Power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participation in primary frequency modulation

Abstract

The application relates to a power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participation in primary frequency modulation, which comprises the following steps: judging whether each load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in primary frequency modulation and the comfort degree of each load; obtaining the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation; performing power grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation to obtain the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation; and the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is predicted according to the frequency variation of the power grid and the comfort degree of each load, so that the obtained prediction result is more accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power grid dispatching control, and particularly relates to a power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participating in primary frequency modulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of related technologies such as ubiquitous Internet of Things, dynamic demand response resources develop rapidly, including industrial loads such as electrolytic aluminum and electric arc furnaces, commercial and residential loads such as air conditioners, cold storage, heating equipment, and the aggregation of energy storage, electric vehicles, distributed power sources with adjustable capacity, and related resources. Under the current environment of large-scale replacement of conventional power sources and increased system frequency safety risks, it is of great significance to introduce dynamic demand response resources into the power grid frequency modulation system. Such resources have great aggregation potential and flexible and controllable dynamic characteristics. Through a dispersed response mode, dynamic demand response resources can actively monitor power grid frequency changes and respond immediately or with a delay, enabling second-level response and playing a role similar to that of a generator set primary frequency modulation with lower economic cost. However, compared with the continuous adjustment mode on the power generation side, the demand side resources are generally in a discrete adjustment mode due to user comfort, equipment technology, and other reasons. Therefore, there is a great difference in the frequency modulation characteristics between dynamic demand response resources and conventional power generation side resources. When dynamic demand response resources are added to the existing frequency modulation system as a new type of frequency modulation resource, the influence of the aggregation characteristics of these loads cannot be ignored when estimating the dynamic frequency characteristics of the power grid after disturbance.

[0003] Therefore, the technical field needs a power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participating in primary frequency modulation to solve the problem that there is a lack of prediction of the frequency of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation in the prior art, SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participating in primary frequency modulation to predict the frequency of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid and the comfort level of each load, so that the prediction result obtained is more accurate, and the problem that there is a lack of prediction of the frequency of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation in the prior art is solved.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by using the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a power grid frequency prediction method for load participating in primary frequency modulation, which is improved in that the method comprises:

[0007] According to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load, it is determined whether each load participates in primary frequency modulation;

[0008] The total amount of power response of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is obtained.

[0009] simulate the power grid frequency response based on the total power response amount of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation to obtain the power grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency modulation.

[0010] Preferably, the step of judging whether each load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the loads participate in primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load comprises:

[0011] If |Δf|≥|Δf i | and I i ∈Z i , the i-th load participates in primary frequency modulation, otherwise the i-th load does not participate in primary frequency modulation.

[0012] wherein, Δf is the frequency variation of the power grid before the loads participate in primary frequency modulation, Δf i is the frequency threshold of the i-th load participating in primary frequency modulation, I i is the comfort level of the i-th load, Z i is the comfort level interval of the i-th load, i∈[1,N], and N is the total number of loads.

[0013] Further, when the load is an air conditioner, the comfort level thereof is the temperature value of the air conditioner; when the load is an electric vehicle, the comfort level thereof is the electric quantity of the electric vehicle; and when the load is a water heater, the comfort level thereof is the temperature value of the water heater.

[0014] Preferably, the step of obtaining the total power response amount of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation comprises:

[0015] determining the total power response amount ΔP of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation according to the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] wherein, ΔP m is the power response value of the m-th load participating in primary frequency modulation, m∈[1,M], and M is the total number of loads participating in primary frequency modulation.

[0018] Preferably, the step of simulating the power grid frequency response based on the total power response amount of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation to obtain the power grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency modulation comprises:

[0019] substituting the total power response amount of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation into a frequency response simulation model of the loads participating in primary frequency modulation and simulating the power grid frequency response to obtain the frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the loads participate in primary frequency modulation;

[0020] performing Laplace inverse transform on the frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the loads participate in primary frequency modulation to obtain the frequency variation of the power grid after the loads participate in primary frequency modulation.

[0021] determine the frequency of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation.

[0022] Further, a transfer function of the frequency response simulation model of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, Δω(s) is a frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation, DR(s) is the transfer function of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, Gen(s) is the transfer function of the generator participating in the primary frequency modulation, ΔP L (s) is a frequency domain value of the power shortage of the power grid, s is a Laplace operator, H is an inertia time constant, and D is a damping coefficient.

[0025] Further, the transfer function DR(s) of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, ΔP is the total power response of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, Δf N is a maximum frequency threshold of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, Δf d is a preset maximum value of the frequency variation of the power grid, k b is an adjustment parameter, s is a Laplace operator, ΔP max is a maximum value of the total power response of the load.

[0028] Further, the determination of the frequency of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation comprises:

[0029] The frequency f of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0030] f = Δf' + 50 Hz

[0031] In the formula, Δf' is the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides a power grid frequency prediction device for load participating in primary frequency modulation, and the improvement thereof lies in that the device comprises:

[0033] A judgment unit is configured to judge whether each load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load.

[0034] The acquisition unit is configured to acquire a total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation;

[0035] The prediction unit is configured to perform power grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, and acquire the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation.

[0036] Preferably, the judgment unit is specifically configured to:

[0037] If |Δf|≥|Δf i | and I i ∈Z i , the i th load participates in primary frequency modulation, otherwise the i th load does not participate in primary frequency modulation.

[0038] Wherein, Δf is the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in primary frequency modulation, Δf i is the frequency threshold of the i th load participating in primary frequency modulation, I i is the comfort level of the i th load, Z i is the comfort level interval of the i th load, i ∈ [1, N], and N is the total number of loads

[0039] Compared with the closest prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects of:

[0040] The present application provides a power grid frequency prediction method and device for load participating in primary frequency modulation, which judges whether each load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load; acquires the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation; performs power grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, and acquires the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation; the present application predicts the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid and the comfort level of each load, so that the prediction result obtained is more accurate, and the problem that the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is not predicted in the prior art is solved, thereby providing a method for improving the minimum point and stable point of the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the power grid frequency prediction method for load participating in primary frequency modulation of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the frequency response simulation model for load participating in primary frequency modulation in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 is the power response amount variation diagram for load participating in primary frequency modulation in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4is a structural schematic diagram of a frequency response simulation model in the prior art of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a power grid frequency prediction device for load participating in primary frequency modulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0048] The present application provides a power grid frequency prediction method for load participating in primary frequency modulation, as shown in the formula (1) below. Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps:

[0049] determining whether each load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load;

[0050] obtaining the total power response amount of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation;

[0051] performing power grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response amount of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation to obtain the power grid frequency after the load participates in the primary frequency modulation.

[0052] To make the objectives of the present application clearer, the above method of the present application will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present application, the above determining whether each load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load comprises:

[0054] If |Δf|≥|Δf i | and I i ∈Z i , the i-th load participates in the primary frequency modulation, otherwise the i-th load does not participate in the primary frequency modulation;

[0055] wherein, Δf is the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency modulation, Δf i is the frequency threshold of the i-th load participating in the primary frequency modulation, I i is the comfort level of the i-th load, and Z iThe comfort interval of the i-th load, i∈[1, N], N being the total number of loads.

[0056] Specifically, when the load is an air conditioner, the comfort thereof is a temperature value of the air conditioner; when the load is an electric vehicle, the comfort thereof is an electric quantity of the electric vehicle; and when the load is a water heater, the comfort thereof is a temperature value of the water heater.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is obtained, comprising:

[0058] The total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, ΔP m The power response value of the m-th load participating in primary frequency modulation, m∈[1, M], M being the total number of loads participating in primary frequency modulation.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the power grid frequency response simulation is performed based on the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, to obtain the power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation, comprising:

[0062] The total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is substituted into a frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, and the power grid frequency response simulation is performed, to obtain a frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation;

[0063] The frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is inverse Laplace transformed, to obtain the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation.

[0064] The power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation.

[0065] Specifically, the transfer function of the frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency modulation as shown in Figure 2 is determined according to the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, Δω(s) is the frequency domain value of the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation, DR(s) is the transfer function of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Gen(s) is the transfer function of the generator participating in primary frequency modulation, ΔP L (s) is the frequency domain value of the power shortage amount of the power grid, s is the Laplace operator, H is the inertia time constant, and D is the damping coefficient.

[0068] Gen(s) is related to the generator set type. Taking a reheat turbine unit as an example, its expression is:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, R is the difference coefficient of the equivalent system, and F H T represents the high-voltage reheat coefficient of the equivalent generator. R Here, K is the reheat coefficient, and K is a constant.

[0071] Since the total power response ΔP of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation is a discrete value with discontinuous derivatives, there is no corresponding Laplace transform formula. Secondly, the loads participating in primary frequency regulation have different frequency thresholds, and the total power response has a maximum value. Therefore, the transfer function DR(s) of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation can be divided into two stages, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the first stage indicates that as the frequency change of the power grid reaches different frequency thresholds, demand response resources (loads) are successively put into action according to the pre-set thresholds, and the response quantity changes discretely with different frequency thresholds; in the second stage, after the frequency threshold reaches its maximum value, all demand response resources participate in primary frequency regulation, and the response quantity reaches its maximum value and no longer changes.

[0072] The transfer function DR(s) is tuned as follows: The first stage is a linear strategy, and the key is tuning. Figure 3 The slope k of the dashed line, once determined, has the corresponding Laplace transform as follows: The second stage is the constant term ΔP. max Its corresponding Laplace transform can be directly determined as

[0073] The slope k is determined as follows:

[0074] Based on such Figure 4 Based on the frequency response model shown and the known power deficit in the power grid, the maximum frequency change Δf of the power grid is obtained after performing power grid frequency simulation. d ;

[0075] The slope k can be approximated by the maximum power response of the load participating in primary frequency regulation and Δf. d The standardized ratio, considering the load regulation characteristics, is actually distributed based on threshold values. Therefore, the aforementioned representation needs to be modified, and the slope k is determined by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Specifically, the transfer function DR(s) for the load participating in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] wherein ΔP is the total power response of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Δf N is the maximum frequency threshold of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Δf d is the preset maximum frequency variation of the power grid, k b is an adjustment parameter, s is a Laplace operator, ΔP max is the maximum total power response of the load.

[0080] Specifically, the above determining the power grid frequency after the load participating in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participating in primary frequency modulation comprises:

[0081] determining the power grid frequency f after the load participating in primary frequency modulation according to the following formula:

[0082] f = Δf' + 50 Hz

[0083] wherein Δf' is the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participating in primary frequency modulation.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a power grid frequency prediction device for load participating in primary frequency modulation, as shown in Figure 5 The device comprises:

[0085] a judging unit for judging whether each load participates in primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participating in primary frequency modulation and the comfort level of each load;

[0086] an obtaining unit for obtaining the total power response of the load participating in primary frequency modulation;

[0087] a prediction unit for performing power grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, and obtaining the power grid frequency after the load participating in primary frequency modulation.

[0088] Preferably, the judging unit is specifically used for:

[0089] if |Δf|≥|Δf i | and I i ∈Z i , the i-th load participates in primary frequency modulation, otherwise the i-th load does not participate in primary frequency modulation;

[0090] wherein Δf is the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Δf i is the frequency threshold of the i-th load participating in primary frequency modulation, I i is the comfort level of the i-th load, Z i is the comfort level interval of the i-th load, i ∈ [1, N], and N is the total number of loads.

[0091] Further, when the load is an air conditioner, the comfort level is a temperature value of the air conditioner; when the load is an electric vehicle, the comfort level is an electric quantity of the electric vehicle; and when the load is a water heater, the comfort level is a temperature value of the water heater.

[0092] Preferably, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to:

[0093] The total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, ΔP m is the power response value of the mth load participating in primary frequency modulation, m ∈ [1, M], and M is the total number of loads participating in primary frequency modulation.

[0096] Preferably, the predicting unit is specifically configured to:

[0097] The total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is substituted into a frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, and power grid frequency response simulation is performed to obtain a frequency domain value of a frequency variation amount of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation;

[0098] The frequency domain value of the frequency variation amount of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is Laplace inverse transformed to obtain the frequency variation amount of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation.

[0099] The power grid frequency after the load participates in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the frequency variation amount of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation.

[0100] Further, a transfer function of the frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, Δω(s) is the frequency domain value of the frequency variation amount of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency modulation, DR(s) is the transfer function of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Gen(s) is the transfer function of the generator participating in primary frequency modulation, ΔP L (s) is the frequency domain value of the power shortage amount of the power grid, s is a Laplace operator, H is an inertia time constant, and D is a damping coefficient.

[0103] Further, the transfer function DR(s) of the load participating in primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, ΔP is the total power response amount of the load participating in primary frequency modulation, Δf Nis the maximum frequency threshold of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, is the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, is the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation d is the preset maximum frequency variation of the power grid b is the adjustment parameter, s is the Laplace operator, is the power response total of the load max is the maximum power response total of the load.

[0106] Further, the load grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is determined according to the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, and the method comprises the steps that:

[0107] The load grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is determined according to the following formula:

[0108] f = Δf' + 50 Hz

[0109] In the formula, Δf' is the frequency variation of the power grid after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation.

[0110] In summary, the power grid frequency prediction method and device for the load participating in the primary frequency modulation provided by the application determine whether each load participates in the primary frequency modulation according to the frequency variation of the power grid before the load participating in the primary frequency modulation and the comfort degree of each load; the power response total of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is obtained; the power grid frequency response simulation is carried out based on the power response total of the load participating in the primary frequency modulation, and the power grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is obtained; the power grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is predicted according to the frequency variation of the power grid and the comfort degree of each load, so that the obtained prediction result is more accurate, and the problem that the power grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is not predicted in the prior art is solved, and a method for improving the degree of the lowest point and the stable point of the power grid frequency after the load participating in the primary frequency modulation is provided.

[0111] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the application can adopt a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the application can adopt a computer program product in the form of one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program codes.

[0112] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks

[0113] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks

[0114] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit the technical solutions of the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and any modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting power grid frequency when loads participate in primary frequency regulation, characterized in that, The method includes: Whether a load should participate in primary frequency regulation is determined based on the frequency change of the power grid before the load participates in primary frequency regulation and the comfort level of each load. Obtain the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation; The power grid frequency response is simulated based on the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation to obtain the power grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation. The step of performing grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation to obtain the grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation includes: Substitute the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation into the frequency response simulation model of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation and perform grid frequency response simulation to obtain the frequency domain value of the grid frequency change after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation. Perform an inverse Laplace transform on the frequency domain value of the power grid frequency change after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation to obtain the power grid frequency change after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation. The frequency of the power grid after the load participates in the first frequency regulation is determined based on the frequency change of the power grid after the load participates in the first frequency regulation. The transfer function of the frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, Δω(s) is the frequency domain value of the power grid frequency change after the load participates in primary frequency regulation, DR(s) is the transfer function of the load participating in primary frequency regulation, Gen(s) is the transfer function of the generator unit participating in primary frequency regulation, and ΔP L (s) represents the frequency domain value of the power deficit in the power grid, s is the Laplace operator, H is the inertial time constant, and D is the damping coefficient.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining whether each load should participate in primary frequency regulation based on the frequency change of the power grid before the load participates and the comfort level of each load includes: If |Δf|≥|Δf i |And I i ∈Z i If the i-th load participates in one frequency regulation cycle, then the i-th load participates in one frequency regulation cycle; otherwise, the i-th load does not participate in one frequency regulation cycle. Where Δf is the frequency change of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency regulation, Δf i I is the frequency threshold for the i-th load to participate in primary frequency regulation. i For the comfort level of the i-th load, Z i Let i be the comfort range for the i-th load, i∈[1,N], and N be the total number of loads.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the load is an air conditioner, the comfort level is the air conditioner's temperature value; when the load is an electric vehicle, the comfort level is the electric vehicle's battery level; when the load is a water heater, the comfort level is the water heater's temperature value.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation includes: The total power response ΔP of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, ΔP m Let m be the power response value of the m-th load participating in the primary frequency regulation, where m∈[1,M] and M is the total number of loads participating in the primary frequency regulation.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer function DR(s) for the load participating in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, ΔP is the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation, and Δf N Δf is the maximum frequency threshold for load participation in primary frequency regulation, and Δf is the frequency change of the power grid before load participation in primary frequency regulation. d k is the preset maximum value of the power grid frequency change. b To adjust the parameters, s is the Laplace operator. ΔP max This represents the maximum total power response of the load.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the grid frequency after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation based on the grid frequency change after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation includes: The grid frequency f after the load participates in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula: f = Δf′ + 50Hz In the formula, Δf′ represents the frequency change of the power grid after the load participates in primary frequency regulation.

7. A power grid frequency prediction device for load participation in primary frequency regulation, characterized in that, The device includes: The judgment unit is used to determine whether each load should participate in the primary frequency regulation based on the frequency change of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency regulation and the comfort level of each load. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation; The prediction unit is used to simulate the grid frequency response based on the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation, and to obtain the grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation. The step of performing grid frequency response simulation based on the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation to obtain the grid frequency after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation includes: Substitute the total power response of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation into the frequency response simulation model of the loads participating in primary frequency regulation and perform grid frequency response simulation to obtain the frequency domain value of the grid frequency change after the loads participate in primary frequency regulation. Perform an inverse Laplace transform on the frequency domain value of the power grid frequency change after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation to obtain the power grid frequency change after the load participates in the primary frequency regulation. The frequency of the power grid after the load participates in the first frequency regulation is determined based on the frequency change of the power grid after the load participates in the first frequency regulation. The transfer function of the frequency response simulation model of the load participating in primary frequency regulation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, Δω(s) is the frequency domain value of the power grid frequency change after the load participates in primary frequency regulation, DR(s) is the transfer function of the load participating in primary frequency regulation, Gen(s) is the transfer function of the generator unit participating in primary frequency regulation, and ΔP L (s) represents the frequency domain value of the power deficit in the power grid, s is the Laplace operator, H is the inertial time constant, and D is the damping coefficient.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The judgment unit is specifically used for: If |Δf|≥|Δf i |And I i ∈Z i If the i-th load participates in one frequency regulation cycle, then the i-th load participates in one frequency regulation cycle; otherwise, the i-th load does not participate in one frequency regulation cycle. Where Δf is the frequency change of the power grid before the load participates in the primary frequency regulation, Δf i I is the frequency threshold for the i-th load to participate in primary frequency regulation. i For the comfort level of the i-th load, Z i Let i be the comfort range for the i-th load, i∈[1,N], and N be the total number of loads.

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