in the electric vehicle, and on the other hand, the design process of the entire charging circuit omits the high-frequency transformer, reducing the manufacturing cost of the vehicle charging device. Description of the Drawings

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 is the structural block diagram of the charging circuit of the electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the charging circuit of the electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0015] The implementation of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 is the structural block diagram of the charging circuit of the electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application. The charging circuit of the electric vehicle provided according to an embodiment of the present application is as Figure 1As shown, the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle includes an input terminal 11 and a current limiter 02, and also includes an AC-DC conversion module 03, a first filter 04, a boost module 05, a second filter 06, a controller 07 and an output terminal 12. The first end of the current limiter 02 forms the connection between the input terminal 11 and an external AC power supply 01. The second end of the current limiter 02 is connected to the AC-DC conversion module 03. The first filter 04 is respectively connected to the AC-DC conversion module 03 and the boost module 05. The first end of the second filter 06 is connected to the boost module 05. The second end of the second filter 06 forms the connection between the output terminal 12 and an external battery 08.

[0017] The controller 07 includes a first set of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output pins and a second set of PWM output pins. The controller 07 is connected to the AC-DC conversion module 03 through the first set of PWM output pins, and the controller 07 is connected to the boost module 05 through the second set of PWM output pins.

[0018] The current limiter 02, the AC-DC conversion module 03, the first filter 04, the boost module 05 and the second filter 06 are all integrated in the same device.

[0019] Further, the current limiter 02, the AC-DC conversion module 03, the first filter 04, the boost module 05 and the second filter 06 can all be integrated in an AC charging device.

[0020] Wherein, the controller 07 controls the AC-DC conversion module 03 to convert alternating current into direct current through the first set of PWM output pins, and controls the boost module 05 to boost the voltage through the second set of PWM output pins, so that the voltage output by the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle meets the standard voltage during charging of the external battery 08.

[0021] As Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 the MCU (Microcontroller Unit) in

[0022] According to an example of this embodiment, the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle further includes a plurality of sensors, each of the sensors is connected to the controller, and the sensors are respectively used to collect the input voltage value, input current value and the temperature of each component in the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle, and use the collected voltage, current and the temperature of each component as a Samp signal to feedback to the In1 pin of the controller 07. The controller 07 is further configured to:

[0023] Compare the feedback voltage value with a preset voltage threshold to determine whether the feedback voltage value is normal;

[0024] Compare the feedback current value with a preset current threshold to determine whether the feedback current value is normal;

[0025] Compare the temperature of each component feedback with a preset temperature threshold to determine whether the working state of the corresponding component is normal;

[0026] When at least one of the feedback voltage value, the feedback current value and the temperature of each component is abnormal, control the AC-DC conversion module 03 and the boost module 05 to cut off, so as to improve the safety of the charging circuit of the electric vehicle during charging.

[0027] The charging circuit of the electric vehicle provided in this embodiment designs a current limiter 02, an AC-DC conversion module 03, a first filter 04, a boost module 05, a second filter 06 and a controller 07 integrated in the same device, and controls the AC-DC conversion module 03 through the PWM control signal sent by the first group of PWM output pins of the controller 07 to convert alternating current into direct current, and controls the boost module 05 through the PWM control signal sent by the second group of PWM output pins of the controller 07 to boost the direct current to reach the standard voltage for charging the vehicle battery, so that the electric vehicle can be charged only through an AC charging device. On the one hand, it reduces the weight of the in-vehicle charger assembled in the electric vehicle, and on the other hand, the design process of the entire charging circuit omits the high-frequency transformer, reducing the manufacturing cost of the vehicle charging device.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the AC-DC conversion module 03 includes a first leg converter and a second leg converter. The current limiter 02 is respectively connected to the midpoint of the first leg converter and the midpoint of the second leg converter. The first leg converter and the second leg converter are connected in parallel to form a first bus bar end and a second bus bar end. The AC-DC conversion module 03 is connected to the first filter 04 through the first bus bar end and the second bus bar end.

[0029] Among them, the input terminal 11 includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively used to connect the two poles of the external AC power supply 01.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first input terminal and the second input terminal are used to connect the two poles of the external AC power supply AC. The first input terminal can be connected to the neutral wire, and the second input terminal can be connected to the live wire. Or the first input terminal can be connected to the live wire, and the second input terminal can be connected to the neutral wire.

[0031] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, the current limiter 02 includes a first inductor and a second inductor. The first end of the first inductor forms the first input terminal, the other end of the first inductor is connected to the midpoint of the first bridge arm converter, the first end of the second inductor forms the second connection terminal, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the midpoint of the second bridge arm converter.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first bridge arm converter includes a first transistor and a second transistor connected in series, the second bridge arm converter includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor connected in series, the first group of PWM output pins includes a first PWM output pin T1, a second PWM output pin T2, a third PWM output pin T3, and a fourth PWM output pin T4. The first PWM output pin T1 is connected to the base of the first transistor, the second PWM output pin T2 is connected to the base of the second transistor, the third PWM output pin T3 is connected to the base of the third transistor, and the fourth PWM output pin T4 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor.

[0033] Among them, the first PWM output pin T1, the second PWM output pin T2, the third PWM output pin T3, and the fourth PWM output pin T4 are used to output corresponding pulse width modulation signals to control the on-off state and conduction duration of the corresponding transistors, so as to convert alternating current into direct current.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, the first filter 04 includes a third inductor and a first capacitor. The first end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end of the third inductor and connected to the first busbar end. The second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the second busbar end and the boost module 05, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the boost module 05.

[0035] The first filter 04 is used as the front stage of the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle to filter the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion module 03.

[0036] Further, the boost module 05 includes a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor. The second set of PWM output pins includes a fifth PWM output pin T5 and a sixth PWM output pin T6. The fifth PWM output pin T5 is connected to the base of the fifth transistor, and the sixth PWM output pin T6 is connected to the base of the sixth transistor. The sources of the fifth transistor and the sixth transistor are commonly connected and connected to the second end of the third inductor. The drain of the fifth transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the second filter 06, and the drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the second filter 06.

[0037] The fifth PWM output pin T5 and the sixth PWM output pin T6 provided in this embodiment are used to output pulse width modulation signals, respectively controlling the on / off states and conduction durations of the fifth transistor and the sixth transistor to achieve current boost.

[0038] In this embodiment, the output terminal 12 includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal is used to connect to the positive pole of the external battery 08, and the negative output terminal is used to connect to the negative pole of the external battery 08.

[0039] Among them, the output terminal 12 is used to output voltage and current to the external battery 08 to charge the external battery 08.

[0040] In one embodiment, the second filter 06 includes a second capacitor and a fourth inductor. The first end of the fourth inductor is connected to the drain of the sixth transistor. The second end of the fourth inductor and the first end of the second capacitor are commonly connected to form the positive output terminal, and the second end of the second capacitor and the drain of the fifth transistor are commonly connected to form the negative connection terminal.

[0041] Among them, the second filter 06 is used to filter the DC voltage output by the boost module 05.

[0042] According to another embodiment of the present application, an AC charging device is provided. The AC charging device includes the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle as described above.

[0043] Among them, the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle included in the AC charging device has the same structure as that in the embodiment of the charging circuit 100 of the electric vehicle described above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] The charging circuit of the electric vehicle and the AC charging device provided in this embodiment, by designing a current limiter 02, an AC-DC conversion module 03, a first filter 04, a boost module 05, a second filter 06 and a controller 07 integrated in the same device, and controlling the AC-DC conversion module 03 through the PWM control signal sent by the first group of PWM output pins of the controller 07 to convert alternating current into direct current, and controlling the boost module 05 through the PWM control signal sent by the second group of PWM output pins of the controller 07 to boost the direct current to reach the standard voltage for charging the vehicle battery, so that the electric vehicle can be charged only through the AC charging device. On the one hand, it reduces the weight of the in-vehicle charger assembled in the electric vehicle. On the other hand, the high-frequency transformer is omitted in the design process of the entire charging circuit, reducing the manufacturing cost of the vehicle charging device.

[0045] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0046] The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A charging circuit for an electric vehicle, comprising an input end and a current limiter, characterized in that, It further includes an AC-DC conversion module, a first filter, a boost module, a second filter, a controller and an output terminal. The first end of the current limiter forms the input terminal to be connected to an external AC power supply. The second end of the current limiter is connected to the AC-DC conversion module. The first filter is respectively connected to the AC-DC conversion module and the boost module. The first end of the second filter is connected to the boost module. The second end of the second filter forms the output terminal to be connected to an external battery. The input terminal includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively used for connecting the two poles of the external AC power supply. The controller includes a first group of PWM output pins and a second group of PWM output pins. The controller is connected to the AC-DC conversion module through the first group of PWM output pins, and the controller is connected to the boost module through the second group of PWM output pins. The current limiter, the AC-DC conversion module, the first filter, the boost module and the second filter are all integrated in the same device. The AC-DC conversion module includes a first leg converter and a second leg converter. The current limiter is respectively connected to the midpoint of the first leg converter and the midpoint of the second leg converter. The first leg converter and the second leg converter are connected in parallel to form a first busbar end and a second busbar end. The AC-DC conversion module is connected to the first filter through the first busbar end and the second busbar end. The first filter includes a third inductor and a first capacitor. The first end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end of the third inductor and is connected to the first busbar end. The second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the second busbar end and the boost module. The second end of the third inductor is connected to the boost module. The boost module includes a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor. The second group of PWM output pins includes a fifth PWM output pin T5 and a sixth PWM output pin T6. The fifth PWM output pin T5 is connected to the base of the fifth transistor, and the sixth PWM output pin T6 is connected to the base of the sixth transistor. The source of the fifth transistor and the source of the sixth transistor are commonly connected and are connected to the second end of the third inductor. The drain of the fifth transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the second filter. The drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the second filter.

2. The charging circuit of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, The current limiter includes a first inductor and a second inductor. The first end of the first inductor forms the first input terminal. The other end of the first inductor is connected to the midpoint of the first leg converter. The first end of the second inductor forms a second connection terminal. The other end of the second inductor is connected to the midpoint of the second leg converter.

3. The charging circuit of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The first leg converter includes a first transistor and a second transistor connected in series. The second leg converter includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor connected in series. The first group of PWM output pins includes a first PWM output pin T1, a second PWM output pin T2, a third PWM output pin T3, and a fourth PWM output pin T4. The first PWM output pin T1 is connected to the base of the first transistor. The second PWM output pin T2 is connected to the base of the second transistor. The third PWM output pin T3 is connected to the base of the third transistor. The fourth PWM output pin T4 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor.

4. The charging circuit of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The output terminal includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal is used to connect to the positive electrode of the external battery. The negative output terminal is used to connect to the negative electrode of the external battery.

5. The charging circuit of the electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein, The second filter includes a second capacitor and a fourth inductor. The first end of the fourth inductor is connected to the drain of the sixth transistor. The second end of the fourth inductor and the first end of the second capacitor are commonly connected to form the positive output terminal. The second end of the second capacitor and the drain of the fifth transistor are commonly connected to form the negative connection terminal.

6. An AC charging device, characterized in that, The AC charging device includes a charging circuit for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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