A single-row corn harvester

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of corn harvesters, and discloses a single-row corn harvester. The single-row corn harvester includes a frame and a drum-type hay cutter. An inverted-V-shaped crop guide is provided on the frame, and the front end of the crop guide extends outside the frame. A cutter disc is provided directly below the middle part of the crop guide on the frame, and the rear end of the crop guide faces the inlet end of the drum-type hay cutter. The rear end of the drum-type hay cutter is connected to a material collection box through a conveying pipe. A feeding fan is provided in the drum-type hay cutter. A V-shaped ear picking fork is further provided above the crop guide on the frame. Ear collection boxes are provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork. Rolling wheels are provided at the lower part of the frame. The present invention can achieve the purpose of low grain breakage rate and straw collection and treatment. By using a simple-structured V-shaped ear picking fork and a material collection box, the problems of the harvester being bulky, complex to operate, and high in maintenance and purchase costs are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of corn harvesters, and particularly refers to a single-row corn harvester. Background Art

[0002] A corn harvester is a machine that replaces manual harvesting of corn according to agronomic requirements when the corn is ripe. When designing a harvester, the following aspects need to be considered according to actual needs: 1. The land area and characteristics of the land where corn is planted; 2. Considering the low cultural quality of farmers, the structure of the corn harvester should be as simple as possible, easy to operate and convenient to maintain; 3. The harvester should be able to perform non-row harvesting; 4. The ear and kernel breakage rate should be low; 5. High-quality straw returning treatment should be carried out during application.

[0003] However, existing harvesters are all transformed from relatively mature industrial standards. Using industrial-standard harvesters can indeed bring huge benefits, but it is not conducive to the use of small-scale farmers; the land area planted by farmers cannot reach the area of industrialized planting, and the maintenance technology and economic cost of industrialized harvesters are unaffordable for farmers. Moreover, when operating a harvester, industrialized harvesters require operators to have a certain level of professional quality to achieve safe and efficient use. These are all hard conditions restricting farmers from using harvesters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a single-row corn harvester. The present invention can achieve the purpose of low kernel breakage rate and straw collection and treatment. By using a simple-structured V-shaped ear picking fork and a material collection box, the problems of the harvester being bulky, complex to operate, and high in maintenance and purchase costs are solved.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A single-row corn harvester includes a frame, a drum-type hay cutter. An eight-shaped crop guide is provided on the frame, and the front end of the crop guide extends outside the frame. A cutter disc is provided on the frame directly below the middle part of the crop guide, and the rear end of the crop guide is directly opposite to the inlet end of the drum-type hay cutter. The rear end of the drum-type hay cutter is connected to a material collection box through a conveying pipe. A feeding fan is provided in the drum-type hay cutter. A V-shaped ear picking fork is further provided on the frame above the crop guide. Ear collection boxes are provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork. Rolling wheels are provided at the lower part of the frame.

[0007] In the present invention, when harvesting corn, the harvester moves forward, aligning the middle of the eight-shaped crop guide with the corn row. A cutter disc rotates directly below the middle of the crop guide to cut off the corn straw. Under the pulling action of the crop guide, the corn straw enters the drum type straw chopper. The corn ear falls into the ear collection boxes arranged on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork under the blockage of the V-shaped ear picking fork, and the corn straw is crushed by the drum type straw chopper and enters the material collection box through the conveying pipe under the action of the feeding fan, thus completing the entire corn harvesting process. The present invention can achieve the purpose of low grain breakage rate and straw collection and treatment, and solves the problems of the heavy weight of the harvester, complex operation, high maintenance and purchase costs through the simple-structured V-shaped ear picking fork and material collection box.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the crop guide includes a plurality of crop guide wheels symmetrically arranged in an eight-shaped manner on the frame. The outer surfaces of the crop guide wheels on each side are connected by the same crop guide track. The shaft of one crop guide wheel close to the rear end of the crop guide on each side is connected by a belt to a rotating motor, and the eight-shaped opening end of the crop guide faces the front of the frame.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the V-shaped ear picking fork includes ear picking fork blades symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame. The ear picking fork blade includes an ear guiding part and an ear picking part. The end of the ear guiding part facing the outside of the frame is lower than the end facing the inside of the frame. The front end of the ear guiding part is connected to the ear picking part. The rear end of the ear picking part is higher than the front end. A baffle is provided at the front end of the ear picking part, and an ear inlet is left at the end of the baffle facing the frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a pulley is provided on the central shaft of the cutter disc, and the pulley is connected by a belt to a cutter motor, and the cutter motor is fixed on the frame located below the crop guide.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of convex ribs are arranged on the outer surface of the crop guide track.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the drum type straw chopper includes a straw chopping cutter and a housing. The straw chopping cutter is rotatably arranged in the housing. The rotating shaft of the cutter passes through the housing and is connected by a belt to a straw chopping motor, and the straw chopping motor is fixed on the bracket.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a handrail is provided at the rear end of the bracket.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] (1) The present invention can achieve the purpose of low grain breakage rate and straw collection and treatment, and solves the problems of the heavy weight of the harvester, complex operation, high maintenance and purchase costs through the simple-structured V-shaped ear picking fork and material collection box.

[0016] (2) By setting the eight-shaped opening end of the guide grain device towards the front of the frame, the present invention increases the opening area of the guide grain device, preventing missed harvest caused by the harvester failing to align with the corn row during use. The two guide grain tracks cooperate with each other to convey the corn straw cut by the cutter disc to the V-shaped ear picking fork and the drum-type straw chopper, ensuring that the corn straw does not fall onto the land during the whole process.

[0017] (3) In the present invention, the ear picking fork blade is set as an ear guiding part and an ear picking part. Among them, the end of the ear guiding part towards the outside of the frame is lower than the end towards the inside of the frame. The front end of the ear guiding part is connected to the ear picking part. The rear end of the ear picking part is higher than the front end. A baffle is provided at the front end of the ear picking part. There is an ear inlet at the end of the baffle towards the frame, which facilitates ear picking and the rolling of ears into the ear collection box. The setting of the baffle prevents the ears from falling out of the harvester.

[0018] (4) The present invention drives the cutter disc through a belt and a cutter motor, enabling the cutter disc to have sufficient power and speed, avoiding the harvester getting stuck due to incomplete cutting.

[0019] (5) By arranging a number of convex ribs on the outer surface of the guide grain track, the present invention increases the friction coefficient of the guide grain track surface, enabling the guide grain track to have a better clamping and conveying effect.

[0020] (6) The drum-type straw chopper of the present invention includes a straw chopping reamer and a housing. The straw chopping reamer is rotatably arranged in the housing. The rotating shaft of the reamer passes through the housing and is connected to a straw chopping motor through a belt. The straw chopping motor is fixed on a bracket. The setting of the straw chopping machine can cut the straw into smaller pieces, which is beneficial for straw returning to the field.

[0021] (7) The present invention uses a hand-held method to control the direction of the harvester, which is suitable for the use and operation of the majority of farmers, avoiding the inconvenience brought to farmers by complex operation procedures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the material collection box in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the belt pulley in the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1. Frame; 2. Cutter disc; 2-1. Pulley; 3. Drum type hay cutter; 4. Material collection box; 5. Conveyor pipe; 6. Ear collection box; 7. Rolling wheel; 8. Guide grain wheel; 9. Guide grain crawler; 10. Rotating motor; 11. Ear picking blade; 12. Ear guiding part; 13. Ear picking part; 14. Baffle; 15. Cutter motor; 16. Convex rib; 17. Handrail; 18. Shell; 19. Hay cutting reamer; 20. Hay cutting motor; 21. Air outlet of material collection box; 22. Material taking door of material collection box. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] Controller Embodiment 1:

[0028] A single-row corn harvester includes a frame 1 and a drum type hay cutter 3. An eight-shaped grain guide is provided on the frame 1, and the front end of the grain guide extends outside the frame 1. A cutter disc 2 is provided directly below the middle of the grain guide on the frame 1, and the inlet end of the drum type hay cutter 3 is directly opposite to the rear end of the grain guide. The rear end of the drum type hay cutter 3 is connected to a material collection box 4 through a conveyor pipe 5. A feeding fan is provided in the drum type hay cutter 3. A V-shaped ear picking fork is further provided above the grain guide on the frame, ear collection boxes 6 are provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork, and rolling wheels 7 are provided below the frame 1.

[0029] In the present invention, when harvesting corn, the harvester moves forward, aligns the middle of the eight-shaped grain guide with the corn row, and the cutter disc 2 provided directly below the middle of the grain guide rotates to cut off the corn straw. Under the pulling action of the grain guide, the corn straw enters the drum type hay cutter 3. The ears of corn fall into the ear collection boxes 4 provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork under the blocking of the V-shaped ear picking fork. After the corn straw is shredded by the drum type hay cutter 3, it enters the material collection box 4 through the conveyor pipe 5 under the action of the feeding fan, thus completing the entire corn harvesting process. The present invention can achieve the purpose of low grain breakage rate and straw collection and treatment, and solves the problems of the heavy weight, complex operation, high maintenance and purchase costs of the harvester through the simple structure of the V-shaped ear picking fork and the material collection box.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] See Figure 1 , a single-row corn harvester includes a frame 1 and a drum type hay cutter 3. An eight-shaped grain guide is provided on the frame 1, and the front end of the grain guide extends outside the frame 1. A cutter disc 2 is provided directly below the middle of the grain guide on the frame 1, and the inlet end of the drum type hay cutter 3 is directly opposite to the rear end of the grain guide. The rear end of the drum type hay cutter 3 is connected to a material collection box 4 through a conveyor pipe 5. A feeding fan is provided in the drum type hay cutter 3. A V-shaped ear picking fork is further provided above the grain guide on the frame, ear collection boxes 6 are provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork, and rolling wheels 7 are provided below the frame 1.

[0032] The guiding grain device includes a plurality of guiding grain wheels 8 arranged symmetrically in a V shape on the frame. The outer surfaces of the guiding grain wheels 8 on each side are connected by the same guiding grain track 9. The shaft of one guiding grain wheel 8 near the rear end of the guiding grain device on each side is connected to a rotating motor 10 by a belt. The V-shaped opening end of the guiding grain device faces the front of the frame 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, by providing a plurality of guiding grain wheels 8 to achieve the V-shaped design of the guiding grain device, during corn harvesting, the V shape prevents the harvester from missing a row of corn during use due to misalignment.

[0034] Preferably but not necessarily, the axis of the cutter disc 2 is slightly deviated from the symmetry center line of the V shape of the guiding grain device to prevent the drive mechanism installed under the cutter disc 2 from being caught by the cut corn stubble.

[0035] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0036] Embodiment 3:

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , a single-row corn harvester, including a frame 1, a drum-type chopper 3. An V-shaped guiding grain device is provided on the frame 1. The front end of the guiding grain device extends outside the frame 1. A cutter disc 2 is provided directly below the middle of the guiding grain device on the frame 1. At the rear end of the guiding grain device, it faces the inlet end of the drum-type chopper 3. The rear end of the drum-type chopper 3 is connected to a material collection box 4 through a conveying pipe 5. A feeding fan is provided in the drum-type chopper 3. A V-shaped ear picking fork is further provided above the guiding grain device on the frame. Ear collection boxes 6 are provided on both sides of the V-shaped ear picking fork. Rolling wheels 7 are provided under the frame 1.

[0038] The guiding grain device includes a plurality of guiding grain wheels 8 arranged symmetrically in a V shape on the frame. The outer surfaces of the guiding grain wheels 8 on each side are connected by the same guiding grain track 9. The shaft of one guiding grain wheel 8 near the rear end of the guiding grain device on each side is connected to a rotating motor 10 by a belt. The V-shaped opening end of the guiding grain device faces the front of the frame 1.

[0039] The V-shaped ear picking fork includes ear picking fork blades 11 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame. The ear picking fork blades 11 include an ear guiding portion 12 and an ear picking portion 13. One end of the ear guiding portion 12 facing the outside of the frame 1 is lower than the end facing the inside of the frame 1. The front end of the ear guiding portion 12 is connected to the ear picking portion 13. The rear end of the ear picking portion 13 is higher than the front end. A baffle 14 is provided at the front end of the ear picking portion 13. The baffle leaves an ear inlet at the end facing the frame 1.

[0040] A pulley 2-1 is provided on the central axis of the cutter disc 2. The pulley 2-1 is connected to the cutter motor 15 through a belt, and the cutter motor 15 is fixed on the frame 1 located below the header.

[0041] A number of convex ribs 16 are arranged on the outer surface of the guide grain crawler 9.

[0042] The drum type chaff cutter 3 includes a chaff cutting reamer 19 and a housing 18. The chaff cutting reamer 19 is rotatably arranged in the housing. The rotating shaft of the reamer passes through the housing 1 and is connected to the chaff cutting motor 20 through a belt. The chaff cutting motor 20 is fixed on the bracket 1.

[0043] An armrest 17 is provided at the rear end of the bracket 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the harvester moves forward, the guide wheel 8 near the rear end of the header on the header rotates driven by the rotating motor 10, thereby driving the guide grain crawler 9 to move. The guide grain crawlers 9 on both the left and right sides of the frame 1 move together, and the corn straw cut by the cutter disc 2 between the guide grain crawlers 9 on both sides of the frame 1 is input backward. When the corn straw enters the V-shaped ear picking cutter fork, the ears on the straw are picked under the clamping of the ear picking parts 13 of the ear picking cutter fork pieces 11 located on both sides of the frame. The ears enter the ear collection box 6 through the ear guiding part 12 of the ear picking cutter fork piece 11, and the straw enters the drum type chaff cutter 3 under the clamping and conveying action of the guide grain crawler 9. The chaff cutting reamer 19 in the drum type chaff cutter 3 cuts the straw into pieces driven by the chaff cutting motor 20. The shredded straw enters the material collection box 4 under the action of the feeding fan for centralized processing.

[0045] Preferably but not necessarily, on the frame 1, the rotation of any motor can be converted through a reduction device, a gear conversion and other transmission devices to drive the roller; or another motor can be installed to drive the roller.

[0046] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0047] The above is the embodiment of the present invention. The above embodiments and the specific parameters in the embodiments are only for clearly expressing the verification process of the present invention, and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention still takes its claims as the criterion. All equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. A single-row corn harvester, comprising a frame (1) and a drum-type hay cutter (3), characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with an inverted-V-shaped grain guide. The front end of the grain guide extends outside the frame (1). Below the middle of the grain guide on the frame (1), there is a cutter disc (2). Opposite the inlet end of the drum-type hay cutter (3) at the rear end of the grain guide. The rear end of the drum-type hay cutter (3) is connected to a material collection box (4) through a delivery pipe (5). A feeding fan is provided in the drum-type hay cutter (3). Above the grain guide on the frame, there is also a V-shaped ear picker fork. On both sides of the V-shaped ear picker fork, there are ear collection boxes (6). Rolling wheels (7) are provided below the frame (1); The grain guide includes a number of grain guide wheels (8) arranged symmetrically in an inverted-V shape on the frame. The outer surfaces of the grain guide wheels (8) on each side are connected by the same grain guide track (9). The shaft of a grain guide wheel (8) near the rear end of the grain guide on each side is connected by a belt to a rotation motor (10). The inverted-V-shaped opening end of the grain guide faces the front of the frame (1); The V-shaped ear picker fork includes ear picker fork blades (11) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame. The ear picker fork blades (11) include an ear guiding part (12) and an ear picking part (13). The end of the ear guiding part (12) facing the outside of the frame (1) is lower than the end facing the inside of the frame (1). The front end of the ear guiding part (12) is connected to the ear picking part (13). The rear end of the ear picking part (13) is higher than the front end. A baffle (14) is provided at the front end of the ear picking part (13). There is an ear inlet left at the end of the baffle facing the frame (1); A pulley (2-1) is provided on the central axis of the cutter disc (2). The pulley (2-1) is connected by a belt to a cutter motor (15). The cutter motor (15) is fixed on the frame (1) below the grain guide.

2. The one-row corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of convex ribs (16) are arranged on the outer surface of the grain guide track (9).

3. A single-row corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein: The drum-type hay cutter (3) includes a hay cutting reamer (19) and a housing (18). The hay cutting reamer (19) is rotatably arranged in the housing. The rotating shaft of the reamer passes through the housing (18) and is connected by a belt to a hay cutting motor (20). The hay cutting motor (20) is fixed on the frame (1).

4. A single-row corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handrail (17) is provided at the rear end of the frame (1).

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