A multi-frequency motor directly drives a drilling winch device and a direct driving method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling and geological drilling, and in particular to a multi-frequency motor directly driven drilling winch device and a direct driving method thereof. The device adopts a motor main shaft and a winch main shaft directly connected through a coupling, has no transmission mechanism, and realizes winch speed control through speed control of the multi-frequency motor. By switching the connection mode of the windings, the number of parallel winding branches is changed, and then the motor frequency is changed, and multiple groups of different speeds and torques are output, thereby realizing the change of the winch lifting speed. The device has a drill feeding function at an ultra-low speed. On the basis of meeting the use requirements of the drilling rig while ensuring a high safety factor of the accident handling capability, it not only achieves high efficiency, high power factor and high energy utilization rate, but also reduces power. The device comprises a multi-frequency motor and a winch main shaft. The multi-frequency motor is fixed on a base, and its motor main shaft is connected to the winch main shaft through a coupling. A drum is set on the outside of the winch main shaft. The multi-frequency motor adopts a multi-winding structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling and geological drilling, and in particular to a multi-frequency motor directly driven drilling winch device and a direct driving method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Drilling winches are the primary lifting equipment on oil and geological drilling rigs. They are used to raise and lower the drill string and feature speed control. Most winches utilize a gearbox to reduce the power unit's main shaft speed, increasing the torque output to the drawworks drum's main shaft. Some types of winches utilize a single-speed permanent magnet motor to directly drive the drum's main shaft. While existing single-speed permanent magnet motor-driven drilling winches meet the low-speed, high-torque requirements for emergency response, motor selection is still based on the maximum lifting and lowering speed during normal drilling. Due to the lack of a mechanical speed change system, the winch's deceleration and torque increase working conditions cannot be met; if the requirements of the winch's maximum lifting force and maximum lifting speed are met at the same time, the selected permanent magnet motor power will be very large, its frequency conversion control system will be very expensive, and its energy-saving effect will be weakened; the existing non-direct drive winch transmission device adopts a gearbox for indirect transmission, and its gearbox adopts planetary gear reduction to realize the winch transmission, which has the following disadvantages: 1. The gearbox needs to be sealed, and the seal is prone to failure, resulting in lubricating oil leakage, causing gearbox failure; 2. Iron chips worn during the operation of the gearbox are prone to cause lubricating oil failure, affecting heat dissipation and causing gearbox failure; 3. Due to working conditions, the existing winch requires a large power, and the speed regulation range is too large, making it difficult to control over a larger range. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-frequency motor directly driven drilling winch device and its direct drive method, which has a transmission mechanism that is not prone to failure, high energy utilization rate, and relatively compact size and weight. The motor main shaft and the winch main shaft are directly connected through a coupling, and there is no transmission mechanism. The winch speed is controlled by controlling the speed of the multi-frequency motor, thereby realizing the change of the winch lifting speed, and having the drill feeding function at ultra-low speed.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multi-frequency motor directly drives a drilling winch device, comprising a multi-frequency motor and a winch main shaft. The multi-frequency motor is fixed on a base, and its motor main shaft is connected to the winch main shaft through a coupling. A roller sleeve is arranged on the outside of the winch main shaft. The multi-frequency motor adopts a multi-winding structure.

[0006] In a possible technical solution, the multi-frequency motor is set to two symmetrical ones on the left and right, namely a first multi-frequency motor and a second multi-frequency motor, wherein the first motor main shaft of the first multi-frequency motor is connected to the winch main shaft through a first coupling, and the second motor main shaft of the second multi-frequency motor is connected to the winch main shaft through a second coupling.

[0007] In a possible technical solution, two support frames are symmetrically arranged on the base between the first multi-frequency motor and the second multi-frequency motor, and the winch main shaft is rotatably arranged on the two support frames.

[0008] In a possible technical solution, the first multi-frequency motor and the second multi-frequency motor are respectively provided with a motor winding switching cabinet and a frequency converter for switching the connection mode of the windings.

[0009] In a possible technical solution, the first multi-frequency motor is provided with a first multi-frequency motor outlet box, the second multi-frequency motor is provided with a second multi-frequency motor outlet box, and the windings of the first multi-frequency motor outlet box and the second multi-frequency motor outlet box are respectively provided with a1, a2, ...a m , m is the number of coil groups under each phase of the motor.

[0010] A direct drive method for a winch device is achieved by directly driving a drilling winch device with a multi-frequency motor according to any of the above-mentioned items. Under normal working conditions, the windings are connected in series, and the electrical parameters of 1 times the torque and 1 times the speed are used, with a rated power of f and a rated torque of T. The frequency converter adopts the above-mentioned electrical parameters for control; when handling a jamming accident, the motor windings are switched to parallel connection, and the electrical parameters of n times the torque and 1 / n times the speed are used, with a rated power of f / n and a rated torque of n*T. The frequency converter adopts the above-mentioned electrical parameters for control, where n is a multiple of the number of parallel branches of the motor, and the value range of n is determined by the motor back electromotive force and the winding form.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a multi-frequency motor is used as the driving motor of the drilling winch device. By switching the connection method of the windings, the number of parallel winding branches is changed, and the motor frequency is changed, outputting multiple sets of different speeds and torques. The direct drive structure makes the drilling system easy to maintain. The present invention has a simple structure and does not require a reduction box or lubrication device, which improves work efficiency. In terms of performance, it not only meets the requirements of drilling rig use but also ensures a high safety factor for accident handling capabilities, while achieving high efficiency, high power factor, and high energy utilization, but also reduces power and significantly reduces costs. It is suitable for promotion in exploration drilling equipment, including winch devices for geological drilling rigs, oil drilling rigs, and water well drilling rigs, and has significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structures of the first multi-frequency motor outlet box and the second multi-frequency motor outlet box.

[0014] Figure markings: 1-first multi-frequency motor outlet box; 2-second multi-frequency motor outlet box; 3-first multi-frequency motor; 4-second multi-frequency motor; 5-first coupling; 6-second coupling; 7-first motor main shaft; 8-second motor main shaft; 9-winch main shaft; 10-drum; 11-base; 12-support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-frequency motor of the present invention directly drives the drilling winch device, including a multi-frequency motor and a winch main shaft 9. The multi-frequency motor is fixed on the base 11, and its motor main shaft is connected to the winch main shaft 9 through a coupling. The drum 10 is sleeved on the outside of the winch main shaft 9. The multi-frequency motor adopts a multi-winding structure.

[0017] In this embodiment, two multi-frequency motors are provided, one symmetrically positioned bilaterally, namely a first multi-frequency motor 3 and a second multi-frequency motor 4. The first motor shaft 7 of the first multi-frequency motor 3 is connected to the winch main shaft 9 via a first coupling 5, and the second motor shaft 8 of the second multi-frequency motor 4 is connected to the winch main shaft 9 via a second coupling 6. The first multi-frequency motor 3 and the second multi-frequency motor 4 can independently drive the winch drum 10 to rotate, or they can simultaneously drive the winch drum 10 to rotate.

[0018] When selecting the drive motor, the motor power cannot be too small. The drilling winch device is designed for maximum power (rated power) according to the maximum working load. However, during the drilling process of the drilling rig from shallow to deep, the actual applied load is only 20%-30% of the maximum load. The ratio of the actual output power to the rated power is the load rate. If an asynchronous motor is used, the power factor and motor efficiency will drop sharply at low load rates, only about 20%, resulting in serious energy waste. If a permanent magnet single-speed motor is used, although the energy utilization rate of the motor is high, the power volume cannot be reduced. If the motor power is selected only according to normal working conditions, although it can provide 2 times the overload torque, the time for handling jamming accidents at the drilling site varies from a few minutes to several consecutive days. Long-term overload will cause the motor to overload and heat up seriously, and the continuous jamming capacity is insufficient. The motor needs to be selected according to the worst working conditions, resulting in excessively high costs. This application uses a multi-frequency motor as the drive motor of the drilling winch device. The motor adopts a multi-winding structure. By switching the connection method of the winding, the number of parallel winding branches is changed, and then the motor frequency is changed to output multiple sets of different speeds and torques. Under normal operating conditions, the windings are connected in series, providing high speed and low torque. To handle jamming situations, the windings are switched to parallel connection, providing multiple times the rated torque under normal operating conditions, meeting the drawworks' requirements for low rope speeds and high loads. Using a multi-frequency motor only switches the winding connection, and motor power is considered only for normal operating conditions. This not only reduces motor power during motor selection but also provides continuous jamming relief for the drill rig.

[0019] In this embodiment, two support frames 12 are symmetrically arranged on the base 11 between the first multi-frequency motor 3 and the second multi-frequency motor 4 , and the winch main shaft 9 is rotatably arranged on the two support frames 12 .

[0020] The windings of the multi-frequency drive motor 3 can be switched using a motor winding switch cabinet or manually connected at the motor terminal box, allowing for flexibility depending on switch size, on-site layout, and switching response speed requirements. In this embodiment, the first multi-frequency motor 3 and the second multi-frequency motor 4 are each equipped with a motor winding switch cabinet and a frequency converter for switching the winding connection method; the first multi-frequency motor 3 is equipped with a first multi-frequency motor outlet box 1, and the second multi-frequency motor 4 is equipped with a second multi-frequency motor outlet box 2. The windings of the first multi-frequency motor outlet box 1 and the second multi-frequency motor outlet box 2 are respectively equipped with a1, a2, ...a m , m is the number of coil groups under each phase of the motor, the input power is connected to the first multi-frequency motor 3 through the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1, the windings of the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1 are a1, a2, ...a m By switching the connection mode of the windings, the number of parallel winding branches is changed, and the motor frequency is changed to output multiple sets of different speeds and torques. The input power is connected to the second multi-frequency motor 4 through the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2. The windings of the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2 are a1, a2, ...a mBy switching the winding connection method, the number of parallel winding branches is changed, thereby changing the motor frequency and outputting multiple sets of different speeds and torques. Setting the winding switching method of the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1 to be exactly the same as the winding switching method of the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2 can achieve synchronous drive of the two motors.

[0021] The direct drive method of the winch device of this embodiment uses windings in series under normal working conditions, uses 1 times the torque and 1 times the speed state, and uses the electrical parameters of rated power f and rated torque T. The frequency converter adopts the above electrical parameters for control; when handling a jamming accident, the motor windings are switched to parallel connection, and use n times the torque and 1 / n times the speed state, and uses the electrical parameters of rated power f / n and rated torque n*T. The frequency converter adopts the above electrical parameters for control, where n is a multiple of the number of parallel branches of the motor, and the value range of n is determined according to the motor back electromotive force and the winding form.

[0022] Synchronous drive mode: The drum 10 rotates following the first multi-frequency motor main shaft 7 and the second multi-frequency motor main shaft 8. The input power is connected to the first multi-frequency motor 3 through the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1. The windings of the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1 are a1, a2, ...a m By switching the connection mode of the winding, changing the number of parallel winding branches, and then changing the motor frequency, multiple sets of different speeds and torques are output; the input power is connected to the second multi-frequency motor 4 through the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2, and the windings of the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2 are a1, a2, ...a m By switching the connection method of the windings, changing the number of parallel winding branches, and then changing the motor frequency, multiple sets of different speeds and torques can be output; the winding switching method of the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1 is completely consistent with the winding switching method of the second multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 2, realizing synchronous drive of the two motors.

[0023] Single drive mode: Taking the single drive of the first multi-frequency motor 3 as an example, the drum 10 rotates along with the main shaft 7 of the first multi-frequency motor. The input power is connected to the first multi-frequency motor 3 through the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1, driving the first multi-frequency motor main shaft 7 to rotate. The windings of the first multi-frequency motor winding outlet box 1 are a1, a2, ...a m , m is the number of coil groups under each phase of the motor.

[0024] The direct drive method of the present application not only meets the requirements for drilling rigs in handling accidents and heavy-load conditions, but also meets the requirements for rapid lifting and lowering of the drilling rig in normal drilling and light-load conditions. It can achieve torque doubling and speed doubling of the drilling winch under the condition of unchanged motor power without gear transmission, relying only on the electronic control system, and meeting the winch's requirements for high rope speed and high load under the condition of very low total power of the drilling rig motor, thereby greatly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency motor directly drives a drilling winch device, characterized in that: The multi-frequency motor comprises a winch main shaft (9), wherein the multi-frequency motor is fixed on a base (11), the motor main shaft is connected to the winch main shaft (9) via a coupling, and the drum (10) is sleeved on the outside of the winch main shaft (9), and the multi-frequency motor adopts a multi-winding structure; The multi-frequency motors are provided as two symmetrical motors, namely a first multi-frequency motor (3) and a second multi-frequency motor (4), wherein the first motor main shaft (7) of the first multi-frequency motor (3) is connected to the winch main shaft (9) through a first coupling (5), and the second motor main shaft (8) of the second multi-frequency motor (4) is connected to the winch main shaft (9) through a second coupling (6); The first multi-frequency motor (3) and the second multi-frequency motor (4) are respectively provided with a motor winding switching cabinet and a frequency converter for switching the connection mode of the windings; The first multi-frequency motor (3) is provided with a first multi-frequency motor outlet box (1), the second multi-frequency motor (4) is provided with a second multi-frequency motor outlet box (2), the windings of the first multi-frequency motor outlet box (1) and the second multi-frequency motor outlet box (2) are respectively provided with a1, a2, ...am, where m is the number of coil groups under each phase of the motor; The direct drive method of the winch device uses windings in series under normal working conditions, uses 1 times the torque and 1 times the speed state, and uses electrical parameters of rated power f and rated torque T. The frequency converter uses the above electrical parameters for control; when handling a jamming accident, the motor windings are switched to parallel connection, and use n times the torque and 1 / n times the speed state, and use electrical parameters of rated power f / n and rated torque n*T. The frequency converter uses the above electrical parameters for control, where n is a multiple of the number of parallel branches of the motor, and the value range of n is determined by the motor back electromotive force and the winding form.

2. The multi-frequency motor directly driven drilling winch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first multi-frequency motor (3) and the second multi-frequency motor (3) are located on the base (11). (4) are symmetrically arranged with two support frames (12), and the winch main shaft (9) is rotatably arranged on the two support frames (12).

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