A single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles, comprising: a piston body and at least one set of valve systems, the valve system comprising: an adjustment screw, a spring and a core valve, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the adjustment screw and the core valve, an oil channel is provided in the middle of the core valve, and a relief hole connected to the oil channel is provided on the side wall of the core valve, when the piston is in a stretched state, the relief hole is closed by the inner wall of the through hole, and when the piston is in a compressed state, the relief hole is opened with a misalignment with the inner wall of the through hole. The shock absorber piston assembly of the present invention adopts a one-way core valve structure to replace the traditional valve plate structure to solve the problem of easy leakage of the valve plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil pressure shock absorbers for rail vehicles, and in particular, relates to a piston assembly of an oil pressure shock absorber with a single-circulation structure for rail vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic shock absorbers for rail vehicles are used to reduce vehicle suspension vibration, ensure safe and smooth operation of rail vehicles on the line, and improve passenger comfort. Hydraulic shock absorbers can be divided into single-cycle hydraulic shock absorbers and dual-cycle hydraulic shock absorbers according to the flow direction of the oil when the shock absorber moves. Shock absorbers with consistent oil flow direction during the extension and compression of the shock absorber are called single-cycle shock absorbers, and shock absorbers with inconsistent oil flow direction during the extension and compression of the shock absorber are called dual-cycle shock absorbers. The function of the piston of the single-cycle hydraulic shock absorber is: a one-way valve is provided on the piston. When the shock absorber stretches, the piston one-way valve is closed, and the hydraulic oil in the upper and lower chambers of the piston cannot flow; when the shock absorber compresses, the piston one-way valve opens, and the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the piston flows into the upper chamber of the piston through the one-way valve. The piston one-way valve generally adopts a tower spring plus valve plate structure. For anti-snaking shock absorbers, due to the large damping coefficient, the impact between the valve plate and the piston body is large, and the mating surface is prone to defects such as wear and deformation, which may cause leakage of the one-way valve and affect the damping characteristics of the shock absorber. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles. The shock absorber piston assembly of the present invention adopts a one-way core valve structure to replace the traditional valve plate structure to solve the problem of easy leakage of the valve plate.

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles, characterized in that it comprises: a piston body and at least one set of valve systems, wherein:

[0006] The valve system is arranged in a through hole opened on the piston body, and the valve system includes: an adjusting screw, a spring and a core valve. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the adjusting screw and the core valve. An oil channel is arranged in the middle of the core valve, and a unloading hole connected to the oil channel is arranged on the side wall of the core valve. When the piston is in a stretched state, the unloading hole is closed by the inner wall of the through hole. When the piston is in a compressed state, the unloading hole is opened with a misalignment with the inner wall of the through hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjusting screw is evenly provided with a plurality of flow grooves, and when the core valve presses the spring and abuts against the adjusting screw, the hydraulic oil flows through the flow grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, the valve system is divided into four groups and is symmetrically distributed along the center of the piston body.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: a guide ring and a step seal arranged on the outer wall of the piston body.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least: the shock absorber piston assembly of the present invention adopts a one-way core valve structure to replace the traditional valve plate structure to solve the problem of easy leakage of the valve plate. Compared with the valve plate structure, the present invention is not easy to leak, the damping force value is stable and the processing precision requirement is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston assembly of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of.

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the adjusting screw structure.

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the core valve structure.

[0016] Figure 6 When the piston is in compression state, the hydraulic oil flow direction is shown Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 7 When the piston is in compression state, the hydraulic oil flow direction is shown Figure 2 .

[0018] Among them, there are an adjusting screw 1, a flow groove 101, a piston body 2, a spring 3, a core valve 4, an oil channel 401, a unloading hole 402, a guide ring 5, and a step seal 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific technology or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the technology or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specification are used.

[0020] Example 1: Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention is a single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles, which mainly includes: a piston body and four groups of valve systems symmetrically distributed along the center of the piston body, wherein the valve system is arranged in a through hole opened on the piston body, and the valve system includes: an adjusting screw, a spring and a core valve. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the adjusting screw and the core valve, an oil channel is provided in the middle of the core valve, and a unloading hole connected to the oil channel is provided on the side wall of the core valve. When the piston is in a stretched state, the unloading hole is closed by the inner wall of the through hole, and the oil channel is also in a closed state at this time. When the piston is in a compressed state, the unloading hole is opened by staggering with the inner wall of the through hole, and the oil channel is also in an open state at this time. It can be understood that there is only an unloading hole but no damping hole on the core valve of the present invention. When the shock absorber is stretched, the oil in the left chamber of the piston cannot flow into the right chamber of the piston to ensure the stability of the damping force. Figure 1 shown.

[0021] In this embodiment, the spring stiffness of the present invention is very small to ensure that a very small damping force can open the core valve when the shock absorber is in compression motion.

[0022] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting screw is evenly provided with a plurality of flow grooves to ensure that the spring is in a compressed state. More specifically, when the core valve compresses the spring and abuts against the adjusting screw, the hydraulic oil flows through the flow grooves.

[0023] According to this embodiment of the present invention, it also includes: a guide ring and a step seal arranged on the outer wall of the piston body.

[0024] The working principle of the piston assembly of the present invention is as follows: the piston assembly acts as a one-way valve during the movement of the shock absorber, closing when the shock absorber moves in extension and opening when the shock absorber moves in compression. More specifically:

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, when the shock absorber stretches, under the pressure of the spring, the core valve presses the piston body, and the oil cannot flow from the left chamber of the piston to the right chamber of the piston to ensure the stability of the stretch damping force;

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, when the shock absorber is in compression motion, the spring is compressed under the action of oil pressure, the core valve opens, and the oil flows from the right cavity of the piston into the left cavity of the piston through the unloading hole of the core valve. The oil path is shown in Ⅰ in the figure;

[0027] like Figure 7 As shown, when the oil pressure is so large that the core valve is pressed against the adjusting screw, the oil channel is closed, and the oil now flows from the right chamber of the piston into the left chamber of the piston through the flow groove of the adjusting screw. The oil path is shown in Figure Ⅱ.

[0028] In summary, the shock absorber piston assembly of the present invention adopts a one-way core valve structure to replace the traditional valve plate structure to solve the problem of easy leakage of the valve plate. Compared with the valve plate structure, the present invention is not prone to leakage, has a stable damping force value and low processing precision requirements.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention. At the same time, a person skilled in the art may make changes in the specific implementation methods and scope of application based on the ideas of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles, characterized in that: include: A piston body and at least one set of valve trains, wherein: The valve system is arranged in the through hole opened on the piston body, and the valve system comprises: an adjusting screw, a spring and a core valve, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the adjusting screw and the core valve, an oil channel is arranged in the middle of the core valve, and a relief hole connected to the oil channel is arranged on the side wall of the core valve, when the piston is in a stretched state, the relief hole is closed by the inner wall of the through hole, and when the piston is in a compressed state, the relief hole is opened with a misalignment with the inner wall of the through hole; and the valve system is divided into four groups, which are symmetrically distributed along the center of the piston body; The adjusting screw is evenly provided with a plurality of flow grooves. When the core valve presses the spring and abuts against the adjusting screw, the hydraulic oil flows through the flow grooves. The piston assembly acts as a one-way valve during the movement of the shock absorber, which is closed when the shock absorber stretches and opened when the shock absorber compresses. More specifically: When the shock absorber is in extension movement, under the pressure of the spring, the core valve presses the piston body, and the oil cannot flow from the left chamber of the piston into the right chamber of the piston to ensure the stability of the extension damping force; when the shock absorber is in compression movement, under the action of the oil pressure, the spring is compressed, the core valve opens, and the oil flows from the right chamber of the piston into the left chamber of the piston through the unloading hole of the core valve; when the oil pressure is so high that the core valve is close to the adjusting screw, the oil channel is closed, and the oil flows from the right chamber of the piston into the left chamber of the piston through the flow groove of the adjusting screw.

2. The single-cycle structure oil pressure shock absorber piston assembly for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A guide ring and a step seal are arranged on the outer wall of the piston body.

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