A mechanical ventilation pipe capable of adjusting the direction of the pipe opening and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe opening direction and a method for using the same, comprising jet fans (27) installed at intervals in a tunnel, a longitudinal steel air duct (1) installed along the tunnel direction at the top of the tunnel, ventilation pipes connected at intervals in the longitudinal steel air duct (1) near the jet fans (27) area, and an adjustment device on the ventilation pipe that can achieve one or a combination of connection, disconnection, displacement and movement with the air outlet of the jet fans (27). The present invention makes full use of the spare space of the tunnel arch and, based on the existing fans in the tunnel, adjusts the mechanical ventilation pipe to connect with the tunnel fans, ingeniously changes the flow path of the wind flow, and transforms the longitudinal ventilation of the jet fans in the normal operation state into semi-transverse ventilation in the case of tunnel fire, which can greatly improve the smoke exhaust efficiency of the tunnel without increasing the operation cost too much, thereby improving the escape probability of trapped personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe opening direction and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tunnel ventilation equipment. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the strengthening of safety and environmental awareness, tunnel operation ventilation has gradually received attention and attention. Considering the later operating costs, most tunnels adopt jet fan longitudinal ventilation. This ventilation method is reasonable and feasible for normal operation, but it also has obvious disadvantages. Specifically, in the longitudinal ventilation mode, the airflow flows along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the exhaust efficiency of harmful gases in the tunnel is low. Especially in the event of a tunnel fire, the longitudinal ventilation cannot exhaust the thick smoke produced by the combustion in time, which poses a great threat to the life safety of personnel. In the semi-transverse ventilation mode, the airflow flows perpendicular to the tunnel, which can greatly improve the exhaust efficiency of harmful gases, but its operating cost is high, and the cost of use during normal operation is too high, so it is generally rarely used.

[0003] It can be seen that the current status of tunnel ventilation is in conflict with the economic rationality of later operations and the safety of fire rescue personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sliding manned rail vehicle for use in tunnels, aiming to solve the problem of spatial conflict between daily maintenance of tunnel facilities and tunnel fire rescue and tunnel ground traffic.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe opening direction comprises jet fans installed at intervals in a tunnel, longitudinal steel air ducts installed at the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction, ventilation ducts are connected at intervals on the longitudinal steel air duct near the jet fan area, and an adjustment device is provided on the ventilation duct that can realize one of or a combination of connection, disconnection, and displacement with the jet fan outlet.

[0007] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe opening direction is, the mechanical ventilation duct comprises an obliquely connected steel air duct, a single oblique steel air duct, a double oblique steel air duct, a telescopic steel air duct and an interface pipe connected in sequence, the end of the obliquely connected steel air duct is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct, and the interface pipe can be connected to the air outlet of the jet fan; the regulating device comprises an electric valve, a first rotating flange, a second rotating flange and a telescopic jack; the electric valve is connected to the obliquely connected steel air duct, the single oblique steel air duct is connected to one end of the double oblique steel air duct through the first rotating flange to realize rotation, the other end of the double oblique steel air duct is connected to the telescopic steel air duct through the second rotating flange to realize rotation, and the telescopic jack drives the telescopic movement of the telescopic steel air duct.

[0008] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe mouth direction is that the first rotating flange and the second rotating flange include a gradient tube with an elliptical end and a circular end, a flange inner disk and a flange outer disk, the flange inner disk is nested in the flange outer disk and can rotate in the flange outer disk, the circular mouth ends of the two gradient tubes are respectively connected to the flange inner disk and the flange outer disk, an axial transmission tooth is provided on the outer end surface of the flange outer disk, a stepper motor is connected to the gradient tube connected to the flange inner disk, and a gear matching the transmission tooth is connected to the stepper motor.

[0009] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe opening direction is: the electric valve is an electric shutter valve, an electric flap valve or an electric gate valve.

[0010] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe mouth direction is that the interface pipe includes a fixed structure pipe, a convex steel arc plate, a concave steel arc plate, a telescopic spring, a steel strand and a steel strand retracting device. The convex steel arc plates and the concave steel arc plates are arranged alternately and assembled into a hollow pipe. The other ends of the alternately arranged convex steel arc plates and the concave steel arc plates are hinged on the fixed structure pipe. A spring is provided in the groove of the concave steel arc plate. The convex steel blocks on both sides of the convex steel arc plate are respectively stuck in the grooves of the two adjacent concave steel arc plates and contact with the spring. The steel strand and the steel strand retracting device are arranged on the outside of the convex steel arc plate and the concave steel arc plate. The length of the steel strand is adjusted by the steel strand retracting device, thereby causing the spring to deform and close the interface pipe.

[0011] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe mouth direction is provided with an anti-slip groove on the outside of the jet fan, and the interface pipe also includes an anti-slip steel ring, which is composed of more than three blocks, and the more than three blocks are respectively connected to the convex steel arc plate and the concave steel arc plate or one of them. When the interface pipe is connected to the jet fan outlet and closed, the anti-slip steel ring matches the anti-slip groove on the outside of the jet fan. At this time, the ventilation pipe and the jet fan are in a locked state.

[0012] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe opening direction is that the telescopic steel air duct is formed by sleeve-joining two or more short pipes, and the two ends of the telescopic jack are respectively connected to the short pipes at the head and tail ends of the telescopic steel air duct.

[0013] The aforementioned mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe opening direction is that the ventilation duct is a flexible bellows, one end of which is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct; the regulating device includes an electric-controlled valve, an electric telescopic device and a mobile trolley, the electric-controlled valve is installed at the interface end of the flexible bellows and the longitudinal steel air duct, one end of the electric telescopic device is connected to one end of the flexible bellows, and the other end is connected to the mobile trolley, and the mobile trolley moves on the longitudinal steel air duct.

[0014] The method of using the mechanical ventilation duct with adjustable pipe opening direction is to install a longitudinal steel air duct on the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction, and ventilation ducts are connected to the longitudinal steel air duct at intervals close to the jet fan area, and an adjustment device is provided on the ventilation duct. In this way, under normal use of the tunnel, the adjustment device adjusts the ventilation duct to close and misalign it with the air outlet of the jet fan to ensure normal ventilation operation of the jet fan. In the event of a fire, the adjustment device adjusts the ventilation duct to open and connect it with the air outlet of the jet fan, so that the smoke in the tunnel quickly enters the longitudinal steel air duct and is directly discharged from the tunnel by the longitudinal steel air duct, reducing the smoke in the tunnel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention makes full use of the surplus space in the tunnel arch and is based on the existing fans in the tunnel. By adjusting the mechanical ventilation duct and connecting it with the jet fan, the flow path of the wind is cleverly changed, and the longitudinal ventilation of the jet fan under normal operating conditions is transformed into semi-transverse ventilation in the event of a tunnel fire. The smoke exhaust efficiency of the tunnel can be greatly improved without increasing the operating costs too much, thereby increasing the escape probability of trapped people. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the front section structure of the mechanical ventilation duct.

[0020] Figure 3 This is the overall structure diagram of the adjustable interface pipe.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the end of the adjustable interface pipe.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of two usage states of the rotating flange.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the flange outer disc structure of the rotating flange.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the flange inner plate structure of the rotating flange.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the mechanical ventilation duct.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the retracted state of the three-section telescopic oblique-mouth steel duct of the mechanical ventilation duct.

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the second rotating flange of the mechanical ventilation duct rotating 180 degrees.

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the first rotating flange of the mechanical ventilation duct rotating 180 degrees.

[0029] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the three-section telescopic oblique steel duct of the mechanical ventilation duct and the jet fan.

[0030] Fig.13 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of another implementation method of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.14 This is a cross-sectional view of the recommended arrangement of the present invention in a rectangular tunnel.

[0032] Fig.15 This is a top view of the recommended layout of the present invention in a rectangular tunnel.

[0033] Fig.16 This is a cross-sectional view of the recommended arrangement of the present invention in a flat tunnel.

[0034] Fig.17 This is a cross-sectional view of the recommended arrangement of the air duct of the present invention in a flat tunnel.

[0035] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of tunnel ventilation in a one-way traffic tunnel in case of fire.

[0036] Fig.19 Schematic diagram of tunnel ventilation in a two-way traffic tunnel in case of fire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-12 As shown, this embodiment realizes the predetermined action through the following device, which is a longitudinal steel air duct 1 installed on the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction, and ventilation pipes are connected to the longitudinal steel air duct 1 near the jet fan 27 area at intervals, and the longitudinal steel air duct 1 and the jet fan 27 are suspended on the tunnel vault through a bolt base and a pre-embedded bolt hanging rod 11, and an adjusting device is provided on the ventilation duct, so that under normal use of the tunnel, the adjusting device adjusts the ventilation duct to close and misalign with the air outlet of the jet fan 27 to ensure the normal ventilation operation of the jet fan 27. In the event of a fire, the adjusting device adjusts the ventilation duct to open and dock with the air outlet of the jet fan 27, so that the smoke in the tunnel quickly enters the longitudinal steel air duct 1, and is directly discharged from the tunnel by the longitudinal steel air duct 1, thereby reducing the smoke in the tunnel.

[0039] In order to realize one of the connection, disconnection and displacement of the ventilation duct and the air outlet of the jet fan 27 or the completion of a combination of the actions, the ventilation duct is composed of an obliquely connected steel duct 2, a single oblique steel duct 3, a double oblique steel duct 4, a telescopic steel duct 8 and an interface pipe 9 which are connected in sequence. The end of the obliquely connected steel duct 2 is connected to the longitudinal steel duct 1, and the interface pipe 9 can be connected to the air outlet of the jet fan 27. Among the ventilation ducts, only the single oblique steel duct 3 is suspended on the tunnel vault through a bolt base and a pre-buried bolt hanging rod 11; the regulating device includes an electric valve 10, a first rotating flange 6, a second rotating flange 7 and a telescopic jack 14, and the first rotating flange 6 and the second rotating flange 7 have the same structure; the electric valve 10 is connected to the obliquely connected steel duct 2, and the electric valve 10 is an electric shutter valve, an electric flap valve or an electric gate valve that can be purchased on the market. The single-beveled steel air duct 3 is connected to one end of the double-beveled steel air duct 4 through the first rotating flange 6 to achieve rotation, and the other end of the double-beveled steel air duct 4 is connected to the telescopic steel air duct 8 through the second rotating flange 7 to achieve rotation, and the telescopic jack 14 drives the telescopic movement of the telescopic steel air duct 8.

[0040] The first rotating flange 6 and the second rotating flange 7 of the same structure include a gradient tube 71 with an elliptical end and a circular end, a flange inner disk 72 and a flange outer disk 73. The flange inner disk 72 and the flange outer disk 73 are both hollow structures. The flange inner disk 72 is nested in the flange outer disk 73 and can rotate in the flange outer disk 73. Its nesting structure is similar to a nested ball head universal joint, but the ball head is hollow. However, in order to increase the rotation flexibility, a ball is provided on the flange inner disk 72. When in use, the flange inner disk 72 is first sleeved in the flange outer disk 73, and the limit plate 76 is welded to the flange inner disk 73. 2 is limited in axial direction, and then the circular mouth ends of the two gradient tubes 71 are respectively welded to the flange inner disk 72 and the flange outer disk 73, and the outer end surface of the flange outer disk 73 is provided with an axial transmission tooth 74, and the gradient tube 71 connected to the flange inner disk 72 is connected to a stepper motor 75, and the stepper motor 75 is connected to a gear matched with the transmission tooth 74, and then the two elliptical ends of the first rotating flange 6 are respectively connected to one end of the single-bevel steel air duct 3 and the double-bevel steel air duct 4; the two elliptical ends of the second rotating flange 7 are respectively connected to the double-bevel steel air duct 4 and the telescopic steel air duct 8.

[0041] In order to ensure the reliability of the connection between the ventilation pipe and the jet fan 27, the interface pipe 9 includes a fixed structure pipe 5, a convex steel arc plate 21, a concave steel arc plate 22, a telescopic spring 23, a steel strand 24 and a steel strand retracting device 25. The convex steel arc plate 21 and the concave steel arc plate 22 are alternately arranged and assembled into a hollow pipe. The steel strand 24 is arranged at the pipe mouth. The other ends of the alternately arranged convex steel arc plates 21 and the concave steel arc plates 22 are hinged on the fixed structure pipe 5. The fixed structure pipe 5 and the concave steel arc plate 22 are connected to each other. One end of the telescopic steel air duct 8 is fixedly connected, and the specific closing structure is that a spring 23 is provided in the groove of the concave steel arc plate 22, and the convex steel blocks on both sides of the convex steel arc plate 21 are respectively stuck in the grooves of the two adjacent concave steel arc plates 22 and contact with the spring 23, and the steel strand 24 and the steel strand retracting device 25 are arranged on the outside of the convex steel arc plate 21 and the concave steel arc plate 22. The length of the steel strand 24 is adjusted by the steel strand retracting device 25, thereby causing the spring 23 to deform and the interface pipe 9 to close.

[0042] In order to prevent the ventilation duct from shifting after being connected to the jet fan 27, an anti-slip groove 28 is provided on the outer side of the jet fan 27; the interface pipe 9 also includes an anti-slip steel ring 26, and the anti-slip steel ring 26 is composed of more than three blocks, and the three or more blocks are respectively connected to the convex steel arc plate 21 and the concave steel arc plate 22 or one of them. When the interface pipe 9 is connected to the outlet of the jet fan 27 and closed, the anti-slip steel ring 26 matches the anti-slip groove 28 on the outer side of the jet fan 27, and at this time the ventilation duct and the jet fan 27 are in a locked state.

[0043] The telescopic steel air duct 8 is formed by sleeve-joining two or more short tubes 81 of different diameters, and the two ends of the telescopic jack 14 are respectively connected to the head and tail short tubes 81 of the telescopic steel air duct 8 through the front base 12 and the rear base 13.

[0044] At the same time, the electric valve 10, the first rotating flange 6, the second rotating flange 7 and the telescopic jack 14 in the regulating device can be set with independent control switches, or can be set to complete a certain combination control of the prescribed action. The specific action is as follows: when the tunnel is in normal use, the state of the ventilation pipe and the jet fan 27 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the electric valve 10 is closed, the port of the interface pipe 9 is staggered with the air outlet of the jet fan 27, and when an emergency occurs, the docking process of the ventilation pipe and the jet fan 27 is as follows Figure 8-12 As shown, the process is controlled by computer or manually, which are respectively a. the electric valve opens; b. the telescopic steel air duct retracts; c. the second rotating flange rotates 180 degrees; d. the first rotating flange rotates 180 degrees; e. the interface pipe is in an expanded state; f. the telescopic steel air duct extends; g. the interface pipe is shrunk and bound to the jet fan 27.

[0045] Regarding the arrangement of the present invention, the arrangement of the longitudinal steel air duct 1 is related to the arrangement of the transverse passage in the tunnel. Limited by the available space in the tunnel, the diameter of the longitudinal steel air duct 1 cannot be too large, and its ventilation capacity has a certain upper limit. When the tunnel is long, the longitudinal steel air duct 1 should be arranged in sections in combination with the setting of the transverse passage in the tunnel, and the longitudinal steel air duct should be led to the dedicated air duct with a larger cross-section through the transverse passage, so as to ensure ventilation efficiency.

[0046] The preferred solution is to use mechanical ventilation pipes and jet fans 27 in combination, usually with two sets, and the longitudinal steel air duct 1 should be flexibly configured according to the available space in the tunnel arch. In a rectangular tunnel, it is recommended to equip two longitudinal steel air ducts 1 with an outer diameter similar to the fan pipe diameter. The specific arrangement order from the middle to the sides is jet fans 27, mechanical ventilation pipes, longitudinal steel air ducts 1, etc. Fig.14 and 15 In a flat tunnel, it is recommended to equip a longitudinal steel air duct 1 with a large diameter. The specific arrangement sequence is longitudinal steel air duct 1, mechanical ventilation pipe, and jet fan 27 from the arch to both sides. Fig.16 and 17 shown.

[0047] The specific use of the device is directly related to the direction of traffic flow in the tunnel. If it is a two-way traffic tunnel, in the event of a fire, it is advisable to adjust all mechanical ventilation pipes in the tunnel to connect to the jet fan, completely transform the ventilation mode of the tunnel into semi-transverse ventilation, and then use the power of the fan to exhaust the thick smoke generated by the fire along the longitudinal ventilation pipe out of the tunnel; if it is a one-way traffic section tunnel, the wind flow direction in the tunnel should be controlled to be consistent with the traffic flow direction, and at the same time, adjust the mechanical ventilation pipes near the fire location and downstream of the wind direction to connect to the jet fan, and then use the fan and mechanical ventilation pipes to exhaust the thick smoke, thereby forming a combined ventilation mode of longitudinal ventilation in the upstream area of ​​the fire point and semi-transverse ventilation in the fire point and its downstream area.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] like Fig.13As shown, this embodiment realizes the predetermined action by the following device, which is to install a longitudinal steel air duct 1 on the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction, and to connect ventilation pipes at intervals on the longitudinal steel air duct 1 near the jet fan 27 area, and to provide an adjustment device on the ventilation pipe, so that in the normal use of the tunnel, the adjustment device adjusts the ventilation pipe to close and to be misaligned with the air outlet of the jet fan 27, so as to ensure the normal ventilation operation of the jet fan 27. In the event of a fire, the adjustment device adjusts the ventilation pipe to open and to dock with the air outlet of the jet fan 27, so that the smoke in the tunnel quickly enters the longitudinal steel air duct 1 and is discharged by the longitudinal steel air duct 1. The smoke is discharged directly out of the tunnel to the steel air duct 1 to reduce the smoke in the tunnel. The ventilation duct is a flexible bellows 30, one end of which is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct 1; the regulating device includes an electric control valve 31, an electric telescopic device 32 and a moving trolley 33. The electric control valve 31 is installed at the interface end of the flexible bellows 30 and the longitudinal steel air duct 1, and a conical sleeve 34 is provided at the end of the flexible bellows 30. One end of the electric telescopic device 32 is connected to the unfixed end of the flexible bellows 30, and the other end is connected to the moving trolley 33. The moving trolley 33 moves on the longitudinal steel air duct 1. In this way, when the tunnel is in normal use, the electric control valve 31 is closed, and the electric telescopic device 32 and the mobile trolley 33 drive the ventilation pipe and the air outlet of the jet fan 27 to be misaligned, thereby ensuring the normal ventilation operation of the jet fan 27. In the event of a fire, the electric control valve 31 is opened, and the electric telescopic device 32 and the mobile trolley 33 drive the flexible bellows to connect with the air outlet of the jet fan 27, so that the smoke in the tunnel quickly enters the longitudinal steel air duct 1 and is directly discharged from the tunnel by the longitudinal steel air duct 1, thereby reducing the smoke in the tunnel.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical ventilation duct with an adjustable nozzle direction, comprising jet fans (27) installed at intervals in a tunnel, characterized in that: A longitudinal steel air duct (1) is installed at the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction. A ventilation duct is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct (1) at intervals near the jet fan (27). An adjustment device is provided on the ventilation duct that can realize the combined action of connection, disconnection and displacement with the air outlet of the jet fan (27). The ventilation duct comprises an obliquely connected steel air duct (2), a single oblique steel air duct (3), a double oblique steel air duct (4), a telescopic steel air duct (8) and an interface pipe (9) connected in sequence. The end of the obliquely connected steel air duct (2) is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct (1), and the interface pipe (9) can be connected to the air outlet of the jet fan (27). The adjustment device comprises an electric valve (10), a first rotating flange (6), a second rotating flange (7) and a telescopic jack (14). The electric valve (10) is connected to the obliquely connected steel air duct (2). The single oblique steel air duct (3) is connected to one end of the double oblique steel air duct (4) through the first rotating flange (6) to realize rotation. The double oblique steel air duct (4) is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct (1) through the first rotating flange (6). The other end of the steel air duct (4) is connected to the telescopic steel air duct (8) through the second rotating flange (7) to achieve rotation, and the telescopic jack (14) drives the telescopic movement of the telescopic steel air duct (8); the electric valve (10) is an electric shutter valve, an electric flap valve or an electric gate valve; the first rotating flange (6) and the second rotating flange (7) include a gradient tube (71) with an elliptical end and a circular end, a hollow flange inner plate (72) and a hollow flange outer plate (73) ), the flange inner disk (72) is nested in the flange outer disk (73) and can rotate in the flange outer disk (73), the circular mouth ends of the two gradient tubes (71) are respectively connected to the flange inner disk (72) and the flange outer disk (73), an axial transmission tooth (74) is provided on the outer end surface of the flange outer disk (73), a stepper motor (75) is connected to the gradient tube (71) connected to the flange inner disk (72), and a gear matched with the transmission tooth (74) is connected to the stepper motor (75).

2. The mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable nozzle direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface pipe (9) comprises a fixed structure pipe (5), a convex steel arc plate (21), a concave steel arc plate (22), a telescopic spring (23), a steel strand (24) and a steel strand retracting and releasing device (25), wherein the convex steel arc plates (21) and the concave steel arc plates (22) are arranged alternately and assembled into a hollow pipe, and the other ends of the alternately arranged convex steel arc plates (21) and concave steel arc plates (22) are hinged on the fixed structure pipe (5), and the concave steel arc plates (22) are arranged in a groove. A telescopic spring (23) is provided in the middle, and the convex steel blocks on both sides of the convex steel arc plate (21) are respectively stuck in the grooves of the two adjacent concave steel arc plates (22) and contact the telescopic spring (23). The steel strand (24) and the steel strand retracting device (25) are arranged on the outside of the convex steel arc plate (21) and the concave steel arc plate (22). The length of the steel strand (24) is adjusted by the steel strand retracting device (25), thereby causing the telescopic spring (23) to deform and the interface pipe (9) to close.

3. The mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable nozzle direction according to claim 2, characterized in that: An anti-slip groove (28) is provided on the outer side of the jet fan (27); the interface pipe (9) further comprises an anti-slip steel ring (26), the anti-slip steel ring (26) being composed of three or more clamping blocks, the three or more clamping blocks being respectively connected to the convex steel arc plate (21) and the concave steel arc plate (22) or to one of them; when the interface pipe (9) is connected to the outlet of the jet fan (27) and closed, the anti-slip steel ring (26) matches the anti-slip groove (28) on the outer side of the jet fan (27), and at this time, the ventilation pipe and the jet fan (27) are in a locked state.

4. The mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable nozzle direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic steel air duct (8) is formed by sleeve-jointing two or more short tubes (81), and the two ends of the telescopic jack (14) are respectively connected to the short tubes (81) at the head and tail ends of the telescopic steel air duct (8).

5. The method for using the mechanical ventilation pipe with adjustable pipe opening direction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a longitudinal steel air duct (1) is installed at the top of the tunnel along the tunnel direction; a ventilation duct is connected to the longitudinal steel air duct (1) at intervals near the jet fan (27) area; and an adjusting device is provided on the ventilation duct. In this way, when the tunnel is in normal use, the adjusting device adjusts the ventilation duct to be closed and misaligned with the air outlet of the jet fan (27), thereby ensuring the normal ventilation operation of the jet fan (27); when a fire occurs, the adjusting device adjusts the ventilation duct to be opened and docked with the air outlet of the jet fan (27), so that smoke in the tunnel quickly enters the longitudinal steel air duct (1) and is directly discharged from the tunnel by the longitudinal steel air duct (1), thereby reducing smoke in the tunnel.

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