Brakes, transmissions and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a brake, a gearbox and a vehicle. The brake includes a brake hub, a cam ring, a ratchet ring and at least one pawl; the ratchet ring is rotatably connected to the brake hub, and at least one pawl groove is provided on the ratchet ring, and each pawl corresponds to at least one pawl groove; the cam ring is rotatably arranged in the brake hub, and a first cam group is provided on the cam ring, and the first cam group includes at least one first cam, and each first cam corresponds to at least one pawl, so that when the cam ring rotates, the first cam can drive the corresponding pawl to be clamped into or out of the corresponding pawl groove. The brake of the present invention can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. With the help of the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake does not need to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the efficiency of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and in particular relates to a brake, a transmission and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Brakes are commonly used mechanisms for the gearbox of traditional internal combustion locomotives or the electromechanical coupling system of hybrid vehicles, which require high efficiency, low cost, small size, and light weight of components. Commonly used brakes are realized through wet multi-plate clutches, and they need to be matched with a hydraulic system that is suitable for them to realize their braking function. They have the problems of high cost, low efficiency, and large size. Especially for the electromechanical coupling system of hybrid vehicles, the system has multiple power sources output at the same time and requires high torque braking. Conventional wet multi-plate brakes are difficult to meet the braking torque requirements. Electromagnetic clutches that meet the braking torque requirements have the problems of high cost, large size, and heavy weight. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a brake, a gearbox and a vehicle.

[0004] One aspect of the present invention provides a brake, comprising a brake hub, a cam ring, a ratchet ring and at least one pawl; wherein,

[0005] The ratchet ring is rotatably connected to the brake hub, and the ratchet ring is provided with at least one pawl groove, and each pawl corresponds to at least one pawl groove;

[0006] The cam ring is rotatably arranged in the brake hub, and a first cam group is arranged on the cam ring, wherein the first cam group includes at least one first cam, and each first cam corresponds to at least one pawl, so that when the cam ring rotates, the first cam can drive the corresponding pawl to be engaged in or engaged in the corresponding pawl groove.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the brake further comprises at least one friction plate, and the ratchet ring is further provided with a friction surface, and the friction surface corresponds to the friction plate; wherein,

[0008] The friction plate can abut against the friction surface before the pawl is engaged with the pawl groove.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, a second cam group is further provided on the cam ring, and the second cam group includes at least one second cam, and each second cam corresponds to at least one friction plate, so that when the cam ring rotates, the second cam drives the friction plate to abut against the friction surface.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the first cam group and the second cam group are both arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring, and the first cam group and the second cam group are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the cam ring;

[0011] The pawl groove and the friction surface are both arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the ratchet ring, and the pawl groove and the friction surface are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the ratchet ring.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the first cam group and the second cam group are both arranged on the end surface of the cam ring facing the ratchet ring, and the first cam group and the second cam group are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the cam ring;

[0013] The pawl groove and the friction surface are both arranged on the end surface of the ratchet ring facing the cam ring, and the pawl groove and the friction surface are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the ratchet ring.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the brake further includes an end bearing, which is disposed between the cam ring and the brake hub so that the cam rotates around the brake hub.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the first cams in the first cam group and the second cams in the second cam group are arranged alternately.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the brake further comprises at least one rotating shaft, which is rotatably disposed in the brake hub, the axis of which is parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the brake hub, and each of which corresponds to at least one pawl and / or at least one friction plate; wherein,

[0017] The friction plate and the pawl can be rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft.

[0018] In some optional implementations, each of the rotating shafts is sequentially sleeved with a friction plate and a pawl.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, the brake further includes a driving element connected to the cam ring to drive the cam ring to rotate.

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention provides a gearbox, comprising a brake, wherein the brake is the brake described above.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising the brake described above or the gearbox described above.

[0022] The brake, gearbox and vehicle of the present invention use a first cam group driven pawl arranged on the cam ring, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. In addition, due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake no longer needs to provide power after braking, which can reduce system energy loss and effectively improve system efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the brake according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial assembly diagram of the brake of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial assembly diagram of the brake of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figures 4 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of the braking working process of the brake according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is an exploded view of a brake according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet ring in the brake of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cam ring in a brake according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a brake hub in a brake according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 to Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the braking working process of the brake according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, a brake 100 includes a brake hub 110, a cam ring 120, a ratchet ring 130, and a plurality of ratchet pawls 140. The brake hub 110 can be used to be fixedly connected to a transmission housing, the cam ring 120 can be used to be connected to a driving element, and the ratchet ring 130 can be used to be connected to a braked element. Figure 2As shown, the ratchet ring 130 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the brake hub 110, and a plurality of ratchet grooves 131 are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the ratchet ring 130, and each ratchet 140 corresponds to at least one ratchet groove 131. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cam ring 120 is rotatably disposed in the brake hub 110, and the cam ring 120 is preferably coaxially disposed with the brake hub 110. The cam ring 120 is also preferably coaxially mounted with the ratchet ring 130. Driven by the driving element, the cam ring 120 can rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. A first cam group 121 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring 120. The first cam group 121 includes a plurality of first cams, each of which corresponds to a pawl 140, so that when the cam ring 120 rotates, the first cam can drive the corresponding pawl 140 to snap into or out of the corresponding pawl groove 131.

[0035] The braking operation process and the braking release operation process of the brake of this embodiment are described in detail below.

[0036] Braking working process:

[0037] Before braking using the brake 100 of this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the ratchet ring 130 can rotate freely, so that the braked element can also rotate freely.

[0038] After the braking starts, after the driving torque of the ratchet ring 130 is reduced or removed, the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. At this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to snap into the corresponding pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, so that the pawl 140 can be locked in the ratchet meshing state, completing the braking. Figure 6 shown.

[0039] Braking release process:

[0040] Before releasing the brake, Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the pawl 140 is engaged with the pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, and is held by the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120, so that the ratchet ring 130 cannot rotate freely.

[0041] After the brake is released, the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate, so that the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 releases the locking hold on the pawl 140, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the ratchet ring 130 resumes free rotation.

[0042] The brake of this embodiment uses the first cam group set on the cam ring to drive the pawl, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. In addition, due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake no longer needs to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that there is no limitation on the number of ratchets. For example, one, two, three or more ratchets may be arranged at intervals along the inner circumferential wall of the ratchet ring. The number may be determined according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this. When multiple ratchets are provided, the multiple ratchets may be arranged at equal intervals along the inner circumferential wall of the ratchet ring or in other arrangements, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0044] It should be further explained that, in addition to the one-to-one correspondence between the pawl grooves and the pawls, other corresponding methods may also be adopted. For example, one pawl groove corresponds to 2, 3 or more pawls, or one pawl corresponds to 2, 3 or more pawl grooves. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0045] It should be noted that in addition to the one-to-one correspondence between the first cam and the pawl, other corresponding methods may also be adopted. For example, one first cam may correspond to 2, 3 or more pawls, or one pawl may correspond to 2, 3 or more first cams. In addition, when the first cam group includes multiple first cams, the multiple first cams may be arranged at equal intervals along the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring or in other arrangements, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0046] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the brake 100 further includes a plurality of friction plates 150, and a friction surface 132 is further provided on the inner peripheral wall of the ratchet ring 130, and the friction surface 132 corresponds to the friction plate 150. A second cam group 122 is further provided on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring 120, and the second cam group 122 includes a plurality of second cams, each of which corresponds to a friction plate 150, so that when the cam ring 120 rotates, the second cam drives the friction plate 150 to abut against the friction surface 132 before the pawl 140 is engaged in the pawl groove 131.

[0047] The braking operation process and the braking release operation process of the brake of this embodiment are described in detail below.

[0048] Braking working process:

[0049] Before braking using the brake 100 of this embodiment, Figure 4As shown, at this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the second cam in the second cam group 122 pushes the corresponding friction plate 150 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the ratchet ring 130 can rotate freely, so that the braked element can also rotate freely.

[0050] After the braking starts, the driving torque of the ratchet ring 130 is reduced or removed, and the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. At this time, the second cam in the second cam group 122 on the cam ring 120 first drives the corresponding friction plate 150 to rotate, and turns the friction plate 150 to the direction of the ratchet ring 130, such as Figure 5 As shown, the friction surface 132 on the ratchet ring 130 generates friction with the friction plate 150, and the ratchet ring 130 begins to decelerate.

[0051] When the rotation speed of the ratchet ring 130 and the brake hub 110 are almost synchronized to zero, the cam ring 120 rotates to the other side of the brake hub 110. At this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to snap into the corresponding pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, so that the pawl 140 can be locked in the ratchet meshing state to complete the braking. Figure 6 shown.

[0052] Braking release process:

[0053] Before releasing the brake, Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the pawl 140 is engaged with the pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, and the pawl 140 is held by the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120, and the friction plate 150 is held by the second cam in the second cam group 122, so that the ratchet ring 130 cannot rotate freely.

[0054] After the brake release starts, the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate, so that the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 releases the locking hold on the pawl 140, and the second cam in the second cam group 122 releases the locking hold on the friction plate 150, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the ratchet ring 130 resumes free rotation.

[0055] The brake of this embodiment uses a cam to drive the friction plate and the pawl, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. Two staggered cams are used to drive the friction plate and the pawl respectively. The friction plate is first synchronized and then locked by the pawl. The friction plate is only used to synchronize the rotation speed. The large torque at the ratchet disc end is braked through the pawl, which can effectively reduce the requirements for the friction plate. Due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the system does not need to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0056] It should be noted that there is no limitation on the number of friction plates. For example, there may be 1, 2, 3 or more friction plates. The specific number may be determined according to actual needs and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0057] It should be further explained that, in addition to the one-to-one correspondence between the second cam and the friction plate, other corresponding methods may also be adopted. For example, one second cam may correspond to 2, 3 or more friction plates, or one friction plate may correspond to 2, 3 or more second cams. In addition, when the second cam group includes multiple second cams, the multiple second cams may be arranged at equal intervals along the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring or in other arrangements, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0058] It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned method of using the second cam in the second cam group provided on the cam ring to drive the friction plate to abut against the friction surface on the ratchet ring, other methods may also be used, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0059] In addition, the friction plate can also be a shoe-shaped structure on a drum brake, and the driving element can be a hydraulic piston cylinder, or other power sources such as a motor that rotates the cam ring.

[0060] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the first cam group 121 and the second cam group 122 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the cam ring 120. The pawl groove 131 and the friction surface 132 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the ratchet ring 130. The first cam in the first cam group 121 and the second cam in the second cam group 122 are staggered. The so-called staggered arrangement means that the first cam in the first cam group 121 and the second cam in the second cam group 122 are staggered, so that the second cam group 122 and the first cam group 121 can successively drive the corresponding friction plate 150 and the pawl 140.

[0061] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the brake 100 further includes a plurality of rotating shafts 160. A plurality of mounting holes 111 are provided on the end surface of the brake hub 110. The plurality of rotating shafts 160 are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes 111. The axis of the rotating shaft 160 is parallel to the axis of the brake hub 110. Each rotating shaft 160 in a part of the rotating shafts 160 corresponds to a pawl 140 and a friction plate 150, and each rotating shaft 160 in another part of the rotating shafts 160 corresponds to a pawl 140 alone, and the friction plate 150 and the pawl 140 can be rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft 160.

[0062] It should be noted that other corresponding methods can also be used between the rotating shaft and the pawl and friction plate. For example, each rotating shaft can be equipped with only one pawl or one friction plate, or each rotating shaft can be equipped with multiple pawls or multiple friction plates, etc. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] like Figure 7 to Figure 13 As shown, a brake 100 includes a brake hub 110, a cam ring 120, a ratchet ring 130 and a plurality of ratchet pawls 140. The brake hub 110 can be used to be fixedly connected to a transmission housing, and the cam ring 120 can be connected to a driving element 170, such as Fig. 9 As mentioned above, the cam ring 120 is provided with a connecting portion 123, through which the cam ring 120 is connected to the driving element 170. The ratchet ring 130 can be used to connect to the braked element. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the ratchet ring 130 is rotatably mounted in the brake hub 110, and a plurality of ratchet grooves 131 are provided on the end surface of the ratchet ring 130 facing the cam ring 120, and each ratchet 140 corresponds to at least one ratchet groove 131. Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the cam ring 120 and the end bearing are installed in the brake hub 110, the end bearing is located between the cam ring 120 and the brake hub 110, and the cam ring 120 can rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. The cam ring 120 is preferably coaxially arranged with the brake hub 110, and the cam ring 120 is also preferably coaxially installed with the ratchet ring 130. A first cam group 121 is arranged on the end surface of the cam ring 120 facing the ratchet ring 130, and the first cam group 121 includes a plurality of first cams, each of which corresponds to a pawl 140, so that when the cam ring 120 rotates, the first cam can drive the corresponding pawl 140 to be clamped into or out of the corresponding pawl groove 131.

[0065] The braking operation process and the braking release operation process of the brake of this embodiment are described in detail below.

[0066] Braking working process:

[0067] Before braking using the brake 100 of this embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, at this time, the cam ring 120 is located on one side of the brake hub 110, and the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the ratchet ring 130 can rotate freely, so that the braked element can also rotate freely.

[0068] After the braking starts, after the driving torque of the ratchet ring 130 is reduced or removed, the cam ring 120 rotates to the other side of the brake hub 110, and the driving element 170 drives the cam ring 120 to rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. At this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to be engaged in the corresponding pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, so that the pawl 140 can be locked in the ratchet meshing state to complete the braking, such as Fig.13 shown.

[0069] Braking release process:

[0070] Before releasing the brake, Fig.13 As shown, at this time, the pawl 140 is engaged with the pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, and is held by the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120, so that the ratchet ring 130 cannot rotate freely.

[0071] After the brake is released, the driving element 170 drives the cam ring 120 to rotate, so that the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 releases the locking hold on the pawl 140, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the ratchet ring 130 resumes free rotation.

[0072] The brake of this embodiment uses the first cam group set on the cam ring to drive the pawl, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. In addition, due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake no longer needs to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0073] It should be noted that for other descriptions of the pawl, the first cam group, etc., reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0074] For example, Figure 7 As shown, the brake 100 further includes a plurality of friction plates 150, and a friction surface 132 is provided on the end surface of the ratchet ring 130 facing the cam ring 120, and the friction surface 132 corresponds to the friction plate 150. A second cam group 122 is further provided on the end surface of the cam ring 120 facing the ratchet ring 130, and the second cam group 122 includes a plurality of second cams, each of which corresponds to a friction plate 150, so that when the cam ring 120 rotates, the second cam drives the friction plate 150 to abut against the friction surface 132 before the pawl 140 is engaged in the pawl groove 131.

[0075] The braking operation process and the braking release operation process of the brake of this embodiment are described in detail below.

[0076] Braking working process:

[0077] Before braking using the brake 100 of this embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, at this time, the cam ring 120 is located on one side of the brake hub 110, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the second cam in the second cam group 122 pushes the corresponding friction plate 150 to the side of the cam ring 120, and the ratchet ring 130 can rotate freely, so that the braked element can also rotate freely.

[0078] After the braking starts, the driving torque of the ratchet ring 130 is reduced or removed, and the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate around the axis of the brake hub 110. At this time, the second cam in the second cam group 122 on the cam ring 120 first drives the corresponding friction plate 150 to rotate, and turns the friction plate 150 to the direction of the ratchet ring 130, such as Fig.12 As shown, the friction surface 132 on the ratchet ring 130 generates friction with the friction plate 150, and the ratchet ring 130 begins to decelerate.

[0079] When the rotation speed of the ratchet ring 130 and the brake hub 110 are almost synchronized to zero, the cam ring 120 rotates to the other side of the brake hub 110. At this time, the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 pushes the corresponding pawl 140 to snap into the corresponding pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, so that the pawl 140 can be locked in the ratchet meshing state to complete the braking. Fig.13 shown.

[0080] Braking release process:

[0081] Before releasing the brake, Fig.13 As shown, at this time, the pawl 140 is engaged with the pawl groove 131 of the ratchet ring 130, and the pawl 140 is held by the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120, and the friction plate 150 is held by the second cam in the second cam group 122, so that the ratchet ring 130 cannot rotate freely.

[0082] After the brake release starts, the driving element drives the cam ring 120 to rotate, so that the first cam in the first cam group 121 on the cam ring 120 releases the locking hold on the pawl 140, and the second cam in the second cam group 122 releases the locking hold on the friction plate 150, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the ratchet ring 130 resumes free rotation.

[0083] The brake of this embodiment uses a cam to drive the friction plate and the pawl, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. Two staggered cams are used to drive the friction plate and the pawl respectively. The friction plate is first synchronized and then locked by the pawl. The friction plate is only used to synchronize the rotation speed. The large torque at the ratchet disc end is braked through the pawl, which can effectively reduce the requirements for the friction plate. Due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the system does not need to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0084] It should be noted that for other explanations about the friction plate, the second cam, etc., please refer to the relevant description of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] For example, Fig. 9 As shown, the first cam group 121 and the second cam group 122 are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the cam ring 120. Figure 8 As shown, the pawl groove 131 and the friction surface 132 are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the ratchet ring 130. The first cam in the first cam group 121 and the second cam in the second cam group 122 are arranged alternately. The so-called alternate arrangement means that the first cam in the first cam group 121 and the second cam in the second cam group 122 are arranged alternately, so that the second cam group 122 and the first cam group 121 can successively drive the corresponding friction plate 150 and the pawl 140.

[0086] For example, Figure 7 As shown, the brake 100 further includes a plurality of rotating shafts 160. A plurality of mounting holes 111 are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the brake hub 110. The plurality of rotating shafts 160 are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes 111. The axis of the rotating shaft 160 is perpendicular to the axis of the brake hub 110. Each rotating shaft 160 in a part of the rotating shafts 160 corresponds to a pawl 140 and a friction plate 150, and each rotating shaft 160 in another part of the rotating shafts 160 corresponds to a pawl 140 alone, and the friction plate 150 and the pawl 140 can be rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft 160.

[0087] It should be noted that the correspondence between the rotating shaft, the pawl and the friction plate can be referred to the relevant description of Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0088] The brake of the present invention adopts embedded rigid force transmission and has a large braking torque capacity. The braking torque limit can be easily adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of ratchet plates without significantly increasing the cost. The friction plate is cleverly used to mechanically achieve deceleration synchronization without the need for complex control strategies or control methods, and the engagement is smooth and impact-free. There is no need to maintain power in the working state (no additional energy consumption), and it is completely separated after release without drag loss of the friction plate. Each moving pair swings slightly, and no axial translation movement is required. The cam ring is used to control the stroke in both directions and force return, which is simple, reliable and safe. The cost is low. First, ordinary hydraulic cylinders can be used as power sources to reduce the cleanliness requirements of hydraulic oil. Second, expensive hydraulic control valves can be greatly reduced or even eliminated.

[0089] Another aspect of the present invention provides a gearbox, including a brake, wherein the brake is the brake described above.

[0090] The gearbox of this embodiment has the brake described above, which uses a first cam group driven pawl arranged on the cam ring, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. In addition, due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake does not need to provide power after braking, which can reduce the energy loss of the system and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0091] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising the brake as described above or the gearbox as described above.

[0092] The vehicle of this embodiment has the gearbox or brake described above, which uses a first cam group driven pawl arranged on the cam ring, which can effectively reduce the power and driving force requirements of the driving element. In addition, due to the self-locking surface of the cam, the driving element of the brake no longer needs to provide power after braking, which can reduce the system energy loss and effectively improve the system efficiency.

[0093] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, such as: the number of ratchets, pawls and friction plates can be adjusted according to the torque transmitted, and the number of ratchets, pawls and friction plates can be increased or decreased. These modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake, characterized in that: The brake comprises a brake hub, a cam ring, a ratchet ring and at least one ratchet, wherein the brake hub is used to be fixedly connected to the transmission housing, the cam ring is used to be connected to the driving element, and the ratchet ring is used to be connected to the braked element; wherein, The ratchet ring is rotatably connected to the brake hub, and the ratchet ring is provided with at least one pawl groove, and each pawl corresponds to at least one pawl groove; The cam ring is rotatably disposed in the brake hub, and a first cam group is disposed on the cam ring, wherein the first cam group includes at least one first cam, and each first cam corresponds to at least one pawl, so that when the cam ring rotates, the first cam can drive the corresponding pawl to be engaged in or engaged in the corresponding pawl groove.

2. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake further comprises at least one friction plate, and the ratchet ring is further provided with a friction surface, and the friction surface corresponds to the friction plate; wherein, The friction plate can abut against the friction surface before the pawl is engaged with the pawl groove.

3. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that The cam ring is also provided with a second cam group, which includes at least one second cam. Each second cam corresponds to at least one friction plate, so that when the cam ring rotates, the second cam drives the friction plate to abut against the friction surface.

4. The brake according to claim 3, characterized in that The first cam group and the second cam group are both arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring, and the first cam group and the second cam group are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the cam ring; The pawl groove and the friction surface are both arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the ratchet ring, and the pawl groove and the friction surface are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the ratchet ring.

5. The brake according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first cam group and the second cam group are both arranged on the end surface of the cam ring facing the ratchet ring, and the first cam group and the second cam group are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the cam ring; The pawl groove and the friction surface are both arranged on the end surface of the ratchet ring facing the cam ring, and the pawl groove and the friction surface are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the ratchet ring.

6. The brake according to claim 5, characterized in that The brake further includes an end bearing disposed between the cam ring and the brake hub to allow the cam to rotate around the brake hub.

7. The brake according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The first cams in the first cam group and the second cams in the second cam group are arranged alternately.

8. The brake according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The brake further comprises at least one rotating shaft, which is rotatably disposed in the brake hub, the axis of which is parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the brake hub, and each of which corresponds to at least one pawl and / or at least one friction plate; wherein, The friction plate and the pawl can be rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft.

9. The brake according to claim 8, characterized in that A friction plate and a ratchet pawl are sequentially sleeved on each of the rotating shafts.

10. The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The brake further comprises a driving element connected to the cam ring to drive the cam ring to rotate.

11. A gearbox, comprising a brake, characterized in that: The brake is the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the gearbox according to claim 11 .

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