Multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector, which comprises: a sliding connector including a docking groove and a center terminal; a flexible connector including a center inner conductor, an insulator and a cylindrical outer conductor. The center inner conductor is a one-piece tubular structure, and a plurality of first hollow holes are formed in the middle of the center inner conductor. A spring structure is formed between the first hollow holes. The center inner conductor can expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction through the spring structure. A plurality of second hollow holes are formed in the middle of the cylindrical outer conductor, and a multi-layer elastic structure is formed between the second hollow holes. The cylindrical outer conductor can expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction through the multi-layer elastic structure. When the flexible connector is inserted into the docking groove of the sliding connector, both the center inner conductor and the cylindrical outer conductor in the flexible connector can expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction, so that the flexible connector and the sliding connector form a connection with large tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connector products, and particularly refers to a multi-directional coaxial connector with a large tolerance. Background Art:

[0002] The main supporting fields of connectors include transportation, communication, network, IT, medical, household appliances, etc. The rapid development of the technical level of products in the supporting fields and the rapid growth of their markets strongly drive the development of connector technology. So far, connectors have developed into a series of serialized and specialized products with complete product categories, rich variety specifications, diverse structural forms, refined professional directions, obvious industry characteristics, and standardized standard systems.

[0003] As a type of connector, coaxial connectors can be used for the interconnection between circuit boards, between RF modules, and between circuit boards and RF modules. In the electronic communication industry, due to market considerations, miniaturization and low cost are particularly important, which promotes the increasing modularization of electronic communication products. Coaxial connectors provide an ideal solution for modular dense installation applications and can be used in 5G large-scale matrix antennas, enabling miniaturized and high-density rapid assembly.

[0004] See Figure 1 As shown, the existing board-to-board coaxial connector generally includes a coaxial connector male head 300 and a coaxial connector female head 400. Among them, the coaxial connector male head 300 is installed on the first circuit board 500, and the coaxial connector female head 400 is installed on the second circuit board 600. When in use, the coaxial connector male head 300 and the coaxial connector female head 400 are conducted through a plug adapter 700, so that the first circuit board 500 and the second circuit board 600 are electrically connected to achieve the purpose of board-to-board communication. When the coaxial connector male head 300 is docked with the plug adapter 700, there are two contact points. In addition, when the coaxial connector female head 400 is docked with the plug adapter 700, there are also two contact points, that is, there are a total of four contact points, which makes the structural connection unreliable and may also cause signal attenuation in the contact area, affecting the communication quality. However, for the board-to-board coaxial connector with the above structure to achieve board-to-board communication, it has many parts, is a three-piece structure, has a high cost, a complex structure, and is also relatively complex to install, with low installation efficiency. When a large-scale array antenna uses a multi-head board-to-board coaxial connector for connection, it is difficult to insert and align the above-mentioned coaxial connector male head and coaxial connector female head, and it is difficult to ensure that all coaxial connector male heads and coaxial connector female heads form stable electrical conduction, and the overall structural component cost is high and the process cost is high, which is not conducive to improving market competitiveness.

[0005] In view of this, the inventor of the present invention proposes the following technical solutions. Summary of the Invention:

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-directional coaxial connector with a large tolerance.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The multi-directional coaxial connector with a large tolerance includes: a sliding connector, which includes a docking groove and a central terminal placed in the docking groove; a flexible connector, which includes a central inner conductor, an insulator sleeved around the central inner conductor, and a cylindrical outer conductor arranged on the periphery of the insulator and coaxially arranged with the central inner conductor. Wherein, the central inner conductor is a one-piece tubular structure, a plurality of first hollow holes penetrating through its inner cavity are opened from the outside to the inside in the middle of the central inner conductor, and a spring structure is formed between the first hollow holes. The central inner conductor can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the spring structure; a plurality of second hollow holes penetrating through its inner cavity are opened from the outer side to the inside in the middle of the cylindrical outer conductor, and a multi-layer elastic structure is formed between the second hollow holes. The cylindrical outer conductor can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the multi-layer elastic structure; when the flexible connector is inserted into the docking groove of the sliding connector, the central inner conductor and the cylindrical outer conductor in the flexible connector can both be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction, so that the flexible connector and the sliding connector form a connection with a large tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the central inner conductor is docked with the central terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an outer shielding shell for increasing the structural strength and playing a shielding role is also sleeved around the cylindrical outer conductor, and the outer shielding shell covers the second hollow holes of the cylindrical outer conductor.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer shielding shell is cylindrical, an inner flange is formed by the upper end opening of the outer shielding shell extending inwards, and the inner flange abuts against the neck of the cylindrical outer conductor and is fixed by a buckle formed on the neck of the cylindrical outer conductor.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the first hollow holes are elliptical, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the spring structure be a continuous ellipse, or a continuous S shape, or a continuous fish-scale shape, or a continuous diamond shape, or a continuous wave shape, or a continuous crescent shape; the second hollow holes are elliptical, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the multi-layer elastic structure be a continuous ellipse, or a continuous S shape, or a continuous fish-scale shape, or a continuous diamond shape, or a continuous wave shape, or a continuous crescent shape.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a plurality of grooves are formed at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor to form a plurality of outer elastic connection claws. An outwardly protruding convex portion is further bent at the outer periphery of the upper end of the outer elastic connection claw, and a gap is formed between the outer elastic connection claw and the upper end of the insulator.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the insulator includes an upper insulator and a lower insulator respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the cylindrical outer conductor. The gap formed between the upper insulator and the lower insulator corresponds to the spring structure and the multi-layer elastic structure.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central inner conductor is formed with outwardly protruding claws, which are clamped and positioned with the inner wall of the lower insulator. A first positioning groove is formed at the outer periphery of the upper end of the lower insulator, and a hanging platform is formed on the cylindrical outer conductor, and the hanging platform is riveted to the first positioning groove to fix the lower insulator between the central inner conductor and the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor; a first bending portion is formed at the upper end of the central inner conductor, and a second bending portion is formed at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor. A second positioning groove and a third positioning groove are respectively formed on the inner wall and the outer side of the upper insulator. The first bending portion and the second bending portion are respectively clamped into the second positioning groove and the third positioning groove to fix the upper insulator between the central inner conductor and the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central inner conductor includes a hollow tube body, a pin portion integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a plurality of inner elastic connection claws integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body. A connection space is formed between the inner elastic connection claws, and a plurality of the first hollow holes penetrating the inner cavity are formed inwards along the outer side surface of the tube body; correspondingly, the central terminal is needle-shaped and is inserted into the connection space of the central inner conductor and is clamped and conducted by the inner elastic connection claws.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central inner conductor includes a hollow tube body, a pin portion integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a connection column integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body. A plurality of the first hollow holes penetrating the inner cavity are formed inwards along the outer side surface of the tube body; correspondingly, the central terminal has an elastic clamping arm, and the elastic clamping arm clamps the connection column and conducts electricity.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central inner conductor is formed by stamping a metal plate and then rounding it. A first dovetail groove and a first dovetail protrusion are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the metal sheet, and the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail protrusion are fixedly connected in a snap-fit manner; the pin part is a first jack pin formed by extending downward along the lower end of the tube body; or, the pin part is a first SMT pin formed by bending 90° outward along the lower end of the tube body; the cylindrical outer conductor is formed by stamping a metal plate and then rounding it. A second dovetail groove and a second dovetail protrusion are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the metal sheet, and the second dovetail groove and the second dovetail protrusion are fixedly connected in a snap-fit manner; a second jack pin is formed by extending downward along the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor; or, a second SMT pin is formed by bending 90° outward along the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor.

[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. When there is an installation error in the distance between two PCB boards, or when there is an installation error between the sliding connector and the flexible connector, the central inner conductor and the cylindrical outer conductor in the flexible connector can expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction. The flexible connector and the sliding connector form a connection with large tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and form a stable contact, having good communication quality. That is to say, the present invention is a two-piece structure. Compared with the coaxial connector in the prior art, it has fewer parts, a simpler structure, lower cost, simple installation and greatly improved installation efficiency. Even when a large-scale array antenna is connected by using a multi-head coaxial connector, since the central inner conductor and the cylindrical outer conductor in the flexible connector can both expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction, that is, it has a certain tolerance ability in the X-axis - Y-axis - Z-axis direction and the inclined direction, the two PCB boards can be quickly installed and form a reliable electrical connection, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation of the large-scale array antenna, improving the installation efficiency. Moreover, when the flexible connector is docked with the sliding connector, there are only two contact points. Compared with the two contact points of the coaxial connector in the prior art, the number of contact points is reduced, the connection reliability is increased, the signal attenuation in the contact area is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured, making the present invention have extremely strong market competitiveness.

[0019] 2. The central inner conductor in the present invention is provided with a plurality of first hollow holes penetrating the inner cavity in the middle to form a spring structure. This spring structure replaces the spring in the conventional elastic thimble, enabling the central inner conductor to have the ability of axial compression and rebound. That is, the central inner conductor is a one-piece structure with only one part. Compared with the conventional elastic thimble, the central inner conductor has fewer parts, a simple structure, low cost, simple manufacturing process, and high assembly efficiency, which is beneficial to improving market competitiveness.

[0020] 3. The central inner conductor in the present invention is integrally formed, i.e., a one-piece structure. As a result, regardless of whether the upper end of the central inner conductor is in a compressed state or an environmental vibration state, the central inner conductor has a vertical forward force, which can achieve good contact, ensure the quality of electrical conduction, and there will be no phenomenon of pin burning or connection failure. Moreover, since the central inner conductor is a one-piece structure, no matter which part the central inner conductor is axially compressed to, the signal is directly transmitted through the surface of the central inner conductor, and the current and signal are conducted through the shortest distance, and it will not generate an antenna effect, thus ensuring high reliability of transmission and making the present invention highly competitive in the market. Description of the Drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a coaxial connector in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the flexible connector in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the third structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fourth structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is the first usage state diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 is the second usage state diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the fifth structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is the third usage state diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 is the fourth usage state diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments:

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.

[0033] See Figure 2-11As shown in the figure, it is a multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector, which includes: a sliding connector 100 and a flexible connector 200 adapted to the sliding connector 100. During use, the sliding connector 100 is welded and fixed to the first PCB board 800, and the flexible connector 200 is welded and fixed to the second PCB board 900 or a filter. During use, the sliding connector 100 is docked with the sliding connector 100 to dock the first PCB board 800 with the second PCB board 900 or the filter, and form electrical conduction.

[0034] The sliding connector 100 includes a docking groove 101 and a center terminal 102 disposed in the docking groove 101; the flexible connector 200 includes a center inner conductor 2, an insulator 3 sleeved around the center inner conductor 2, and a cylindrical outer conductor 4 disposed around the insulator and coaxially arranged with the center inner conductor 2. Among them, the center inner conductor 2 is a one-piece tubular structure. A plurality of first hollow holes 21 penetrating its inner cavity are formed from the outside to the inside in the middle of the center inner conductor 2, and a spring structure 22 is formed between the first hollow holes 21. The center inner conductor 2 can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the spring structure 22; a plurality of second hollow holes 41 penetrating its inner cavity are formed from the outer side surface to the inside in the middle of the cylindrical outer conductor 4, and a multi-layer elastic structure 42 is formed between the second hollow holes 41. The cylindrical outer conductor 4 can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the multi-layer elastic structure 42; when the flexible connector 200 is inserted into the docking groove 101 of the sliding connector 100, the center inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction, so that the flexible connector 200 and the sliding connector 100 form a connection with a large tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the center inner conductor 2 is docked with the center terminal 102. In the present invention, a plurality of first hollow holes 21 penetrating the inner cavity are formed in the middle of the center inner conductor 2 to form a spring structure 22. The spring structure 22 replaces the spring in the conventional elastic thimble, so that the center inner conductor has the ability of axial compression and rebound. That is, the center inner conductor is a one-piece structure, only one part. Compared with the conventional elastic thimble, the center inner conductor has fewer parts, a simple structure, low cost, simple manufacturing process, and high assembly efficiency, which is beneficial to improving market competitiveness. In addition, the center inner conductor in the present invention is integrally formed, that is, a one-piece structure. Therefore, no matter whether the upper end of the center inner conductor 2 is in a compressed state or an environmental vibration state, the center inner conductor 2 has a vertical positive force, so that good contact can be achieved, the quality of electrical conduction can be guaranteed, and the phenomena of pin burning and connection failure will not occur; and because the center inner conductor 2 is a one-piece structure, no matter which part the center inner conductor is axially compressed to, the signal is directly transmitted through the surface of the center inner conductor, and the current and signal are conducted through the shortest distance, and it will not generate an antenna effect, thus ensuring high reliability of transmission, making the present invention have extremely strong market competitiveness.In addition, when there is an installation error in the distance between two PCB boards, or when there is an installation error between the sliding connector 100 and the flexible connector 200, the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can expand and contract in the axial direction and yaw in the radial direction. The flexible connector 200 and the sliding connector 100 form a connection with a large tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and form a stable contact, having good communication quality. That is to say, the present invention has a two-piece structure. Compared with the coaxial connectors in the prior art, it has fewer parts, a simpler structure, lower costs, is easy to install, and the installation efficiency is greatly improved. Even when a large-scale array antenna is connected using multi-head coaxial connectors, since the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can both expand and contract in the axial direction and yaw in the radial direction, that is, it has a certain tolerance ability in the X-axis - Y-axis - Z-axis direction and the tilt direction, the two PCB boards can be quickly installed and form a reliable electrical connection, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation of the large-scale array antenna, improving the installation efficiency. Moreover, when the flexible connector 200 is docked with the sliding connector 100, there are only two contact points. Compared with the two contact points of the coaxial connectors in the prior art, the number of contact points is reduced, the connection reliability is increased, the signal attenuation in the contact area is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured, making the present invention highly competitive in the market.

[0035] An outer shielding shell 5 for increasing the structural strength and playing a shielding role is also sleeved outside the cylindrical outer conductor 4. The outer shielding shell 5 covers the second hollow hole 41 of the cylindrical outer conductor 4, forming a radially sealed shielding space inside the cylindrical outer conductor 4, thereby achieving full radial shielding inside and preventing RF leakage to ensure communication quality. There is a certain gap between the outer shielding shell 5 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4. When the flexible connector 200 is connected with a tolerance in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, the cylindrical outer conductor 4 can freely yaw and compress inside the outer shielding shell 5. At the same time, the outer shielding shell 5 plays the role of shielding the inner conductor, avoiding RF leakage, and has the role of supporting the entire cylindrical outer conductor 4, making the cylindrical outer conductor 4 have corresponding strength.

[0036] The outer shielding shell 5 is cylindrical. An inner flange 51 extends inward from the upper end opening of the outer shielding shell 5. The inner flange 51 abuts against the neck at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 and is fixed by a buckle formed on the neck at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4, thereby ensuring that the outer shielding shell 5 is fastened to the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4.

[0037] The first hollow hole 21 is oval, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the spring structure 22 be a continuous oval, or a continuous S-shape, or a continuous fish-scale shape, or a continuous diamond shape, or a continuous wave shape, or a continuous crescent shape. Of course, the first hollow hole 21 can also be other shapes, as long as it can enable the spring structure 22 to achieve axial compression deformation and can be reset, and similar structures are within the protection scope of this patent.

[0038] The second hollow hole 41 is oval, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the multi-layer elastic structure 42 be a continuous oval, or a continuous S-shape, or a continuous fish-scale shape, or a continuous diamond shape, or a continuous wave shape, or a continuous crescent shape. Of course, the second hollow hole 41 can also be other shapes, as long as it can enable the multi-layer elastic structure 42 to achieve axial compression deformation and can be reset, and similar structures are within the protection scope of this patent.

[0039] A plurality of grooves are formed at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 to form a plurality of outer elastic connection claws 43. An outwardly protruding convex portion 431 is further bent at the outer periphery of the upper end of the outer elastic connection claw 43. And a gap is formed between the outer elastic connection claw 43 and the upper end of the insulator 3, so that the outer elastic connection claw 43 can perform elastic movement in the radial direction, that is, the outer elastic connection claw 43 has enough space to move inward to achieve compression, and can generate enough elastic restoring force. After the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 is inserted into the docking groove 101 of the sliding connector 100, the outer elastic connection claw 43 is elastically clamped in the docking groove 101 and forms a stable connection. In addition, the lower end opening of the docking groove 101 is arranged in a flared shape, which is convenient for the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 to be inserted and is more convenient to use.

[0040] The insulator 3 includes an upper insulator 31 and a lower insulator 32 respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the cylindrical outer conductor 4. The gap formed between the upper insulator 31 and the lower insulator 32 corresponds to the spring structure 22 and the multi-layer elastic structure 42, so that the upper insulator 31 and the lower insulator 32 do not affect the elastic deformation ability of the spring structure 22 and the multi-layer elastic structure 42, ensuring that the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can expand and contract in the axial direction and swing in the radial direction.

[0041] The central inner conductor 2 is formed with outwardly protruding claws 23, which are clamped and positioned with the inner wall of the lower insulator 32. The upper periphery of the lower insulator 32 is formed with a first positioning groove 321, and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 is formed with a hanging platform 44, which is riveted on the first positioning groove 321, so that the lower insulator 32 is fixed between the central inner conductor 2 and the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4; the upper end of the central inner conductor 2 is formed with a first bending portion 24, the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 is formed with a second bending portion 45, the inner wall and the outer side of the upper insulator 31 are respectively formed with a second positioning groove 311 and a third positioning groove 312, and the first bending portion 24 and the second bending portion 45 are respectively clamped into the second positioning groove 311 and the third positioning groove 312, so that the upper insulator 31 is fixed between the central inner conductor 2 and the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4.

[0042] The central inner conductor 2 is formed by stamping a metal plate and then wrapping it into a circle. The head end and the tail end of the metal sheet are respectively provided with a first dovetail groove and a first dovetail protrusion, and the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail protrusion are clamped and fixedly connected. Specifically, when the central inner conductor is manufactured, the metal sheet is unfolded, and the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail protrusion are respectively stamped and formed on both sides of the upper half and the lower half. The middle part of the metal sheet is formed with a plurality of first hollow holes 21, and finally the metal sheet is wrapped into a circle to form a cylindrical tubular structure, and the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail protrusion are clamped and fixedly connected to form a one-piece central inner conductor 2.

[0043] The pin portion 26 is a first jack pin formed by extending downward along the lower end of the tube body, as shown in Figure 4 ; or, the pin portion 26 is a first SMT pin formed by bending 90° outward along the lower end of the tube body, as shown in Figure 2-3 ; or, the lower end of the tube body extends downward to form a pin, and the pin is bent 90° outward to form a third SMT pin 29, as shown in Figure 5 . Correspondingly, the cylindrical outer conductor 4 is formed by stamping a metal plate and then wrapping it into a circle. The head end and the tail end of the metal sheet are respectively provided with a second dovetail groove and a second dovetail protrusion, and the second dovetail groove and the second dovetail protrusion are clamped and fixedly connected; the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 extends downward to form a second jack pin 46, as shown in Figure 4 ; or, the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor 4 is bent 90° outward to form a second SMT pin 47, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0044] The central inner conductor 2 has at least the following two structures:

[0045] The first structure: as shown in Figure 2-5As shown, the central inner conductor 2 includes a hollow tube body 25, a pin portion 26 integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a plurality of inner elastic connection claws 27 integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body 25. A connection space is formed between the inner elastic connection claws 27. The tube body 25 is provided with a plurality of first hollow holes 21 penetrating the inner cavity along its outer side surface; correspondingly, the central terminal 102 is needle-shaped and is inserted into the connection space of the central inner conductor 2 and is clamped and conducted by the inner elastic connection claws 27 to ensure the stability of conduction.

[0046] The second structure: combined Figure 6 As shown, the central inner conductor 2 includes a hollow tube body 25, a pin portion 26 integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a connection column 28 integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body 25. The tube body 25 is provided with a plurality of first hollow holes 21 penetrating the inner cavity along its outer side surface; correspondingly, the central terminal 102 has an elastic clamping arm 103, and the elastic clamping arm 103 clamps the connection column 28 and conducts electricity to ensure the stability of conduction.

[0047] Ensure that the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can expand and contract in the axial direction and swing in the radial direction.

[0048] The multi-directional large tolerance implementation method of the present invention: combined Figure 7-8 As shown, elastic body combinations with hollow and laminated structures are provided in the middle parts of the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector, namely the spring structure 22 and the multi-layer elastic structure 42. Through an integrated design, the lower welding part and the upper elastic connection part are effectively combined, realizing the multi-directional large tolerance performance of a single body, that is, both the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 can expand and contract in the axial direction and swing in the radial direction. When there are radial tolerances in the X and Y directions, the flexible connector only needs to twist a corresponding angle at the parts of the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4, and the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 act as hinges (such as X and Y shown in Figure 7-8 ); when there is an axial tolerance in the Z direction, one method is that the sliding connector paired with the upper part is designed with a smooth contact part at one end, and the axial tolerance is realized through axial sliding. In addition, when a larger tolerance needs to be realized, by compressing the flexible connector downward, the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 are axially compressed at the same time. As shown in Figures A and B below, the states of the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 after compression are A' and B'. At the same time, the outer shielding shell is also pressed downward synchronously, increasing the overlapping part C to C' covering the first and second hollow holes, so as to achieve multi-directional large tolerance while achieving an excellent shielding effect (as shown in Figure 7-8 )

[0049] In addition, when there are different installation distance requirements between the two PCB boards 800 and 900, it can be achieved throughFigure 9 Adjust the height of the entire flexible connector by the medium height H or H' to meet the usage requirements.

[0050] In addition to the board-to-board installation described above, the coaxial connector of the present invention also has the following installation methods: Combine Figure 10-11 As shown, the lower end of the flexible connector 200 is installed on the flange joint 6. The lower end of the flange joint 6 is provided with a threaded section 61 and is helically installed in the device 7 through the threaded section 61. Among them, the lower end of the pin portion 26 of the central inner conductor 2 passes through the flange joint 6 and extends outside the lower end of the flange joint 6, or the pin portion 26 of the central inner conductor 2 is placed in the hole at the lower end of the flange joint 6. The upper end of the coaxial connector of the present invention is in elastic contact with the PCB board, and the application of this coaxial connector also has the function of multi-directional tolerance.

[0051] In summary, in the present invention, the central inner conductor 2 in the middle is provided with a plurality of first hollow holes 21 penetrating the inner cavity to form a spring structure 22. This spring structure 22 replaces the spring in the conventional elastic thimble, enabling the central inner conductor to have the ability of axial compression and rebound. That is, the central inner conductor is a one-piece structure, with only one part. Compared with the conventional elastic thimble, the central inner conductor has fewer parts, a simple structure, low cost, simple manufacturing process, and high assembly efficiency, which is conducive to improving market competitiveness. In addition, the central inner conductor in the present invention is integrally formed, that is, a one-piece structure. Therefore, regardless of whether the upper end of the central inner conductor 2 is in a compressed state or an environmental vibration state, the central inner conductor 2 has a vertical positive force, so good contact can be achieved, ensuring the quality of electrical conduction, and there will be no phenomenon of pin burning and connection failure. And because the central inner conductor 2 is a one-piece structure, no matter which part the central inner conductor is axially compressed to, the signal is directly transmitted through the surface of the central inner conductor, and the current and signal are conducted through the shortest distance, and it will not generate an antenna effect, thus ensuring high reliability of transmission, making the present invention have extremely strong market competitiveness. Furthermore, when there is an installation error in the distance between two PCB boards, or when there is an installation error between the sliding connector 100 and the flexible connector 200, the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction. The flexible connector 200 and the sliding connector 100 form a connection with large tolerances in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and form stable contact, having good communication quality. That is to say, the present invention is a two-piece structure. Compared with the coaxial connector in the prior art, it has fewer parts, a simpler structure, lower cost, simple installation and greatly improved installation efficiency. Even when a large-scale array antenna is connected by a multi-head coaxial connector, because the central inner conductor 2 and the cylindrical outer conductor 4 in the flexible connector 200 can both expand and contract in the axial direction and deflect in the radial direction, that is, it has a certain tolerance ability in the X-axis - Y-axis - Z-axis direction and the inclined direction, enabling the two PCB boards to be quickly installed and form a reliable electrical connection, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation of the large-scale array antenna and improving the installation efficiency. And when the flexible connector 200 is docked with the sliding connector 100, there are only two contact points. Compared with the two contact points of the coaxial connector in the prior art, the number of contact points is reduced, the connection reliability is increased, the signal attenuation in the contact area is reduced, and the communication quality is ensured, making the present invention have extremely strong market competitiveness.

[0052] Certainly, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features, and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multi-directional large tolerance coaxial connector, characterized in that: It includes: A sliding connector (100), which includes a docking groove (101) and a central terminal (102) placed in the docking groove (101); A flexible connector (200), which includes a central inner conductor (2), an insulator (3) sleeved around the central inner conductor (2), and a cylindrical outer conductor (4) arranged coaxially with the central inner conductor (2) and disposed around the insulator. Wherein, the central inner conductor (2) is a one-piece tubular structure, and a plurality of first hollow holes (21) penetrating its inner cavity are opened from the outside to the inside in the middle of the central inner conductor (2), and a spring structure (22) is formed between the first hollow holes (21). The central inner conductor (2) can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the spring structure (22); a plurality of second hollow holes (41) penetrating its inner cavity are opened from the outer side surface to the inside in the middle of the cylindrical outer conductor (4), and a multi-layer elastic structure (42) is formed between the second hollow holes (41). The cylindrical outer conductor (4) can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction through the multi-layer elastic structure (42); When the flexible connector (200) is inserted into the docking groove (101) of the sliding connector (100), the central inner conductor (2) and the cylindrical outer conductor (4) in the flexible connector (200) can be telescoped in the axial direction and deflected in the radial direction, so that the flexible connector (200) and the sliding connector (100) form a connection with large tolerances in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the central inner conductor (2) is docked with the central terminal (102); The insulator (3) includes an upper insulator (31) and a lower insulator (32) respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the cylindrical outer conductor (4). The interval formed between the upper insulator (31) and the lower insulator (32) corresponds to the spring structure (22) and the multi-layer elastic structure (42); An outer shielding shell (5) for increasing the structural strength and playing a shielding role is also sleeved around the cylindrical outer conductor (4). The outer shielding shell (5) covers the second hollow holes (41) of the cylindrical outer conductor (4); After the central inner conductor (2) and the cylindrical outer conductor (4) are compressed, at the same time, the outer shielding shell is also pressed down synchronously, increasing the overlapping part covering the first and second hollow holes, so as to achieve large tolerances in multiple directions and at the same time achieve excellent shielding effects.

2. The multi-directional large tolerance coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shielding shell (5) is cylindrical. An inner flange (51) is formed by the upper end opening of the outer shielding shell (5) extending inwards. The inner flange (51) abuts against the neck of the cylindrical outer conductor (4) and is fixed by a buckle formed on the neck of the cylindrical outer conductor (4).

3. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The first hollow hole (21) is oval, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the spring structure (22) be a continuous oval, or a continuous S-shaped, or a continuous fish-scale-shaped, or a continuous diamond-shaped, or a continuous wavy, or a continuous crescent-shaped; the second hollow hole (41) is oval, or S-shaped, or fish-scale-shaped, or diamond-shaped, or wavy, or crescent-shaped, correspondingly making the multi-layer elastic structure (42) be a continuous oval, or a continuous S-shaped, or a continuous fish-scale-shaped, or a continuous diamond-shaped, or a continuous wavy, or a continuous crescent-shaped.

4. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: A plurality of grooves are formed at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4) to form a plurality of outer elastic connection claws (43). A convex portion (431) protruding outward is further bent at the outer periphery of the upper end of the outer elastic connection claw (43), and a gap is formed between the outer elastic connection claw (43) and the upper end of the insulator (3).

5. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to claim 1, wherein: The central inner conductor (2) is formed with a claw (23) protruding outward. The claw (23) is clamped and positioned with the inner wall of the lower insulator (32). A first positioning groove (321) is formed at the outer periphery of the upper end of the lower insulator (32). The cylindrical outer conductor (4) is formed with a hanging platform (44). The hanging platform (44) is riveted on the first positioning groove (321) to fix the lower insulator (32) between the central inner conductor (2) and the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4); a first bending portion (24) is formed at the upper end of the central inner conductor (2), a second bending portion (45) is formed at the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4), a second positioning groove (311) and a third positioning groove (312) are respectively formed on the inner wall and the outer side of the upper insulator (31). The first bending portion (24) and the second bending portion (45) are respectively clamped into the second positioning groove (311) and the third positioning groove (312) to fix the upper insulator (31) between the central inner conductor (2) and the upper end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4).

6. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central inner conductor (2) includes a hollow tube body (25), a pin portion (26) integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a plurality of inner elastic connection claws (27) integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body (25). A connection space is formed between the inner elastic connection claws (27). The tube body (25) is inwardly provided with a plurality of the first hollow holes (21) penetrating the inner cavity along its outer side surface; correspondingly, the central terminal (102) is needle-shaped to be inserted into the connection space of the central inner conductor (2) and is clamped and conducted by the inner elastic connection claws (27).

7. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central inner conductor (2) includes a hollow tube body (25), a pin portion (26) integrally connected to the lower end of the tube body, and a connection column (28) integrally connected to the upper end of the tube body (25). The tube body (25) is inwardly provided with a plurality of the first hollow holes (21) penetrating the inner cavity along its outer side surface; correspondingly, the central terminal (102) has an elastic clamping arm (103). The elastic clamping arm (103) clamps the connection column (28) and conducts electricity.

8. The multi-directional large-tolerance coaxial connector according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The central inner conductor (2) is formed by stamping a metal plate and then rounding it. A first dovetail groove and a first dovetail protrusion are respectively provided at the head end and the tail end of the metal plate, and the first dovetail groove and the first dovetail protrusion are fixedly connected by clamping; the pin portion (26) is a first jack pin formed by extending downward along the lower end of the tube body; or, the pin portion (26) is a first SMT pin formed by bending 90° outward along the lower end of the tube body; the cylindrical outer conductor (4) is formed by stamping a metal plate and then rounding it. A second dovetail groove and a second dovetail protrusion are respectively provided at the head end and the tail end of the metal plate, and the second dovetail groove and the second dovetail protrusion are fixedly connected by clamping; a second jack pin is formed by extending downward at the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4); or, a second SMT pin is formed by bending 90° outward at the lower end of the cylindrical outer conductor (4).

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